Seit der Charakterisierung der genetischen Marker des familiAren medullAren SchilddrA1/4senkarzinoms bzw. der multiplen endokrinen Neoplasie Typ 2 bestehen verbesserte MAglichkeiten zur FrA1/4herkennung und kurativen Behandlung der hereditAren Formen dieser Tumoren. Durch Nachweis eines erhAhten Calcitonins als sensitiven und prAdiktiven Marker fA1/4r medullAre SchilddrA1/4senkarzinome kAnnen prinzipiell auch die sporadischen Formen frA1/4hzeitig erkannt und therapiert werden. Eine konsequente Anwendung der exzellenten diagnostischen Methoden sollte in Zukunft zu einer verbesserten Langzeitprognose dieser Karzinome beitragen. In der Praxis werden medullAre SchilddrA1/4senkarzinome jedoch hAufig erst im fortgeschrittenen Tumorstadium klinisch auffAllig. Um auch fA1/4r diese Patienten eine optimale Heilungschance zu erzielen, mA1/4ssen die bisherigen Diagnostik- und Therapieprotokolle optimiert und durch innovative Verfahren ergAnzt oder ersetzt werden. In dieser bisher einmaligen Zusammenstellung werden neue Aspekte der Genanalyse zur Diagnostik der hereditAren Karzinome, vielversprechende Methoden zur Lokalisationsdiagnostik von Metastasen sowie etablierte und experimentelle AnsAtze zur Therapie dieser TumorentitAt beleuchtet.

also occurs. New outbreaks of yellow fever have occurred in Colombia and Trinidad and new outbreaks of rift valley fever have occurred in Egypt. Chapter 6, Arenaviruses: The biochemical and physical properties have now been clar ified, and they show a remarkable uniformity in the various viruses constituting the group. The possibility that prenatal infection with LCM may result in hydrocephalus and chorioretinitis has been raised. Serologic surveys have suggested the existence of Lassa virus infection in Guinea, Central African Empire, Mali, Senegal, Cameroon, and Benin, in addition to earlier identification in Nigeria, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Chapter 7, Coronaviruses: New studies have confirmed the important role of these viruses in common respiratory illnesses of children and adults. The viruses are now known to contain a single positive strand of RNA. About 50% of corona virus infections result in clinical illness. About 5% of common colds are caused by strain DC 43 in winter. Chapter 8, Cytomegalovirus: Sections on pathogenesis of CMV in relation to organ transplantation and mononucleosis, as well as sections on the risk and features of con genital infection and disease, have been expanded. There are encouraging preliminary results with a live CMV vaccine, but the questions of viral persistence and oncogenicity require further evaluation."

Wie schon in den vorherigen Supplements ist die 4. Auflage unverzichtbar zur korrekten und einheitlichen Verwendung der Klassifikation von malignen Tumoren. Erstmals wird hier dem Prognostic Factors Project ein Kapitel gewidmet. Unverzichtbar fA1/4r alle Onkologen und Pathologen.

Essentials of Palliative Care is a to-the-point, clinically oriented resource for all members of the multidisciplinary palliative care team and trainees. It covers practical clinical topics, including assessment of the patient and pain and symptom management, and practical non-medical topics central to providing effective palliative care, including psychological management, guidance on how to help patients and their families through the many healthcare decision points they face, and sensitivity to the goals and culture of the patient. Review questions, with detailed answers, provide a convenient way for readers to test their knowledge.

Features:

. Concise, comprehensive, clinically focused

. Multiple choice review questions, with detailed answers

. Expert contributors from leading institutions

. Coordination of care by palliative care team a major focus

"

Consumer interest in diet and nutritional supplements is increasing dramatically. Patients and members of the public are seeking advice from health professionals, nutritionists and food scientists. This book is designed to meet the needs of those professionals who are called upon to advise patients and the general public. It provides also a valuable text for those who are researchers or decision makers in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The text presents a thorough account of this topical subject and enables the reader to appreciate the functions of nutrients in health and common disease states, to understand the current debates over the roles of nutrients and supplements in the diet, and to answer those questions frequently asked by patients and consumers.

