Pravention lasst sich am besten mit vorausschauender Problemvermeidung ubersetzen. Seit der Ottawa-Charta der Weltgesundheitsorganisation gelten Pravention und Gesundheitsforderung als die geeignetsten Instrumente, dem Kostenanstieg im Gesundheitswesen durch Vermeidung des Sozialversicherungsfalls entgegenzuwirken; mit andern Worten: durch Vermeidung von Bedarf an Behandlung, Rehabilitation und Pflege. Die lange politische Missachtung des Praventionsansatzes und seine kaum mehr nennenswerte offentliche Forderung haben zu einer volligen Unterentwicklung hierzulande beigetragen. Der 1. Nationale Praventionskongress will einen Neuanfang in Sachen Pravention und Gesundheitsforderung, und er will in diesem Zusammenhang eine zukunftig starkere Zusammenarbeit zwischen Wissenschaft und Praxis anstossen."

Das vorliegende Buch umfaBt die Vortrage eines Symposiums, das von der Sektion Klinische Geriatrie der Deutschen Gesellschaft fUr Gerontologie im Oktober 1981 in Frankfurt unter dem Thema" Tagesklinische Behandlung im A Iter" ausgerichtet wurde. Diese Form der klinischen Behandlung alter Menschen stellt eine Herausforderung an das herkommliche Konzept der vollstationaren Versorgung im Krankenhaus und in anderen Institutionen dar. Die negativen Auswirkungen der Hospitalisierung und In- stitutionalisierung auf alte Menschen sind bekannt. Das Krankenbett bedeutet haufig Verlust der Eigenstandigkeit, zunehmende Abhangigkeit sowie Verlust familiarer und sozialer Bindungen. Dazu kommt die vollstandige Obertragung der Verantwortlich- keiten fUr den alten Patienten von Angehorigen auf die Institutionen. Die Tagesklinik kann fUr einen bestimmten Patientenkreis die vollstationare Behand- lung abktirzen oder ganz vermeiden und gleichzeitig medizinische Diagnostik und Therapie nach klinischen Gesichtspunkten anbieten. Wir haben aufgrund unserer Er- fahrungen in Frankfurt gelernt, daB der fUr die tagesklinische Behandlung geeignete Patientenkreis wesentlich groBer ist, als wir zu Beginn unserer Arbeit vermutet haben. In unserem Behandlungskonzept steht die Tagesklinik gleichberechtigt neb en der voll- stationaren Behandlung im Krankenhaus und ist keinesfalls ein untergeordnetes An- hangsel. Daruber hinaus mtissen angesichts der standig steigenden Kosten im Krankenhauswe- sen und der demoskopischen Verschiebungen in der Altersstruktur der Bevolkerung al- ternative Wege beschritten werden, urn den in Zukunft noch steigenden Bedarf an ma- teriellem und personellem Aufwand fUr die medizinische Versorgung alter Menschen bewaltigen zu konnen. Die tagesklinische Behandlung ist eine solche Alternative.

The last thirty years have seen an unprecedented increase in the discovery of new drugs, and moreover, these drugs, unlike many of the nostra of former times, have varied and powerful pharmacological actions. The occurrence of one or two "drug disasters," together with a change in public attitudes, has made it necessary for governments to introduce legislation to control the intro duction and release of new therapeutic agents, and most countries in the Western World have some form of drug licensing agency. Whole series of regulations have appeared which aim at discovering and defining the toxicity of new drugs. Many of these regulations rely heavily on testing drugs in animals before they are used in man, and at present very extensive and prolonged animal studies are required by most licensing authorities. It is most opportune that Professor Folb has decided to review the present position in this monograph. It is not only inhumane but also wasteful of time and money if extensive animal experiments which have little or no relevance to the human situation are carried out; furthermore, such results may even be dangerously misleading. There is little doubt that some preliminary animal investigations are necessary, but it is essential to keep their relevance under continuous review and to adopt a critical and flexible approach rather than heap regulation upon regulation."

