The European Association of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging publishes the EAVDI yearbook to provide members with high quality review articles on current topics, translated article abstracts from non-English journals, and original articles. This issue of the EAVDI yearbook is an excellent addition to the library of those interested in small animal advanced imaging including CT, MRI, and nuclear scintigraphy, as well as equine radiography and MRI imaging. The magic angle effect in magnetic resonance imaging of the horse: a review Lameness and asymmetric distribution of osteopaenia without facial swelling in a pregnant mare with suspected nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism Radiography and radiology of the equine skull: Normal anatomy and common pathologies Small animal nuclear medicine Advanced diagnostic imaging of abdominal neoplasia in small animals Translation of abstracts from non-English journals Abstracts from the 2010 EAVDI-BID meeting

This text aims to provide the reader with information on the use of flower essence remedies in the treatment of animals of all kinds. Every year millions of family pets as well as farm animals, often physically fit and healthy, are destroyed because of unruly behaviour, incontinence, excessive noisiness, aggression, possessiveness, destructiveness and other problems. This is avoidable. A correction to the problem can be brought about by the use of flower remedies.;This book describes emotions in animals and their influence on behaviour. Each of the 38 Bach flower remedies are described with their application in the treatment of a range of domestic animals including horses. Diagnostic symptoms, animal by animal, together with appropriate treatment regimes are illustrated with case histories.

Aquaculture is one of the world's fastest growing food production sectors, as fish farming can offers an alternative solution to the increasing market demand for fish and fish protein. The successful productivity of fish depends mainly on water quality which includes the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of water. It is of paramount importance that fish farmers prudent water quality management for optimizing the conditions of water for optimum fish productivity. Therefore, this book will participate to give complete overview on the evaluation of the hygienic quality of water used for different stages of fish production during the production period and investigation the relationship between physical, chemical and bacteriological quality of pond's water and fish performance (growth and survival rates).

Cyanide is widely distributed in the ecosystem and has been linked with lethal effects in animals as well as humans. Cyanide toxicity may be the result of intake from food sources, environmental pollution, intentional ingestion, chemical warfare, occupational exposure, homicide, and sometimes through the use of drugs like nitroprusside and laetrile.Cyanide intake has been linked to central nervous system syndromes and thyroid in animals as well as humans. This book covers the following aspects. 1) cyanogenic potential of various sorghum species. 2) cyanide levels in blood samples of cattle, buffaloes, sheep and goats feeding on cyanogenic plants. 3)new simple, reliable and inexpensive assay to determine CN levels in blood samples. 4)efficacy of various antidotes against cyanide toxicity. 5) effects of cyanide toxicity on hematological and biochemical panel. 6) postmortem lesions and histopathological changes associated with cyanide toxicity in various organs. 6) alterations in tissue oxygenation and metabolic variables during acute cyanide toxicity."

Amy Richards is deathly ill with bulimia, brought on by the death of her brother in the Iraq war. Her father, a doctor, and her mother, a librarian, are frantic. In their desperation, they bring into the household a loving dog named Wendy, leaving Amy in charge of her care during the day. Much to her chagrin, Amy has to get out of bed to let the dog out. When outside, she smells the lilacs and begins to feel that maybe there is something to live for. She attends veterinary classes at her university and discovers that she loves caring for animals despite having to face man's cruelty toward them. When she apprentices in a veterinary office, she gets herself into trouble at a puppy mill and finds her budding career in jeopardy.

To put animals and nature, the Earth's life community, first, and not just our own species, is a new way of thinking. It is a major evolutionary step for Homo sapiens. This book takes the reader beyond the polemics of animal rights and the imperatives of environmental protection into the deeper realms of animal consciousness, the 'empathosphere.' and the healing powers of nature where the call for humane planetary stewardship and enlightened self-interest converge. Written by a veterinarian with doctoral degrees in medicine and animal behavior, and with a lifetime of advocating animal and environmental protection, this book addresses the dictum of Socrates that "a life unexamined is a life unlived." Exploring values, perceptions and beliefs that are embedded historically in our culture from various religious, political, economic and social roots, Animals and Nature First shows why and how this new way of thinking and relating to other living beings is ultimately enlightened self-interest. It is an integral aspect of our recovery, economically, socially, politically and spiritually. Animal well-being and the health of the natural environment are inseparable from the health, well-being and the ultimate fate of humanity.

