The aim of this book consists in demonstrating the state of the art in the domain of integration of images in worksta- tions devoted to radiologists, surgeons and clinicians. It describes possible tools and solutions in the fields of ima- ge archiving systems (image data bases, compression pro- blems,...), image communication systems, multimodality image matching, and interventional imaging. The participation of specialists coming from both the medi- cal and the engineering profession makes the book up to date and pertinent in the two domains: medical imaging and image processing.

Human response to short-term electrical exposure can be beneficial, as in the application of electrical stimulation for medical purposes, or pathological, as in unintended electric shock. This book is the first to offer a cohesive treatment of the subject, covering fundamental principles, specific human responses, and electrical safety. The book begins with a description of fundamental bioelectric principles. Subsequent chapters treat human reactions to electrical stimulation according to the nature of the response - sensory reactions, cardiac reactions, muscle reactions, electric and magnetic field exposure, and high-voltage and high-current injuries. The last chapter discusses standards and protective measures in consumer products. The author is a member of the principal professional staff at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. To supplement his own chapters, he has invited specialists to contribute chapters in their fields of expertise: Hermann Antoni, University of Freiburg, on electrical properties of the heart; James Sweeney, University of Arizona, on skeletal muscle responses; Michael Chilbert, Medical College of Wisconsin, on high-voltage and high-current injuries; and Walter Skuggevig, Underwriters Laboratories, on standards and protective measures. Sifting through a vast body of engineering and biomedical literature, Reilly has provided a unique reference that will interest researchers, designers, and regulatory personnel.

Summary: This book provides valuable, effective guidance for understanding, interpreting and implementing ISO 13485:2016 standard requirements. Despite its more than 800-page length, the author has specifically designed its contents to maximize usability for the reader with a table of contents identical to that of the ISO standard itself, which enables easy navigation and orientation. Pragmatic in style and down to earth in tone, this book draws real-life examples and case-studies from the author's many years of experience in consulting to illustrate even the most complex of ISO 13485:2016 standard requirements and their implementation. Identifying relevant requirements and how they harmonize with quality management systems, developing processes for design and development, as well as product realization and validation are just a few of the issues covered in-depth by this publication. In addition, the author constantly reviews the distinctive characteristics and aspects of the medical device manufacturing industry, so that the reader can also appreciate the subject of this book in an everyday context. Features: A pragmatic and down to earth approach towards the reader's understanding of ISO 13485:2016 standard requirements implementation. Uses examples and cases from real-life based on the author's many years of experience in quality management. A table of contents structured identically to that of ISO 13485:2016 itself, allowing easier navigation and orientation for the reader. Emphasises guidance for ISO 13495:2016 standard requirements which are difficult to interpret and implement Constantly reviews the aspect of medical device industry characteristics and distinctive so the reader can reflect the content with its daily work.

General Practice is undergoing the most major series of changes since the introduction of the National Health Service in 1948. They concern both concepts of care and practical details of the way care is delivered. In spite of the hostility generated by the changes most of the broad general concepts have been accepted. The principle of patients having more choice is widely supported, the inclusion of preventive medicine and anticipatory care in the responsibilities of practice has few opponents, the introduction of audit as a way of improving performance has been generally welcomed. Even the idea of putting GPs in better financial management of patients and drug budgets has had supporters in principle. The antipathy has generally related to the method of introduction of these changes. One important concern has been the time requirements of the New Contract and the feeling that these will erode the real nature of our work: the close personal relationship with patients. If we improve the quality of our management this is less likely to happen. We shall be able to work within the New Contract and retain the quality of service we pro vide. If we improve the understanding of our staff of what we are trying to achieve we are more likely to reach the targets that we set whilst keeping people happy. vii This book sets out to explain the New Contract."

Youniverse is about you and the way things really are--how to improve your chances of a much longer and more satisfying life. It could be called an extension of an old and honorable tradition, that of enlightened self-interest. Traditional ideologies teach sacrifice for something "greater" than yourself, but in the era of cryonics and anti-senescence research, with a little brains and a little luck, you can do much better.