Coronary heart disease is the principal cause of death in all Western countries. Abnormalities in the serum lipids are one of the major risk factors widely recognised as leading to this epidemic of heart disease. These abnormalities occur very com monly in the general community and in general practice, and practitioners are pre vailed upon daily to provide specific advice about diet and cholesterol and to interpret chemical estimations. This is a very emotive area of medicine, one where often the patients most active in seeking advice have the least to gain. On the other hand, there may be young people carrying a severe coronary risk, knowingly or not, who prefer to avoid risk factor in tervention. There are strong vested interests in the commercial world who would prefer to overlook any therapeutic value of dietary modification for selected in dividuals, and others who see great merit in a particular diet. The pharmaceutical in dustry has a vested interest in the cholesterol story as well. The individual doctor needs to decide for himself whether the cholesterol issue requires action or not, and for this he needs access to up to date and relevant data. This is one of the purposes of this book. The use of lipid-lowering therapy is usually quite a straightforward exercise for any medical practitioner, once the decision has been taken to initiate it.

Wahrend uber die Moglichkeiten und Grenzen bildgebender Verfahren in der Detektion und Diagnostik von Raumforderungen der Oberbauchorgane, insbesondere der Leber, eine Vielzahl von Publikationen existieren, sind Veroffentlichungen uber die Wertigkeit, die klinische Relevanz und den differenzierten Einsatz von bildgebenden diagnostischen Untersuchungsverfahren zur Abklarung von Milzveranderungen rar. Zudem wurden in der Vergangenheit meist nur einzelne Kasuistiken veroffentlicht. Der Grund hierfur liegt in der Seltenheit umschriebener Milzprozesse. In der vorliegenden klinischen Studie wurden retrospektiv die im Zeitraum von Januar 1996 bis Dezember 2003 am Institut fur Pathologie der Universitatsklinik Regensburg erhobenen makroskopischen histologischen Diagnosen von fokalen und diffusen Lasionen der Milz gesammelt, kategorisiert und analysiert. Durch anschliessenden Vergleich der Detektions- und diagnostischen Ergebnisse der bildgebenden Befunde aus den Ultraschalluntersuchungen (konventionell-native B-Mode- und kontrastmittelunterstutzte Sonographie), den Schnittbildverfahren (Computer- und Magnetresonanztomographie) sowie der nuklearmedizinischen bildgebenden Diagnostik (Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie) mit dem durch radikale oder partielle Milzexstirpation oder Probebiopsie gewonnenen histologischen Material und den daraus abgeleiteten Validitatsparametern lassen sich der klinische Stellenwert und die Grenzen dieser bildgebenden Verfahren in der Milzdiagnostik verdeutlichen. Besondere Bedeutung kommt dabei der Beantwortung der Frage nach einem moglichst effizienten und effektiven Einsatz der trennscharfsten bildgebenden Untersuchungsverfahren sowie der Entscheidung fur deren seriellen oder parallelen Einsatz in der Primar- und weiterfuhrenden Diagnostik zu

The new edition of this best-selling title from the popular 100 cases series explores common scenarios that will be encountered by the medical student and junior doctor when working in the community setting, and which are likely to feature in qualifying examinations. The book covers a comprehensive range of presentations from tiredness to tremor. Comprehensive answers highlight key take home points from each case and provide practical advice on how to deal with the challenges that occur in general practice at all levels.

This work provides new editions with introduction and commentary of five odes from Pindar's Nemeans. Three celebrate victories won by Aeginetans at the Nemean games (Nemeans 4, 6, and 8). The remaining two are drawn from the appendix to the book: Nemean 10, for the Argive wrestler Theaeus and his family, including the famous myth of the Dioscuri, and Nemean 11, for the installation of a prytanis on the island of Tenedos. The commentaries elucidate problems of metre, text, and interpretation, and provide up-to-date treatment of the language and subject-matter of the poems.

The Future of Clinical Research and Health Care: From Empirical to Precision MedicineClinical and Statistical Considerations in Personalized Medicine explores recent advances related to biomarkers and their translation into clinical development. Leading clinicians, biostatisticians, regulators, commercial professionals, and researchers address the opportunities and challenges in successfully applying biomarkers in drug discovery and preclinical and clinical development. Robust Biomarkers for Drug Development and Disease TreatmentThe first four chapters discuss biomarker development from a clinical perspective. Coverage ranges from an introduction to biomarkers to advances in RNAi screens, epigenetics, and rare diseases as targets for personalized medicine approaches. Subsequent chapters examine the statistical considerations in applying a personalized medicine approach, including multiplicity in pharmacogenomics. The last chapter assesses the regulatory issues involved in using biomarkers. Improve Patient Care and Reduce Costs and Side EffectsDespite the vast amount of literature on biomarkers, there is no comprehensive book that integrates the clinical and statistical components. This book is one of the first to incorporate both the clinical and statistical aspects of biomarkers in the personalized medicine paradigm. Covering a wide spectrum of personalized medicine-related topics, it presents state-of-the-art techniques for advancing the application of biomarkers in drug discovery and development.

