In nearly all parts of the world, the consumption of alcohol is increasing, and the morbidity and mortality of diseases induced by alcohol are rising correspondingly. It has been stated that alcohol is consumed because it pro duces intoxication. This effect is due to its toxicological influence on the central nervous system with the resulting functional disturbances. For many years, the concept that alcoholic liver disease was of nutritional origin and only indirectly related to alcohol consumption and metabolism was accepted. Opinion has changed gradually in recent years and tends now to regard alcohol itself through its combustion, as responsible for many metabolic disorders. Interest in this problem has increased during the past decade, and numerous papers bearing on this subject have appeared. It seems that the oxidation of alcohol in the liver interferes in many ways with the intermediary metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins, including enzymes and hormones, and exerts damaging influence on the liver, the musculature, the heart, the brain and the kidneys. The "Workshop Symposium" brought together a limited number of the scientists involved in the new development, biochemists, physiologists, pharmacologists, pathologists and clinicians from eight European countries and from the United States and allowed a very lively and informal exchange. The symposium was honored by the presence of Sir Hans Krebs, whose vast experience stimulated the discussion. It is a great pleasure to dedicate this volume to Sir Hans on the occasion of his 70th birthday on August 25th."

69 but usually such a condition is terminal, and denotes irreversible pump failure. Many patients can, however, return to useful activity, avoiding sudden unaccustomed exertion, and being maintained on diuretics, potassium and digoxin with suitable surveillance. Curative surgery may be possible in those with heart valve lesions. Heart transplantation. Remarkable technical success has been achieved, and patients have survived for up to two years after opera tion. It is, however, difficult to decide which cases are suitable, for early cases may benefit from less drastic measures, and late cases have involvement of lungs and liver, lessening the changes of success. There are problems too, of transplant rejection, immunosuppression and of the ethics of obtaining donor hearts. There may be a greater place for the use of plastic pumps, which are being developed for use as temporary supports to the circulation, e.g. in myocardial infarction, until the heart function improves. Prevention of cardiac disease; a summary Congenital heart disease should be recognized early, for cure is often possible. Rheumatic heart disease has diminished with the conquest of the streptococcus, but where it has occurred, early recognition and treat ment of valvular complications will prevent heart failure. Hyper tension and its effects can be remedied before the stage of heart failure. We are left with arteriosclerotic heart disease, and while alleviation of its effects is possible, prevention awaits understanding of the arteriosclerotic process. Meantime, we can advise the control of obesity and the cessation of cigarette smoking.

Die Herausgeber prasentieren hier ausgewahlte Beitrage des 2. Nationalen Praventionskongresses, der gemeinsam mit dem 6. Deutschen Kongresses fur Versorgungsforschung durchgefuhrt wurde. Der wissenschaftliche Austausch zwischen praktisch tatigen Medizinern und Vertretern aller am Gesundheitssystem interessierten Experten verdeutlicht die Chancen des interdisziplinaren Dialogs fur die Versorgung gesundheitlich gefahrdeter und kranker Menschen.

Focusing on communication needs in real-world clinical situations, Dr. Pilar Ortega's updated edition of this practical text helps you address today's growing demand for Spanish-speaking physicians and healthcare workers. This pocket-sized resource provides basic Spanish skills, sample interview questions, relevant cultural information, and more, in addition to online videos of physician-patient interactions, interactive self-assessment tools, and clinical vignettes. You'll find exactly what you need to develop better physician-patient communication skills, increase your cultural competence, and make better clinical decisions in your practice. Understand the nuts and bolts of better communication through Spanish grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, sample interview questions, and helpful interview techniques. Pocket size allows for quick reference in an easily accessible format. Improve your skills with new and expanded content including more practice exercises for self-assessment, information on cultural issues, grammar tips and practice, complex clinical scenarios, and how to best use interpreters in your practice. Stay up to date with new chapters on pediatric health; common procedures and informed consent; the physician's impression and plan; diabetes medication; travel history and special exposures; adult immunization history; exercise and adult health safety screening; and specialized physical examination. Gauge and hone your doctor-patient communication skills with interactive self-assessment tools and practice exercises. Watch video of real-time physician-patient exchanges (with English and Spanish subtitles), complete interactive practice exercises, and learn from clinical vignettes-all online at Student Consult. eBook version included! Access the entire book online or offline across all devices with the Student Consult eBook.