Artificial Intelligence Applications in Human Pathology deals with the latest topics in biomedical research and clinical cancer diagnostics. With chapters provided by true international experts in the field, this book gives real examples of the implementation of AI and machine learning in human pathology.Advances in machine learning and AI in general have propelled computational and general pathology research. Today, computer systems approach the diagnostic levels achieved by humans for certain well-defined tasks in pathology. At the same time, pathologists are faced with an increased workload both quantitatively (numbers of cases) and qualitatively (the amount of work per case, with increasing treatment options and the type of data delivered by pathologists also expected to become more fine-grained). AI will support and leverage mathematical tools and implement data-driven methods as a center for data interpretation in modern tissue diagnosis and pathology. Digital or computational pathology will also foster the training of future computational pathologists, those with both pathology and non-pathology backgrounds, who will eventually decide that AI-based pathology will serve as an indispensable hub for data-related research in a global health care system.Some of the specific topics explored within include an introduction to DL as applied to Pathology, Standardized Tissue Sampling for Automated Analysis, integrating Computational Pathology into Histopathology workflows. Readers will also find examples of specific techniques applied to specific diseases that will aid their research and treatments including but not limited to; Tissue Cartography for Colorectal Cancer, Ki-67 Measurements in Breast Cancer, and Light-Sheet Microscopy as applied to Virtual Histology.The key role for pathologists in tissue diagnostics will prevail and even expand through interdisciplinary work and the intuitive use of an advanced and interoperating (AI-supported) pathology workflow delivering novel and complex features that will serve the understanding of individual diseases and of course the patient.

The current scarcity of expert systems where the reasoning is based on Bayesian probability theory may be due to misconceptions about probabilities found in the literature. As argued by Cheeseman (1985), these misconceptions have led to the attitude: "The Bayesian approach doesn't work - so here is a new scheme." Several of these expert systems based on ad hoc "probability" concepts have been successful in a number of ways, demonstrating the necessity of being able to handle uncertainty in medical expert systems. They also demonstrate the need for a theoretically sound handling of uncertainty. In Andersen et al. (1986) it was postulated that knowledge organized in a causal network can be used for a unified approach to the main tasks of a medical expert system: diagnosis, planning of tests and explanations. The present paper explores this postulate in a causal probabilistic network. It also provides a practical demonstration that the problems supposedly associated with probabilistic networks are either non-existent or that practical solutions can be found. This paper reports on the methods implemented in MUNIN* -an expert system for electromyography (EMG) (Andreassen et al. 1987). EMG is the diagnosis of muscle and nerve diseases through analysis of bioelectrical signals from muscle and nerve tissue. In Andreassen et al.

Proper nutrition is of great importance both in the maintenance of health and also in the treatment of a large number of diseases. This is an account of the practical aspects of nutritional management and the relationship between nutrition and disease. Developments have occurred in in all aspects of clinical nutrition, especially in the management of intestinal failure, including techniques of enteral and parenteral nutrition which patients can use at home as well as in hospital.;The book describes the source and utilization of nutrients, reviews the nutritional management of disease and offers practical advice on the various methods which are available for giving artificial nutritional support in a wide variety of conditions. It should be of interest to senior medical undergraduates, medical graduates in training, as well as dieticians and nurses in hospital practice.

This 1984 work examines concepts and strategies for using health care technology effectively and humanely at the bedside. Applying knowledge from the decision sciences, ethics, economics, sociology, the physical sciences, law, history, and clinical medicine, this book provides a multidisciplinary framework for practitioners, educators, policy makers, and the public who must decide about and implement the technological agents of health care. Twelve chapters present basic knowledge about this technology, from the forces that create and disseminate it to the perspectives and techniques crucial for directing its use. The second part of the book consists of twenty-three case studies depicting the benefits and liminations of the chief health care technologies of our times, such as electronic fetal monitoring, imaging technology, intensive care, and genetic diagnosis. By discussing both theory and practice in the context of legal, economic, ethical, and other concerns, this work will help prepare health care students and professionals to deal with the complex issues associated with the use of technology in health care.

