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Books > History > World history > From 1900
The Franklin Book Programs (FBP) was a private not-for-profit U.S.
organization founded in 1952 during the Cold War and was subsidized
by the United States' government agencies as well as private
corporations. The FBP was initially intended to promote U.S.
liberal values, combat Soviet influence and to create appropriate
markets for U.S. books in 'Third World' of which the Middle East
was an important part, but evolved into an international
educational program publishing university textbooks, schoolbooks,
and supplementary readings. In Iran, working closely with the
Pahlavi regime, its activities included the development of
printing, publishing, book distribution, and bookselling
institutions. This book uses archival sources from the FBP, US
intelligence agencies and in Iran, to piece together this
relationship. Put in the context of wider cultural diplomacy
projects operated by the US, it reveals the extent to which the
programme shaped Iran's educational system. Together the history of
the FBP, its complex network of state and private sector, the role
of U.S. librarians, publishers, and academics, and the joint
projects the FBP organized in several countries with the help of
national ministries of education, financed by U.S. Department of
State and U.S. foundations, sheds new light on the long history of
education in imperialist social orders, in the context here of the
ongoing struggle for influence in the Cold War.
The Siege of Sarajevo remains the longest siege in modern European
history, lasting three times longer than the Battle of Stalingrad
and over a year longer than the Siege of Leningrad. Reporting the
Siege of Sarajevo provides the first detailed account of the
reporting of this siege and the role that journalists played in
highlighting both military and non-military aspects of it. The book
draws on detailed primary and secondary material in English and
Bosnian, as well as extensive interviews with international
correspondents who covered events in Sarajevo from within siege
lines. It also includes hitherto unpublished images taken by the
co-author and award-winning photojournalist, Paul Lowe. Together
Morrison and Lowe document a relatively short but crucial period in
both the history of Bosnia & Herzegovina, the city of Sarajevo
and the profession of journalism. The book provides crucial
observations and insights into an under-researched aspect of a
critical period in Europe's recent history.
Samizdat, the production and circulation of texts outside official
channels, was an integral part of life in the final decades of the
Soviet Union. But as Josephine von Zitzewitz explains, while much
is known about the texts themselves, little is available on the
complex communities and cultures that existed around them due to
their necessarily secretive, and sometimes dissident, nature. By
analysing the behaviours of different actors involved in Samizdat -
readers, typists, librarians and the editors of periodicals in
1970s Leningrad, The Culture of Samizdat fills this lacuna in
Soviet history scholarship. Crucially, as well as providing new
insight into Samizdat texts, the book makes use of oral and written
testimonies to examine the role of Samizdat activists and employs
an interdisciplinary theoretical approach drawing on both the
sociology of reading and book history. In doing so, von Zitzewitz
uncovers the importance of 'middlemen' for Samizdat culture.
Diligently researched and engagingly written, this book will be of
great value to scholars of Soviet cultural history and Russian
literary studies alike.
In The People's Zion, Joel Cabrita tells the transatlantic story of
Southern Africa's largest popular religious movement, Zionism. It
began in Zion City, a utopian community established in 1900 just
north of Chicago. The Zionist church, which promoted faith healing,
drew tens of thousands of marginalized Americans from across racial
and class divides. It also sent missionaries abroad, particularly
to Southern Africa, where its uplifting spiritualism and
pan-racialism resonated with urban working-class whites and blacks.
Circulated throughout Southern Africa by Zion City's missionaries
and literature, Zionism thrived among white and black workers drawn
to Johannesburg by the discovery of gold. As in Chicago, these
early devotees of faith healing hoped for a color-blind society in
which they could acquire equal status and purpose amid demoralizing
social and economic circumstances. Defying segregation and later
apartheid, black and white Zionists formed a uniquely cosmopolitan
community that played a key role in remaking the racial politics of
modern Southern Africa. Connecting cities, regions, and societies
usually considered in isolation, Cabrita shows how Zionists on
either side of the Atlantic used the democratic resources of
evangelical Christianity to stake out a place of belonging within
rapidly-changing societies. In doing so, they laid claim to nothing
less than the Kingdom of God. Today, the number of American
Zionists is small, but thousands of independent Zionist churches
counting millions of members still dot the Southern African
landscape.
Russia's brutal February 2022 invasion of Ukraine has attracted
widespread condemnation across the West. Government and media
circles present the conflict as a simple dichotomy between an evil
empire and an innocent victim. In this concise, accessible and
highly informative primer, Medea Benjamin and Nicolas Davies insist
the picture is more complicated. Yes, Russia's aggression was
reckless and, ultimately, indefensible. But the West's reneging on
promises to halt eastward expansion of NATO in the wake of the
collapse of the Soviet Union played a major part in prompting Putin
to act. So did the U.S. involvement in the 2014 Ukraine coup and
Ukraine's failure to implement the Minsk peace agreements. The
result is a conflict that is increasingly difficult to resolve, one
that could conceivably escalate into all-out war between the United
States and Russia-the world's two leading nuclear powers.
Skillfully bringing together the historical record and current
analysis, War In Ukraine looks at the events leading up to the
conflict, surveys the different parties involved, and weighs the
risks of escalation and opportunities for peace. For anyone who
wants to get beneath the heavily propagandized media coverage to an
understanding of a war with consequences that could prove
cataclysmic, reading this timely book will be an urgent necessity.
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