A trawlerman's life was hard, often up against bad weather, rough seas and black frosts, although on calm days it was a pleasure to be at sea. In this eventful memoir, deep-sea trawlerman James Greene relates his life at sea, from his childhood when his father would take him out in some of the worst gales and hurricanes imaginable to his early career as a deckhand learner, obtaining his skipper's ticket, and the many experiences - both disastrous and otherwise - to occur throughout his time at sea. During his career he was involved in ship collisions and fires, arrested for poaching, fired upon by Icelandic gunboats, in countless storms and even swept overboard in icy conditions off the Russian coast. The British trawling industry is largely a bygone age and people are beginning to forget the adventures, hardships and joys that characterised this most dangerous of professions. This book seeks to keep the memories of a once great industry alive.

Recreational fishing in the United States is an important social and economic component of many marine fisheries, with an estimated 14 million anglers making almost 82 million fishing trips in 2004. Although each individual angler typically harvests a small number of fish, collectively these sport fisheries can take a significant fraction of the yearly catch-in some cases more than commercial fisheries. For example, in 1999, recreational fishing accounted for 94% of the total catch of spotted sea trout, 76% of striped bass and sheephead, and 60 percent of king mackerel. It is important that systems used to monitor fishing catch are adequate for timely management of recreational fisheries. However, the large number of anglers and access points makes monitoring recreational fishing much more difficult than monitoring commercial fishing. This report reviews the types of survey methods used to estimate catch in recreational fisheries, including state/federal cooperative programs. The report finds that both telephone survey and onsite access components of the current monitoring systems have serious flaws in design or implementation. There are also several areas of miscommunication and mismatched criteria among designers of surveys, data collectors, and recreational fisheries. The report recommends that a comprehensive, universal sampling frame with national coverage should be established, and that improvements should be made in statistical analysis of the data collected and in the ways the data are communicated. A permanent and independent research group should be established and funded to evaluate the statistical design and adequacy of recreational fishery surveys and to guide necessary modifications or new initiatives. Table of Contents Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 Current Situation and Problems in Effort and Catch Estimation 3 Removal Estimation: Alternative Survey Design and Analysis Method 4 Data Requirements for Population Assessment 5 Human Dimensions 6 Program Management and Support 7 Communication and Outreach References Appendix A: Committee and Staff Biographies Appendix B: Existing Marine Recreational Fisheries Surveys Appendix C: Fisheries Case Studies Appendix D: Acronyms

Offers a perspective of northern native societies that have depended upon whaling for centuries. Alaskan and Western Canadian Arctic coastal residents have pursued these animals as sources of food and fuel, but whaling also serves as a center for cultural traditional and spiritual sustenance. Papers by: Rober K. Harritt, Carol Zane Jolles, and Allen P. McCartney; Owen K. Mason and S. Craig Gerlach; Roger K. Harritt; Don E. Dumond; Linda Finn Yarborough; Allen P. McCartney; T. Max Friesen and Charles D. Arnold; James M. Savelle; David R. Yesner; Hans-Georg Bandi; Glenn W. Sheehan; Mary Ann Larson; Carol Zane Jolles; Stephen R. Braund and Elisabeth L. Moorehead; Howard W. Braham; Carol Zane Jolles; and Herbert O. Anungazuk.

During the first half of the twentieth century, Canadian fisheries regularly produced more fish than markets could absorb, driving down profits and wages. To address this, both industry and government sought to stimulate domestic consumption via increased advertising. In Eating the Ocean Brian Payne explores how government-funded marketing called upon Canadian housewives to prepare more seafood meals to improve family health and aid an industry central to Canadian identity and heritage. The goal was first to make seafood a central element of a "wholesome" diet as a solution to a perceived nutritional crisis, and, second, to aid industry recovery and growth while decreasing Canadian fisheries' dependency on foreign markets. But fishery managers and policymakers fundamentally miscalculated consumer demand, wrongly assuming that Canadians could and would eat more seafood. Fisheries continued to extract more fish than the environment and the market could sustain, and the collapse of the nation's fisheries that we are now seeing has as much to do with failed assessments of market demand as it does with faulty extraction practices. Using internal communications between industry leaders and Ottawa bureaucrats, as well as advertising and promotional material published in the nation's leading magazines, national and local newspapers, and radio programming, Eating the Ocean traces the flawed understanding of not only supply but demand, a misguided gamble that caused fisheries to become the most mismanaged resource economy in early-twentieth-century Canada.

