Originally published in 1979, Ends and Means in Social Work was the first book to provide research-based evidence on what social workers actually do, what they were aiming to achieve, and what sense their activities made, both in terms of their own subjective perspectives and those of their clients. The authors describe and analyse a series of surveys and action studies based on a year's referrals and the long-term clientele of an area office. They aimed first to find out what the clients thought of and expected from the newly reorganised social services, and how social workers saw the changes and their new responsibilities. The second aim was to discover how social work skills and other resources were being used to meet different client needs. Third, the research was designed to enable social workers, by developing a new monitoring tool, the Case Review System, to become more explicit about both the ends and means of their activities. Widespread interest had been aroused by the Case Review System. It had raised intriguing questions about who gets what and why. On an individual level, the Case Review System can enable social workers to evaluate their practice by comparing plan with achievement; as an educational tool it can assist supervision; as a management tool it can provide aggregated data on client characteristics, the use of resources, and outcomes; as a research tool it can answer questions on the relationships between client characteristics, problems and social work practice, and provide longitudinal data on client careers. It is in response to insistent demands for a rounded account of this research project and its results that this book has been written. It endeavours to bring together all the aspects of the specific research studies and to discuss their wider implications for the organisation of the personal social services. Particularly valuable for students and practitioners alike will be the concluding discussion in which the evidence which emerged about the use of social work resources is subjected to critical review. Questions are raised about the current deployment of social work skills, and suggestions are made about how these skills might be redeployed, tasks defined more realistically, and how statutory functions could mesh more easily with voluntary activities.

In the 1980s, although most social workers organised their time and described their work in terms of cases, research studies had cast serious doubts on the efficacy of working in this way. As a result, there had been growing anxiety about what social workers do, what they ought to do, and the training they needed. Task-centred casework was an approach to social work which proposed a solution to some aspects of this dilemma. Growing out of the surprising results of an American research study, it broke free from the traditional psycho-analytic approach to casework. It aimed at clarity of purpose, a concentration on the clients' perceptions of the problems, openness about clients' and helpers' intentions and agreement about what is to be done and achieved within a specified time. Originally published in 1985, this book brings together three British studies that accompanied, and in some respects pioneered, the introduction of task-centred casework into the United Kingdom. The studies describe and evaluate task-centred casework with social services department clients, with young people on probation, and with men and women referred to hospital after poisoning themselves. The research suggests what task-centred casework can and cannot achieve, describes how clients experience it and seeks to define the skills it requires. The studies also provide some reasons why many previous studies of social work have failed to find evidence for social work effectiveness. The book uses much case material to illustrate methods of task-centred casework and its outcomes as seen by clients, social workers, and an independent outsider. It should still be of interest to social workers, teachers of social work, and social work students. More generally, it will be welcomed by all those who are interested in building social work on a surer basis than anecdote and fashion.

In the early 1970s general practitioners were well aware that they were being asked to deal not only with physical illness in their patients but also with the stresses relating to social and emotional problems. Increasingly often they were working together with health visitors and social workers in attempting to respond more effectively to these demands. Originally published in 1972, this study describes the attachment of a social worker to a group general medical practice in London, indicating why, for all social groups, the general practice is an appropriate point at which psychosocial problems may be identified and treated. The authors describe the nature and range of patients' problems that come to light in the consulting room; how patients present their problems to the social worker; and the kind of help the social worker is able to offer. They explore the extent to which the general practice setting provides opportunities for preventive therapy and further describe how social work in general practice can most effectively be related to existing social services in the community, particularly to the reorganised personal social services. Their findings are supported throughout by illuminating case studies. The book also discusses the integration of the social worker into the general practice team, the problems that have to be solved and the mutual enlightenment that results. This emerges as an extremely encouraging and instructive experiment, which will immediately interest social service departments and social workers, doctors and nurses, both students and those in practice. The wide spectrum of social problems encountered and dealt with by the social worker in a general practice make it a particularly stimulating account.