Magnus Hirschfeld war nicht nur, gemeinsam mit drei anderen Berliner Arzten- Ivan Bloch, Albert Moll und Max Marcuse - der Begrunder einer deutschen, seinerzeit auch international unerreichten Sexualwissenschaft. Er war daruber hinaus Jude und homosexuell veranlagt. Dies alles hat ihn zu einem der ersten prominenten Opfer der Nationalsozialisten werden lassen. Bereits 1930 musste er in seinem Berliner Institut fur Sexualwissenschaft, das er 1919 gegrundet hatte, um seine Existenz und sein Leben furchten. Der drohenden Ermordung entging er nur zufallig, weil er sich bei der Zerstorung des Instituts durch den SA-Mob auf einer Vortragsreise befand. Damit ging ein ruhmreiches Kapitel der deutschen Kulturwissenschaften dramatisch zu Ende. Es sollte bis in die jungste Zeit dauern, dass man sich der Bedeutung Hirschfelds in ihrer ganzen Tragweite bewusst wurde. Sein erstes grosses Hauptwerk verfolgt das Thema Homosexualitat in all seinen Facetten. Zugrunde lagen Hirschfelds Ausfuhrungen zahllose Fallstudien und Untersuchungen, die er nach standardisierten Mustern vornahm. In dem umfangreichen Band versuchte er, das Thema in seiner ganze Breite zu erfassen. Auch wenn die biologischen Ausfuhrungen Hirschfelds heutzutage als veraltet gelten, so sind doch seine Analysen immer noch ausgesprochen lesenswert und beruhren in ihrer Detailversessenheit- etwa, wenn Hirschfeld den Tascheninhalt des homosexuellen Mannes beschreibt oder die Eigenarten des Schwulenlebens in den sudlichen Landern, die Wohnungseinrichtung und Berufswahl der typischen lesbischen Frau etc. Mit diesen Beschreibungen ging allerdings auch eine Gefahr einher: Hirschfeld lieferte ungewollt den Nationalsozialisten gewissermassen die Checklisten, mit denen sie dann, verstarkt nach dem Rohm-Putsch von 1934, die Verfolgung der homosexuellen Manner intensivieren konnten."

The Future of Clinical Research and Health Care: From Empirical to Precision MedicineClinical and Statistical Considerations in Personalized Medicine explores recent advances related to biomarkers and their translation into clinical development. Leading clinicians, biostatisticians, regulators, commercial professionals, and researchers address the opportunities and challenges in successfully applying biomarkers in drug discovery and preclinical and clinical development. Robust Biomarkers for Drug Development and Disease TreatmentThe first four chapters discuss biomarker development from a clinical perspective. Coverage ranges from an introduction to biomarkers to advances in RNAi screens, epigenetics, and rare diseases as targets for personalized medicine approaches. Subsequent chapters examine the statistical considerations in applying a personalized medicine approach, including multiplicity in pharmacogenomics. The last chapter assesses the regulatory issues involved in using biomarkers. Improve Patient Care and Reduce Costs and Side EffectsDespite the vast amount of literature on biomarkers, there is no comprehensive book that integrates the clinical and statistical components. This book is one of the first to incorporate both the clinical and statistical aspects of biomarkers in the personalized medicine paradigm. Covering a wide spectrum of personalized medicine-related topics, it presents state-of-the-art techniques for advancing the application of biomarkers in drug discovery and development.

This book discusses glycobiology and various forms of human diseases. Topics covered include immunoglobulins, inflammation and glycosylation, the role and therapeutic significance of natural anti-glycan antibodies in malignancies and in normal and aberrant pregnancy, identifying urinary glycans as a possible method for the diagnosis of lysosomal storage diseases, glycobiology of human milk (biological roles and diseases) and pectins as biological modulators of human physiological reactions. The book includes analysis of comprehensive data and some productive conclusions and perspectives.

7 1. THE LIVER IN NORMAL PREGNANCY 9 Liver palpation. . . . . . 9 Spider angiomas and palmar erythema 9 Histological changes in liver biopsies 10 Liver blood flow . . . . . . . . . . 10 Hemoglobin and serum iron . . . . . 11 Total leucocyte and differential count. 11 Prothrombin time 11 Urinary bile components 11 Serum bilirubin . . . 11 Bromsulfalein retention . 12 Galactose tolerance test . 12 Serum alkaline phosphatase 12 Serum transaminases and other enzymes . 13 Serum cholesterol and serum lipids . . . 14 Total serum proteins and serum electrophoresis 14 Serum turbidity and flocculation tests 15 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . 15 II. JAUNDICE DURING PREGNANCY . . . . 17 1) Incidence of jaundice durip. g pregnancy 17 2) Classification of jaundice during pregnancy 17 3) Frequency distribution of different diseases causing jaundice during pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '. 20 4) Review of literature on jaundice during pregnancy . . 23 Infectious hepatitis during pregnancy . . . . . . . 23 Susceptability of pregnant women to viral hepatitis 23 Incidence of hepatitis in relation to stage of pregnancy 25 Mortality from hepatitis during pregnancy . 26 Clinical course of hepatitis during pregnancy . . . . 27 Sequellae from hepatitis during pregnancy . . . . . 28 Child survival from mothers with hepatitis during pregnancy 29 Transplacentar infection with hepatitis virus and incidence of malformation in babies of mothers with hepatitis during pr- nancy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Jaundice in liver cirrhosis during plegnancy . . . . . . . . . 31 Drug-induced intrahepatic cholestasis during pregnancy . . . . 32 Obstructive jaundice due to choledocholithiasis during pregnancy 33 Effect of pregnancy in chronic idiopathic hyperbilirubinemias (Dubin-Johnson syndrome, Rotor syndrome, Gilbert-Meul- gracht syndrome) . . . . . . . . . . ."

