This book is a disciplined, paired comparison of the eight Latin American countries with the longest history of urban commercial and industrial development - Brazil and Chile, Mexico and Venezuela, Uruguay and Colombia, Argentina and Peru. The authors show how and why state party responses to the emergence of an organized working class have been crucial in shaping political coalitions, party systems, patterns of stability or conflict and the broad contours of regimes and their changes. The argument is complex yet clear, the analysis systematic yet nuanced. The focus is on autonomous political variables within particular socioeconomic contexts, the treatment of which is lengthy but rewarding.... Overall, a path-breaking volume. - Foreign Affairs Excellent comparative-historical analysis of eight countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela) focuses on emergence of different forms of control and mobilization of the labor movement. By concentrating on alternative strategies of the State in shaping the labor movement, authors are able to explain different trajectories of national political change in countries with longest history of urban, commerc

"The ideal of a harmonious and diverse workplace has been given much lip service, but the daily realities of working with people who are not like you have proven to be difficult.

Featuring ""voices"" (actual comments from members of diverse groups), this book reveals how individuals feel about their treatment and their relationships on the job. By listening to the ""voices,"" readers will learn to understand what it means to be ""the other"" and so improve communication, morale, and productivity.

The range covered is extraordinary: African-Americans, Asian-Americans, Latinos, recent immigrants, disabled workers, gays and lesbians, young and old workers, women, white males. For each group, the book provides:

(1) background on the culture and values of that group

(2) honest comments from members of the group and a synthesis of the group's most common problems

(3) typical scenarios where supervisors and co-workers from diverse groups often hit communication barriers

(4) explanations of what went wrong in each situation and how to correct it

Many people want to communicate with others, but don't know how. Voices will help them understand diversity not as an academic concept, but as a human reality."

With computer, fax machines, and other technologies becoming commonplace, more and more people are running businesses from their homes and making a good living in the process. "Money" has been tracking the trend, and, in this new guide, two of the magazine's writers explain how to turn a hobby into a business, find money to start, create a winning business plan, manage cash flow, write great press releases, find low-cost health insurance and safeguard retirement, and much more.

Women, Work and Development Series The majority of women around the world work long hours and contribute significantly to production and to family income, although this fact is not generally recognised in attitudes and policies or reflected in official statistics. Women's ability in helping to bring about improvements in their own and their family's welfare depends on social and economic factors as well as on specific policy measures... This monograph examines the various economic approaches used to evaluate unpaid work in the household. Herein lies its originality.

Despotism on Demand draws attention to the impact of flexible scheduling on managerial power and workplace control. When we understand paid work as a power relationship, argues Alex J. Wood, we see how the spread of precarious scheduling constitutes flexible despotism; a novel regime of control within the workplace. Wood believes that flexible despotism represents a new domain of inequality, in which the postindustrial working class increasingly suffers a scheduling nightmare. By investigating two of the largest retailers in the world he uncovers how control in the contemporary "flexible firm" is achieved through the insidious combination of "flexible discipline" and "schedule gifts." Flexible discipline provides managers with an arbitrary means by which to punish workers, but flexible scheduling also requires workers to actively win favor with managers in order to receive "schedule gifts": more or better hours. Wood concludes that the centrality of precarious scheduling to control means that for those at the bottom of the postindustrial labor market the future of work will increasingly be one of flexible despotism.

Doron Taussig invites us to question the American Dream. Did you earn what you have? Did everyone else? The American Dream is built on the idea that Americans end up roughly where we deserve to be in our working lives based on our efforts and abilities; in other words, the United States is supposed to be a meritocracy. When Americans think and talk about our lives, we grapple with this idea, asking how a person got to where he or she is and whether he or she earned it. In What We Mean by the American Dream, Taussig tries to find out how we answer those questions. Weaving together interviews with Americans from many walks of life-as well as stories told in the US media about prominent figures from politics, sports, and business-What We Mean by the American Dream investigates how we think about whether an individual deserves an opportunity, job, termination, paycheck, or fortune. Taussig looks into the fabric of American life to explore how various people, including dairy farmers, police officers, dancers, teachers, computer technicians, students, store clerks, the unemployed, homemakers, and even drug dealers got to where they are today and whether they earned it or not. Taussig's frank assessment of the state of the US workforce and its dreams allows him to truly and meaningfully ask the question that underpins so many of our political debates and personal frustrations: Did you earn it? By doing so, he sheds new light on what we mean by-and how we can deliver on-the American Dream of today.