In this second collection by our intrepid vet, Jeff Wells has his work cut out for him when he learns that Ilamas do not take kindly to having their toenails trimmed, dog owners in the medical field can be a real pain, Scottish Highland cattle stick together and just might run a vet out of their enclosure, and fixing an overly amorous burro often needs to be prioritized. We also find out what inspired a young Jeff to become a vet, and how his own pets enrich his life. Told with Wells' trademark humour and gentle touch, these and many other heart-warming, heart-breaking, funny and strange stories will give readers a whole new appreciation for those who care for our pets.

1910. An introductory text to the study of veterinary physiology for the student and practitioner. Contents: The Blood; The Heart; The Blood vessels; Respiration; Digestion; The Liver and Pancreas; Absorption; Ductless Glands and Internal Secretions; The Skin; The Urine; Nutrition; Animal Heat; The Muscular System; The Nervous System; The Senses; The Locomotor Apparatus; The Foot; Generation and Development; Growth, Decay and Death; and The Chemical Constituents of the Body.

Contemporary and challenging, this thought-provoking book outlines a number of the key dilemmas in animal welfare for today's, and tomorrow's, world. The issues discussed range from the welfare of hunted animals, to debates around intensive farming versus sustainability, and the effects of climate and environmental change. The book explores the effects of fences on wild animals and human impacts on carrion animals; the impacts of tourism on animal welfare; philosophical questions about speciesism; and the quality and quantity of animal lives. The welfare impacts of human-animal interactions are explored, including human impacts on marine mammals, fish, wildlife, and companion and farm animals. Animal Welfare in a Changing World provides: Concise, opinion-based views on important issues in animal welfare by world experts and key opinion leaders. Pieces based on experience, which balance evidence-based approaches and the welfare impacts of direct engagement through training, campaigning and education. A wide-ranging collection of examples and descriptions of animal welfare topics which outline dilemmas in the real world, that are sometimes challenging, and not always comfortable reading. This is a 'must-read' book for animal and veterinary scientists, ethologists, policy and opinion leaders, NGOs, conservation biologists and anyone who feels passionately about the welfare of animals

Wound management is a concern for all health care providers both in animals and humans. The public is currently avoiding the use of Antibiotics due to antibiotic resistance. Aloe vera and honey are among many readily available, inexpensive, naturally-occurring substances that have been used in wound management during the last few decades. Aloe vera grows in a wide variety of climate and the gel can be locally produced and used in households to promote wound healing at a low cost. Honey is readily available, simple to use and effective on wound healing. This book contains some information on the comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of topical Aloe vera gel, honey and the conventional oxytetracycline (OTe spray on wound healing where guinea pigs were used as experimental animals. Overall results showed that A. vera gel and honey had better effects on wound healing therefore recommended for use in order to reduce the current overuse of antibiotics. Where necessary however, topical antibiotics should be used cautiously with the risk of antibiotic resistance in mind.

The use of artificial reproduction techniques and cryopreservation biotechnology can support species conservation. Gametes and embryos cryopreservation and banks of frozen germplasm can be used in species conservation programs and genetic resource for "in situ" and "ex situ" populations. However, environmental factors, such as type of enclosure, number of animals per enclosure and animal-keeper interactions, therefore stress, diseases, nutritional deficiencies, genetics and behavioral alterations may affect semen and oocytes quality in order to be important for successful feline reproduction in captivity. This book describes the first assessment of ovarian, ultrastructural, immunological and hormonal responses in nondomestic cats (Leopardus pardalis and Leopardus tigrinus) treated with alternating exogenous gonadotropin regimens. These findings are potentially valuable for our ongoing efforts to develop and apply assisted reproduction technologies to the management and conservation of endangered felid populations.

