The cervical spine is always examined initially using standard radiographs, which often provide a sufficient basis for diagno- sis. Malformations, tumours, more frequently trauma, rheuma- tism, and even plain neck pain require a radiological exam- ination. The interpretation of radiological images is often difficult because of overlapping pieces of bone, the summation phe- nomena and the diversity of projections. In this book, two- or three-dimensional CTscans accompany the standard radiographs, serving as an excellent aid for com- prehension. It is almost as if the reader actually had the bones shown in the radiographs in his hands. From then on, everything becomes easy, superimpositions vanish, traps come to light, anatomy triumphs, and the images takes on life. Besanl$on, 1990 J .-F. BONNEVILLE, F. CATTIN v Contents Introduction 1 Iconography and Text with Corresponding Schemes 2 Subject Index ...123 VII Normal cervical spine: 3-D imaging 1 1 2 Case 1 1 Our starting point is a normal lateral radiograph of the cervical spine. It will serve as a guide and point of reference in our task of comprehending the interrelationships between the structures of the cervical spine. This radiograph correctly includes the entire area from the base of the skull to the cervicothora- cic junction. The soft tissues are clearly visible anteriorly, as are the extremities of the spinous processes posteriorly. In this case, with the subject looking straight ahead, is a slight, regular, physiological lordosis ofthe cervical column.

This book focuses on the aerosol treatment of lung diseases, recent improvements in the understanding of proper dosage, and major innovations in device technology applied to clinical practice. Examines the behavior of inspired spherical particles in the respiratory tract! Featuring over 1300 references, drawings, tables, photographs, and micrographs, Drug Delivery to the Lung outlines the history of inhaled medications in the treatment of respiratory disease describes aspects of respiratory structure to inhalation therapy emphasizing developmental changes compares existing in vitro/in vivo correlations for key aerosol modalities with lung model predictions discusses particle diameter measurement, particle size statistics, and aerosol test methods reviews the clinical effects of altering the deposition site of various classes of aerosolized drugs surveys the development of novel, efficient, and convenient nebulizer systems details breath-actuated and spacer devices constructed for children analyzes dry-powder and pressurized metered dose inhalers considers the transition from CFCs to new environmentally friendly chemical propellants and more! Giving the clinician an overview of factors essential to understanding drug delivery via nebulization, Drug Delivery to the Lung is a superlative reference for pulmonologists; physiologists; pharmaceutical scientists; immunologists; allergists; analytical, organic, and medicinal chemists and biochemists; chemical, genetic, and process engineers; and medical and graduate school students in these disciplines.

Attaining professional success and finding personal happiness in academic medicine is not an easy path, yet both are critical if the future is to be brighter through better science, better clinical care, better training, better responsiveness to communities, and better stewardship and leadership in the health professions. This concise, easy to read title consists of "mini" chapters intended as a resource to assist early- and middle-career physicians, clinicians, and scientists in understanding the unique mission of academic medicine and building creative, effective, and inspiring careers in academic health organizations. Organized in eight sections, the Guide covers such areas as finding your path in academic medicine, getting established at an institution, approaching work with colleagues, writing and reviewing manuscripts, conducting empirical research, developing administrative skills, advancing your academic career, and balancing your professional and personal life. Each chapter includes pointers and valuable career and "best practices" strategies in relation to the topic area. An exciting addition to the professional development literature, Achievement and Fulfillment in Academic Medicine: A Comprehensive Guide is an indispensable resource for anyone seeking to achieve a fulfilling career in academic medicine.

This volume provides an interdisciplinary approach to this central research topic. Firstly, the hippocampus is presented generally as a model for experiments on neurotransmission in the central nervous system; secondly, special features of synaptic organisation and synaptic transmission in this area of the brain are introduced. Of particular note is the wide-ranging methodological approach which includes light and electron microscopy, immunocytochemistry, Golgi/EM techniques, intracellular differentiation and intracellular colorings, histochemistry of transmitter enzymes and receptoraudiography. The reader thereby gains insight into the broad scope of methodological possibilities for the examination of such a complex problem as neurotransmission in the hippocampus.

