UHMWPE Biomaterials Handbook, Third Edition, describes the science, development, properties, and application of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) used in artificial joints. UHMWPE is now the material of choice for joint replacements, and is increasingly being used in fibers for sutures. This book is a one-stop reference for information on this advanced material, covering both introductory topics and the most advanced developments. The third edition adds six new chapters on a range of topics, including the latest in anti-oxidant technologies for stabilizing HXLPE and up-to-date systematic reviews of the clinical literature for HXLPE in hips and knees. The book chronicles the rise and fall of all-metal hip implants, as well as the increased use of ceramic biomaterials and UHMWPE for this application. This book also brings orthopedic researchers and practitioners up to date on the stabilization of UHMWPE with antioxidants, as well as the choices of antioxidant available for practitioners. The book also thoroughly assesses the clinical performance of HXLPE, as well as alternative bearings in knee replacement and UHMWPE articulations with polyether ether ketone (PEEK). Written and edited by the top experts in the field of UHMWPE, this is the only state-of-the-art reference for professionals, researchers, and clinicians working with this material.

In this book, the health impacts of promoting walking to school as part of a comprehensive health impact assessment (HIA) were examined. The chapter focused on a single area of analysis - physical activity and associated changes in body mass index (BMI). The second chapter of this book reviews the potential health outcomes related to redeveloping a dangerous highway; the third chapter examined noise health impact assessment, with a focus on noise levels, peak levels and reverberation times of playrooms. The authors discuss the practical measures that can be taken for effective noise prevention that could help improve actual noise conditions and minimize the risk of health effects. The last chapter reviews the persistence of microbial adhesion and its challenges to the establishment and maintenance of hygienic conditions in various environments.

Using bioinformatics methods to generate a systems-level view of the immune system; description of the main biological concepts and the new data-driven algorithms. Despite the fact that advanced bioinformatics methodologies have not been used as extensively in immunology as in other subdisciplines within biology, research in immunological bioinformatics has already developed models of components of the immune system that can be combined and that may help develop therapies, vaccines, and diagnostic tools for such diseases as AIDS, malaria, and cancer. In a broader perspective, specialized bioinformatics methods in immunology make possible for the first time a systems-level understanding of the immune system. The traditional approaches to immunology are reductionist, avoiding complexity but providing detailed knowledge of a single event, cell, or molecular entity. Today, a variety of experimental bioinformatics techniques connected to the sequencing of the human genome provides a sound scientific basis for a comprehensive description of the complex immunological processes. This book offers a description of bioinformatics techniques as they are applied to immunology, including a succinct account of the main biological concepts for students and researchers with backgrounds in mathematics, statistics, and computer science as well as explanations of the new data-driven algorithms in the context of biological data that will be useful for immunologists, biologists, and biochemists working on vaccine design. In each chapter the authors show interesting biological insights gained from the bioinformatics approach. The book concludes by explaining how all the methods presented in the book can be integrated to identify immunogenic regions in microorganisms and host genomes.

3D Printing in Medicine examines the emerging market of 3D-printed biomaterials and its clinical applications. With a particular focus on both commercial and premarket tools, the book looks at their applications within medicine and the future outlook for the field. The book begins with a discussion of the fundamentals of 3D printing, including topics such as materials, and hardware. Chapters go on to cover applications within medicine such as computational analysis of 3D printed constructs, personalized 3D printing and 3D cell and organ printing. The concluding chapters in the book review the applications of 3D printing in diagnostics, drug development, 3D-printed disease models and 3D printers for surgical practice. With a strong focus on the translation of 3D printing technology to a clinical setting, this book is a valuable resource for scientists and engineers working in biomaterial, biomedical, and nanotechnology based industries and academia.

Despite advances in materials and sterilisation, patients who receive biomaterials of medical device implants are still at risk of developing an infection around the implantation site. This book reviews the fundamentals of biomaterials and medical device related infections and methods and materials for the treatment and prevention of infection. The first part of the book provides readers with an introduction to the topic including analyses of biofilms, diagnosis and treatment of infection, pathology and topography. The second part of the book discusses a range of established and novel technologies and materials which have been designed to prevent infection.