In 1970 social workers were in great demand and their numbers were growing. At the same time questions were asked on both sides of the Atlantic about the methods they employed, their objectives and the effectiveness of their efforts. Previous studies undertaken in the United States to test the effectiveness of social casework had led to intense controversy between researchers and practitioners. Originally published in 1970, the field experiment described in this book was the first British attempt to assess the effectiveness of social work. A team led by a social worker, including a physician and a statistician, assessed the social and medical conditions of 300 aged applicants to a local authority welfare department and determined their needs for help. Half of these old people were randomly selected to receive help from trained caseworkers; the other half, also randomly chosen, remained with experienced local authority welfare officers without professional training. The social and medical conditions of the surviving clients were reassessed after an interval. Both sets of social workers had achieved much in alleviating practical needs. But the trained workers brought about more change in their clients' activities, feelings and attitudes. The opinions of the old people about the services they received and the social workers who had carried them out added another dimension to this pioneer study which contributed to research methodology, helped to clarify operational goals in social work, made a beginning in measuring social work effort and enlarged our meagre knowledge of social work with old people at the time.

Originally published in 1973, the aim of this book was to consider the relationship of a vital element in our social security system, the Supplementary Benefits Commission, to the personal social services, in particular to social work. Notions of 'entitlement' and 'rights' in means-tested benefit schemes are examined in relation to those claimants, including unsupported mothers and the so-called 'voluntary unemployed', who present particular difficulties to those administering the scheme. For many who claim supplementary benefit their only need is prompt, efficient financial service. For a few, their financial need is inextricably bound up with complex social and psychological difficulties. For such cases, the civil servants who administer the British Supplementary Benefits scheme need skill beyond that normally expected of such persons and their relationship with the social workers who are, or should be, in touch with such claimants becomes crucial. The book considers some of the underlying ethical issues, in particular the tension between equitable and individualised justice, involved in the exercise of discretion. It describes the structure and organisation of the Supplementary Benefits scheme and analyses the roles of officials that bear on welfare. It also examines the current situation with regard to the selection and training of officials and discusses the attitudes of social workers to officials. This work, drawing on the unique experience of the author as the first Social Work Adviser to the Supplementary Benefits Commission, was the first study of its kind to be published in this country and would be of great value to all students and teachers of social work at the time as well as to a wide readership of social scientists.

Throughout its history, social work has been seeking a means to state its purposes and methodology as a unity that transcends the purposes and methodology applicable in particular fields of practice, or sanctioned by particular legislation, or practised by a particular kind of worker. Recent changes in society, developments in social work practice, new additions to the knowledge base of social work and current reorganisation of the social services had led to an intensified interest in this 'integrated' approach. Originally published in 1977, Integrating Social Work Methods introduces the reader to the main developments in the conceptualisation of a unitary method. It clarifies what it is that is being unified, identifies issues involved in the attempt to unify, and discusses their implications for social work practice and training. As such it represented the first substantial British text in the field, and was widely welcomed by social work practitioners, administrators and educators at the time.

Originally published in 1964, this book studies social work in relation to the evolving role of social workers in the social services and to their training at the time. Dr Younghusband considers past discoveries and setbacks insofar as they bear upon the present position, and she studies the present for the light it casts on the future. Her emphasis is upon the new situation created as knowledge advances and the social services become increasingly aware of personal problems and social disabilities. The contribution of social work to mental health is indeed a continuing theme throughout this book. There are chapters on the juvenile courts; and a section on international aspects in which the philosophy of social work and its contribution to social change are discussed. At the time of publication the author was Adviser on Social Work Training at the National Institute for Social Work Training, and President of the International Association of Schools for Social Work. She had also been for some twenty-five years chairman of a London Juvenile Court and was chairman of the Working Party on Social Workers in the Local Authority Health and Welfare Services (Ministry of Health). She had been from time to time a Social Affairs Consultant to the United Nations and was a lecturer at the London School of Economics. To social workers, whether active at the time, or in training, she would have needed no introduction and they will have welcomed a book incorporating her immense experience and all the originality and clarity of thought they had learned to expect from her.