" ... well-structured with good "bullet" points, diagrams, and quality coloured pictures making it most easy to read. Overall, I considered this little gem a worthwhile possession for all trainees" - Postgraduate Medicine Journal First published in 2002, this popular handbook focuses on the practical application of clinical skills aimed specifically at medical students and doctors in training. This much-anticipated second edition remains readable, concise and pocket-sized, while being extensively updated to reflect the latest learning requirements. Existing chapters, including an overview of the general examination followed by chapters on examination specific to each body system, child health and mental health, are supplemented by the general practice consultation and a new chapter that brings the specialist clinical methods of previous chapters together and considers their application within and abbreviated timescale. Key features: * New edition of well-established and highly respected handbook focused on the needs of medical students and junior doctors * Reflects the expansion of the traditional skills of history taking and clinical examination, whilst ensuring complete familiarity with and understanding of the 'basics' * Places the patient at the centre of care recognising that good, compassionate communication with patients and their relatives contributes to satisfactory clinical outcomes * Video clips provide additional, illustrative guidance to good procedural practice - visit https://www.crcpress.com/cw/kopelman The second edition of this classic handbook continues to provide brief, readable chapters on important skills, enhanced by supplementary videos to demonstrate how they can be mastered and how they may be applied.

"More MRCP Part 1" provides five further mock MRCP type examination papers for quick self-assessment. It contains another collection of multiple choice questions used in the Bloomsbury MRCP Part 1 course and supplements the previously published volume: "Johnson/Pozniak, MRCP Part 1." Any candidate preparing for such examinations will find valuable guidelines as to the strengths and weaknesses of his knowledge.

Accessible, visually stimulating guide to clinical neuroanatomy, striking the perfect balance between regional and functional content Essential Clinical Neuroanatomy, 2nd Edition discusses the anatomy of the nervous system from the clinical perspective in easy-to-understand language, providing descriptions of the sensory, motor, and integration systems within the nervous system. Illustrations are included throughout in the clinical view using the axial radiologic standard of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. To enable seamless reader comprehension, the text includes case studies, study questions, boxes of interest to highlight the clinically relevant neuroanatomy, learning objectives, an outline of each chapter’s material to be covered, multiple choice questions, and further reading resources. Essential Clinical Neuroanatomy, 2nd Edition contains information on: Topics important to clinical medicine, but often neglected in other neuroanatomy texts, such as trauma, infection, and congenital considerations Includes recent reviews and references with a focus on the cortical chapter and the imaging chapter where there is significant ongoing research Two new chapters on the peripheral and autonomic nervous systems Use of imaging studies used in clinical neuroanatomy, including how to evaluate these images Neuroanatomy of the central nervous system, covering an overview of the nervous system, blood vessels, meninges, and ventricles, neurodevelopment, the spinal cord, brain stem, cerebellum and cortex Sensory, motor, and integration systems, covering the visual system, auditory and vestibular system, olfaction and taste, central motor control, the limbic system and cortical integration Essential Clinical Neuroanatomy, 2nd Edition is the perfect resource for medical and health science students taking a course on neuroanatomy and as an on-going companion during those first steps in clinical practice. The text is also useful for those reviewing neuroanatomy for major licensing or competency examinations (National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) United States Medical Licensure Exams (USMLE).

