Condition Monitoring Using Computational Intelligence Methods promotes the various approaches gathered under the umbrella of computational intelligence to show how condition monitoring can be used to avoid equipment failures and lengthen its useful life, minimize downtime and reduce maintenance costs. The text introduces various signal-processing and pre-processing techniques, wavelets and principal component analysis, for example, together with their uses in condition monitoring and details the development of effective feature extraction techniques classified into frequency-, time-frequency- and time-domain analysis. Data generated by these techniques can then be used for condition classification employing tools such as:

fuzzy systems; rough and neuro-rough sets; neural and Bayesian networks;hidden Markov and Gaussian mixture models; and support vector machines."

With regard to both the environmental sustainability and operating efficiency demands, modern combustion research has to face two main objectives, the optimization of combustion efficiency and the reduction of pollutants. This book reports on the combustion research activities carried out within the Collaborative Research Center (SFB) 568 "Flow and Combustion in Future Gas Turbine Combustion Chambers" funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG). This aimed at designing a completely integrated modeling and numerical simulation of the occurring very complex, coupled and interacting physico-chemical processes, such as turbulent heat and mass transport, single or multi-phase flows phenomena, chemical reactions/combustion and radiation, able to support the development of advanced gas turbine chamber concepts

This book starts with the invention of the wheel nearly 5000 years ago, and via Archimedes, Aristotle and Hero describes the first practical applications such as water wheels and grinding wheels, pushing on to more rigorous scientific research by inquiring minds such as Leonardo da Vinci and Copernicus in later ages. Newton and Leibniz followed, and beam structures received maximum attention three centuries ago. As focus shifts and related disciplines such as mathematics and physics also develop, slowly turbomachines and rotor and blade dynamics as we know the subject now take shape. While the book traces the events leading to Laval and Parsons Turbines, the emphasis is on rotor and blade dynamics aspects that pushed these turbines to their limits in the last century. The tabular and graphical methods developed in the pre-computer era have taken different form in the last fifty years through finite element methods. The methods evolved in the last century are discussed in detail to help modern day designers and researchers. This book will be useful to young researchers and engineers in industry and educational institutions engaged in rotor and blade dynamics work in understanding the past and the present developments and what is expected in future. Faculty and industry engineers can benefit from this broad perspective history in formulating their developmental plans.

In this book, Yoshimura provides a review of the UHV related development during the last decades. His very broad experience in the design enables him to present us this detailed reference. After a general description how to design UHV systems, he covers all important issue in detail, like pumps, outgasing, Gauges, and Electrodes for high voltages. Thus, this book serves as reference for everybody using UVH in scientific equipment.

This book contains mechanism analysis and synthesis. In mechanism analysis, a mobility methodology is first systematically presented. This methodology, based on the author's screw theory, proposed in 1997, of which the generality and validity was only proved recently, is a very complex issue, researched by various scientists over the last 150 years. The principle of kinematic influence coefficient and its latest developments are described. This principle is suitable for kinematic analysis of various 6-DOF and lower-mobility parallel manipulators. The singularities are classified by a new point of view, and progress in position-singularity and orientation-singularity is stated. In addition, the concept of over-determinate input is proposed and a new method of force analysis based on screw theory is presented. In mechanism synthesis, the synthesis for spatial parallel mechanisms is discussed, and the synthesis method of difficult 4-DOF and 5-DOF symmetric mechanisms, which was first put forward by the author in 2002, is introduced in detail. Besides, the three-order screw system and its space distribution of the kinematic screws for infinite possible motions of lower mobility mechanisms are both analyzed.

Two-fluid dynamics is a challenging subject rich in physics and prac tical applications. Many of the most interesting problems are tied to the loss of stability which is realized in preferential positioning and shaping of the interface, so that interfacial stability is a major player in this drama. Typically, solutions of equations governing the dynamics of two fluids are not uniquely determined by the boundary data and different configurations of flow are compatible with the same data. This is one reason why stability studies are important; we need to know which of the possible solutions are stable to predict what might be observed. When we started our studies in the early 1980's, it was not at all evident that stability theory could actu ally work in the hostile environment of pervasive nonuniqueness. We were pleasantly surprised, even astounded, by the extent to which it does work. There are many simple solutions, called basic flows, which are never stable, but we may always compute growth rates and determine the wavelength and frequency of the unstable mode which grows the fastest. This proce dure appears to work well even in deeply nonlinear regimes where linear theory is not strictly valid, just as Lord Rayleigh showed long ago in his calculation of the size of drops resulting from capillary-induced pinch-off of an inviscid jet.

In the last decade the research in signal analysis was dominated by models that encompass nonstationarity as an important feature. This book presents the results of a workshop held in Grodek Polandin February 2013 which was dedicated to the investigation of cyclostationary signals. Its main objective is to highlight the strong interactions between theory and applications of cyclostationary signals with the use of modern statistical tools.

