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Books > Business & Economics > Industry & industrial studies > Primary industries > Fisheries & related industries
In this report knowledge on fish passage from both the biological
and the engineering perspectives, including basic aspect on fish
biology and behaviour relevant to fish migration, different types
of fish passage facilities, ecological and hydrological
requirements for enhancing the effectiveness of fish passages, as
well as the monitoring, evaluation and maintenance of fish
passages, is presented.
In the last decades, the human harvesting of marine resources
became more efficient as the understanding of the habits and
behaviours of the various species available in the sea gradually
increased. Technologies naturally developed over time and fishing
systems became more sophisticated and increasingly adapted to catch
the most desirable species and sizes. This evolution is still in
progress and technological development goes on especially in the
Mediterranean area, where small and relatively old fishing vessels
are traditionally used. These technical advances in fishing gears
have generally led to more efficient fishing operations and
improved access to resources and fishing grounds. On the other
hand, general awareness on the environmental problems due to the
exploitation of fisheries resources has also increased. Therefore,
in order to preserve fishery resources and marine environments,
fishing gears and their impacts need to be further investigated and
less impacting techniques should be developed. In this regard,
fishing technologists are responsible to provide fishery managers
as well as fishermen and stakeholders, with useful advice and
technical solutions for mitigating adverse impacts of fishing
gears. By taking these problems into account, the book contents are
based on the requirements of ecosystem-approach to fisheries
management. The Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries of the
FAO (1995) encouraged the use of selective, environmentally safe
and cost effective gear and techniques. Thus the book aims at
providing information on sustainable fishing technologies, and
transfers the expertise on fishing technology to Mediterranean
fisheries scientists and end-users such as fisheries managers,
administrators, controllers etc. This book is structured to provide
information on fishing gear technology, selectivity, bycatch-impact
reduction and fishing vessel technology, with particular attention
to the Mediterranean context. The information included might be
used to learn how to assess the impacts and selectivity of
different fishing gears and find technical solutions to mitigate
these impacts and to address scientific studies. Furthermore,
advices on the properties of fishing vessels affecting energy
efficiency have been also considered in order to address possible
technical changes to the currents boats. Finally the contents of
this book might be considered as a useful tool when preparing
management measures as well as for the establishment, enforcement
or improvement of fishing rules.
This comprehensive publication "Handbook on Freshwater Aquaculture"
is the collective effort of a wide array of eminent people
associated with Indian aquaculture. Special emphasis has been given
to aquaculture and its prospects and problems in rural India
especially the lesser known areas. The book covers almost all
important aspects of freshwater aquaculture, both traditional and
modern aquaculture techniques, water quality issues, integrated
farming practices, environmental, socio-economic and livelihood
issues. It is expected that the book will prove to a source of
useful information for the needs of students, scholars, farmers and
researchers.
Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing sectors of agriculture
globally. Production in freshwater and marine fisheries has
plateaued or is declining, and the increasing demand for seafood
and need for affordable protein sources in third world countries
will ensure growth of aquaculture in the future. Tilapia are the
second most cultured fish world-wide behind the carps, and even
though they are easily cultured in a wide variety of environments
and are relatively resistant to aquaculture stressors compared to
other cultured finfish species, significant losses to disease still
occur under intensive culture. This book discusses the biology,
management practices and human consumption of tilapia.
In general, aquaculture and fish farming cause negative impacts on
the environment and wild fish populations. One of the major
problems is the escape of farmed fish, especially exotic species,
which can alter the population dynamics and ecology of wild stocks.
Therefore, the reduction or even extinction of natural stocks may
occur through predation and/or competition for resources. This book
discusses the biology, behaviour and conservation strategies of
both carp and catfish.
Japan is one of the world's largest fish-eating countries with a
long history, and has developed its own customs and values in terms
of managing fisheries resources. The first half of this book
introduces the history and institutional features of capture
fisheries management in Japan, with 9 case studies from sub-arctic
to tropical ecosystems, from sedentary to migratory species, and
from small-scale coastal to offshore industrial fisheries. For
example, coastal fisheries management is more community-based, and
local people have the authority and take priority in the
decision-making process. In contrast, offshore fisheries are more
industrialized and commercially oriented, and the national
government plays a major role in their management. One of the main
challenges in world fisheries is to implement the ecosystem
approach, but there is no one-size-fits-all solution for its
implementation. The second half of this book considers the
advantages and limitations of the Japanese fisheries management
regime and discusses the necessary environmental policy measures to
bridge the gaps between fisheries management and ecosystem-based
management. As a case study, management measures in the Shiretoko
World Natural Heritage area are analyzed. In closing, the Grand
Plan of Japanese fisheries policy for the next 20 years and three
future scenarios are presented.
This volume is an interdisciplinary mix of perspectives and studies
on social issues in fisheries from a diverse range of case studies
and research disciplines. The case is made regarding the dearth of
attention to socio-cultural considerations which to date have been
largely treated as an externality of fisheries policy. It will be
valuable to researchers and decision makers interested in
understanding the social dimension of fisheries and provides a
timely and relevant compilation of research and analysis on some of
the critical socio-cultural issues facing fisheries management and
fishing communities today.
I pull on my balaclava and step onto the bridge wing. It's loud
outside- I can hear the rumbles of nine vessels' engines and the
hiss of ten water cannons ...suddenly the bridge is full of
refugees from the upper deck. They are blocking my view out the
back windows, but their faces - afraid, excited, awestruck -
illustrate the looming presence of the Nisshin. I bend my knees and
grip the bench, ready for the crunch. In Blood and Guts, Sam
Vincent plunges into the whale wars. Vincent sets sail with Sea
Shepherd, led by the charismatic and abrasive Paul Watson. He
attends the recent case at the International Court of Justice,
which finds Japan's 'scientific' whaling in the southern Ocean to
be unlawful. And he travels to Japan to investigate why its
government doggedly continues to bankroll the unprofitable hunt.