The Fifth International Symposium on Human Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism was held in San Diego, California (U. S. A. ) in July and August of 1985. Previous meetings in this series were held in Tel Aviv (Israel), Baden (Austria), Madrid (Spain) and Maastricht (The Netherlands). The proceedings of each of these meetings were published by Plenum. The next meeting will be in Japan. This Symposium differed from those that went before in that it per mitted us to honor Dr. J. E. Seegmiller, Professor of Medicine at the University of California San Diego, for his many contributions to our understanding of purine metabolism in man. This publication is dedicated as a Festschrift to Jay. Dr. Richard W. E. Watts delivered the keynote address outlining in scholarly fashion the history of Dr. Seegmiller's accomplishments in research on purine metabolism and the great number of currently active scientists in this field who have worked with him. This address is published as the first contribution to Volume I. Dr. Dewitt Stetten, Jr., was scheduled to be the speaker at our banquet. Unfortunate ly, he could not be with us. Dr. Seegmiller has written an appreciation of Dr. Stetten and his contributions to our field, and this has been pub lished following Dr. Watts' paper. The growth of knowledge in purine and pyrimidine metabolism continues to be exponential. The variety of subjects included in these volumes is impressive."

"The Elderly" is the third monograph in a series on management and treatment in major patient groups and subspecialties. Each book is complete in its own right. The whole series, however, has fill a gap between standard text-books of medicine been prepared to and therapeutics and research reviews, symposia and original arti cles in specialist fields. The aim of the series is to present up-to-date authoritative advice on patient management with particular refer ence to drug treatment. The first two volumes in the series, on gastrointestinal diseases and rheumatic diseases, were addressed to major therapeutic areas or subspecialties. The present volume, "The Elderly," is intended to provide overall guidance on the manage ment of a range of medical problems in elderly patients. The elderly make up an increasing proportion of the population and require a substantial proportion of health care resources. The management of elderly patients falls not only upon specialist geriatricians but also upon a range of others, including general practitioners, general physicians and almost all other medical specialists with the excep tion of paediatricians. It has become apparent in recent years that the management of disease in the elderly in general and drug treatment in particular presents new problems and challenges. Some of these relate to the wide spectrum of disease in elderly patients, in whom there is often multiple pathology, while others concern age-induced changes in drug handling or drug effect."

Among the more frequently quoted epidemiological facts in current public health discussions are: (a) the elderly today represent about 10% of the population of the industrialized world; (b) the third world nations are moving in the same direction; (c) the trend toward a growing proportion of the aged in the world population will continue over the next few decades; (d) people over 80 now represent the fa. stest growing sector in North America; (e) in the elderly, general morbidity - and particularly morbidity of the central nervous syste- is many times that in the younger popUlation; (f) 5% of those over 65 years of age and 20% of those over 80 suffer from some degree of dementia. A global tidal wave of patients suf fering from Alzheimer's disease (or senile dementia) is threat ening to engulf us by the year 2000. This disease, which is, at our present state of knowledge, ir reversible, and other age-related dementias are perhaps the most sinister forms of any disability. They deprive their vic tims not only of their physical capacities but also of their autonomy and their ability to think and to make decisions for themselves. The future cost of psychogeriatric diseases in terms of suffering for individuals, stress for families, demand for manpower, and budgetary requirements for governments could become astronomical."

This third edition of Genetic Counseling has been thoroughly revised to reflect current practice. In particular, the chapter on prenatal diagnosis (Chapter 10) has been largely rewritten and considerably expanded, reflecting the rapid develop ment in this field and its increasing medical importance. This chapter provides a detailed description of the alpha-fetoprotein test and a brief description of ultrasonography for the diagnosis of morphologic defects. Further, we discuss fetoscopy and the sampling of fetal blood with the aid of a fetoscope. In this as in past editions, these descriptions are not meant as working instructions for actual practice, but rather as background for the general practitioner who is dealing with the problems of genetic counseling. We have added a chapter (Chapter 7) on the use of conditional probability (Bayes Principle) for the calculation of more exact specific risk figures. It is true that the daily practice of medicine sees far fewer situations in which these methods can reasonably be applied than some theoreticians like to think. However, the usefulness of these methods has recently increased, especially in cases of X-chromosomal recessive diseases where the termination of a preg nancy, if the fetus has been ascertained to be male and if the mother is "most probably" heterozygous, has become more commonplace. With such a trend, the degree of probability must be determined as exactly as possible."