Arbeit 4.0 ist wohl derzeit eines der meist verwendeten Schlagworte, wenn es um die Zukunft der Arbeitswelt geht. Das vorliegende Buch geht der Frage nach, wie wir in Zukunft leben und arbeiten werden. Es zeigt dabei ein zentrales Spannungsfeld auf: Einerseits gilt es, in Bewegung zu bleiben, um mit den vielfaltigen Trends und rasanten Veranderungen Schritt zu halten, doch gleichzeitig besteht die Notwendigkeit, dabei die Balance nicht zu verlieren. Dies stellt eine der groessten Aufgaben unserer Zeit fur Arbeitgeber ebenso wie fur Beschaftigte dar. Anhand aktueller empirischer Studien, ganzheitlicher Konzepte und erfolgreicher Unternehmensbeispiele zeigen die Autorinnen und Autoren aus Wissenschaft und Praxis auf, dass der Weg zur Arbeit 4.0 herausfordernd, aber durchaus gestaltbar ist.

Horst Philipp Bauer und Inga Enderle prufen in ihrer Langzeitstudie, ob Fachschulen fur Betriebswirtschaft ihrem intendierten Anspruch gerecht werden, Fuhrungskrafte fur das mittlere Management auszubilden und analysieren in den Befragungen von Absolventen deren Karrierechancen. In der Diskussion zum Fachkraftemangel wird im Kontext des Weiterbildungsmarktes die Frage gestellt, wo Nachwuchskrafte weitergebildet werden koennen. Eine Antwort geben seit 1970 die Fachschulen fur Wirtschaft, die mit der Fachrichtung "Betriebswirtschaft" den Abschluss zum Staatlich gepruften Betriebswirt (SGB) bieten. In der OEffentlichkeit noch zu wenig wahrgenommen, schliessen sie eine Lucke zwischen dem System der dualen Berufsausbildung und einem akademischen betriebswirtschaftlichen Studium.

14 Fachbeitrage aus zehn verschiedenen Themenfeldern zeigen auf, wie sich der Blick auf das Thema "Beschaftigung" in den vergangenen zehn Jahren verandert hat. Die Autoren wollen dabei eine Brucke bauen zwischen den Moeglichkeiten und Herausforderungen im Umfeld der Unternehmen und dem konkreten personalpolitischen Handeln im Unternehmen selbst. Dieses Buch dokumentiert die zehnjahrige Arbeit des Goinger Kreises.

Die Branche der Gesundheitsdienstleistungen ist in einem fuhlbaren und stetigen Wandel. Die Grunde sind vielfaltig: Der soziodemografische Wandel, ein verandertes Gesundheitsbewusstsein und -verhalten und wirtschaftspolitische Einflusse wie die Privatisierungen der letzten Jahren in diesem Bereich werden immer wieder benannt. Besonders betroffen sind die sogenannten pflegenden Dienstleistungen

Die Beitrage des vorliegenden Bandes beschaftigen sich mit Humandienstleistungen in Krankenhausern und Pflegeeinrichtungen, daneben mit Sach- und Industriedienstleistungen. Durch diese Erganzung werden Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede zwischen beiden Bereichen verdeutlicht. Die Beitrage sind vornehmlich empirisch gepragt. Sie prasentieren die Ergebnisse diverser Untersuchungen in Krankenhausern, Pflegeeinrichtungen und Unternehmen, wobei der praktische Ansatz von der Fallstudie uber strukturierte Befragungen von Pflegepersonal bis hin zur Prozessbeobachtung reicht. Sie werden erganzt um Erfahrungsberichte hinsichtlich der Einfuhrung und Nutzung einzelner Managementinstrumente in der beruflichen Praxis."

