Participatory epidemiology is a branch of veterinary epidemiology that uses a combination of practitioner communication skills and participatory methods to involve animal keepers in the analysis of animal disease problems, and the design, implementation and evaluation of veterinary programmes and policies. Much of the early development of participatory epidemiology occurred in remote areas of Africa, where conventional veterinary services were limited, but where pastoralists possessed rich indigenous knowledge on animal diseases. This book presents some of the early studies on participatory epidemiology in East Africa, and assesses the validity and reliability of the approach by comparing information derived from adapted participatory methods with conventional veterinary investigation and epidemiological information. Field research with pastoralist communities in South Sudan, Kenya and Tanzania is described, covering cattle diseases such as "chronic wasting," trypanosomiasis, and foot and mouth disease. These validation studies demonstrated why participatory epidemiology was an important approach for improving livestock disease control and human welfare in resource-poor settings.

Lactating Nili-Ravi Buffaloes were injected rbST (500 mg/16 day) to observe effect on milk production, composition, physiological profile, minerals of serum, milk and mammary health biomarkers. Respiration rate was significantly high after day 1 of first injection and low during days 24, 28 and 32 of second injection irrespective of their groups. Overall mean ESR, neutrophils percent decreased and lymphocytes percent increased significantly in bST treated as compared to control buffaloes. The overall increase in milk production was 9.31% from bST treated buffaloes. Overall mean milk lactose increased significantly and milk fat was 1.03% higher (P 0.05) in bST treated buffaloes. Milk calcium, magnesium, sodium, chloride and phosphorus increased significantly. Serum calcium and sodium did increase (P 0.05) while magnesium, potassium, chloride, and phosphorus did decrease (P 0.05) in bST injected buffaloes. A significant increase in milk plasminogen and a decrease in milk plasmin was observed in bST treated buffaloes. Serum ALT, paraoxonase, MDA were significantly high and alkaline phosphatase and the AOS decreased significantly in bST injected buffaloes.

This research addressed two important issues concerning conservation of orang-utans in Indonesia, the prevalence of diseases in orang-utans at reintroduction centres and the extent of intra-subspecific genetic variation between isolated populations of Bornean orang-utans. The research was conducted at the Wanariset Orang-utan Reintroduction Centre in East Kalimantan from 1994 to 1997, and at the Biomedical Primate Research Centre in the Netherlands in 1998. Studies were designed to identify and determine the prevalence of diseases, specifically gastro-intestinal parasites, tuberculosis and certain viral diseases. Further studies defined the factors associated with mortalities of orang-utans at the reintroduction centre. A molecular study using mitochondrial DNA was undertaken to determine whether there was significant genetic diversity between six isolated populations of wild orang-utans within Borneo. It was concluded that there are at least four genetically distinct populations of Bornean orang-utans. The findings of this research are discussed in terms of the implications for management policies for reintroduction centres, as well as for the conservation of wild populations.

This practical manual and reference book for Veterinary and Medical students, teachers and researchers deals with diagnosis of infectious diseases. Agglutination, Precipitation,Immunoelectrophoresis, Haemagglutination, Complement Fixation, ELISA, Western Blotting, Lymphocyte Assays, Immunofluorescence, Flow Cytometry, Nucleic Acid isolation, PCR, RT-PCR, Real time PCR, gene cloning and sequencing, Avian Influenza, Rabies, Brucellosis, Plague, Anthrax, Leptospirosis, Burkholderia, Orientia and Parasitic infections, Differentiation of Infected and Vaccinated Animals in FMD and Bacteriophages are covered. Authors include Dr HV Batra, a consultant to WHO & FAO who has developed many diagnostic kits, Prof R Sharma, who heads a Reference Laboratory on FMD and has developed a DIVA kit, Dr M Rawat, who has cloned the lysin gene of a bacteriophage, Prof H M Saxena, an Immunologist, who has introduced novel modifications to enhance the sensitivity of Agglutination Test, Prof C K Singh, trained at Institut Pasteur, Paris and an expert in Rabies diagnosis, Prof Ramneek, a Virologist trained at New Zealand and Dr Debjani, a Cytometry specialist.

The response of (laboratory) animals to anaesthetics and analgesics shows intraspecies variability. Besides environmental influences, genetic factors might be involved in this phenomenon. In the studies described in this book, rabbit and rat inbred strains were used to identify differences in response to anaesthetics and analgesics. Parameters for a genetic analysis were thus provided to identify candidate genes involved in this variability. Both in the rat and rabbit,significant strain differences were observed in the response to a variety of commonly used anaesthetics and analgesics in (laboratory animal) medicine. The difference in response to medetomidine between two rabbit strains was linked to differences in the anaesthetic's biotransformation rate. This response was then genetically analyzed and candidate genes were identified on the rabbit genetic map. In the rats it was demonstrated that buprenorphine administration did not only result in strain-specific responses to its analgesic but also to its behavioural effects. This book will aid medical and veterinary researchers in the development of tailored anaesthesia.