Drugs may cause disease, or they may aggravate the morbidity of the condition for which they are prescribed, and certain patients may for one or other reason be particularly liable to drug injury. The inextricable relationships between the toxic profiles of drugs, the natural history of the diseases for which they are given, and the adverse drug effects that may develop in the course of such diseases are of considerable interest. It is the study of these rather neglected aspects of pharmacology and therapeutics which has formed the basis of this book. An explanation is required of the approach and the style which have been followed. The monograph does not purport to be comprehensive. Only important drug groups which are commonly used in practice are considered. Emphasis has been placed on achieving maximum benefit and safety of the appropriate drugs in the management of common illnesses. When treatment fails, either ab initio or subsequent to an initial response, the risk-benefit relationship of drugs inevitably alters. For this reason the main factors responsible for treatment failure have been considered, with special attention to the possible contribution of or implications for drug therapy in such a situation. Finally, proposals have been put forward for improving the diagnosis and reporting of adverse drug effects. In order to be practical and, as far as possible, constructive it has been necessary for me to "take a position" on numerous issues.

This issue of Medical Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Jeffrey H. Samet, Patrick G. O'Connor, and Michael D. Stein, is devoted to Substance Use and Addiction Medicine. Articles in this outstanding issue include: Making Unhealthy Substance Use a Part of Behavioral Health Integration in Primary Care; The Inpatient Addiction Consult Medical Service: Expertise for Hospitalized Patients with Complex Addiction Problems; The Addiction Physician Workforce: Addiction Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine Collaboration in a New Age; Preventing Opioid Overdose in the Clinic and Hospital: Analgesia and Opioid Antagonists; The Role of Non-Traditional Maintenance Treatments: Injectable Opioid Agonist Therapies and Managed Alcohol Programs; Office-Based Addiction Treatment (OBAT) in Primary Care: Models that Work; Alcohol Use Disorder Pharmacotherapy: the Use of FDA and non-FDA Approved Medications; When and How to Treat Possible Cannabis Use Disorder; Clinical Presentations of New Drugs with Abuse Potential; Use of Technology in Addiction Therapy; Sleep Management Among Patients with Substance Use Disorders; Pain Management Among Patients with Substance Use Disorders; E-Cigarettes: A Path to Recovery or a Road to Hell?; Are Adolescent and Young Adults Different When Addressing Substance Use Disorders?; and Smoking Cessation for Those in Recovery from Substance Use Disorders.

Remarkable developments in the field of transplantation have created opportunities to address the formidable challenges of transplantation across histocompatibility barriers, stem cell expansion, and prevention of complications and generation of graft-vs-tumor activity to eradicate residual disease. Stem Cell Transplantation for Hematologic and Other Disorders, Second Edition provides a glimpse into potential future applications of bone marrow derived stem cells in the field of cardiac repair. The updated chapters introduce the biologic underpinnings of hematopoietic cell transplantation, basic stem cell biology, immunobiology, and histocompatibility, with emphasis on indications and results of transplantation for specific diseases. Written by experts in the field, Stem Cell Transplantation for Hematologic Disorders, Second Edition provides seasoned professionals with a complete understanding of the current state of transplantation biology as well as a clear vision into the future.

