Communities of Computing is the first book-length history of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), founded in 1947 and with a membership today of 100,000 worldwide. It profiles ACM's notable SIGs, active chapters, and individual members, setting ACM's history into a rich social and political context. The book's 12 core chapters are organized into three thematic sections. "Defining the Discipline" examines the 1960s and 1970s when the field of computer science was taking form at the National Science Foundation, Stanford University, and through ACM's notable efforts in education and curriculum standards. "Broadening the Profession" looks outward into the wider society as ACM engaged with social and political issues - and as members struggled with balancing a focus on scientific issues and awareness of the wider world. Chapters examine the social turbulence surrounding the Vietnam War, debates about the women's movement, efforts for computing and community education, and international issues including professionalization and the Cold War. "Expanding Research Frontiers" profiles three areas of research activity where ACM members and ACM itself shaped notable advances in computing, including computer graphics, computer security, and hypertext. Featuring insightful profiles of notable ACM leaders, such as Edmund Berkeley, George Forsythe, Jean Sammet, Peter Denning, and Kelly Gotlieb, and honest assessments of controversial episodes, the volume deals with compelling and complex issues involving ACM and computing. It is not a narrow organizational history of ACM committees and SIGS, although much information about them is given. All chapters are original works of research. Many chapters draw on archival records of ACM's headquarters, ACM SIGs, and ACM leaders. This volume makes a permanent contribution to documenting the history of ACM and understanding its central role in the history of computing.

Combinatorial optimization is a multidisciplinary scientific area, lying in the interface of three major scientific domains: mathematics, theoretical computer science and management. The three volumes of the Combinatorial Optimization series aim to cover a wide range of topics in this area. These topics also deal with fundamental notions and approaches as with several classical applications of combinatorial optimization. Concepts of Combinatorial Optimization, is divided into three parts: - On the complexity of combinatorial optimization problems, presenting basics about worst-case and randomized complexity; - Classical solution methods, presenting the two most-known methods for solving hard combinatorial optimization problems, that are Branch-and-Bound and Dynamic Programming; - Elements from mathematical programming, presenting fundamentals from mathematical programming based methods that are in the heart of Operations Research since the origins of this field.

Smart healthcare technology improves the diagnosis and treatment of patients, provides easy access to medical facilities and emergency care services, and minimizes the gaps between patients and healthcare providers. While clinical data protection remains a major challenge, innovations such as the internet of medical things and smart healthcare systems increase the efficiency and quality of patient care. Healthcare technology can only become faster, more profitable, and more flexible as additional research on its advancements is conducted and collected. Smart Medical Data Sensing and IoT Systems Design in Healthcare is an essential reference source that focuses on robust and easy solutions for the delivery of medical information from patients to doctors and explores low-cost, high-performance, highly efficient, deployable IoT system options in healthcare systems. Featuring research on topics such as hospital management systems, electronic health records, and bio-signals, this book is ideally designed for technologists, engineers, scientists, clinicians, biomedical engineers, hospital directors, doctors, nurses, healthcare practitioners, telemedical agents, students, and academicians seeking coverage on the latest technological developments in medical data analysis and connectivity.

High-performance computing (HPC) describes the use of connected computing units to perform complex tasks. It relies on parallelization techniques and algorithms to synchronize these disparate units in order to perform faster than a single processor could, alone. Used in industries from medicine and research to military and higher education, this method of computing allows for users to complete complex data-intensive tasks. This field has undergone many changes over the past decade, and will continue to grow in popularity in the coming years. Innovative Research Applications in Next-Generation High Performance Computing aims to address the future challenges, advances, and applications of HPC and related technologies. As the need for such processors increases, so does the importance of developing new ways to optimize the performance of these supercomputers. This timely publication provides comprehensive information for researchers, students in ICT, program developers, military and government organizations, and business professionals.

"What information do these data reveal?" "Is the information correct?" "How can I make the best use of the information?" The widespread use of computers and our reliance on the data generated by them have made these questions increasingly common and important. Computerized data may be in either digital or analog form and may be relevant to a wide range of applications that include medical monitoring and diagnosis, scientific research, engineering, quality control, seismology, meteorology, political and economic analysis and business and personal financial applications. The sources of the data may be databases that have been developed for specific purposes or may be of more general interest and include those that are accessible on the Internet. In addition, the data may represent either single or multiple parameters. Examining data in its initial form is often very laborious and also makes it possible to "miss the forest for the trees" by failing to notice patterns in the data that are not readily apparent. To address these problems, this monograph describes several accurate and efficient methods for displaying, reviewing and analyzing digital and analog data. The methods may be used either singly or in various combinations to maximize the value of the data to those for whom it is relevant. None of the methods requires special devices and each can be used on common platforms such as personal computers, tablets and smart phones. Also, each of the methods can be easily employed utilizing widely available off-the-shelf software. Using the methods does not require special expertise in computer science or technology, graphical design or statistical analysis. The usefulness and accuracy of all the described methods of data display, review and interpretation have been confirmed in multiple carefully performed studies using independent, objective endpoints. These studies and their results are described in the monograph. Because of their ease of use, accuracy and efficiency, the methods for displaying, reviewing and analyzing data described in this monograph can be highly useful to all who must work with computerized information and make decisions based upon it.