High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is an increasingly popular physical tool with a wide range of applications in medicine. One of the drivers of this advancement is the development of ultrasound phased arrays, which, although more complex and costly than the traditional single focused bowl transducers used in earlier studies, are capable of electronically controlled dynamic focusing. Such systems not only steer a single focus without movement of the array itself, but can also generate several foci simultaneously and create focal regions with complex configurations. This book addresses the design, research and development, and medical applications of both relatively small HIFU arrays that can be inserted into body cavities (so called linear arrays) and larger two dimensional arrays for extracorporeal use. A key safety issue in the design of these arrays is to ensure that only targeted tissue is exposed to high levels of acoustic intensity and in this regard, this book highlights the advantages of designs involving spatial randomization of array elements to reduce the level of potentially dangerous grating lobes. In particular, phased arrays with a random distribution of elements are discussed and compared to regular arrays, and methods for calculating ultrasound fields generated by different phased arrays including the generation of multiple simultaneous foci and focal regions with complex geometrical shapes are presented. A detailed discussion of the influence of the dimensions, number, and shape of individual elements, errors in phase setting at the elements, and the frequency modulation of the signal on the quality of the intensity distributions produced by random arrays is included.

Varicose veins are known to affect approximately one third of the population and lead to reduced quality of life for patients. The traditional method of treatment has been surgery, but over the past decade, minimally invasive techniques have gained increasing prominence. These have been found to be easier to administer, less expensive, have shorter recovery periods and enables a more rapid return to normal activities. One such method is the use of foam sclerotherapy for the treatment of truncal incompetence and it has increased in popularity since the 1990s. Compared to surgery, the procedure is much cheaper and the recovery time is fairly rapid post-procedure. Patients have also reported improved health related quality of life afterwards. This book discusses the process involved in sclerotherapy, its potential complications and clinical outcomes.

Known as the bible of biomedical engineering, The Biomedical Engineering Handbook, Fourth Edition, sets the standard against which all other references of this nature are measured. As such, it has served as a major resource for both skilled professionals and novices to biomedical engineering. Biomedical Signals, Imaging, and Informatics, the third volume of the handbook, presents material from respected scientists with diverse backgrounds in biosignal processing, medical imaging, infrared imaging, and medical informatics. More than three dozen specific topics are examined, including biomedical signal acquisition, thermographs, infrared cameras, mammography, computed tomography, positron-emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, hospital information systems, and computer-based patient records. The material is presented in a systematic manner and has been updated to reflect the latest applications and research findings.

The study guide includes lab activities for each chapter that inspire learning through creative and practical applications, hundreds of questions in each chapter to help reinforce and test your understanding of the concepts, image-labeling exercises to build your knowledge of instruments and anatomy, and case studies with related questions to develop and sharpen your critical thinking skills.

Ergonomisch gestaltete Medizintechnik f hrt zu effizienteren Arbeitsabl ufen, erh ht die Patientensicherheit und reduziert die Arbeitsbelastung. Das Buch erl utert, wie Medizintechnik an die Bed rfnisse der Nutzer und Anwender angepasst werden kann. Durch das beschriebene Vorgehen ist es m glich, sowohl die Anforderungen der harmonisierten Normen DIN EN 62366 und DIN EN 60601-1-6 umzusetzen als auch neue L sungsans tze f r die Entwicklung innovativer Medizintechnik zu erarbeiten. Die Umsetzung wird anhand ausgew hlter Praxisbeispiele er rtert.

Advances in research have led to the use of robotics in a range of surgical applications. Medical robotics: Minimally invasive surgery provides authoritative coverage of the core principles, applications and future potential of this enabling technology.
Beginning with an introduction to robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery (MIS), the core technologies of the field are discussed, including localization and tracking technologies for medical robotics. Key applications of robotics in laparoscopy, neurology, cardiovascular interventions, urology and orthopaedics are considered, as well as applications for ear, nose and throat (ENT) surgery, vitreoretinal surgery and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES). Microscale mobile robots for the circulatory system and mesoscale robots for the gastrointestinal tract are investigated, as is MRI-based navigation for in vivo magnetic microrobots. Finally, the book concludes with a discussion of ethical issues related to the use of robotics in surgery.
With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Medical robotics: Minimally invasive surgery is a comprehensive guide for all those working in the research, design, development and application of medical robotics for surgery. It also provides an authoritative introduction for academics and medical practitioners working in this field.
Provides authoritative coverage of the core principles, applications and future potential of medical roboticsIntroduces robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery (MIS), including the core technologies of the field and localization and tracking technologies for medical roboticsConsiders key applications of robotics in laparoscopy, neurology, cardiovascular interventions, urology and orthopaedics