This open access volume examines how international institutions set up to manage marine living resources are adapting to the effects of climate change on the geographic distribution of these resources. In the Barents Sea, the world’s biggest cod stock is expanding north-eastwards, while in the Nordic Seas significant changes in abundance, distribution and migration patterns can be observed in the world’s largest stocks for mackerel and herring. In the Antarctic, increasing temperatures and the associated declines in sea ice, ocean acidification and changes in circulation is likely to affect the geographical distribution of krill, the keystone species of Southern Ocean ecosystems. These developments put established international management regimes under pressure. In this interdisciplinary research volume, world-leading marine biologists, international lawyers and political scientists join efforts to study the resilience of Arctic and Antarctic marine resource management institutions to large-scale shifts of major marine stocks. The eBook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com.

The sea and its relation to human life has always been a subject of fascination for historians. For the first time, this book looks at the field of Maritime History through the prism of identity, looking at how the sea has influenced the formation of identity at a national, local and individual level from the early modern age to the present. It looks at a variety of people who interacted with the sea in different ways, from merchant sailors to naval officers and on land, from dockworkers to the civilians who participated in the sea-based festivals in the Mediterranean port city of Messina. This volume has a cultural focus, with chapters exploring the cultural construction of the 'naval hero' in literature, poetry, music and art, and an appraisal of the Japanese author and journalist Masanori, whose works had such a profound influence on Japanese national identity after the Second World War. A key focus is on the ways the Royal Navy influenced British identity at a national and regional level, but this volume also explores other countries with a strong naval tradition, such as Japan, Italy and Germany. By bringing together a variety of themes related to identity, this book provides the first attempt to thoroughly analyse the ways in which maritime historians have engaged with the question of identity in recent years. In doing so, it provides an important and unique addition to the historiography, which will be essential reading for all scholars of maritime and naval history and those concerned with the question of identity.

Off the Pacific coast of South America, nutrients mingle with cool waters rising from the ocean’s depths, creating one of the world’s most productive marine ecosystems: the Humboldt Current. When the region’s teeming populations of fish were converted into a key ingredient in animal feed—fishmeal—it fueled the revolution in chicken, hog, and fish farming that swept the United States and northern Europe after World War II. The Fishmeal Revolution explores industrialization along the Peru-Chile coast as fishmeal producers pulverized and exported unprecedented volumes of marine proteins to satisfy the growing taste for meat among affluent consumers in the Global North. A relentless drive to maximize profits from the sea occurred at the same time that Peru and Chile grappled with the challenge of environmental uncertainty and its potentially devastating impact. In this exciting new book, Kristin A. Wintersteen offers an important history and critique of the science and policy that shaped the global food industry.

En la edicion de 2020 de El estado mundial de la pesca y la acuicultura se hace especialmente hincapie en la sostenibilidad. Esto refleja una serie de consideraciones especificas. Primero, en 2020 se celebra el 25. aniversario del Codigo de Conducta para la Pesca Responsable (en adelante, "el Codigo"). En segundo lugar, varios indicadores de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible deben alcanzarse en 2020. Tercero, la FAO acogio el Simposio Internacional sobre la Sostenibilidad de la Pesca a finales de 2019; y, en cuarto lugar, en 2020 se finalizaran las directrices especificas de la FAO sobre el crecimiento sostenible de la acuicultura y sobre la sostenibilidad social a lo largo de las cadenas de valor. Si bien la Parte 1 mantiene el formato de las ediciones anteriores, se ha revisado la estructura del resto de la publicacion. La Parte 2 se abre con una seccion especial relativa al 25. aniversario del Codigo. Tambien se centra en las cuestiones que han pasado a primer plano, en particular aquellas relacionadas con el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 14 y sus indicadores, de los que la FAO es el organismo "responsable". Ademas, la Parte 2 abarca diversos aspectos de la sostenibilidad de la pesca y la acuicultura. Los temas tratados son muy variados, desde sistemas de datos e informacion hasta contaminacion de los oceanos, la legalidad de los productos, los derechos de los usuarios y la adaptacion al cambio climatico. La Parte 3 es ahora la ultima parte de la publicacion, y abarca previsiones y cuestiones emergentes como nuevas tecnologias y la bioseguridad de la acuicultura. Se concluye esbozando los pasos hacia una nueva vision de la pesca de captura. La publicacion El estado mundial de la pesca y la acuicultura tiene como finalidad proporcionar informacion objetiva, fiable y actualizada para una amplia variedad de lectores que incluye responsables de la formulacion de politicas, administradores, cientificos, partes interesadas y todas las personas que tengan interes en el sector de la pesca y la acuicultura.