Containing selected papers on the fundamentals and applications of Complexity Science, this multi-disciplinary book presents new approaches for resolving complex issues that cannot be resolved using conventional mathematical or software models. Complex Systems problems can occur in a variety of areas such as physical sciences and engineering, the economy, the environment, humanities and social and political sciences. Complexity Science problems, the science of open systems consisting of large numbers of diverse components engaged in rich interaction, can occur in a variety of areas such as physical sciences and engineering, the economy, the environment, humanities and social and political sciences. The global behaviour of these systems emerges from the interaction of constituent components and is unpredictable but not random. The key attribute of Complex Systems is the ability to self-organise and adapt to unpredictable changes in their environment. Renown complexity thinkers and practitioners as well as those who are new to the area of complexity will find interest in this book.

With the growing use of new technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) applications, intelligent systems can be used to manage large amounts of existing data in healthcare domains. Having more intelligent methods for accessing data allows medical professionals to more efficiently identify the best medical practices and more concrete solutions for diagnosing and treating a multitude of rare diseases. Intelligent Systems for Healthcare Management and Delivery provides relevant and advanced methodological, technological, and scientific approaches related to the application of sophisticated exploitation of AI, as well as providing insight into the technologies and intelligent applications that have received growing attention in recent years such as medical imaging, EMR systems, and drug development assistance. This publication fosters a scientific debate for new healthcare intelligent systems and sophisticated approaches for enhanced healthcare services and is ideally designed for medical professionals, hospital staff, rehabilitation specialists, medical educators, and researchers.

While doctors and physicians are more than capable of detecting diseases of the brain, the most agile human mind cannot compete with the processing power of modern technology. Utilizing algorithmic systems in healthcare in this way may provide a way to treat neurological diseases before they happen. Early Detection of Neurological Disorders Using Machine Learning Systems provides innovative insights into implementing smart systems to detect neurological diseases at a faster rate than by normal means. The topics included in this book are artificial intelligence, data analysis, and biomedical informatics. It is designed for clinicians, doctors, neurologists, physiotherapists, neurorehabilitation specialists, scholars, academics, and students interested in topics centered on biomedical engineering, bio-electronics, medical electronics, physiology, neurosciences, life sciences, and physics.

Text analysis tools aid in extracting meaning from digital content. As digital text becomes more and more complex, new techniques are needed to understand conceptual structure. Concept Parsing Algorithms (CPA) for Textual Analysis and Discovery: Emerging Research and Opportunities provides an innovative perspective on the application of algorithmic tools to study unstructured digital content. Highlighting pertinent topics such as semantic tools, semiotic systems, and pattern detection, this book is ideally designed for researchers, academics, students, professionals, and practitioners interested in developing a better understanding of digital text analysis.

RPG Programming at its best! Discover A Book That Tells You What You Should Do and How! Instead of jumping right into the instructions, this book will provide you first with all the necessary concepts that you need to learn in order to make the learning process a whole lot easier. This way, you're sure not to get lost in confusion once you get to the more complex lessons provided in the latter chapters. Graphs and flowcharts, as well as sample codes, are provided for a more visual approach on your learning You will also learn the designs and forms of Parallel, and what's more convenient than getting to know both sides! Want to know More? Buy Now

Modern computing systems preserve all information in intricate binary codes. The evolution of systems and technologies that aid in this preservation process must be continually assessed to ensure that they are keeping up with the demands of society. Formation Methods, Models, and Hardware Implementation of Pseudorandom Number Generators: Emerging Research and Opportunities is a crucial scholarly resource that examines the current methodologies used in number generator construction, and how they pertain to the overall advancement of contemporary computer systems. Featuring coverage on relevant topics such as cellular automata theory, inhomogeneous cells, and sequence generators, this publication is ideal for software engineers, computer programmers, academicians, students, and researchers that are interested in staying abreast of innovative trends within the computer engineering field.