Creature Comfort: Veterinary Medicine for Pet Lovers and Future Doctors.The basics of veterinary medicine for anyone who loves animals, for those who aspire to become a veterinarian, or for pet lovers who just want the inside scoop.Do you know someone who has always wanted to be a veterinarian? Is it you?Whether you´re ten years old or seventy, pet-lovers of all ages will enjoy this reader-friendly handbook on the basics of veterinary medicine. What does it take to become a veterinarian? Do I have to get straight A´s in school? How many years does it take?What do veterinarians do? What´s the difference between a small animal and a large animal veterinarian, or those who specialize in exotic animals, or reptiles, or birds, or emergency?Why do we spay and neuter? How are surgeries performed for animals? Why do they need vaccinations? Why do they need their teeth cleaned?Whether you´re planning a career in veterinary medicine or you´re just curious and you love animals, Creature Comfort: Veterinary Medicine for Pet Lovers and Future Doctors explains the basics in an engaging format with plenty of photos of our furry, four-legged friends. A portion of the proceeds from this book is donated to animal welfare organizations.

This book includes a review of the pathophysiology of acute colitis in the adult horse and discussion of the more common etiologies for this condition and treatment options available to the equine clinician. The aim of the clinical study performed and documented was to evaluate the use of a hyperimmunized plasma containing high concentration of antibodies against Clostridium difficile, Clostridium perfringens and Salmonella sp in a referral population of equine colitis cases.Forty two horses were enrolled and 38 horses completed the study. At study admission clinical and clinicopathological parameters, other than fecal frequency score were comparable between the groups. Fecal frequency score was significantly different between the treatment groups (p=0.003). The mean duration of diarrhea was 40.79.8 hours (mean SEM), 119.256.1 hours and 72.024.5 hours for the hyperimmunized plasma, normal plasma and control groups respectively. This data confirms the hyperimmunized plasma used in this study decreased the time to resolution of diarrhea.

Camels as productive animals are considered one of the primary fundamental constituents of animal population. Healthiness of this part of animal populations required healthy respiratory, urinary, skin, reproductive and musculoskeletal systems with especial attention to digestive system because camel to be productive animal needs healthy alimentary tract. The prevention of the diseases rather than treatment becomes the main aim in the veterinary medicine. Therefore, general clinical examination (temperature, pulse, respiration, mucous membranes and lymphnodes), ruminal and blood constituents were found to be the most important diagnostic and prognostic measures for health and disease conditions.

The Sciences of Animal Welfare analyses the diverse, interconnecting subjects which constitute this fascinating multidisciplinary field, whilst also considering the limitations and benefits of those subjects to the development and future of Animal Welfare Science. This book examines past, present and future practices and thinking, including the wide-ranging interests within society that influence attitudes towards animals and conversely how animal welfare scientists may influence those attitudes. Key themes of the book include: * Multi-disciplinary working and its benefits: how we can obtain fresh insights, enliven our thinking and improve animal welfare by operating widely within diverse disciplines * Questioning the fundamental assumptions we each make about animals and their functional capabilities. The authors acknowledge the field's debt to past successes in animal-based science disciplines, successes that markedly improved animal welfare long before the concept of animal welfare entered common parlance. They also recognise the problems which unexpectedly arose, and anticipate future successes. Suggesting innovative approaches to Animal Welfare Science, and written by world renowned experts, The Sciences of Animal Welfare is essential reading for anyone interested, studying or currently working in Animal Welfare Science. This book is part of the UFAW/Wiley-Blackwell Animal Welfare Book Series. This major series of books produced in collaboration between UFAW (The Universities Federation for Animal Welfare), and Wiley-Blackwell provides an authoritative source of information on worldwide developments, current thinking and best practice in the field of animal welfare science and technology. For details of all of the titles in the series see www.wiley.com/go/ufaw .

Aim of this study was to select environmental E. coli isolates that produced colicins against the swine pathogen E. coli K88+. In initial evaluation using a modified plate method with 18 colicinogenic E. coli constructs, colicins E3, E4, E5, E9, Ia, K and N were found to possess inhibitory activity against 12 ETEC K88+ strains. A total of 463 environmental isolates from cattle rumen, cattle feces, pig feces and hog manure-amended soil were screened for colicin production by a modified plate test. Further, colicinogenic isolates were screened for five toxin genes LT, STa, STb, VT1 and VT2 as well as K88 (F4) fimbriae using PCR reactions. Fourteen non-pathogenic isolates were subjected to characterization of colicin genes by PCR using 9 new primer sequences, antibiotic susceptibilities and substrate utilization. Two potential probiotic strains of E. coli, UM-2 and UM-7 which produced colicins that could utilize potato starch and inulin were selected for in-vitro competition with E. coli K88+ strain 2-12. In vitro competition between the synbiotics and E. coli K88+ revealed inhibition of E. coli K88+. Animal testing of these strains is currently being undertaken.