This extraordinary book is the result of over three decades of Dr. Krisna Rungruangsak-Torrissens career at the Institute of Marine Research in Norway. The book provides new insights into a series of growth mechanisms in aquatic living resources through the digestion and utilization of dietary protein for growth and maturation. Section One shows the initial success of the relationships between genetic variations in trypsin phenotypes, growth, and feed efficiency; additionally, the isoelectric focusing technique to differentiate trypsin phenotypes has been developed. Section Two shows the other successes concerning the effects of temperatures and consumption rates on trypsin phenotypes, growth, and feed efficiency, wherein the first evidence of temperature preferences on feed efficiency and growth dependent on trypsin phenotypes of individuals has been observed. The unique studies of digestive efficiency and growth status have been developed through the activity ratio of trypsin to chymotrypsin (T/C ratio) for growth potential, with the new knowledge of chymotrypsin involving limited and reduced growth rates. Section Three shows insight into the utilization of dietary protein through absorption and transport of free amino acids (FAA), indicating that the levels of plasma FAA and white muscle FAA are dependent on trypsin phenotypes and dietary protein quality. The new buffers of the HPLC system for differentiating more than 40 physiological FAA in biological tissues have been developed. A possibility of white muscle free-hydroxyproline levels related to growth rate has been observed. Section Four explains protein growth efficiency dependent on the genetics of growth capacity and dietary protein levels, whereas a higher level can increase skeletal growth (length) resulting in lower condition factors. The new determinations of RNA and protein by single separation have been developed. Section Five shows the first success on studies of maturation rate in females through active oocyte protein breakdown, using the activity ratio of trypsin-like to chymotrypsin-like (T/C ratio) oocytes. Sections Six and Seven show the in vitro digestibility techniques using dialyzed crude digestive enzyme extracts for quality assessments of dietary protein and carbohydrates, uniquely standardized with respect to the activities of trypsin and amylase, respectively, for comparisons among different enzyme extracts. It is evident that dietary protein is the primary important nutrient while dietary carbohydrates are the secondary important nutrients, regardless of animal feeding habits (carnivores, omnivores, herbivores). Section Eight illustrates the uniqueness of the different biochemical techniques for implementations in natural marine ecosystems of the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea, including the development of a neural computational model through digestive efficiency for future studies of aquatic living resources without knowing their histories concerning food availability and growth. Section Nine concludes the importance and usefulness of the biochemical techniques, and describes how to collect the samples. The knowledge from this book can be beneficial for lecturers, researchers, undergraduate and graduate students, and any readers who are interested in nutritional biochemistry. It will provide new perspectives, ideas, and inspiration for finding a new way to make a difference in doing research.

Longhurst examines the proposition, central to fisheries science, that a fishery creates its own natural resource by the compensatory growth it induces in the fish, and that this is sustainable. His novel analysis of the reproductive ecology of bony fish of cooler seas offers some support for this, but a review of fisheries past and present confirms that sustainability is rarely achieved. The relatively open structure and strong variability of marine ecosystems is discussed in relation to the reliability of resources used by the industrial-level fishing that became globalised during the 20th century. This was associated with an extraordinary lack of regulation in most seas, and a widespread avoidance of regulation where it did exist. Sustained fisheries can only be expected where social conditions permit strict regulation and where politicians have no personal interest in outcomes despite current enthusiasm for ecosystem-based approaches or for transferable property rights.

The Polar North is known to be home to large gas and oil reserves and its positionholds signifi cant trading and military advantages, yet the maritime boundaries of the region remain ill-defined. In the twenty-first century the Arctic is undergoing profound change. As the sea ice melts, a result of accelerating climate change, global governance has become vital. In this first of three volumes, the latest research and analysis from the Fridtjof Nansen Institute, the world's leading Arctic research body, is brought together. Arctic Governance: Law and Politics investigates the legal and political order of the Polar North, focusing on governance structures and the Law of the Sea. Are the current mechanisms at work effective? Are the Arctic states' interests really clashing, or is the atmosphere of a more cooperative nature? Skilfully delineating policy in the region and analysing the consequences of treaty agreements, Arctic Governance's uncovering of a rather orderly 'Arctic race' will become an indispensable contribution to contemporary International Relations concerning the Polar North.