Society-sanctioned guidelines are valuable tools, but accessing key information can be a daunting task. This book illuminates a clear path to successful application of the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association guidelines. Organized for fast reference, this new volume helps practitioners improve patient care.

Are you new to clinical teaching and looking for practical advice? Would you like to challenge and improve your current teaching style? Do you want to direct change in teaching practice within a department or institution? If your answer to any of the above is yes, then Making Sense of Clinical Teaching is the resource for you. It offers the novice and more experienced teacher concise advice in how to pinpoint and build upon existing strengths, address areas where confidence is lacking, develop mentoring skills, challenge existing practice, and influence strategic developments. Making Sense of Clinical Teaching will enable you to: Add new skills to your teaching repertoire Stimulate your creative thinking Challenge current practice and facilitate the development of new strategies Improve your coaching and mentoring skills and ultimately meet the needs of your students and improve their learning experience

The papers collected in this volume represent the formal proceedings of the Third European Symposium on Calcified Tissues which was held in Davos, Switzerland from 11th to 16th April 1965 under the sponsorship of the Laboratorium fur experi mentelle Chirurgie, Schweizerisches Forschungsinstitut Davos. This Symposium fol lowed the now established tradition of the previous Symposia held in Oxford in 1963 and in Liege in 1964. Participation was again strictly on a residential hasis. This year the Schatzalp Hotel provided a scenic and secluded meeting place high on a mountain side overlooking Davos yet close to the Forschungsinstitut in which the opening session of the Symposium was held. The papers and communications published in the volume are arranged in order of presentation and are grouped under the five main themes selected for discussion by the Symposium, namely, "Cell function in the formation, maintenance and destruc tion of osseous tissue," "Response of calcified tissues to mechanical factors," "Mecha nisms of mineralization and diseases related to mineral deposition," "Hormones and bone" and "Fundamental structure of dental hard tissues." The programme consisted of a number of review lectures given by invited speakers and of short communications in relation to each of the above themes. No attempt was made to record the dis cussions to the papers as, being a residential meeting, the more valuable and interest ing interchanges took place informally in small discussion groups and not within the time schedule of the prearranged programme."

Hypertension has certainly been one of the topics most fre quently discussed at symposia, meetings, and congresses during recent years. There may be several reasons for this; three of them are obvious: firstly, the fact that a large proportion of the world's population is suffering from various forms of hypertensive disease; secondly, increasing knowledge of the pathogenesis of hypertension and of the disturbances underlying it; and, thirdly, the marked progress which has been made in antihypertensive therapy over the past fifteen years. When plans for the present symposium were being drawn up, it was felt that it should not simply bring forth just another meeting on hypertension, but should place particular emphasis on those aspects which had not been adequately discussed at previous symposia of this kind. Curiously enough, the topic which appeared to have received least attention in the past was therapy, although from the practical point of view this is by far the most important. The choice of therapy as the main theme of the whole symposium also seemed to be warranted in view of the relatively long period that had elapsed since effective antihyper tensive treatment became available; the time had in fact come now to pass judgement on the benefits as well as the shortcomings of drug treatment as available today.