Originally published in 1967, this volume of the Readings in Social Work series would appeal especially to social workers, administrators, social work teachers and those who were becoming increasingly concerned about the whole question of value assumptions in social work at the time. So far little had been written on a subject of lively discussion amongst practitioners and students alike; in this volume are gathered together some of the most influential and often quoted articles which had appeared in Britain and the United States in recent years. They deal not only with the general ethics of professional practice and specific situations but also with conflicting value judgments in administrative settings and the relation between administration and values.

Some outstanding contributions to a better understanding of the issues of education for social work have been brought together in this volume, originally published in 1968. Because of the wide relevance of the subject these articles should be valuable not only to social work educators and field supervisors in many different parts of the world, but to others concerned with professional education. Today it can be enjoyed in its historical context.

The lack of good statistical information had been a major factor in the poor planning of services for the mentally handicapped in the late 1960s. The principal object of this book was to provide an accurate factual basis for the planning of future services. Originally published in 1972, this title is based on three years' extensive research and consists primarily of statistical studies rather than case studies. There is a survey of facilities provided by hospitals for the mentally handicapped and a sample survey of three Hospital Regions indicating the characteristics and disabilities of the mentally handicapped inpatients. Also included are two cohort studies, one of the subsequent experience of patients after their first admittance to a hospital, and one of the subsequent experience of all first referrals to a Local Authority service. Both studies were carried out to determine trends in the patterns of care. This was the first time that cohort techniques had been applied in this field in this country. Since effective long-term planning depends upon the coordination of the work of Local Authorities and hospitals, it is unrealistic to divorce the need for hospital beds from community provision. This book, therefore, examined the present services for the mentally handicapped in the round. It is supplemented by an extensive bibliography and numerous tables and diagrams. As a result, it should be of particular interest to psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, hospital administrators, senior nursing staff and Local Authority social service administrators. This book is a re-issue originally published in 1972. The language used is reflective of its era and no offence is meant by the Publishers to any reader by this re-publication.

Originally published in 1979, this successor volume to Dorothy Pettes' earlier Supervision in Social Work volume aimed to provide supervisors and team leaders with the information they needed to function more effectively as either staff or student supervisors in both individual and group supervision. It covers the role and function of supervision in modern day social service organisations and compares and contrasts supervision in casework, group work, community organisation and residential work. A final section reports developments in the preparation and teaching of prospective supervisors. Staff and Student Supervision was the most up-to-date and comprehensive book on supervision to be published at the time. It provides detailed analysis of the tasks undertaken and the problems faced by both staff and student supervisors, while at the same time moving into new and experimental areas. The task-centred approach, as presented by Miss Pettes, closely links in with new developments in social work practice and provides the supervisor with a firm base from which to maintain professional accountability and responsible involvement. It also suggests ways of involving workers in a flexible two-way partnership with the supervisor. This approach would have appealed to those preparing to become supervisors for the first time as well as to experienced supervisors ready to develop their skills further; to tutors and to training officers who would find much of value in the book; and to practitioners generally who would welcome Miss Pettes' concise account of the supervisor's role in relation to social work practice and administration.

Group work is central to social work, whether it be work with individuals and families, residential care, community work, management or social work education. Despite, however, the upsurge of interest in this aspect of social work method at the time Group Work: Learning and Practice, originally published in 1978, represented the first attempt at providing an up-to-date and carefully integrated source book for students - in the form of a series of mainly original and British papers on social group work: its knowledge base; the possible varieties of practice settings and objectives; and its implications for social work education and training models. For new directions in social work education suggested that the small group was to become the core system around which much future social work teaching would be based. The main concern of this new National Institute for Social Work reader - the development and demonstration of intervention skills in practice - would be particularly relevant. The book draws attention to the opportunities for work with groups in the community, in residential institutions and with families, where the emphasis was rapidly shifting towards the need for greater understanding and use of the small group dimension. Group Work: Learning and Practice would have been widely welcomed both by specialists in group work at the time and all those more generally interested in social work methods - as teachers, students, practitioners, supervisors and as local authority training officers. It would also be of interest to a wider readership of teachers, youth workers and those concerned with the group dynamics and counselling fields.