Das vorliegende Buch umfaBt die Vortrage eines Symposiums, das von der Sektion Klinische Geriatrie der Deutschen Gesellschaft fUr Gerontologie im Oktober 1981 in Frankfurt unter dem Thema" Tagesklinische Behandlung im A Iter" ausgerichtet wurde. Diese Form der klinischen Behandlung alter Menschen stellt eine Herausforderung an das herkommliche Konzept der vollstationaren Versorgung im Krankenhaus und in anderen Institutionen dar. Die negativen Auswirkungen der Hospitalisierung und In- stitutionalisierung auf alte Menschen sind bekannt. Das Krankenbett bedeutet haufig Verlust der Eigenstandigkeit, zunehmende Abhangigkeit sowie Verlust familiarer und sozialer Bindungen. Dazu kommt die vollstandige Obertragung der Verantwortlich- keiten fUr den alten Patienten von Angehorigen auf die Institutionen. Die Tagesklinik kann fUr einen bestimmten Patientenkreis die vollstationare Behand- lung abktirzen oder ganz vermeiden und gleichzeitig medizinische Diagnostik und Therapie nach klinischen Gesichtspunkten anbieten. Wir haben aufgrund unserer Er- fahrungen in Frankfurt gelernt, daB der fUr die tagesklinische Behandlung geeignete Patientenkreis wesentlich groBer ist, als wir zu Beginn unserer Arbeit vermutet haben. In unserem Behandlungskonzept steht die Tagesklinik gleichberechtigt neb en der voll- stationaren Behandlung im Krankenhaus und ist keinesfalls ein untergeordnetes An- hangsel. Daruber hinaus mtissen angesichts der standig steigenden Kosten im Krankenhauswe- sen und der demoskopischen Verschiebungen in der Altersstruktur der Bevolkerung al- ternative Wege beschritten werden, urn den in Zukunft noch steigenden Bedarf an ma- teriellem und personellem Aufwand fUr die medizinische Versorgung alter Menschen bewaltigen zu konnen. Die tagesklinische Behandlung ist eine solche Alternative.

I have been much absorbed in David Cope's poetry as necessary continuation of tradition of lucid grounded sane objectivism in poetry following the visually solid practice of Charles Reznikoff & William Carlos Williams. Though the notions of 'objectivism' were common for many decades among U. S. poets, there is not a great body of direct-sighted "close to the nose" examples of poems that hit a certain ideal objectivist mark-"No ideas but in things" consisting of "minute particulars" in which "the natural object is always the adequate symbol," works of language wherein "the mind is clamped down on objects," and where these "Things are symbols of themselves. " The poets I named above specialized in this refined experiment, and Pound touched on the subject as did Zukofsky and Bunting, and lesser but inter esting figures such as Marsden Hartley in his little known poetry, and more romantic writers such as D. H. Lawrence. In this area of phanopoeiac "focus," the sketching of particulars by which a motif is recognizably significant, David Cope has made, by the beginning of his third decade, the largest body of such work that I know of among poets of his own generation. Allen Ginsberg Table of Contents Foreword, Allen Ginsberg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v THE STARS The Line-up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Empty Street . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 The River. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Down on the Farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 The Storm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 American Dream. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 . . . . . . . . . . Baseball. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . Crash. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 . Lunch Hour. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Winter Camp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Circle of Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 . . . . . . . . . . GO Labor Day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 . . . . . . . . . . . Peace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . ."

The last thirty years have seen an unprecedented increase in the discovery of new drugs, and moreover, these drugs, unlike many of the nostra of former times, have varied and powerful pharmacological actions. The occurrence of one or two "drug disasters," together with a change in public attitudes, has made it necessary for governments to introduce legislation to control the intro duction and release of new therapeutic agents, and most countries in the Western World have some form of drug licensing agency. Whole series of regulations have appeared which aim at discovering and defining the toxicity of new drugs. Many of these regulations rely heavily on testing drugs in animals before they are used in man, and at present very extensive and prolonged animal studies are required by most licensing authorities. It is most opportune that Professor Folb has decided to review the present position in this monograph. It is not only inhumane but also wasteful of time and money if extensive animal experiments which have little or no relevance to the human situation are carried out; furthermore, such results may even be dangerously misleading. There is little doubt that some preliminary animal investigations are necessary, but it is essential to keep their relevance under continuous review and to adopt a critical and flexible approach rather than heap regulation upon regulation."