This very important work laid the foundation for my subsequent dissertation and for my research work and publications on colorectal cancer. For the first time, several authors systematically summarized one disease exclusively as to its origins, pathology, diagnostics and therapy. This novel concept made a lasting impression on me in my scientific work. Manfred Georg Krukemeyer, MD, Department of Surgical Research, Westphalian Wilhelm University, Munster"

Physiology is the study of the normal working of the body. It is essential that its principles should be understood by nurses and doctors, for only if you know how the body works normally can you understand what is happening during disease. This first chapter covers the whole of physiology in outline, so that as later you read the chapters devoted to giving details of the various systems, you will be able to see where each system fits into the scheme of things. THE CELL You can learn a great deal about physiology by considering the requirements of a simple, single-celled organism such as the amoeba. These requirements may be summarized as follows: 1. Supplies. All living organisms require a supply of energy if they are to survive. Plants can obtain their energy directly from the sun and by using very simple inorganic materials they can manu facture all the substances they need. But animals must obtain their energy from the complex materials which they take in as food. The energy is released by the process known as oxidation (burning), in which food is broken down and combined with oxygen to release all the energy which is required. Animals therefore obviously need a supply of food and a supply of oxygen. Since the animal body is largely made up of water, they need a supply of water as well. The amoeba finds it easy to obtain all these materials from the water which surrounds it."

In nearly all parts of the world, the consumption of alcohol is increasing, and the morbidity and mortality of diseases induced by alcohol are rising correspondingly. It has been stated that alcohol is consumed because it pro duces intoxication. This effect is due to its toxicological influence on the central nervous system with the resulting functional disturbances. For many years, the concept that alcoholic liver disease was of nutritional origin and only indirectly related to alcohol consumption and metabolism was accepted. Opinion has changed gradually in recent years and tends now to regard alcohol itself through its combustion, as responsible for many metabolic disorders. Interest in this problem has increased during the past decade, and numerous papers bearing on this subject have appeared. It seems that the oxidation of alcohol in the liver interferes in many ways with the intermediary metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins, including enzymes and hormones, and exerts damaging influence on the liver, the musculature, the heart, the brain and the kidneys. The "Workshop Symposium" brought together a limited number of the scientists involved in the new development, biochemists, physiologists, pharmacologists, pathologists and clinicians from eight European countries and from the United States and allowed a very lively and informal exchange. The symposium was honored by the presence of Sir Hans Krebs, whose vast experience stimulated the discussion. It is a great pleasure to dedicate this volume to Sir Hans on the occasion of his 70th birthday on August 25th."

In this issue of Medical Clinics, guest editor Melissa B. Weimer brings her considerable expertise to the topic of Substance Use Disorders. Provides in-depth, clinical reviews on the latest updates in Substance Use Disorders, providing actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field; Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create these timely topic-based reviews.

In this issue of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics, new Consulting Editor and Issue Guest Editor Justine Larson brings her considerable expertise in the latest hot topics in child and adolescent psychiatry. Top experts in the field cover key topics such as bullying, depression intervention, the biological effects of childhood trauma, childhood trauma and psychosis, and more. Provides in-depth, clinical reviews on the latest hot topics in child and adolescent psychiatry, providing actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field; Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create these timely topic-based reviews. Contains 15 relevant, practice-oriented topics including Social Media as It Interfaces with Psychosocial Development and Mental Illness in Transitional Age Youth; Mental Health Care of Detained Youth and Solitary Confinement and Restraint Within Juvenile Detention Facilities; Adverse Childhood Experiences, Resilience and Mindfulness-Based Approaches Common Denominator Issues for Children with Emotional, Mental, or Behavioral Problems; #KidsAnxiety and Social Media; and more.

Die Herausgeber prasentieren hier ausgewahlte Beitrage des 2. Nationalen Praventionskongresses, der gemeinsam mit dem 6. Deutschen Kongresses fur Versorgungsforschung durchgefuhrt wurde. Der wissenschaftliche Austausch zwischen praktisch tatigen Medizinern und Vertretern aller am Gesundheitssystem interessierten Experten verdeutlicht die Chancen des interdisziplinaren Dialogs fur die Versorgung gesundheitlich gefahrdeter und kranker Menschen.