Can adoptive homes be found for non-white children? Will the children and their new families be happy together though of different race? Will they feel like a family? Originally published in 1970, this book is an account of a four-year project in which International Social Service of Great Britain joined with Bedford College, London University, to provide a first-class adoption service for babies born in Britain of diverse racial origins, and to study the outcome of the adoptions. In addition, a survey sought to determine the number of these children needing adoption homes, and a nationwide Adoption Resource Exchange was established to co-ordinate the efforts of the numerous agencies seeking parents for them. The author examines the project's experience of interracial adoption and relates it to all good adoption practice. This title was a welcome addition to the literature on adoption at the time. It would have been indispensable to social work practitioners and to students and lecturers on social work courses, but it was more than a handbook for those professionally involved. The book is well-informed and written with style and compassion: many readers will be fascinated by the way in which children of Asian, African, West-Indian and mixed parentage became integrated into English families in spite of racial differences. It is a success story. Today it can be read in its historical context. This book is a re-issue originally published in 1970. The language used is a reflection of its era and no offence is meant by the Publishers to any reader by this re-publication.

This book discusses the interconnected, complex and emerging risks in today's societies and deliberates on the various aspects of disaster risk reduction strategies especially through community resilience and responses. It consists of selected papers presented at the World Congress on Disaster Management, which focused on community resilience and responses towards disaster risk reduction based on South Asian experiences, and closely examines the coordinated research activities involving all stakeholders, especially the communities at risk. Further, it narrates the experiences of disaster risk-reduction in different communities that have policy implications for mitigation of future disaster risks in the societies affected by these types of disasters. Written from the social science perspective to disasters rather than an engineering approach, the book helps development and governance institutions to prioritize disasters as a problem of development rather than being parallel to it.

The third edition of this pragmatic resource assists mental health professionals in helping clients resolve sexual concerns that arise during the course of therapy. It has been updated with the latest theoretical approaches, pharmacological treatments, and ethical/legal concerns. It presents a wealth of information on assessing and treating both common and uncommon sexual concerns accompanied by helpful informational worksheets. By offering new case examples exemplifying contemporary concerns such as minority stress, intersectionality, and recognition of therapist privilege in relation to client, the new edition emphasizes diversity inclusive of sexual and gender minorities. It covers the latest technology in telemental health and the role it plays in the sex lives of clients.Designed to take the uninformed reader or one who might be uncomfortable about sex to a place of knowledge and competence, the book includes strategies to help both the client and therapist become more comfortable with sexuality. Take-Away Points, Activities and Resources in every chapter and downloadable forms, templates, and tools combine to make this an indispensable resource. Purchase includes digital access for use on most mobile devices or computers. New to the Third Edition: Updated approaches to considerations of gender identity The impact of intersectionality, oppression, and minority stress De-pathologizing "kinky" behavior Understanding the "orgasm gap" and "orgasm equality" Treating couples who want to open their relationships Applies mindfulness to treatment of sexual problems Expanded information about the sexological ecosystem Treating out-of-control sexual behavior and the new Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder ICD-11 diagnosis Key Features: Provides clear treatment recommendations for nearly all sexual concerns Uses an ecosystemic approach for assessing individuals and couples Explains how to assess and treat sexual pain disorders Covers sexuality across the lifespan Includes "Step into My Office" vignettes offering a glimpse into everyday sex therapy practice Provides activities for reader to reinforce information including "Take-Away" points, downloadable forms, templates, and tools Instructors Manual and PowerPoint presentation for each chapter

* Provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of theory, research, policy, and practice of juvenile risk and needs assessment (JRNA) * Informs future methodology, policy, and practice that will facilitate effective and fair case decisions * Covers JRNA as a set of interrelated pieces for assessing and making decisions about juveniles