Pravention lasst sich am besten mit vorausschauender Problemvermeidung ubersetzen. Seit der Ottawa-Charta der Weltgesundheitsorganisation gelten Pravention und Gesundheitsforderung als die geeignetsten Instrumente, dem Kostenanstieg im Gesundheitswesen durch Vermeidung des Sozialversicherungsfalls entgegenzuwirken; mit andern Worten: durch Vermeidung von Bedarf an Behandlung, Rehabilitation und Pflege. Die lange politische Missachtung des Praventionsansatzes und seine kaum mehr nennenswerte offentliche Forderung haben zu einer volligen Unterentwicklung hierzulande beigetragen. Der 1. Nationale Praventionskongress will einen Neuanfang in Sachen Pravention und Gesundheitsforderung, und er will in diesem Zusammenhang eine zukunftig starkere Zusammenarbeit zwischen Wissenschaft und Praxis anstossen."

Coronary heart disease is the principal cause of death in all Western countries. Abnormalities in the serum lipids are one of the major risk factors widely recognised as leading to this epidemic of heart disease. These abnormalities occur very com monly in the general community and in general practice, and practitioners are pre vailed upon daily to provide specific advice about diet and cholesterol and to interpret chemical estimations. This is a very emotive area of medicine, one where often the patients most active in seeking advice have the least to gain. On the other hand, there may be young people carrying a severe coronary risk, knowingly or not, who prefer to avoid risk factor in tervention. There are strong vested interests in the commercial world who would prefer to overlook any therapeutic value of dietary modification for selected in dividuals, and others who see great merit in a particular diet. The pharmaceutical in dustry has a vested interest in the cholesterol story as well. The individual doctor needs to decide for himself whether the cholesterol issue requires action or not, and for this he needs access to up to date and relevant data. This is one of the purposes of this book. The use of lipid-lowering therapy is usually quite a straightforward exercise for any medical practitioner, once the decision has been taken to initiate it.

Wahrend uber die Moglichkeiten und Grenzen bildgebender Verfahren in der Detektion und Diagnostik von Raumforderungen der Oberbauchorgane, insbesondere der Leber, eine Vielzahl von Publikationen existieren, sind Veroffentlichungen uber die Wertigkeit, die klinische Relevanz und den differenzierten Einsatz von bildgebenden diagnostischen Untersuchungsverfahren zur Abklarung von Milzveranderungen rar. Zudem wurden in der Vergangenheit meist nur einzelne Kasuistiken veroffentlicht. Der Grund hierfur liegt in der Seltenheit umschriebener Milzprozesse. In der vorliegenden klinischen Studie wurden retrospektiv die im Zeitraum von Januar 1996 bis Dezember 2003 am Institut fur Pathologie der Universitatsklinik Regensburg erhobenen makroskopischen histologischen Diagnosen von fokalen und diffusen Lasionen der Milz gesammelt, kategorisiert und analysiert. Durch anschliessenden Vergleich der Detektions- und diagnostischen Ergebnisse der bildgebenden Befunde aus den Ultraschalluntersuchungen (konventionell-native B-Mode- und kontrastmittelunterstutzte Sonographie), den Schnittbildverfahren (Computer- und Magnetresonanztomographie) sowie der nuklearmedizinischen bildgebenden Diagnostik (Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie) mit dem durch radikale oder partielle Milzexstirpation oder Probebiopsie gewonnenen histologischen Material und den daraus abgeleiteten Validitatsparametern lassen sich der klinische Stellenwert und die Grenzen dieser bildgebenden Verfahren in der Milzdiagnostik verdeutlichen. Besondere Bedeutung kommt dabei der Beantwortung der Frage nach einem moglichst effizienten und effektiven Einsatz der trennscharfsten bildgebenden Untersuchungsverfahren sowie der Entscheidung fur deren seriellen oder parallelen Einsatz in der Primar- und weiterfuhrenden Diagnostik zu