Most current applications of biomaterials involve structural functions, even in those organs and systems that are not primarily structural in their nature, or very simple chemical or electrical functions. Complex chemical functions, such as those of the liver, and complex electrical or electrochemical functions, such as those of the brain and sense organs, cannot be carried out by biomaterials at this time. With these basic concepts in mind, Biomaterials: Principles and Practices focuses on biomaterials consisting of different materials such as metallic, ceramic, polymeric, and composite. It highlights the impact of recent advances in the area of nano- and microtechnology on biomaterial design. Discusses the biocompatibility of metallic implants and corrosion in an in vivo environment Provides a general overview of the relatively bioinert, bioactive or surface-reactive ceramics, and biodegradable or resorbable bioceramics Reviews the basic chemical and physical properties of synthetic polymers, the sterilization of the polymeric biomaterials, the importance of the surface treatment for improving biocompatibility, and the application of the chemogradient surface for the study on cell-to-polymer interactions Covers the fundamentals of composite materials and their applications in biomaterials Highlights commercially significant and successful biomedical biodegradable polymers Examines failure modes of different types of implants based on material, location, and function in the body The book discusses the role of biomaterials as governed by the interaction between the material and the body, specifically, the effect of the body environment on the material and the effect of the material on the body.

This cutting-edge issue of Anesthesiology Clinics is divided into two sections.? The first covers topics in perioperative clinical information systems (IS), including the following.? The anatomy of an anesthesia information management system; vendor and market landscape; impact of lexicons on adoption of an IS; clinical research using an IS, real-time alerts and reminders using an IS; shortcomings and challenges of IS adoption; creating a real return-on-investment for IS implementation (life after HITECH); Quality improvement using automated data sources and reporting; and opportunities and challenges of implementing an enterprise IS in the OR.? Section 2 is devoted to computers and covers the following topics.? Advanced integrated real-time clinical displays; enhancing point-of-care vigilance using computers; and computers in perioperative simulation and education.

This book comprehensively covers a broad range of therapeutic and diagnostic applications of nanotechnology and explains these fields in such a way as to keep the reader 's interest with descriptions of cutting-edge discoveries along with historical perspectives. The text is devoted to the basic principles of nanotechnology, focusing on nanomaterials and nanoparticles, as with respect to the whole of nanoscience, these sectors hold the most promise for the future of medicine. The book progresses rapidly to focus on nanomedicine as it applies to current and future society.

This textbook and guide focuses on methodologies for bias analysis in epidemiology and public health, not only providing updates to the first edition but also further developing methods and adding new advanced methods. As computational power available to analysts has improved and epidemiologic problems have become more advanced, missing data, Bayes, and empirical methods have become more commonly used. This new edition features updated examples throughout and adds coverage addressing: Measurement error pertaining to continuous and polytomous variables Methods surrounding person-time (rate) data Bias analysis using missing data, empirical (likelihood), and Bayes methods A unique feature of this revision is its section on best practices for implementing, presenting, and interpreting bias analyses. Pedagogically, the text guides students and professionals through the planning stages of bias analysis, including the design of validation studies and the collection of validity data from other sources. Three chapters present methods for corrections to address selection bias, uncontrolled confounding, and measurement errors, and subsequent sections extend these methods to probabilistic bias analysis, missing data methods, likelihood-based approaches, Bayesian methods, and best practices.

The book offers an introduction to all the informatics concepts that are represented on the Clinical Informatics Board Examination The core and direction of this book is to mirror the model of clinical informatics which is used by the American Board of Preventive Medicine to create their exam. Unlike any other text on the market, the book includes simulated exam questions, to help the reader asses his knowledge and focus his study. Clinical Informatics Board Review and Self Assessment is a thorough practical assistant to refine the reader's knowledge regarding this youngest and possibly broadest fields of medicine.