This book discusses the harvesting, prevalence and benefits of tilapia and trout. Chapter One begins with a review of the risks and benefits of tilapia. Chapter Two provides a human health risk assessment of heavy metals in the consumption of the fish. Chapter Three studies the utilisation of by-products and waste generated from the tilapia processing industry. Chapter Four reviews thermal ecology of brown trout and the climate change challenge. Chapter Five examines reparative neurogenesis in the adult trout brain and peculiarity of development in the trout's brain cells in primary culture. Chapter Six focuses on the effects of plant-based feeds on the immune responses of rainbow trout.

Recreational fishing is a traditional American pastime integral to social, cultural, and economic life in coastal communities across the nation. This time-honored activity allows millions access to Americas great outdoors each year, while generating billions of dollars in economic activity. Traditionally shaped by commercial forces, demographic, market, and ecological shifts are changing the nature of U.S. fisheries. Our nations expansive coastal and ocean resources face increasing pressure as coastal populations grow, and more people pursue recreational opportunities in ecologically important marine and estuarine areas. The purpose of this book is to provide guidance for Agency consideration in its deliberations pertaining to development and maintenance of enduring and sustainable high quality saltwater recreational fisheries. This policy identifies goals and guiding principles to be integrated into NOAAs National Marine Fisheries Service's (NMFS) planning, budgeting, decision-making, and activities, and includes examples of implementation concepts and strategies supported by NMFS. Moreover, this book provides a detailed overview of the operating structure of the average Northeast for-hire head boat and charter boat, and estimates the economic activity that for-hire businesses contribute to the Northeasts economy as measured by total employment, labor income, and sales. Lastly, this book examines challenges that have been identified with the NMFS' data collection efforts for managing marine recreational fisheries and steps the agency has taken to improve data collection and challenges that remain.

The first large-scale study of the important, but as yet largely invisible, group of Icelandic women who live on the sea -- their lives, contributions, and knowledge. It is based on extensive historical research and fieldwork, including formal and informal discussions with hundreds of seawomen who fished from the 1950s to the present day. These women have held positions at all levels of the on-sea fishing industry, from skipper and engineer to deckhand and cook, in all sectors and tonnages of ships, and in all areas of the country. A rich historical record in Iceland has preserved accounts of helmswomen taking the tiller in the roughest weather, women consistently bringing in the best catches, female captains hiring all-female crews, and seawomen giving birth at sea or just upon reaching shore. The books narrative structure focuses on the womens voices, letting the realities and complexities of their lives come through lived experience. It will appeal to general readers interested in Iceland as a unique country with a booming tourist trade, in fishing, in stories of the sea and the people who live on it, in adventure, and in what happens when women work in a realm generally considered male-dominated. The author has collaborated with the Reykjavik Maritime Museum for the current exhibition on the seawomen of Iceland.

Winner of the 2014 Albert Corey Prize from the American Historical Association Winner of the 2013 Hal Rothman Award from the Western History Association Winner of the 2013 John Lyman Book Award in the Naval and Maritime Science and Technology category from the North American Society for Oceanic History For centuries, borders have been central to salmon management customs on the Salish Sea, but how those borders were drawn has had very different effects on the Northwest salmon fishery. Native peoples who fished the Salish Sea--which includes Puget Sound in Washington State, the Strait of Georgia in British Columbia, and the Strait of Juan de Fuca--drew social and cultural borders around salmon fishing locations and found ways to administer the resource in a sustainable way. Nineteenth-century Euro-Americans, who drew the Anglo-American border along the forty-ninth parallel, took a very different approach and ignored the salmon's patterns and life cycle. As the canned salmon industry grew and more people moved into the region, class and ethnic relations changed. Soon illegal fishing, broken contracts, and fish piracy were endemic--conditions that contributed to rampant overfishing, social tensions, and international mistrust. The Nature of Borders is about the ecological effects of imposing cultural and political borders on this critical West Coast salmon fishery. This transnational history provides an understanding of the modern Pacific salmon crisis and is particularly instructive as salmon conservation practices increasingly approximate those of the pre-contact Native past. The Nature of Borders reorients borderlands studies toward the Canada-U.S. border and also provides a new view of how borders influenced fishing practices and related management efforts over time. Watch the book trailer: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ffLPgtCYHA&feature=channel_video_title

Fishing for a Solution provides a detailed, policy-based account of the development of Canada's fisheries relations with the European Union. It covers over 35 years of this contentious international relationship, from the extension of Canada's fisheries jurisdiction to 200 miles in 1977 and the creation of the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) two years later, to the development of a proposed new NAFO Convention in 2007, which awaits formal approval. Based on the experience of participants from inside the deliberations and negotiations, the book explores the impact of Canada's internal politics on international fisheries negotiations. For anyone interested in the workings of Canadian foreign policy, resource policy or in the complexities of managing international relations, it offers a unique account of the development of Canada-EU fisheries relations, blending the academic perspective of a long--time student of those relations with the insights of two former senior public servants who led the international affairs directorate of Canada's Department of Fisheries and Oceans .