An important application of cyclostationary signals is the analysis of mechanical signals generated by a vibrating mechanism. Cyclostationary models are very important to perform basic operations on signals in both time and frequency domains. One of the fundamental problems in diagnosis of rotating machine is the identification of significant modulating frequencies that contribute to the cyclostationary nature of the signals. The book shows that there are modern tools available for analyzing cyclostationary signals without the assumption of gaussianity. Those methods are based on the ideas of bootstrap, subsampling and Fraction-of-time (FOT) models. The book is organised in two parts. The first part will be dedicated to pure theory on cyclostationarity. Applications are presented in the second part including several mechanical systems such as bearings, gears, with or without damages."

In a world suffering from an ageing population and declining birth rate, service robotics and mechatronics have an increasingly vital role to play in maintaining a safe and sustainable environment for everyone. Mechatronics can be used in the reconstruction or restoration of various environments which we rely upon to survive; for example the reconstruction of a city after an earthquake, or the restoration of polluted waters This collection of papers was originally presented at the 7th International Conference on Machine Automation, 2008, in Awaji, Japan, and covers a variety of new trends in service robotics and mechatronics. Service Robotics and Mechatronics showcases the latest research in the area to provide researchers and scientists with an up-to-date source of knowledge and basis for further study, as well as offering graduate students valuable reference material.

Two-fluid dynamics is a challenging subject rich in physics and prac tical applications. Many of the most interesting problems are tied to the loss of stability which is realized in preferential positioning and shaping of the interface, so that interfacial stability is a major player in this drama. Typically, solutions of equations governing the dynamics of two fluids are not uniquely determined by the boundary data and different configurations of flow are compatible with the same data. This is one reason why stability studies are important; we need to know which of the possible solutions are stable to predict what might be observed. When we started our studies in the early 1980's, it was not at all evident that stability theory could actu ally work in the hostile environment of pervasive nonuniqueness. We were pleasantly surprised, even astounded, by the extent to which it does work. There are many simple solutions, called basic flows, which are never stable, but we may always compute growth rates and determine the wavelength and frequency of the unstable mode which grows the fastest. This proce dure appears to work well even in deeply nonlinear regimes where linear theory is not strictly valid, just as Lord Rayleigh showed long ago in his calculation of the size of drops resulting from capillary-induced pinch-off of an inviscid jet.

Journal bearings, which are used in all kinds of rotating machinery, do not only support static loads, such as the weight of rotors and load caused by transmitted torque of reduction gears, but are, in addition almost the only machine element that is able to suppress various exciting forces acting on the rotating shaft. As rotating machines have become large and multi-staged, while compactness, high speed, and high output have also been realized in recent years, not only has the bearing load increased, but also the magnitude and variety of exciting forces. Therefore, the role and importance of journal bearings have increased tremendous ly. In particular, for the design of rotating machines with low vibration levels and high reliability, knowledge of the exact characteristic data of bearings, and especial ly of the stiffness or spring coefficients and the damping coefficients of oil films in bearings, is essential. However, the amount of reliable data now applicable to practical design is limited. Through the activity of the Research Subcommittee on Dynamic Charac teristics of Journal Bearings and Their Applications (designated as PSC 28), estab lished and organized in June 1979 through May 1982 within the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME), these coefficients, together with static characteris tics, have been calculated and also measured on a number of new test rigs.

In these years of constant growth and further development for our company, research and development has become more and more important, and has allowed us to be at the forefront in our business sector, where innovation is the obvious and decisive factor. It has therefore been consistent with our everyday business philosophy to involve ourselves deeply in writing and printing this handbook, which is designed to recognize the capacity and hard work of all employees working successfully in the Bonfiglioli Group. The book is intended to be a concrete contribution by Bonfiglioli Riduttori S.p.A. to the development and application of power transmissions. The book is addressed to all who have technical dealings with power transmissions, from university students to engineers active in the workplace. For this reason we have invited the cooperation of four prestigious professionals - Darle W. Dudley, Jacques Sprengers, Dierk SchrOder, and Hajime Yamashina - in the knowledge that only through the cooperation of the leading specialists in the field of power transmissions could we develop a truly useful and helpful handbook. It has been hard work, but we are sure the reader's appreciation will amply reward our efforts.

Responsible for the generation of most of the world's electricity, and with applications to sea and land transport, the steam turbine may be regarded as a pivotal invention in the creation of a technologically advanced modern society. Charles Parsons (1854-1931) built the first practical steam turbine in 1884, and he remained at the forefront of its development for nearly fifty years, as he saw his invention become first the prime means by which thermal energy could be turned into electricity, and then the power behind pioneering cruise liners and warships. Alexander Richardson (1864-1928), an engineer and politician, had access to the inventor's papers when writing this account of the turbine's history. Published in 1911, and featuring more than 170 illustrative plates, it provides a valuable insight into the development of a technology that revolutionised power generation, marine transport and naval warfare.