Recent interest in how poultry are housed and managed in order to ensure profitability, sustainability, and good levels of animal welfare, are challenging issues that commercial poultry keepers face, particularly where legislation is bringing about legal requirements for housing. This book compares and contrasts alternative housing with conventional and traditional systems for commercial poultry (laying hens, meat chickens, turkeys, waterfowl and gamebirds) with regards to welfare, disease, health, nutrition, sustainability and genotype-environment interaction.

The rst goal of the livestock production is the delivery of safe foods for human consumption taking into account the welfare of the animal and respect for the environment. The poultry industry has become an important economic activity in many countries. In large-scale rearing facilities, where poultry are exposed to stressful conditions, problems related to diseases and deterioration of environmental conditions often occur and result in serious economic losses. Prevention and control of diseases have led during recent decades to a substantial increase in the use of veterinary medicines. However, the utility of antimicrobial agents as a preventive measure has been questioned, given extensive documentation of the evolution of antimicrobial resistance among pathogenic bacteria. So, the possibility of antibiotics ceasing to be used as growth stimulants for poultry and the concern about the side-effects of their use as therapeutic agents has produced a climate in which both consumer and manufacturer are looking for alternatives. Probiotics are being considered to fill this gap and already some farmers are using them in preference to antibiotics.

After leading a regional office in Africa that studied ticks and tick-borne diseases, Rupert Pegram received a call in 1994 that changed his life. His higher ups wanted him to lead a new program in the Caribbean. The Caribbean Amblyomma Program, known as the CAP, sought to eliminate the Amblyomma tick from the Caribbean region. The stakes were high because ticks transmit terrible diseases. Today, the tropical pest introduced from Africa threatens to invade large areas of the south and central parts of North America. By learning about the progress, setbacks, political and financial constraints, and final heartbreak of failure in the Caribbean, the rest of world can discover how to fight the growing problem. Learn why the CAP program failed and how the Caribbean farmers who were let down by the program suffered. This history and analysis conveys the need to re-establish vigorous research to eradicate tick-borne illnesses. Ticks are invading the larger world, and there are serious implications. They found much of their strength during Thirteen Years of Hell in Paradise.

Participatory epidemiology is a branch of veterinary epidemiology that uses a combination of practitioner communication skills and participatory methods to involve animal keepers in the analysis of animal disease problems, and the design, implementation and evaluation of veterinary programmes and policies. Much of the early development of participatory epidemiology occurred in remote areas of Africa, where conventional veterinary services were limited, but where pastoralists possessed rich indigenous knowledge on animal diseases. This book presents some of the early studies on participatory epidemiology in East Africa, and assesses the validity and reliability of the approach by comparing information derived from adapted participatory methods with conventional veterinary investigation and epidemiological information. Field research with pastoralist communities in South Sudan, Kenya and Tanzania is described, covering cattle diseases such as "chronic wasting," trypanosomiasis, and foot and mouth disease. These validation studies demonstrated why participatory epidemiology was an important approach for improving livestock disease control and human welfare in resource-poor settings.

The present research was conducted to investigate the impacts of oxytocin injection on lactating buffaloes. One group of buffaloes was injected with 30 IU of oxytocin at each milking, while second group was kept as control without any treatment. A significant higher level (P 0.01) of glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-C, triglycerides, total proteins and CRP was found in oxytocin injected lactating buffaloes. The serum total oxidant status and total antioxidant status were found to be significantly higher and lower respectively in the oxytocin injected lactating buffaloes. The overall mean serum PON1 and arylesterase concentration was significantly lower while malondialdehyde, total homocysteine and ceruloplasmin was increased significantly in the oxytocin injected lactating buffaloes. The liver enzymes like serum AST and ALT concentration did increase significantly in the oxytocin treated group. Serum T3, estradiol and progesterone was significantly (P 0.05) high in the oxytocin injected lactating buffaloes. Long use of oxytocin did effect the serum composition and animal health.