This open access book introduces the National Health Insurance (NHI) system of Taiwan with a particular emphasis on its application of digital technology to improve healthcare access and quality. The authors explicate how Taiwan integrates its strong Information and Communications Technology (ICT) industry with 5G to construct an information system that facilitates medical information exchange, collects data for planning and research, refines medical claims review procedures and even assists in fighting COVID-19. Taiwan's NHI, launched in 1995, is a single-payer system funded primarily through payroll-based premiums. It covers all citizens and foreign residents with the same comprehensive benefits without the long waiting times seen in other single-payer systems. Though premium rate adjustment and various reforms were carried out in 2010, the NHI finds itself at a crossroads over its financial stability. With the advancement of technologies and an aging population, it faces challenges of expanding coverage to newly developed treatments and diagnosis methods and applying the latest innovations to deliver telemedicine and more patient-centered services. The NHI, like the national health systems of other countries, also needs to address the privacy concerns of the personal health data it collects and the issues regarding opening this data for research or commercial use. In this book, the 12 chapters cover the history, characteristics, current status, innovations and future reform plans of the NHI in the digital era. Topics explored include: Income Strategy Payment Structure Pursuing Health Equity Infrastructure of the Medical Information System Innovative Applications of the Medical Information Applications of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Digital Health Care in Taiwan is essential reading for academic researchers and students in healthcare administration, health policy, health systems research, and health services delivery, as well as policymakers and public officials in relevant government departments. It also would appeal to academics, practitioners, and other professionals in public health, health sciences, social welfare, and health and biotechnology law.

Practical AI for Healthcare Professionals Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a buzzword in the healthcare sphere today. However, notions of what AI actually is and how it works are often not discussed. Furthermore, information on AI implementation is often tailored towards seasoned programmers rather than the healthcare professional/beginner coder. This book gives an introduction to practical AI in the medical sphere, focusing on real-life clinical problems, how to solve them with actual code, and how to evaluate the efficacy of those solutions. You'll start by learning how to diagnose problems as ones that can and cannot be solved with AI. You'll then learn the basics of computer science algorithms, neural networks, and when each should be applied. Then you'll tackle the essential parts of basic Python programming relevant to data processing and making AI programs. The Tensorflow/Keras library along with Numpy and Scikit-Learn are covered as well. Once you've mastered those basic computer science and programming concepts, you can dive into projects with code, implementation details, and explanations. These projects give you the chance to explore using machine learning algorithms for issues such as predicting the probability of hospital admission from emergency room triage and patient demographic data. We will then use deep learning to determine whether patients have pneumonia using chest X-Ray images. The topics covered in this book not only encompass areas of the medical field where AI is already playing a major role, but also are engineered to cover as much as possible of AI that is relevant to medical diagnostics. Along the way, readers can expect to learn data processing, how to conceptualize problems that can be solved by AI, and how to program solutions to those problems. Physicians and other healthcare professionals who can master these skills will be able to lead AI-based research and diagnostic tool development, ultimately benefiting countless patients.

Mathematical Modeling, Simulations, and Artificial Intelligence for Emergent Pandemic Diseases: Lessons Learned from COVID-19 includes new research, models and simulations developed during the COVID-19 pandemic into how mathematical methods and practice can impact future response. Chapters go beyond forecasting COVID-19, bringing different scale angles and mathematical techniques (e.g., ordinary differential and difference equations, agent-based models, artificial intelligence, and complex networks) which could have potential use in modeling other emergent pandemic diseases. A major part of the book focuses on preparing the scientific community for the next pandemic, particularly the application of mathematical modeling in ecology, economics and epidemiology. Readers will benefit from learning how to apply advanced mathematical modeling to a variety of topics of practical interest, including optimal allocations of masks and vaccines but also more theoretical problems such as the evolution of viral variants.