Originally published in 1981, in Old Age Homes Roger Clough presents a vivid description of the lives and work of residents and staff in an old people's home. His powerful analysis of the realities of residential work would make a major contribution to improved practice, to social work training, and to social policy formation. Many people, including some social work professionals, still felt that the very existence of residential homes illustrated a failure of society, and that living with their own family or on their own was invariably a more satisfactory experience for old people. Roger Clough questions this assumption. He argues that homes are needed and if they are to be good places in which to live and die there must be a clearer understanding of the interactions that take place within them. The descriptive parts of the study, based on detailed observation and lengthy interviews, strongly reflect the author's genuine compassion and warmth for old people. His most illuminating perceptions are presented from the perspective of the old people themselves, many of whom were conscious of the double-bind in which residents and staff are caught: there is a prevailing belief that it is best to keep active in old age, yet many of the elderly had little they though worth doing, while the staff saw their role as doing whatever they could for the residents. Roger Clough uses his material to test two central hypotheses: first that there is a linkage between the attitudes to aging held by staff and the degree of control over their own lives exercised by residents; and secondly that this degree of control is strongly correlated with resident satisfaction. Through an acute analysis of these key variables, he demonstrates the circumstances in which living in a home can be, for certain old people at certain times, the way of life they themselves would choose. His conclusions are of the greatest importance for social work practice and for the changing of staff attitudes in training. Old Age Homes would challenge anybody who knows or works with a resident in an old people's home. But it would be of outstanding value for the managers, practitioners, trainers and students to whom it was primarily addressed at the time.

In the early 1980s in Britain the organisation of the personal social services had come under increasingly critical scrutiny. The establishment of large social services departments following re-organisation in the early 1970s had led, some argued, to the emergence of services which all too often were over-centralised, fragmented and crisis-oriented in their approach. In attempts to break out of this reactive system and to fashion services which were more coherent and preventive, a growing number of field teams within the departments had begun to adopt community-oriented patterns of organisation. Originally published in 1984, this book based on an eighteen-month study of the area team at Normanton (Wakefield MDC), which incorporated social workers, ancillaries, and domiciliary staff in neighbourhood sub-teams, offered the first systematic account of the operation of this new approach. The authors examine how referrals and long-term work are handled, describe the management of the team, and consider the views of workers, users and the staff of other agencies. While giving a clear picture of the difficulties faced in adopting a community-centred approach the book provides convincing evidence of its potential to create more responsive and effective services based on better knowledge of the population served, easier access to the team, broader staff roles, and the active encouragement of local community initiatives. The most comprehensive account of an area team so far published, this book would be essential reading for all those concerned to improve the performance of the personal social services at the time. It would be of particular importance to councillors, managers and planners, to social workers and other field staff in social services departments, and to teachers and students of social work.

Few people who work in the social services would deny that the reception of those asking for help is important, and yet this process is seldom closely examined. Originally published in 1974, this book aims not only to focus attention on the problems faced by those seeking the help of a social service organisation, but also to analyse what happens and why at the point of entry. This study analyses reception practices in four very different social work agencies. The author demonstrates that the reception process is not just an administrative expedient but that, under certain circumstances, it may have a profound influence upon the way the agency operates, the services it provides and who receives them. In short, many of the important rationing decisions about resources allocation may be made not by an agency's senior and middle managers, or by its professional social work staff, but by an untrained clerical receptionist at the point of initial contact between the organisation and its clients. The Point of Entry was primarily written for students and teachers of social administration, social workers, administrators, and receptionists themselves. It is, however, a valuable study for all who are concerned with the reception of visitors to any kind of organisation which provides a service to clients.

Despite the widely held belief that the social services were allocated solely on the basis of client need, and could therefore be directly contrasted with the operation of the private market, in the 1970s there remained a wide range of services for which the consumer had to pay directly at the time of consumption. Consumer charges were widely used, for example, for residential accommodation, for the provision of day care and for domiciliary services. Originally published in 1980, Charging for Social Care provided a long overdue examination of the use of these charges in the personal social services. It analyses their historical origins, current operation and their social and financial significance. In addition, it provides a clear theoretical framework within which pricing policies should be determined and outlines the policy for pricing personal social services in the future. In undertaking this analysis Ken Judge and James Matthews had gone beyond the rhetoric which in the past had characterised discussions about charges. Their detailed and perceptive study was based on a report for the Department of Health and Social Security. It would still be of interest to students and teachers of social policy and social administration, to policy makers in both central and local government, to students of the economics of social policy and of the public sector, to social workers, and to all those with an interest in the personal social services and in public spending decisions.