After the Supreme Court of Canada's 1999 Marshall decision recognized Mi'kmaw fishers' treaty right to fish, the fishers entered the inshore lobster fishery across Atlantic Canada. At Burnt Church/Esgenoopetitj, New Brunswick, the Mi'kmaw fishery provoked violent confrontations with neighbours and the Canadian government. Over the next two years, boats, cottages, and a sacred grove were burned, people were shot at and beaten, boats rammed and sunk, roads barricaded, and the local wharf occupied. Based on 12 months of ethnographic field work in Burnt Church/Esgenoopetitj, Fishing in Contested Waters explores the origins of this dispute and the beliefs and experiences that motivated the locals involved in it. Weaving the perspectives of Native and non-Native people together, Sarah J. King examines the community as a contested place, simultaneously Mi'kmaw and Canadian. Drawing on philosophy and indigenous, environmental, and religious studies, Fishing in Contested Waters demonstrates the deep roots of contemporary conflicts over rights, sovereignty, conservation, and identity.

The fishing industry has always been important to Britain. From the deepsea trawlers to the traditional craft that sailed around the coast, the harbours of the West Coast, Irish Sea and Bristol Channel were once full of craft, large and small, which employed men and women in their thousands. The third volume of Mike Smylie's Fishing Industry Through Time covers from the Solway Firth all the way to Hartland Point in Devon. Fishing was not just about the boats involved but also the people and Mike Smylie gives an insight into the lives of those who worked the boats, who repaired the nets and who gutted and sold the fish. From the mighty trawling port of Fleetwood to salmon fishing on the River Dee, from herring to prawns and cockles, he gives us a rare insight into an almost-lost industry that once employed huge numbers.

Due to the intensity of research in the field warm water fish nutrition in Egypt, the decision was made to conduct the last fish nutrition in publication a book. The subcommittee on warm water fish nutrition considered the scope of earlier publication and determined that some expansion of both scope and content was justified consequently. The present book includes considerably more background in the field of fish nutrition. The title of this publication reflects the expansion in species coverage.

Highly migratory species (HMS) are fish stocks that often have trans-oceanic movements and life cycles. Tunas, billfishes, swordfish, and sharks are taxa which comprise HMS. Historically, pelagic shark population dynamics and biology have been difficult to study given their migratory nature and open-ocean habitat. Displaying large-scale migration patterns and crossing international management boundaries, pelagic sharks are susceptible to many international fisheries at various life stages. Pelagic sharks are slow-growing, late-maturing, long-lived, and produce few offspring, resulting in slower and much more reduced population recruitment than most marine species. These life history characteristics make pelagic sharks vulnerable to overexploitation by global commercial and recreational fisheries and elevate concerns of their long-term survival. While it is widely accepted that pelagic sharks are K-selected species and at-risk to overfishing throughout various life stages, domestic and international fishery managers have yet to develop effective methodologies for managing pelagic sharks. Most shark species are classified as fully fished, overexploited, already depleted, or commercially extinct. Others are poorly researched and their stock status is classified as uncertain and unknown. Despite there are no current directed pelagic shark fisheries in most parts of the world, demand for shark products (e.g., shark fins) and landings continue to increase and more countries are now reporting shark landings than at any other time. In fact, even without estimating or understanding the virgin (i.e., before commercial fishing) population, most scientific population assessments demonstrate that pelagic shark populations over the last three to four decades have declined to levels that are alarming. Compelling scientific evidence suggests that there are a number of sharks that are in danger of extinction. Some species of pelagic sharks, such as porbeagle (Lamna nasus) and shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) sharks are already listed under the international trade regulatory regime of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Given these dramatic population declines, new scientific evidence also suggests that the loss of apex predators throughout the world's oceans has even changed trophic dynamics in certain geographical areas which is having striking impacts on unique marine ecosystems such as coral reefs. In the past, pelagic sharks have received little attention by domestic and international fishery managers considering their lower economic value in comparison to other HMS. Along with the lack of life history information, pelagic shark population modelling has been limited by small data sets, inaccurate dependent fisheries information, and the lack of independent fishery data. Today, many positive advances have been made in pelagic shark research, domestic management plans, and the implementation of various international agreements for shark conservation and management; however, additional domestic and international protection is imperative for the survival, recovery, and conservation of pelagic sharks. In addition, even with the improvement of pelagic shark life history information, better commercial fisheries data, and the development and application of advanced population assessment techniques; assessment models are problematic. Among various topics, this book reviews and discusses some of the limitations for the use of population models in pelagic shark management. This book reviews the current scientific information and finds that there are some new statistical, biological, and practical approaches to understanding the effects of fishing on pelagic shark populations. Moreover, new shark avoidance measures show promise for reducing shark by catch in commercial fisheries. Discussions and recommendations are included for most of these new conservation and management approaches which might be hopeful for improving global pelagic shark populations. Overall, this book demonstrates that even with conservative management and the use of advanced population models, most pelagic sharks can not be sustainably exploited for very long, if at all. Unlike any other previous shark book, this book was specifically intended for the use by domestic and international pelagic shark fishery managers. The book highlights a historical perspective on shark conservation, but the focus of the book is on the importance of improving current modelling applications and management approaches. Overall, the book provides a review of the past, present, and the future needs of pelagic shark conservation and management.