This is a fresh, funny and intelligent look at how Australia has
become the most vocal anti-whaling nation on Earth. Vincent skewers
hypocrisy and sheds light on motives noble and otherwise. With
Japan planning to relaunch its lethal program in 2015, the whale
wars are set to continue. Blood and Guts is a riveting work of
immersion journalism that lays bare the forces driving this
conflict.
Catch share programs are a fishery management tool that dedicates a
secure share of quota allowing individual fishermen, fishing
cooperatives, fishing communities, or other entities to harvest a
fixed amount of fish. With clearly defined fishing privileges,
fishermen no longer need to "race to fish," but instead can make
harvest decisions based upon market conditions, improving economic
performance, and weather conditions, which improves crew safety.
These incentives can reduce the cost of taking conservation actions
and can encourage individual fishing choices that are more
consistent with sustainable fishing practices such as reducing
low-value or undersized catch that is discarded at sea but is
frequently associated with high mortality rates. The ability to
align fishermen's economic incentives with the long-term biological
health of the fishery singularly distinguishes catch share programs
from traditional fishery management strategies (i.e., trip limits,
gear restrictions, etc.). Nationwide, there are 15 catch share
programs currently in operation. This book provides basic
information on the economic performance of U.S. catch share
programs using a standard set of indicators that are uniformly
applied across these highly diverse programs.
This informative new volume on the reproduction and development of
zebrafish provides a timely and fundamental set of chapters
presenting new data and critical reviews to the novice student and
veteran researcher alike. It covers two major areas of zebrafish
biology, reproduction and development, with toxicology emphasised
in a number of chapters. Historically, reproductive biology of
zebrafish has not been given the attention afforded to the more
intensively studied aspects of embryonic development in this model
species. In part, this may be due to fewer tools available to
zebrafish reproductive biologists. However, with the advent of
transparent juvenile and adult lines, new areas of reproduction
research become visible both figuratively and literally. Two
chapters are devoted to presenting these exciting new fish lines
and examples of their use in research to the reproductive biology
research community. Reproduction and embryonic development are a
continuum which is emphasised in a new review on RNA-binding
proteins in the zebrafish oocyte. It is increasingly clear that
embryonic development is dependent upon factors present in the
female gamete known collectively as "maternal effects", and these
oocyte components are beautifully summarised in this chapter. Other
chapters cover normal spawning periodicity and vitellogenic oocyte
growth dynamics that should interest ovarian physiologists and
those interested in zebrafish husbandry.
This book provides a good mix of both basic and applied topics in
the hope that it will be useful and of interest to scientists
working on finfish. It has 15 chapters written by 27 contributors
and many of them are highly respected scientists. Given the global
importance of salmon, contributors are from many countries
including 11 from Japan and Russia. These authors bring slightly
different and important perspectives to the book, and their
expertise and research may not be known to many young scientists in
Europe and in the Americas. The volume starts with an overview of
salmon, their economic and social importance, and their impacts on
the environment. Subsequent topics include morphological,
physiological and behavioural differences between wild and farmed
salmon; growth, food utilisation and water flow requirements of
wild and hatchery salmon; the real and potential ecological impacts
of sea cages and hatcheries; the potential use of waste product
(gelatine) from the salmon industry; salmon behaviour and genetics
including their broad applications that contribute to our
understanding of fish biology, and nutritional and anti-nutritional
factors in salmon culture. There are also chapters on environmental
impacts and the economic importance of the commercial fishery and
salmon farming industry; these are very important components of the
industry, especially to the seafood sector.
Narrowing in from the broader context of the north Atlantic,
through northern Europe, to Britain, northeast Scotland, and
finally the fishing village of Gamrie, this anthropology of
Protestantism examines millennialist faith and economic crisis.
Through his ethnographic study of the fishermen and their religious
beliefs, Webster speaks to larger debates about religious
radicalism, materiality, economy, language, and the symbolic. These
debates (occurring within the ostensibly secular context of
contemporary Scotland) also call into question assumptions about
the decline of religion in modern industrial societies. By
chronicling how these individuals experience life as "enchanted,"
this book explores the global processes of religious conversion,
economic crisis, and political struggle.
Following from Fish for Life Interactive Governance for
Fisheries (Kooiman et al., 2005), which presents an
interdisciplinary and intersectoral approach to the governance of
capture and aquaculture fisheries, this volume pursues what
interactive governance theory and the governability perspective
contribute to the resolution of key fisheries problems, these
include overfishing, unemployment and poverty, food insecurity, and
social injustice. Since these problems are varied and can be felt
among governments, resource users and communities globally,
thediagnosis must be holistic, and take account of principles,
institutions, and operational conditions. The authors argue that
wicked problems and institutional limitations are inherent to each
setting, and must be included in the analysis. The volume thereby
offers a new lens and a systematic approach for analysing the
nature of problems and challenges concerning the governance of
fisheries, explores where these problems are situated, and how
potential solutions may be found.""
" It now seems clear that the crisis in the world s fisheries
is] a much larger and more complex problem than many had imagined.
Yet, examining it through the lens of governability may offer the
best hope for alleviating it--as well as alleviating similar crises
in other social systems. "James R. McGoodwin (Professor Emeritus,
University of Colorado)
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