Lactating Nili-Ravi Buffaloes were injected rbST (500 mg/16 day) to observe effect on milk production, composition, physiological profile, minerals of serum, milk and mammary health biomarkers. Respiration rate was significantly high after day 1 of first injection and low during days 24, 28 and 32 of second injection irrespective of their groups. Overall mean ESR, neutrophils percent decreased and lymphocytes percent increased significantly in bST treated as compared to control buffaloes. The overall increase in milk production was 9.31% from bST treated buffaloes. Overall mean milk lactose increased significantly and milk fat was 1.03% higher (P 0.05) in bST treated buffaloes. Milk calcium, magnesium, sodium, chloride and phosphorus increased significantly. Serum calcium and sodium did increase (P 0.05) while magnesium, potassium, chloride, and phosphorus did decrease (P 0.05) in bST injected buffaloes. A significant increase in milk plasminogen and a decrease in milk plasmin was observed in bST treated buffaloes. Serum ALT, paraoxonase, MDA were significantly high and alkaline phosphatase and the AOS decreased significantly in bST injected buffaloes.

This publication contains the proceedings of a seminar held in Ghent, Belgium on October 11th-13th 1977, under the auspices of the Commission of the European Communities, as part of the EEC programme of co-ordination of research on beef production. The seminar was initiated by the scientific working group on 'Carcass and Meat Quality' and attracted the interest of the working groups on 'Genetics and Selection' and on 'Nutrition and Management'. Consequently it developed into a multi-disciplinary programme, organised under the responsibility of the working group on Carcass and Meat Quality. This group comprised Ir. H. de Boer (Chairman), Netherlands; Prof. R. Boccard, France; Dr D.E. Hood, Ireland; Dr R.W. Pomeroy, UK; Dr A. Romita, Italy; Professor Dr L. Sch~n, Fed. Rep. of Germany; Mr P. L'Hermite, CEC; and Dr J.C. Tayler, UK (adviser to the CEC). In view of the broad scope of the subject, a special plan ning meeting was organised, involvi.ng experts from the different disciplines involved. The additional participants were: Dr B. Bech Andersen, Denmarkj Dr A.J.H. van Es, Netherlands; Prof. Dr J. Martin, Belgium; Dr. St.C.S. Taylor, UK. The multidisciplinary scope of this ~eminar follows a series of seminars in 1975-76 on more specific aspects of beef production research in the individual fields involved. It seems logical that further seminars should integrate the approaches by different disciplin~s in order to achieve a balanced programme of research on the very complex topic of beef production.

This publication contains the proceedings of a Seminar on 'The Mucosal Immune System' held by the Commission of the European Communities (CEC) at the University of Bristol. School of Veterinary Science. Langford. Bristol on September 9th - 11th. 1960. The seminar formed part of the CEC programme of co-ordinated agricultural research on Protection of the Young Animal against Perinatal Disease and was organised by Professor F.J. Bourne and his colleagues Dr. T.J. Newby and Dr. C.R. Stokes. The Proceedings were edited by the organisers assisted by Janssen Services. 33a High Street. Chislehurst. Kent and provide an authoritative and up-to-date account of this rapidly moving research area. Serious economic loss from diseases of mucosal surfaces - particularly the enteric and respiratory tracts - occurs in young farm animals throughout the EEC. Protection against these diseases is based on an understanding of their epidemiology including host defence mechanisms. Mucosal vaccines have in the main given disappointing field results with. however. some notable exceptions. This seminar rationalises methods used to stimulate mucosal immune defence and indicates likely areas for future research and development. The CEC wishes to thank the organisers and the participants who con tributed to the success of the seminar. OPENING SESSION Chairman F.J. Bourne 3 OPENING REMARKS F.J. Bourne On behalf of the University of Bristol and the European Economic Community my colleagues and I welcome you to the Langford Veterinary School.