Encyclopedia of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology: ABC of Bioinformatics, Three Volume Set combines elements of computer science, information technology, mathematics, statistics and biotechnology, providing the methodology and in silico solutions to mine biological data and processes. The book covers Theory, Topics and Applications, with a special focus on Integrative -omics and Systems Biology. The theoretical, methodological underpinnings of BCB, including phylogeny are covered, as are more current areas of focus, such as translational bioinformatics, cheminformatics, and environmental informatics. Finally, Applications provide guidance for commonly asked questions. This major reference work spans basic and cutting-edge methodologies authored by leaders in the field, providing an invaluable resource for students, scientists, professionals in research institutes, and a broad swath of researchers in biotechnology and the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries.

This volume thoroughly describes the fundamentals of a new multidisciplinary field of study that aims to deepen our understanding of the human body by combining medical image processing, mathematical analysis, and artificial intelligence. Multidisciplinary Computational Anatomy (MCA) offers an advanced diagnosis and therapeutic navigation system to help detect or predict human health problems from the micro-level to macro-level using a four-dimensional, dynamic approach to human anatomy: space, time, function, and pathology. Applying this dynamic and "living" approach in the clinical setting will promote better planning for - and more accurate, effective, and safe implementation of - medical management. Multidisciplinary Computational Anatomy will appeal not only to clinicians but also to a wide readership in various scientific fields such as basic science, engineering, image processing, and biomedical engineering. All chapters were written by respected specialists and feature abundant color illustrations. Moreover, the findings presented here share new insights into unresolved issues in the diagnosis and treatment of disease, and into the healthy human body.

As the human lifespan increases, New York Times best-selling author Michael Roizen, M.D. offers an inspiring look into the future of longevity--and reveals how to prepare for a longer, healthier future. Believe it or not, living to 100, 120, or even 130 years old will become increasingly common over the next decade--and life past 100 may not be what you think. In this groundbreaking narrative, best-selling author Michael Roizen explains how cutting-edge science and technology will revolutionize your ability to live longer, younger, and better. As evidenced in the global press, today's breakthroughs in longevity research are unprecedented. This provocative yet practical book will help you prepare for the next major social disruptor by making the best decisions for your brain, your body, and your bank account. Dr. Roizen, along with acclaimed economists Peter Linneman and Albert Ratner, unpacks a wide swath of medical phenomena--from reengineering aging cells to DNA manipulation to bionic bodies--and shows how increased longevity will change our lives and our culture. They also provide a concrete action plan for good health, a youthful appearance, mental vigor, and strong finances in this brave new world. The most comprehensive and forward-looking take on aging to date, this indispensable book illuminates the prevention, treatment, and technology that will reshape how we think about old age--and help us plan for an audacious future.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Biomimetic and Biohybrid Systems, Living Machines 2022, held as virtual event, in July 19-22, 2022. The conference was held virtually due to the COVID-19 crisis. The 30 full papers and 8 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 48 submissions. They deal with research on novel life-like technologies inspired by the scientific investigation of biological systems; biomimetics; and research that seeks to interface biological and artificial systems to create biohybrid systems.

Interest in the therapeutic value of embryonic, fetal and adult stem cell types is rapidly expanding throughout the scientific community. The first half of this century should see an explosion of therapeutic applications of stem cells which will grow from the cells and techniques described in this book. Stem Cell Culture provides a comprehensive resource for researchers in the fields of embryonic, fetal and adult stem cell biology to find methods for the purification, culture, and differentiation of these cell types, with the main emphasis on the maintenance of the stem cell phenotype in vitro. This volume will be the first to broadly cover multiple types of stem cell culture from different ages, organs and species. Chapters focus on the practical do's and don'ts of isolating and culturing these cell types, and use illustrative data or diagrams that allow the reader to confidently apply techniques and make this a standard reference.
*Compares and contrasts a broad range of species and stem cell types.
*Describes techniques in stem cell research, and goes beyond just protocols by presenting methods within perspective of recent literature reviews.
*Delineates critical steps and potential pitfalls for each method, provided by at-the-bench authors for expert information.
*Covers specific procedures in dealing with Human Embryonic Stem Cells, but also emphasizes other sources of potentially therapeutic stem cells such as amniotic fluid, adult muscle and adipose tissue, and umbilical cord.