The four Primary Surgery volumes are manuals written for the non-specialist doctor and medical students. Two other volumes Trauma and Primary Anaesthesia have already been published and a fourth, Primary Mother Care is in preparation. The manuals describe what a doctor can do if s/he cannot refer a patient, both in emergency and for cold surgery'. Surgery has become fragmented into many specialties, and these manuals select methods of which the generalist can make good use. Although common problems such as Caesarean section, the resection of dead gut, and the release of pus from infected bones are highlighted, it is recognized that rare problems are fairly common, and thus the manuals aim to be comprehensive. The organization and equipment found within an operating theatre is described, and an extensive equipment list is provided. The previous volumes have been well-received, as a reader from Africa testifies: With the volume on Trauma (which never leaves the theatre) open, my colleagues and I have done several operations successfully, which we previously knew nothing about. I was especially impressed with the descriptions of how to make burr holes for intracranial bleeding. Foll

The three-volume set LNCS 8149, 8150, and 8151 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2013, held in Nagoya, Japan, in September 2013. Based on rigorous peer reviews, the program committee carefully selected 262 revised papers from 789 submissions for presentation in three volumes. The 95 papers included in the first volume have been organized in the following topical sections: physiological modeling and computer-assisted intervention; imaging, reconstruction, and enhancement; registration; machine learning, statistical modeling, and atlases; computer-aided diagnosis and imaging biomarkers; intraoperative guidance and robotics; microscope, optical imaging, and histology; cardiology, vasculatures and tubular structures; brain imaging and basic techniques; diffusion MRI; and brain segmentation and atlases.

The Comprehensive Textbook of Healthcare Simulation is a cohesive, single-source reference on all aspects of simulation in medical education and evaluation. It covers the use of simulation in training in each specialty and is aimed at healthcare educators and administrators who are developing their own simulation centers or programs and professional organizations looking to incorporate the technology into their credentialing process. For those already involved in simulation, the book will serve as a state-of-the-art reference that helps them increase their knowledge base, expand their simulation program's capabilities, and attract new, additional target learners. Features: * Written and edited by pioneers and experts in healthcare simulation * Personal memoirs from simulation pioneers * Each medical specialty covered * Guidance on teaching in the simulated environment * Up-to-date information on current techniques and technologies * Tips from "insiders" on funding, development, accreditation, and marketing of simulation centers * Floor plans of simulation centers from across the United States * Comprehensive glossary of terminology

Ergonomisch gestaltete Medizintechnik f hrt zu effizienteren Arbeitsabl ufen, erh ht die Patientensicherheit und reduziert die Arbeitsbelastung. Das Buch erl utert, wie Medizintechnik an die Bed rfnisse der Nutzer und Anwender angepasst werden kann. Durch das beschriebene Vorgehen ist es m glich, sowohl die Anforderungen der harmonisierten Normen DIN EN 62366 und DIN EN 60601-1-6 umzusetzen als auch neue L sungsans tze f r die Entwicklung innovativer Medizintechnik zu erarbeiten. Die Umsetzung wird anhand ausgew hlter Praxisbeispiele er rtert.

Knowledge Coupling discusses the premises upon which the coupling of knowledge to every action is based in the practice of medicine, as well as why these premises must change. In concrete terms, the volume explores the methods of structuring and using medical knowledge and medical records that enables implementation of new premises; it sets forth a specific approach to use of the computer. The work examines the new roles and skills that will be demanded of both patients and health care providers within the system based on these new premises. The author takes into account the broad implications of his philosophy for the social, economic, educational, and political structuring of the health care system.