In recent years several "new" infectious agenLs have been associated with neonatal diarrhoea in both calves and pigs. Furthermore, important additional information has become available as regards enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infec- tions in both species. Although still much has to be learned, it is likely that in many field cases differnt agents act in concert. Therefore an integrated approach to the problem of neonatal diarrhoea appears to be necessary, particularly in the field research. Such an approach requires a series of diagnostic techniques. The purpose of this meeting was to bring together a limited number of scientists that are actively involved in neonatal diarrhoea research, in order to discuss present knowledge and to produce proceedings containing review articles, new developments and laboratory manuals of relevant diagnostic techniques. x This publication constitutes a collection of scientific pa- pers and laboratory manuals on diagnostic techniques for en- teropathogenic agents in neonatal diarrhoea in calves and pigs, presented and discussed during a workshop in the EEC Program- me of Coordination of Agricultural Research on Protection of the Young Animal against Perinatal Diseases, held at the Central Veterinary Institute, Department of Virology, Lely- stad, the Netherlands, June 3-5, 1980. VIRAL AGENTS ASSOCIA1ED WIlli NEONATAL DIARRHOEA AND TIlEIR DE1ECTION BY ELECTRON MICROSCOPY M. S. McNulty, W. 1. Curran and J. B. McFerran Veterinary Research Laboratories, Stormont, Belfast, BT4 3SD, N. Ireland ABSTRACT Simple techniques for diagnosis of enteric viral infections by direct electron microscopy of faeces are described.

Not so many years ago little attention was paid to non-parasitic respiratory diseases of cattle because they seemed of minor importance. However, in the past twenty years, as the number of cattle kept on any farm unit increased under economic pressures, there has been a concomitant rise in the prevalence of respiratory illness. Investigations into cattle respiratory diseases have become a significant part of the research effort in most countries of Europe. Initially much work went into finding, like the alchemist's stone, the orgdnism responsible for causing cattle respiratory disease. Many viruses were isolated and over the years a long list of those recovered from the respiratory tract of cattle has been prepared. Unfortunately, few of these viruses on their own are recognised as proven pathogens and no single virus provides the complete aetiological answer to bovine respiratory disease. More recently, perhaps in despair, g~eater attention has been directed to the role of mycoplasma and, additionally. a revival of interest has taken place in the significant part played by bacteria in the later stages of res piratory disease. Now, phrases such as "multifactorial disease" are being commonly used to describe the complex situation with respiratory disease.

This pUblication contains the proceedings of a Seminar held in Galway, Ireland on September 27 - 30, 1977 under the asupices of the Commission of the European Communities, as part of the EEC programme of co-ordination of research on beef production. The programme was drawn up by a scientific working group on PHYSIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION on behalf of the beef production committee. The working group comprised: Or. J.M. Sreenan (Chairman), Ireland; Mr. L.E.A. Rowson, United Kingdom; Professor C. Thibault, France; Or. B. Hoffman, Germany (Fed. Rep.); Professor L. Henriet, Belgium; Or. F. du Mesnil du Buisson, France; Or. J. Riemensberger, Germany (Fed. Rep.); Dr. P. Mauleon, France; and, in the planning of the seminar, they were joined by Mr. P. L'Hermite, CEC and Or. J.C. Tayler (temporarily seconded to the CEC, 1975). The subject chosen for this seminar was drawn from the list of prior- ities in research objectives drawn up in 1973 by members of a committee (now the Standing Committee on Agricultural Research, CPRA) given in Appendix 1. One of the functions of this series of seminars was to summarise and update the information available on the selected subjects and to discuss future needs for research, so as to assist the Commission in evaluating the probable im- pact of research on agricultural production within the community.

This research addressed two important issues concerning conservation of orang-utans in Indonesia, the prevalence of diseases in orang-utans at reintroduction centres and the extent of intra-subspecific genetic variation between isolated populations of Bornean orang-utans. The research was conducted at the Wanariset Orang-utan Reintroduction Centre in East Kalimantan from 1994 to 1997, and at the Biomedical Primate Research Centre in the Netherlands in 1998. Studies were designed to identify and determine the prevalence of diseases, specifically gastro-intestinal parasites, tuberculosis and certain viral diseases. Further studies defined the factors associated with mortalities of orang-utans at the reintroduction centre. A molecular study using mitochondrial DNA was undertaken to determine whether there was significant genetic diversity between six isolated populations of wild orang-utans within Borneo. It was concluded that there are at least four genetically distinct populations of Bornean orang-utans. The findings of this research are discussed in terms of the implications for management policies for reintroduction centres, as well as for the conservation of wild populations.