Originally published in 1966, this book gives examples of the most advanced thought about casework by well-known writers in England and the United States at the time. The ground covered includes: the use of some current sociological theory in casework; analysis of the interpersonal relationships in casework; new thought about the appropriate use of authority with people whose own internal controls are weak and unreliable; and recent advances in understanding and working with people who respond to action more easily than to words. These articles by well-known authorities illustrate the increased range of insight and skill required of modern caseworkers, and at the same time are highly readable, conveying complex ideas in language refreshingly free from jargon.

Classic edition of a book which is still highly regarded in the psychoanalytic field * Pizer adds an introduction which brings the contemporary relevance of paradox to the fore * Paradox is still a poorly covered topic in the literature, and the clinical material included is still invaluable.

The book studies the educational needs of two disadvantaged groups of children in China (left-behind children in rural areas and migrant children in urban areas), aiming to optimize the social support system so that these disadvantaged children can realize their full potential. The author conducts two separate researches and introduces the research background, methodology, related theories and advanced theories. Main difficulties of left-behind children and migrant children include parents' lack of attention to their children's mental health, teachers' lack of expertise in working with these two groups of children, and a lack of collaboration between schools and NGOs. It suggests promoting systematic reform, helping parents to develop effective parenting skills, and establishing positive interactions among the stakeholders of social support for these disadvantaged children. The book will be of interest to people who work with left-behind children in rural areas and those who work with migrant students in urban areas, including teachers, school administrators, local educational authorities, community-based service providers, and provincial and central departments of education.

As much as Americans believe in the promise of an egalitarian, color-blind society, the reality is far from that ideal. People of color consistently lag behind their white counterparts in key quality-of-life areas. Despite many significant gains, widespread structural inequalities continue to exist and thrive. Race and Social Problems takes the long view of this state of affairs, offering both multi-level analysis and a practical blueprint for social justice. It begins by explaining how race-related social problems have changed over the decades. This volume identifies factors contributing to their persistence in this century, most notably the central role of economic disparities in exacerbating related social problems and replicating them for future generations. The chapters expand on this knowledge by detailing innovative and successful strategies for addressing aspects of six major areas of inequality: Poverty: challenging standard American concepts of poverty. Education: approaches toward closing the achievement gap. Intergroup relations: enhancing race dialogues. Family and lifespan: programs targeting families, youth, and elderly. Criminal justice: reducing incarceration and increasing public safety. Health and mental health: promoting positive outcomes. Race and Social Problems casts a wide net across the most pressing social issues, clarifying both the immediate and larger tasks ahead for a range of professionals in such diverse fields as social work, anthropology, communications, criminology, economics, history, law, political science, psychology, public health, and sociology.

Drawing on qualitative research conducted with young people in New York, this volume highlights the unique experiences of children of incarcerated parents (COIP) and counters deficit-based narratives to consider how young people's voices can inform and improve educational support services. Supporting Children of Incarcerated Parents in Schools combines the author's original research and personal experiences with an analysis of existing scholarship to provide unique insight into how COIP experience schooling in the United States. With a focus on the benefits of qualitative research for providing a more nuanced portrayal of these children and their experiences, the text foregrounds youth voices and emphasizes the resilience, maturity, and compassion which these young people demonstrate. By calling attention to the challenges that COIP face in and out of school, and also addressing associated issues around race and racism, the book offers large and small-scale changes that educators and other allies can use to better support children of incarcerated parents. This volume will be of interest to scholars and researchers interested in the sociology of education, race and urban education, and the impacts of parental incarceration specifically. It will also be of benefit to educators and school leaders who are supporting young people affected by these issues.