Eine effiziente und gerechte Bildungspolitik zahlt zu den bedeutendsten Themen unserer Gesellschaft. Anhand dreier empirischer Studien analysiert Anna Makles, wie mit entsprechendem Ressourceneinsatz und bildungspolitischen Steuerungsmassnahmen ungunstigen Ausgangslagen von Kindern und Jugendlichen im Bildungsprozess entgegengewirkt werden kann. In einer ersten Studie untersucht sie, welchen Effekt die Kindergartenbesuchsdauer auf die Schulfahigkeit von Kindern verschiedener ethnischer und soziooekonomischer Herkunftsgruppen hat. Die zweite Studie befasst sich mit dem Effekt der Aufloesung von Grundschulbezirken auf die ethnische Zusammensetzung in Grundschulen und der moeglichen Verstarkung ungunstiger Ausgangslagen an den Schulen. In der dritten Studie werden Moeglichkeiten der bedarfsgerechten Schulfinanzierung zur Berucksichtigung ungunstiger Ausgangslagen an Grundschulen diskutiert. Die Ergebnisse weisen auf vielfaltige Steuerungsmoeglichkeiten fur eine gerechte und effiziente Bildungspolitik hin.

Angesichts einer anhaltend hohen Arbeitslosigkeit setzt Deutschland betrachtliche finanzielle Mittel fur aktive Arbeitsmarktpolitik ein. Dies kontrastiert mit einem geringen Stand an uberprufbaren Wissen uber die Wirksamkeit und die Kosteneffizienz der einzelnen Massnahmen. Die Defizite lassen sich durch den begrenzten Datenzugang der akademischen Forschung wie durch unzureichende methodische Konzeptionen bei der Programmevaluation erklaren. Starkere Anstrengungen fur eine fundierte wissenschaftliche Evaluierung sind deshalb zwingend erforderlich. Deshalb analysiert dieses Buch die vorliegenden internationalen Erfahrungen mit aktiver Arbeitsmarktpolitik, die auf einem erheblich besseren Forschungsstand beruhen. Daraus werden Handlungsempfehlungen fur die deutsche Arbeitsmarktpolitik abgeleitet und ein Aktionsplan fur eine effektivere und effizientere neue Arbeitsmarktpolitik entwickelt."

In April 2005 a factory making sweaters for the European market collapsed like a pack of cards during the nightshift in Savar near Dhaka, Bangladesh. The circumstances of this disaster, which caused the deaths of 64 clothing workers and injured a further 84, proved to be a final straw for trade unionists and NGO activists who had long been concerned about the state of factory safety and the inadequacies of social protection in the Ready Made Garment industry in the South East Asian country. Last Nightshift in Savar presents a detailed account of the national and international campaign efforts to bring the owner and his multinational buyers to book. It is also an account of the emergence of two quite different but replicable buyer approaches to the provision of relief for workers in such calamitous circumstances, which hopefully sheds light on some of the contradictions of corporate social responsibility in the globalised economy in which we live today. Finally, it is the story of the efforts of the international trade union, and NGO movement and of two men, in particular, to drive home change in compensation for industrial injury and fatality in the less developed world.

This book explores various protective devices utilised in the fields of medicine, automobile and motorcycle safety, and sports. This work gathers the latest research from around the globe in the study of this field and highlights such topics as: head restraints and whiplash, mouthguards, particulate respiratory protection, distal protection filters for cartoid artery stenting, motorcycle helmet use in Argentina, hip protector devices, and others.

Isabelle Latz analysiert unter Einbezug der Charaktereigenschaften und des Mediennutzungsverhalten die beruflichen Erwartungen der vier Generationen Babyboomer, X, Y und Z. Die Ergebnisse der Arbeit liefern damit Implikationen fur eine erfolgsorientierte Personalakquisition in Anbetracht einer Generationenvielfalt. In Zeiten des demografischen und soziokulturellen Wandels ermoeglicht die zielgruppenorientierte Personalbeschaffung das Erwecken von nachhaltigem Interesse an Unternehmen.