Learn how to accurately analyze urine and body fluids with Fundamentals of Urine and Body Fluid Analysis, 5th Edition. Known for its clear writing style, logical organization, and vivid full-color illustrations, this renowned text offers the perfect level and depth of information for understanding the fundamental principles of urine and body fluids frequently encountered in the clinical laboratory. This includes the collection and analysis of urine, fecal specimens, vaginal secretions, and other body fluids such as cerebrospinal, synovial, seminal, amniotic, pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal fluids. Author Nancy Brunzel also shares her extensive knowledge and expertise in the field as she highlights key information and walks you through essential techniques and procedures - showing you how to correlate data with your knowledge of basic anatomy and physiology in order to understand pathologic processes. Study questions and case studies in each chapter reinforce comprehension and application, with an answer key located in the back of the book. UNIQUE! Table of crystal images based on shape serves as a single, comprehensive guide to the identification of crystals in urine sediment. UNIQUE! Image Gallery of Urine Sediment provides alternate views of sediment components to augment the numerous classic photomicrographs already present in the Microscopic Examination of Urine chapter. UNIQUE! Quick Guides to urine and body fluid photomicrographs make it fast and easy to find a photo of a specific cell type or component of interest. UNIQUE! Tables with high quality polarizing microscopy photomicrographs demonstrate the differences in birefringent intensity of substances with and without a red compensator. The most complete collection of high-quality, full-color images enables optimal identification of microscopic components in urine and other body fluids. NEW! Fully updated content provides valuable information on the latest techniques and advances in the field. NEW! Enhanced content, new tables, and new images facilitate the microscopic differentiation of monocytes, macrophages, and mesothelial cells in pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial fluids. NEW! More than 250 photomicrographs of cells and other components in body fluid and urine sediment serve as a visual quick reference for identification during analysis. NEW! Thumbprint images embedded in numerous tables enhance learning and serve as an invaluable resource when performing fluid analysis at the bench.

Provides a comprehensive overview of wireless computing in medicine, with technological, medical, and legal advances This book brings together the latest work of leading scientists in the disciplines of Computing, Medicine, and Law, in the field of Wireless Health. The book is organized into three main sections. The first section discusses the use of distributed computing in medicine. It concentrates on methods for treating chronic diseases and cognitive disabilities like Alzheimer s, Autism, etc. It also discusses how to improve portability and accuracy of monitoring instruments and reduce the redundancy of data. It emphasizes the privacy and security of using such devices. The role of mobile sensing, wireless power and Markov decision process in distributed computing is also examined. The second section covers nanomedicine and discusses how the drug delivery strategies for chronic diseases can be efficiently improved by Nanotechnology enabled materials and devices such as MENs and Nanorobots. The authors will also explain how to use DNA computation in medicine, model brain disorders and detect bio-markers using nanotechnology. The third section will focus on the legal and privacy issues, and how to implement these technologies in a way that is a safe and ethical. * Defines the technologies of distributed wireless health, from software that runs cloud computing data centers, to the technologies that allow new sensors to work * Explains the applications of nanotechnologies to prevent, diagnose and cure disease * Includes case studies on how the technologies covered in the book are being implemented in the medical field, through both the creation of new medical applications and their integration into current systems * Discusses pervasive computing s organizational benefits to hospitals and health care organizations, and their ethical and legal challenges Wireless Computing in Medicine: From Nano to Cloud with Its Ethical and Legal Implications is written as a reference for computer engineers working in wireless computing, as well as medical and legal professionals. The book will also serve students in the fields of advanced computing, nanomedicine, health informatics, and technology law.

The interaction of tissue and synthetic material can be the pivotal element in the artificial replacement of a body part damaged by disease or trauma. Hip replacements, dental implants, pacemaker leads, vascular grafts, heart valves, and dialysis machines all involve microscopic, tissue-level events that determine the success or failure of such devices. An Introduction to Tissue-Biomaterial Interactions acquaints an undergraduate audience with the fundamental biological processes that influence these sophisticated, cutting-edge procedures.

Chapters one through three provide more detail about the molecular-level events that happen at the tissue-implant interface, while chapters four through ten explore selected material, biological, and physiological consequences of these events. The importance of the body’s wound-healing response is emphasized throughout. Specific topics covered include:

• Structure and properties of biomaterials
• Proteins
• Protein-surface interactions
• Blood-biomaterial interactions
• Inflammation and infection
• The immune system
• Biomaterial responses to implantation
• Biomaterial surface engineering
• Intimal hyperplasia and osseointegration as examples of tissue-biomaterial interactions

The text also provides extensive coverage of the three pertinent interfaces between the body and the biomaterial, between the body and the living cells, and between the cells and the biomaterial that are critical in the development of tissue-engineered products that incorporate living cells within a biomaterial matrix.

Ideal for a one-semester, biomedical engineering course, An Introduction to Tissue-Biomaterial Interactions provides a solid framework for understanding today’s and tomorrow’s implantable biomedical devices.