The Boron '97 meeting was a great success in summarising all recent developments in basic and applied research on boron's function, especially in plants. New techniques have since been developed and new insight has been gained into the role of boron in plant and animal metabolism. Nevertheless, there were still lots of open questions. The aim of the present workshop held in Bonn as a satellite meeting to the International Plant Nutrition Colloquium was thus to gather all actual information which has been gained since the Boron '97 meeting and to compile knowledge, both from animal and plant sciences. Furthermore, applied aspects had to be addressed too, as there is an increasing awareness of boron deficiencies even in crops such as wheat, which have formerly not been considered as responsive to boron application. Genetic differences in boron demand and efficiency within one species are a further important topic which has gained importance since the 1997 meeting. More in-depth knowledge on the mechanisms of boron efficiency are required as an increased efficiency will be one major possibility to maintain and improve crop yields for resource-poor farmers. Nevertheless, it has also clearly been shown that an adequate supply of boron is needed to obtain high yields of crops with a high quality, and that a sustainable agriculture has to provide an adequate boron supply to compensate for inevitable losses through leaching (especially in the humid tropics and temperate regions) and for the boron removal by the crop.

The availability of analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) sold over-the-counter (OTC) to the public without prescription has become an issue of major concern in recent years. The problem has been highlighted in the UK, USA and other countries because of the continuing high rates of cases of poisoning and the influence of switching from prescription-only status for many NSAIDs to OTC sale brought about, in a large part, by governments and health maintenance organisations (especially in the USA) anxious to save on costs of these drugs. Concern in the UK about poisoning from paracetamol and the appreciable morbidity and mortality from aspirin was such that a major review was initiated in 1996 by the UK government's Medicines Control Agency (MCA). Doubtless, many other governments have also undertaken reviews of the safety issues concerning OTC analgesics and NSAIDs. In the UK the situation has culminated in the decision announced in August 1997, as this book was going to press, that the number of tablets/capsules of the solid dosage forms of paracetamol and aspirin would be limited for sale OTe. This decision was essentially based on the need to limit the unit quantity of these drugs so as to reduce the likelihood of poisoning with paracetamol and the development of gastrointestinal and other more serious side-effects from aspirin. Time. will tell whether these new regulations will influence the occurrence of these adverse events.

Every cell and organism faces the problem of spaces, made up of the two leaflets of the lipid generating a confined space in which metabolic bilayer. The importance of traffic and signaling across membranes is reflected by the estimate and anabolic reactions take place and at the same time allowing entry and exit of metabo that 20% of all genes in the human genome encode membrane proteins. A failure of any of lites, ions, proteins, and signals across its bor der. Evolution has solved the problem by these proteins may have dramatic con se generating lipid membranes that contain trans quences for ceH function. In recent years much porters, ion channels, and receptors. In eukary attention has been paid to diseases resulting otic cells, this problem is exacerbated by the from nonfunctional ion channels ("chan presence of multiple organelles, which are con nelopathies"). Not surprisingly, many of these fined spaces in their own right. Even the lipid diseases affect the excitability of cells. membrane consists of two relatively separate Transporter diseases (perhaps coined "carrier vi PREFACE diseases") are more related to metabolic dis Each chapter is concluded by a summary, and eases, Transporters are frequently found at the most chapters also contain an overview of the beginning or the end of metabolic pathways clinical features of a particular transporter and as a result can have similar effects to disease. a missing enzyme."

The administration of intravenous fluids is one of the most common and important therapeutic practices in the treatment of surgical, medical and critically ill patients. The international literature accordingly contains a vast number of works on fluid management, yet there is still confusion as to the best options in the various situations encountered in clinical practice. The purpose of this volume is to help the decision-making process by comparing different solution properties describing their indications, mechanisms of action and side-effects according to physiologic body water distribution, electrolytic and acid-base balance, and to clarify which products available on the market represent the best choice in different circumstances. The book opens by discussing in detail the concepts central to a sound understanding of abnormalities in fluid and electrolyte homeostasis and the effect of intravenous fluid administration. In the second part of the monograph, these concepts are used to explain the advantages and disadvantages of solutions available on the market in different clinical settings. Body Fluid Management: From Physiology to Therapy will serve as an invaluable decision-making guide, including for those who are not experts in the subject.