In the aftermath of the Spanish-American War, the United States’ acquisition of an overseas empire compelled the nation to reconsider the boundary between domestic and foreign--and between nation and empire. William D. Riddell looks at the experiences of merchant sailors and labor organizations to illuminate how domestic class conflict influenced America’s emerging imperial system. Maritime workers crossed ever-shifting boundaries that forced them to reckon with the collision of different labor systems and markets. Formed into labor organizations like the Sailor’s Union of the Pacific and the International Seaman’s Union of America, they contested the U.S.’s relationship to its empire while capitalists in the shipping industry sought to impose their own ideas. Sophisticated and innovative, On the Waves of Empire reveals how maritime labor and shipping capital stitched together, tore apart, and re-stitched the seams of empire.

As the United States transformed into an industrial superpower, American socialists faced the vexing question of how to approach race. Lorenzo Costaguta balances intellectual and institutional history to illuminate the clash between two major points of view. On one side, white supremacists believed labor should accept and apply the ascendant tenets of scientific theories of race. But others stood with International Workingmen’s Association leaders J. P. McDonnell and F. A. Sorge in rejecting the idea that racial and ethnic division influenced worker-employer relations, arguing instead that class played the preeminent role. Costaguta charts the socialist movement’s journey through the conflict and down a path that ultimately abandoned scientific racism in favor of an internationalist class-focused and racial-conscious American socialism. As he shows, the shift relied on a strong immigrant influence personified by the cosmopolitan Marxist thinker and future IWW cofounder Daniel De Leon. The class-focused movement that emerged became American socialism’s most common approach to race in the twentieth century and beyond.

Despotism on Demand draws attention to the impact of flexible scheduling on managerial power and workplace control. When we understand paid work as a power relationship, argues Alex J. Wood, we see how the spread of precarious scheduling constitutes flexible despotism; a novel regime of control within the workplace. Wood believes that flexible despotism represents a new domain of inequality, in which the postindustrial working class increasingly suffers a scheduling nightmare. By investigating two of the largest retailers in the world he uncovers how control in the contemporary "flexible firm" is achieved through the insidious combination of "flexible discipline" and "schedule gifts." Flexible discipline provides managers with an arbitrary means by which to punish workers, but flexible scheduling also requires workers to actively win favor with managers in order to receive "schedule gifts": more or better hours. Wood concludes that the centrality of precarious scheduling to control means that for those at the bottom of the postindustrial labor market the future of work will increasingly be one of flexible despotism.

As the founder of the Occupational Safety and Health Act and the first woman faculty member of Harvard University, Alice Hamilton will be remembered for her contributions to public health and her remarkable career. Born and raised in Fort Wayne, Indiana, Hamilton attended several medical schools contributing to her lifelong dedication to learning. Focusing on the investigation of the health and safety conditions – or rather lack thereof – in the nation's factories and mines during the second decade of the twentieth century, her discoveries led to factory and mine level-initiated reforms, and to city, state, and federal reform legislation. It also led to a greater recognition in the nation's universities for formal academic programs in industrial and public health. In 1919 the Harvard officials considered Hamilton the best qualified person in the country to lead their effort in this area. The Education of Alice Hamilton is an inspiring story of a woman dedicated to erudition and helping others.

Workplaces in the United States are safer today than they were 120 years ago. In this book, Donald W. Rogers attributes this improvement partly to the development in the Progressive Era of surprisingly strong state-level work safety and health regulatory agencies, a patchwork of commissions and labor departments that advanced safety law from common-law negligence to the modern system of administrative regulation. Centering on the most important of these state agencies, the Wisconsin Industrial Commission, Rogers examines how Wisconsin's program operated in practice, what its results were, and how it compared to protective labor law arrangements in Ohio, California, New York, Illinois, and Alabama. He illuminates the achievements of these agencies, including their integration of workers compensation and commission regulation (two bedrocks of modern occupational safety law), as well as their establishment of worker-employer advisory committees, administrative safety codes, a "safety first" ethic, and "prevailing good practices" in modernizing firms. He also reveals the mixed success that these bodies met in their code enforcement efforts and industrial health initiatives. Rogers shows how safety commissions reconciled technological progress with industrial efficiency, justice, and stability. Connecting this history to the creation of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration in 1970, Making Capitalism Safe will revise historical understandings of state regulation, compensation insurance, and labor law politics--issues that remain pressing in our time.