Rails Programming Professional Made Easy: Expert Rails Programming Success In A Day For Any Computer User! Want to become an expert in rails programming but find all the technical jargon challenging? Need a reference guide that walks you through step by step and skips all the challenging technical intimidating data In a hurry and need to learn fast? Want to know where to start to begin creating your first project? Step by step details on creating all steps of articles, data and forms! Take the correct step and hit click download now to begin your success in learning Rails in a single day! Purchase now!

Since its first volume in 1960, Advances in Computers has presented detailed coverage of innovations in computer hardware, software, theory, design, and applications. It has also provided contributors with a medium in which they can explore their subjects in greater depth and breadth than journal articles usually allow. As a result, many articles have become standard references that continue to be of significant, lasting value in this rapidly expanding field.

Due to its versatility and accessibility, individuals all around the world routinely use various forms of technology to interact with one another. Over the years, the design and development of technologies and interfaces have increasingly aimed to improve the human-computer interactive experience in unimaginable ways. The Handbook of Research on Human-Computer Interfaces and New Modes of Interactivity is a collection of innovative research on the methods and applications of interactive technologies in the modern age. Highlighting topics including digital environments, sensory applications, and transmedia applications, this book is ideally designed for academicians, researchers, HCI developers, programmers, IT consultants, and media specialists seeking current research on the design, application, and advancement of different media technologies and interfaces that can support interaction across a wide range of users.

A variety of applications have been developed in order to engage with society. These tools have enabled computer scientists to captured large sets of unstructured data for machine learning and make the information widely available in academia. Techniques for Coding Imagery and Multimedia: Emerging Research and Opportunities is a pivotal reference source featuring the latest scholarly research on ways researchers code imagery and multimedia for research purposes, as well as describe some of the applied methods for research value. Including coverage on a wide variety of topics such as linguistic analysis, gender communication, and mass surveillance, this book is an important resource for researchers, academics, graduate students, and professionals seeking current research on best ways to globally expand multimedia research and imagery.

'Rana el Kaliouby's vision for how technology should work in parallel with empathy is bold, inspired and hopeful' Arianna Huffington, founder and CEO of Thrive Global 'This lucid and captivating book by a renowned pioneer of emotion-AI tackles one of the most pressing issues of our time: How can we ensure a future where this technology empowers rather than surveils and manipulates us?' Max Tegmark, professor of physics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and author of Life 3.0 We are entering an empathy crisis. Most of our communication is conveyed through non-verbal cues - facial expressions, tone of voice, body language - nuances that are completely lost when we interact through our smartphones and other technology. The result is a digital universe that's emotion-blind - a society lacking in empathy. Rana el Kaliouby discovered this when she left Cairo, a newly-married, Muslim woman, to take up her place at Cambridge University to study computer science. Many thousands of miles from home, she began to develop systems to help her better connect with her family. She started to pioneer the new field of Emotional Intelligence (EI). She now runs her company, Affectiva (the industry-leader in this emerging field) that builds EI into our technology and develops systems that understand humans the way we understand one another. In a captivating memoir, Girl Decoded chronicles el Kaliouby's mission to humanise technology and what she learns about humanity along the way.

Cryptography is concerned with the construction of schemes that withstand any abuse. A cryptographic scheme is constructed so as to maintain a desired functionality, even under malicious attempts aimed at making it deviate from its prescribed behavior. The design of cryptographic systems must be based on firm foundations, whereas ad hoc approaches and heuristics are a very dangerous way to go. These foundations were developed mostly in the 1980s, in works that are all co-authored by Shafi Goldwasser and/or Silvio Micali. These works have transformed cryptography from an engineering discipline, lacking sound theoretical foundations, into a scientific field possessing a well-founded theory, which influences practice as well as contributes to other areas of theoretical computer science. This book celebrates these works, which were the basis for bestowing the 2012 A.M. Turing Award upon Shafi Goldwasser and Silvio Micali. A significant portion of this book reproduces some of these works, and another portion consists of scientific perspectives by some of their former students. The highlight of the book is provided by a few chapters that allow the readers to meet Shafi and Silvio in person. These include interviews with them, their biographies and their Turing Award lectures.

Security video surveillance systems, such as homeland security and national defence, rely on specific mathematical algorithms in order to run effectively. It is essential for these parameters to be understood in order to design and create a successful system. Video Surveillance Techniques and Technologies presents empirical research and acquired experience on the original solutions and mathematical algorithms for motion detection and object identification problems. Emphasising a wide variety of applications of security systems, this book is an essential tool for graduate students and professionals in the field of signal and image processing applied in static/moving object detection, tracking, and identification.