One of the most important developments in diagnostic imaging over the last decade has been magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Its ability to differentiate between tissues and give patholog ical information about diseases has led to earlier treatment, thus increasing the likelihood of recovery. The images produced using this technique give superb anatomical detail in any plane and are obtained without the use of ionising radiation. The increased use of MRI has presented radiographers with a number of challenges, and because we are no longer dealing with ionising radiation understanding the subject can some times be confusing. We hope that this text will help radiographers and student radiographers to further their knowledge and unravel the mysteries of MRI. Philip T. English Christine Moore Contents 1 Basic Principles . . . . . . . . . 1 History ..... . 1 Atomic Theory . . 1 Magnetic Theory . 2 Resonance 4 Relaxation. . . . . 5 2 Instrumentation........ 9 The Magnet .. 9 Shim Coils ........... . 12 Gradient Coils ......... . 13 RF Transmitter/Receiver Coils. 14 The Computer . . . . . . . . . 18 3 Pulse Sequences. . . . . . . . . 19 Saturation Recovery (Partial Saturation) 19 Spin Echo (SE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Multiple Spin Echo. . . . . . . . . . . 22 Fast Spin Echo (FSE) or Turbo Spin Echo (TSE). 23 Inversion Recovery (IR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Gradient Echo .................. . 28 Magnetisation Transfer Contrast Imaging (MTC) 34 4 Image Production. . . . . . . .

to Medical Manipulation John K. Paterson, MB. BS. MRCGP currently Vice-President and Han. Secretary of the British Association of Manipulative Medicine and member of the Scientific Advisory Committee of the International Federation of Manual Medicine and Loic Burn, BA. MRCS. LRCP. DPhysMed currently President of the British Association of Manipulative Medicine. Han. Secretary of the Scientific Section of the British League against Rheumatism and member of Council of the Back Pain Association ~~ M.TP PRESS LIM.ITED ~ a member of the KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS GROUP LA CASTER I BOSTON I THE HAG E / DORDRECHT Published in the UK and Europe by MTP Press Limited Falcon House Lancaster, England British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Paterson, John K. An introduction to medical manipulation. 1. Manipulation (Therapeutics) I. Title II. Burn, Loic 615.8'2 RM724 Published in the USA by MTPPress A division of Kluwer Boston Inc 190 Old Derby Street Hingham, MA 02043, USA Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Paterson, John K., 1921- An introduction to medical manipulation. Bibliography: p. Includes index.

An invaluable self-assessment tool for emergency medicine trainees in Australasia.

"Emergency Medicine MCQs" is an essential resource for Australasia's emergency medicine trainees.

A practical self-assessment tool, the book assists trainees as they expand and refine their knowledge of emergency medicine, and will ultimately help them pass the Australasian Emergency Medicine Fellowship examination (FACEM).

The multiple-choice questions in "Emergency Medicine MCQs" cover both the core and non-core areas in the Australasian Emergency Medicine Fellowship.? Using this text, trainees can revise alone or with their peers to identify the areas in which they need further development.

The curriculum is divided into three main areas where trainees require expert level of knowledge, high level of knowledge and general level of knowledge. It covers important clinical problems encountered in everyday emergency medicine practice - from cardiovascular emergencies through to obstetric and gynaecology emergencies, disaster management and toxicology.

As well as being ideal for emergency medicine trainees qualifying through AECM, the book is a useful resource for GPs taking the GEM qualification through ACEM and JMOs 'on call'.

Plus, this emergency medicine text is accompanied by an app - a separate product containing 180 randomised multiple-choice questions on all the topics within the book.