"Compression for Clinicians: Considerations for Hearing Aid Fittings, Third Edition" explains many developments that have taken place in the world of hearing aid compression, fitting methods, and real ear measurement. Directional microphones and digital features of noise reduction, feedback reduction, and expansion are also covered. The text aims to make difficult concepts easier to understand and to explain in plain language many topics pertaining to compression. The third edition recognizes two distinct clinical populations of sensori-neural hearing loss; mild-to-moderate on the one hand, and more severe on the other. These two clinical populations are well served by a corresponding pair of compression types; wide dynamic range compression and output limiting compression. Another double distinction held throughout the text is the two-part task for all hearing aids; providing gain and also, increasing the signal-to-noise ratio. Gain is addressed by compression, while listening in noise is addressed by directional microphones and digital noise reduction.New to the Third Edition:*Includes new chapters on common clinical encounters (Chapter 1), real ear measurement (Chapter 5), and adaptive dynamic range optimization (Chapter 10)*Distinguishes between "sensory" and "neural" hearing loss and devotes a separate chapter to each of these types of sensori-neural hearing loss*Contains updated coverage of digital hearing aids, directional microphones, and digital noise reduction*Retains a strong focus on the historical development of compression from yesterday's analog hearing aids to digital hearing aids of today"Compression for Clinicians" is intended for those studying to become hearing health care professionals, including audiologists and hearing instrument practitioners. It is also intended for practicing clinicians who simply want to refresh their knowledge base concerning hearing loss and hearing aids. Clinically relevant and very thorough, it provides a relevant compass in the world of compression hearing aids.

This practical guide is designed for students and researchers with an existing knowledge of R who wish to learn how to apply it in an epidemiological context and exploit its versatility. It also serves as a broader introduction to the quantitative aspects of modern practical epidemiology. The standard tools used in epidemiology are described and the practical use of R for these is clearly explained and laid out. R code examples, many with output, are embedded throughout the text. The entire code is also available on the companion website so that readers can reproduce all the results and graphs featured in the book. Epidemiology with R is an advanced textbook suitable for senior undergraduate and graduate students, professional researchers, and practitioners in the fields of human and non-human epidemiology, public health, veterinary science, and biostatistics.

This practical guide is designed for students and researchers with an existing knowledge of R who wish to learn how to apply it in an epidemiological context and exploit its versatility. It also serves as a broader introduction to the quantitative aspects of modern practical epidemiology. The standard tools used in epidemiology are described and the practical use of R for these is clearly explained and laid out. R code examples, many with output, are embedded throughout the text. The entire code is also available on the companion website so that readers can reproduce all the results and graphs featured in the book. Epidemiology with R is an advanced textbook suitable for senior undergraduate and graduate students, professional researchers, and practitioners in the fields of human and non-human epidemiology, public health, veterinary science, and biostatistics.

An accessible guide that introduces students in all areas of life sciences to bioinformatics Basic Applied Bioinformatics provides a practical guidance in bioinformatics and helps students to optimize parameters for data analysis and then to draw accurate conclusions from the results. In addition to parameter optimization, the text will also familiarize students with relevant terminology. Basic Applied Bioinformatics is written as an accessible guide for graduate students studying bioinformatics, biotechnology, and other related sub-disciplines of the life sciences. This accessible text outlines the basics of bioinformatics, including pertinent information such as downloading molecular sequences (nucleotide and protein) from databases; BLAST analyses; primer designing and its quality checking, multiple sequence alignment (global and local using freely available software); phylogenetic tree construction (using UPGMA, NJ, MP, ME, FM algorithm and MEGA7 suite), prediction of protein structures and genome annotation, RNASeq data analyses and identification of differentially expressed genes and similar advanced bioinformatics analyses. The authors Chandra Sekhar Mukhopadhyay, Ratan Kumar Choudhary, and Mir Asif Iquebal are noted experts in the field and have come together to provide an updated information on bioinformatics. Salient features of this book includes: * Accessible and updated information on bioinformatics tools * A practical step-by-step approach to molecular-data analyses * Information pertinent to study a variety of disciplines including biotechnology, zoology, bioinformatics and other related fields * Worked examples, glossary terms, problems and solutions Basic Applied Bioinformatics gives students studying bioinformatics, agricultural biotechnology, animal biotechnology, medical biotechnology, microbial biotechnology, and zoology an updated introduction to the growing field of bioinformatics.