This international technology assessment study has focused on the emerging global trend toward the miniaturization of manufacturing processes, equipment and systems for microscale components and products. The study has investigated both the state-of-the-art as well as emerging technologies from the scientific, technological, and commercialization perspectives across key industrial sectors in the USA, Asia and Europe.

This book presents the processing of the third edition of the Condition Monitoring of Machinery in Non-Stationary Operations (CMMNO13), which was held in Ferrara, Italy. This yearly event merges an international community of researchers who met - in 2011 in Wroclaw (Poland) and in 2012 in Hammamet (Tunisia) - to discuss issues of diagnostics of rotating machines operating in complex motion and/or load conditions. The growing interest of the industrial world on the topics covered by the CMMNO13 involves the fields of packaging, automotive, agricultural, mining, processing and wind machines in addition to that of the systems for data acquisition. The participation of speakers and visitors from industry makes the event an opportunity for immediate assessment of the potential applications of advanced methodologies for the signal analysis. Signals acquired from machines often contain contributions from several different components as well as noise. Therefore, the major challenge of condition monitoring is to point out the signal content that is related to the state of the monitored component particularly in non-stationary conditions.

This book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in mechanical and aerospace engineering taking a course commonly called Principles of Turbomachinery or Aerospace Propulsion. It begins with a review of basic thermodynamics and fluid mechanics principles to motivate their application to aerothermodynamics and real-life design issues. This approach is ideal for the reader who will face practical situations and design decisions in the gas turbine industry. Among the features of the book are: * An emphasis on the role of entropy in assessing machine performance * A timely review of flow structures * Revisiting the subsonic and supersonic De Laval nozzle as it applies to bladed turbomachinery components * An applied review of boundary layer principles * And highlighting the importance of invariant properties across a turbomachinery component in carrying out real computational tasks. The text is fully supported by over two hundred figures, numerous examples and homework problems.

The Machines of Sex Research describes how researchers worldwide integrated technology into studies of human sexuality in the postwar era. The machines they invented made new ways of seeing bodies possible. Some researchers who studied men used machines like penile strain gauges to police "deviant" male sexuality; others used less painful devices like penis-cameras to study women's sexual responses and map the physiology of their arousal and orgasm. While researchers used the findings from their technological innovations to propose their own views of how people should view their bodies and should manage their sexual lives, their readers interpreted their findings to enact their own visions of sexuality. Drucker shows how the use of machines in sex research provided some of the intellectual underpinnings of the sexual revolution and the women's and gay rights movements, and in turn how the sex research community developed new machines for investigations that would enhance sexual happiness rather than constrict it. The Machines of Sex Research is a key read for those interested in the intersections between human sexuality, technology, and twentieth-century social movements. Describes the little-known history of the machines of human sex research in the postwar era Shows how researchers worldwide invented and used machines to study human sexuality and the body in new ways, and how they used and improved each other's designs Relates the relationship between the machines of sex research to Cold War sexualities and gender and sexual liberation movements.

This book contains the proceedings of HMM2012, the 4th International Symposium on Historical Developments in the field of Mechanism and Machine Science (MMS). These proceedings cover recent research concerning all aspects of the development of MMS from antiquity until the present and its historiography: machines, mechanisms, kinematics, dynamics, concepts and theories, design methods, collections of methods, collections of models, institutions and biographies.

Rotating Machinery, Structural Health Monitoring, Shock and Vibration, Volume 5 Proceedings of the 29th IMAC, A Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics, 2011, the fifth volume of six from the Conference, brings together 35 contributions to this important area of research and engineering. The collection presents early findings and case studies on fundamental and applied aspects of Rotating Machinery, Structural Health Monitoring, as well as Shock and Vibration, along with other structural engineering areas.

This book deals with the functioning of hydrodynamic journal bearings in turbomachinery. It makes particular reference to large turbine generator and marine propulsion plant. Journal-bearing design in this field has been based mainly on experience supplemented by full-scale experimental test. Development is becoming influenced to an increasing extent by research and analysis. Particular attention is given in this book to correlation of research and analytical work with the observed operating characteristics of journal bearings. The physical phenomena in bearings are complicated, and analysis is rendered convenient only by making simplifying assumptions. The engineer must know which assumptions are serviceable and in what operating conditions they may be applied. Current British and European practice in journal bearings is illus trated. An examination is made of steady running characteristics, as predicted by theory and as established by test. Some account is given of the dynamic characteristics of journal bearings and of their in fluence in machine vibration. Service experience of journal bearings is reviewed, and reference is made to possible future trends in develop ment. The book is the outcome of work on turbine plant with Metropolitan Vickers and its successor Associated Electrical Industries. The A.E. . and English Electric activities in this field have recently been incor porated in English Electric-A.E. . Turbine-Generators Ltd. The author expresses his gratitude to the Company for permission to publish the results. He thanks the English Electric Co. Ltd., C. A."