This Volume 1 of a two-volume work is the first textbook to offer a practical yet comprehensive approach to clinical ophthalmology in wild and exotic invertebrates, fishes, amphibia, reptiles, and birds. A phylogenetic approach is used to introduce the ecology and importance of vision across all creatures great and small before focusing on both the diverse aspects of comparative anatomy and clinical management of ocular disease from one species group to the next. Edited by three of the most esteemed authorities in exotic animal ophthalmology, this two-volume work is separated into non-mammalian species (Volume 1: Invertebrates, Fishes, Amphibians, Reptiles, and Birds) and Mammals (Volume 2: Mammals). Wild and Exotic Animal Ophthalmology, Volumes 1 and 2 is an essential collection for veterinary ophthalmologists and other veterinary practitioners working with wild and exotic animals.

One of the Financial Times' Best Summer Books of 2022 'A compelling account of the trials, tribulations and triumphs of life as a vet - and a lesson to us all on how we should treat the animals with which we share our lives.' - Stephen Moss, naturalist and author Dr Sean Wensley is an award-winning vet and lifelong naturalist who has contributed to animal welfare and conservation projects all over the world. His debut book is about how we can choose a better life for animals, from the chickens we eat to the pets we keep. As our societies become more urbanised, we are further removed from the reality of where and how our food is produced. Surveys suggest that nearly 1 in 4 UK adults don't know that bacon comes from pigs. On the opposite end of the spectrum, the humanisation of our pets is a risk to their welfare; with over 60% of UK dogs being overweight or obese, we are effectively killing them with kindness. Through A Vet's Eyes seeks to redress this imbalance so that we see all animals as thinking, feeling beings not dissimilar to ourselves. As he takes us through the years in which he trained to become a vet, and set against a backdrop of inspiring natural spectacles, Dr Wensley shares his first-hand experience of how animals are treated and used for our benefit. He interrogates the different levels of welfare afforded to them and reveals how we the general consumer can reduce our animal welfare footprint through the choices we make every day.

1910. An introductory text to the study of veterinary physiology for the student and practitioner. Contents: The Blood; The Heart; The Blood vessels; Respiration; Digestion; The Liver and Pancreas; Absorption; Ductless Glands and Internal Secretions; The Skin; The Urine; Nutrition; Animal Heat; The Muscular System; The Nervous System; The Senses; The Locomotor Apparatus; The Foot; Generation and Development; Growth, Decay and Death; and The Chemical Constituents of the Body.

This scarce antiquarian book is included in our special Legacy Reprint Series. In the interest of creating a more extensive selection of rare historical book reprints, we have chosen to reproduce this title even though it may possibly have occasional imperfections such as missing and blurred pages, missing text, poor pictures, markings, dark backgrounds and other reproduction issues beyond our control. Because this work is culturally important, we have made it available as a part of our commitment to protecting, preserving and promoting the world's literature.

Flies that have any direct effect on Man are only a small proportion of the eighty to one hundred thousand species which constitute the Order Diptera. "To discuss adequately a group so rich and varied it is necessary to particularize, mentioning the names of species, genera, families or larger groups," writes Professor Oldroyd. Yet, he has tried to present more of a picture of flies in evolution than a discussion of classification and arrangement. Part One is a general description of flies and their life histories: eggs, larvae, pupae, and adult flies. Part Two surveys the flies in sixteen groups, in what appears to be an ascending order of evolution, as seen from the viewpoint of natural history. "When I point out similarities of habit I do not necessarily wish to maintain that the flies concerned are closely related," he writes. "On the contrary, it cannot be overemphasized that flies have made the same evolutionary experiments again and again, and much of the interest in studying them is to see how different groups tackle similar problems." Part Three deals with the effects of flies on Man, the communal behaviour of flies, and their future in a rapidly changing world.

This scarce antiquarian book is included in our special Legacy Reprint Series. In the interest of creating a more extensive selection of rare historical book reprints, we have chosen to reproduce this title even though it may possibly have occasional imperfections such as missing and blurred pages, missing text, poor pictures, markings, dark backgrounds and other reproduction issues beyond our control. Because this work is culturally important, we have made it available as a part of our commitment to protecting, preserving and promoting the world's literature.

This reprint of an 1851 classic contains the necessary information so that "Every Man can be his Own Cattle Doctor." Included is information for preserving the health and curing the diseases of oxen, cows, sheep, and swine, with a great variety of individual recipes and valuable information in reference to farm and dairy management. The principles taught in the work are: "that all medication shall be subservient to nature; that all medicinal agents must be sanative in their operation, and administered with a view of aiding the vital powers, instead of depressing, as heretofore, with the lancet and poison."

This scarce antiquarian book is included in our special Legacy Reprint Series. In the interest of creating a more extensive selection of rare historical book reprints, we have chosen to reproduce this title even though it may possibly have occasional imperfections such as missing and blurred pages, missing text, poor pictures, markings, dark backgrounds and other reproduction issues beyond our control. Because this work is culturally important, we have made it available as a part of our commitment to protecting, preserving and promoting the world's literature.