Computational Modelling of Biomechanics and Biotribology in the Musculoskeletal System: Biomaterials and Tissues, Second Edition reviews how a wide range of materials are modeled and applied. Chapters cover basic concepts for modeling of biomechanics and biotribology, the fundamentals of computational modeling of biomechanics in the musculoskeletal system, finite element modeling in the musculoskeletal system, computational modeling from a cells and tissues perspective, and computational modeling of the biomechanics and biotribology interactions, looking at complex joint structures. This book is a comprehensive resource for professionals in the biomedical market, materials scientists and biomechanical engineers, and academics in related fields. This important new edition provides an up-to-date overview of the most recent research and developments involving hydroxyapatite as a key material in medicine and its application, including new content on novel technologies, biomorphic hydroxyapatite and more.

The EHRA Book of Interventional Electrophysiology is the second official textbook of European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA). Using clinical cases to encourage practical learning, this book assists electrophysiologists and device specialists in tackling both common and unusual situations that they may encounter during daily practice. Richly illustrated, and covering electrophysiological procedures for supra-ventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, the book enables specialists to deepen their understanding of complex concepts and techniques. Tracings, covering supra-ventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, are presented with multiple-choice questions to allow readers to hone their skills for interpreting challenging cases and to prepare for the EHRA certification exam in electrophysiology. Cases include Orthodromic AVRT, PV Isolation, VT ablation, and Atypical left atrial flutter to name a few. The EHRA Book of Interventional Electrophysiology is a wide-ranging, practical case-book, written by leading experts in the field and edited by members of the EHRA education committee: an essential companion for electrophysiologists and trainees alike.

As the human lifespan increases, New York Times best-selling author Michael Roizen, M.D. offers an inspiring look into the future of longevity--and reveals how to prepare for a longer, healthier future. Believe it or not, living to 100, 120, or even 130 years old will become increasingly common over the next decade--and life past 100 may not be what you think. In this groundbreaking narrative, best-selling author Michael Roizen explains how cutting-edge science and technology will revolutionize your ability to live longer, younger, and better. As evidenced in the global press, today's breakthroughs in longevity research are unprecedented. This provocative yet practical book will help you prepare for the next major social disruptor by making the best decisions for your brain, your body, and your bank account. Dr. Roizen, along with acclaimed economists Peter Linneman and Albert Ratner, unpacks a wide swath of medical phenomena--from reengineering aging cells to DNA manipulation to bionic bodies--and shows how increased longevity will change our lives and our culture. They also provide a concrete action plan for good health, a youthful appearance, mental vigor, and strong finances in this brave new world. The most comprehensive and forward-looking take on aging to date, this indispensable book illuminates the prevention, treatment, and technology that will reshape how we think about old age--and help us plan for an audacious future.

Distributional cost-effectiveness analysis aims to help health care and public health organisations make fairer decisions with better outcomes. Whereas standard cost-effectiveness analysis provides information about total costs and effects, distributional cost-effectiveness analysis provides additional information about fairness in the distribution of costs and effects - who gains, who loses, and by how much. It can also provide information about the trade-offs that sometimes occur between efficiency objectives, such as improving total health, and equity objectives, such as reducing unfair inequality in health. This is a practical guide to a flexible suite of economic methods for quantifying the equity consequences of health programmes in high-, middle- and low-income countries. The methods can be tailored and combined in various ways to provide useful information to different decision-makers in different countries with different distributional equity concerns. The handbook is primarily aimed at postgraduate students and analysts specialising in cost-effectiveness analysis but is also accessible to a broader audience of health sector academics, practitioners, managers, policymakers and stakeholders. As well as offering an overview for research commissioners, users, and producers, the book includes systematic technical guidance on how to simulate and evaluate distributions, with accompanying hands-on spreadsheet training exercises, and discussions about how to handle uncertainty about facts and disagreement about values, and the future challenges facing this young and rapidly evolving field of study.