"The field of Biomarkers and Precision Medicine in drug development is rapidly evolving and this book presents a snapshot of exciting new approaches. By presenting a wide range of biomarker applications, discussed by knowledgeable and experienced scientists, readers will develop an appreciation of the scope and breadth of biomarker knowledge and find examples that will help them in their own work." -Maria Freire, Foundation for the National Institutes of Health Handbook of Biomarkers and Precision Medicine provides comprehensive insights into biomarker discovery and development which has driven the new era of Precision Medicine. A wide variety of renowned experts from government, academia, teaching hospitals, biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies share best practices, examples and exciting new developments. The handbook aims to provide in-depth knowledge to research scientists, students and decision makers engaged in Biomarker and Precision Medicine-centric drug development. Features: Detailed insights into biomarker discovery, validation and diagnostic development with implementation strategies Lessons-learned from successful Precision Medicine case studies A variety of exciting and emerging biomarker technologies The next frontiers and future challenges of biomarkers in Precision Medicine Claudio Carini, Mark Fidock and Alain van Gool are internationally recognized as scientific leaders in Biomarkers and Precision Medicine. They have worked for decades in academia and pharmaceutical industry in EU, USA and Asia. Currently, Dr. Carini is Honorary Faculty at Kings's College School of Medicine, London, UK. Dr. Fidock is Vice President of Precision Medicine Laboratories at AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK. Prof.dr. van Gool is Head Translational Metabolic Laboratory at Radboud university medical school, Nijmegen, NL.

The process of discovery of medicinal compounds has evolved over millennia, from Neanderthal man's use of medicinal herbs to the highly-evolved techniques of biotechnology and high-throughput screening used by today's medicinal chemists. "Drug Discovery - A History" reviews the full panoply of discovery of therapeutic compounds in use today.

The book is divided into three parts. The first, the Legacy of the Past, gives an overview of medicinal compounds in society, ranging from the earliest use of medicinal herbs through the ancient civilisations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, and Rome, concluding with an overview of development of life-saving organic compounds in the 20th century. The second part examines the commonest source of the drug - the natural world. Prototypes from vegetable, animal, and microbial sources are described in separate chapters, as are the medicinal compounds prepared from them. The problem of relying on nature as a source of drug prototypes is confronted. Part Three considers synthetic compounds that have served as drug prototypes, the role of serendipity in providing these synthetic prototypes, and a review of compounds derived from them.

"Drug Discovery - A History" is essential reading for medicinal chemists, pharmacologists, organic chemists, physicians, researchers and anyone with an interest in the development of therapeutic drugs.

Single Best Answer (SBA) examinations are an increasingly popular means of testing medical students and those undertaking postgraduate qualifications in a number of subject areas. Written by a final year medical student, junior doctors and experienced clinicians, 450 Single Best Answers in the Clinical Specialties provides invaluable guidance from authors who understand from personal experience that detailed and accurate explanations are the key to successful revision. The presentation of questions arranged by specialty area as well as the inclusion of a practice exam of random questions, coupled with the clear discussion of how to correct answer was reached and other options ruled out for every question, make this book an excellent learning aid during all stages of clinical studies, and particularly while preparing for medical finals.

Chirurgische Sofortmassnahmen" by G. H. Willital an established classic in a new edition provides valuable orientation for every surgically active physician. The book covers all diseases and accidents which might make emergency surgical intervention necessary. The surgical procedures for each case are systematically structured and presented in a clear and concise manner for rapid consultation."

This book provides clear instructions to researchers on how to apply Structural Equation Models (SEMs) for analyzing the inter relationships between observed and latent variables.

"Basic and Advanced Bayesian Structural Equation Model""ing "introduces basic and advanced SEMs for analyzing various kinds of complex data, such as ordered and unordered categorical data, multilevel data, mixture data, longitudinal data, highly non-normal data, as well as some of their combinations. In addition, Bayesian semiparametric SEMs to capture the true distribution of explanatory latent variables are introduced, whilst SEM with a nonparametric structural equation to assess unspecified functional relationships among latent variables are also explored.

Statistical methodologies are developed using the Bayesian approach giving reliable results for small samples and allowing the use of prior information leading to better statistical results. Estimates of the parameters and model comparison statistics are obtained via powerful Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods in statistical computing.Introduces the Bayesian approach to SEMs, including discussion on the selection of prior distributions, and data augmentation.Demonstrates how to utilize the recent powerful tools in statistical computing including, but not limited to, the Gibbs sampler, the Metropolis-Hasting algorithm, and path sampling for producing various statistical results such as Bayesian estimates and Bayesian model comparison statistics in the analysis of basic and advanced SEMs.Discusses the Bayes factor, Deviance Information Criterion (DIC), and $L_\nu$-measure for Bayesian model comparison.Introduces a number of important generalizations of SEMs, including multilevel and mixture SEMs, latent curve models and longitudinal SEMs, semiparametric SEMs and those with various types of discrete data, and nonparametric structural equations.Illustrates how to use the freely available software WinBUGS to produce the results.Provides numerous real examples for illustrating the theoretical concepts and computational procedures that are presented throughout the book.

Researchers and advanced level students in statistics, biostatistics, public health, business, education, psychology and social science will benefit from this book.