Globalization is a multidimensional issue, and its impacts on world resources cross and integrate environmental, economic, political and cultural boundaries. Over the last few decades, the push towards globalization has brought a new dimension in which managers of fisheries and water resources will need to operate, both at the local and global level of governance. In order to effectively address the future sustainability of these resources, it is critical to understand the driving factors of globalization and their effect on fisheries ecosystems and the people who depend on these resources for their cultural and societal well-being. This 2007 book discusses the social and political changes affecting fisheries, the changes to ecological processes due to direct and indirect impacts of globalization, the changing nature of the goods and services that fisheries ecosystems are able to provide, and the resultant changes in markets and economic assessment of our fishery resources.

For thousands of years, Pacific salmon have been the focus for the economic and social development of societies, both ancient and modern, around the rim of the North Pacific Ocean. Conducting lengthy oceanic migrations, the salmon pass through coastal waters of Alaska, British Columbia, and the northwest United States, completing their last journeys to their rivers of origin where they spawn and die. In dense homeward aggregations, they form lucrative targets for Canadian and United States fishermen who compete vigorously as the migrations pass southeastward. Beginning late in the 19th century and culminating in the 1985 Pacific Salmon Treaty, Canada and the United States carried out long and contentious negotiations to provide a framework for cooperation for conserving and sharing the vitally important Pacific salmon resource. The 1985 Pacific Salmon Treaty traces the history of the tumultuous negotiations, providing an insider's perspective on the many complex issues that were addressed. It concludes with a brief assessment of the treaty's performance under the difficult economic and environmental circumstances that have prevailed in the fishery since 1985. interest to the Canadian and United States fishing communities affected by the treaty, to the general public, politicians, and fisheries specialists in both countries concerned with stewardship of natural resources, and to scholars of international law and regional history.

Whales inspire great fascination in the public culture of industrialized nations. Images of majestic and mysterious creatures of the sea, hunted to or nearly to tragic extinction in a emblematic example of human excess, have fueled the economic and cultural power of this century's global movement to end whale hunting. However, this political movement, and the ecological research it initiated, has largely ignored the experience of Native circumpolar communities, whose vast knowledge of whales and whaling has evolved through centuries of integrated cultural and economic practices rooted in the ethics of subsistence consumption and sustainability. Today, the Inuit find themselves struggling with international management regimes which, while they have been successful in curbing the destruction of large-scale, commercial whaling enterprises, have imposed policies that are insensitive to the needs and traditions of Native subsistence hunters. Inuit, Whaling, and Sustainability is based on extensive ethnographic, ecological, and policy research sponsored by the Inuit Circumpolar Conference, and presents Inuit perspectives on the integral role whales play in cultural, economic, philosophical, and nutritional aspects of Inuit life. This book is also the first major publication to engage in policy analysis, and formulate modes of environmental research, grounded in Inuit voices and realities. Sponsored by the Inuit Circumpolar Conference