The opportunity of repowering the existing condensing power stations by means of gas turbogenerators offers an important opportunity to considerably improvement of their energy efficiency. The Modernization Potential of Gas turbines in the Coal-Fired Power Industry presents the methodology, calculation procedures and tools used to support enterprise planning for adapting power stations to dual-fuel gas-steam combined-cycle technologies. Both the conceptual and practical aspects of the conversion of existing coal-fired power plants is covered. Discussions of the feasibility, advantages and disadvantages and possible methods are supported by chapters presenting equations of energy efficiency for the conditions of repowering a power unit by installing a gas turbogenerator in a parallel system and the results of technical calculations involving the selection heating structures of heat recovery steam generators. A methodology for analyzing thermodynamic and economic effectiveness for the selection of a structure of the heat recovery steam generator for the repowered power unit is also explained. The Modernization Potential of Gas turbines in the Coal-Fired Power Industry is an informative monograph written for researchers, postgraduate students and policy makers in power engineering.

Rotor dynamics is an important branch of dynamics that deals with behavior of rotating machines ranging from very large systems like power plant rotors, for example, a turbogenerator, to very small systems like a tiny dentist's drill, with a variety of rotors such as pumps, compressors, steam/gas turbines, motors, turbopumps etc. as used for example in process industry, falling in between. The speeds of these rotors vary in a large range, from a few hundred RPM to more than a hundred thousand RPM. Complex systems of rotating shafts depending upon their specific requirements, are supported on different types of bearings. There are rolling element bearings, various kinds of fluid film bearings, foil and gas bearings, magnetic bearings, to name but a few. The present day rotors are much lighter, handle a large amount of energy and fluid mass, operate at much higher speeds, and therefore are most susceptible to vibration and instability problems. This have given rise to several interesting physical phenomena, some of which are fairly well understood today, while some are still the subject of continued investigation. Research in rotor dynamics started more than one hundred years ago. The progress of the research in the early years was slow. However, with the availability of larger computing power and versatile measurement technologies, research in all aspects of rotor dynamics has accelerated over the past decades. The demand from industry for light weight, high performance and reliable rotor-bearing systems is the driving force for research, and new developments in the field of rotor dynamics.

The symposium proceedings contain papers on various important aspects of rotor dynamics such as, modeling, analytical, computational and experimental methods, developments in bearings, dampers, seals including magnetic bearings, rub, impact and foundation effects, turbomachine blades, active and passive vibration control strategies including control of instabilities, nonlinear and parametric effects, fault diagnostics and condition monitoring, and cracked rotors.

This volume is of immense value to teachers, researchers in educational institutes, scientists, researchers in R&D laboratories and practising engineers in industry. "

This volume contains papers presented at the 11th International Conference on Jet Cutting Technology, held at St. Andrews, Scotland, on 8-10 September 1992. Jetting techniques have been successfully applied for many years in the field of cleaning and descaling. Today, however, jet cutting is used in operations as diverse as removing cancerous growths from the human body, decommissioning sunsea installations and disabling explosive munitions. The diversity is reflected in the papers presented at the conference. The papers were divided into several main sections: jetting basics -- materials; jetting basics -- fluid mechanics; mining and quarrying; civil engineering; new developments; petrochem; cleaning and surface treatment; and manufacturing. The high quality of papers presented at the conference has further reinforced its position as the premier event in the field. The volume will be of interest to researchers, developers and manufacturers of systems, equipment users and contractors.

The book is a valuable research tool-kit for innovators, amateur & professionals alike. Additionally, College & University faculties on Engineering, who organize yearly workshops internationally will find hundreds of novel themes to choose from. Some teachers might just secretly buy this book to introduce out-of-box brain-teasers in classroom to add fizz to normal (at times boring) lecturing. The book can be used as main/add-on textbook towards following courses: (1) Master's degree programs on design innovation worldwide and (2) Senior undergraduate courses in industrial, engineering & product design.

Service and maintenance procedures for small generators manufactured before 1990.

"High Performance Grinding and Advanced Cutting Tools" discusses the fundamentals and advances in high performance grinding processes, and provides a complete overview of newly-developing areas in the field. Topics covered are grinding tool formulation and structure, grinding wheel design and conditioning and applications using high performance grinding wheels. Also included are heat treatment strategies for grinding tools, using grinding tools for high speed applications, laser-based and diamond dressing techniques, high-efficiency deep grinding, VIPER grinding, and new grinding wheels.