This book addresses Synthetic Biology (SynBio), a new and promising biotechnology that has attracted much interest from both a scientific and a policy perspective. Yet, questions concerning the patentability of SynBio inventions have not been examined in detail so far; as a result, it remains unclear whether these inventions are patentable on the basis of current norms and case law. The book addresses this question, focusing especially on the subject matter's eligibility and moral criteria. It provides an overview of the legislation and decisions applicable to SynBio patents and examines this new technology in view of the ongoing debate over the patentability of biotechnologies in general. The legal analysis is complemented by the practical examination of several patent applications submitted to the European and US patent offices (EPO and USPTO), and by an assessment of the patent issues that are likely to be raised by future SynBio developments.

This book describes current and potential use of artificial intelligence and computational intelligence techniques in biomedicine and other application areas. Medical applications range from general diagnostics to processing of X-ray images to e-medicine-related privacy issues. Medical community understandably prefers methods that have been successful other on other application areas, where possible mistakes are not that critical. This book describes many promising methods related to deep learning, fuzzy techniques, knowledge graphs, and quantum computing. It also describes the results of testing these new methods in communication networks, education, environmental studies, food industry, retail industry, transportation engineering, and many other areas. This book helps practitioners and researchers to learn more about computational intelligence methods and their biomedical applications-and to further develop this important research direction.

Biosimulation is an approach to biomedical research and the treatment of patients in which computer modeling goes hand in hand with experimental and clinical work. The models are used to interprete the experimental results and to accumulate information from experiment to experiment. The book explains the concepts used in the modeling of biological phenomena and goes on to present a series of well-documented models of the regulation of various genetic, cellular and physiological processes. We discuss how the use of computer models makes it possible to optimize the treatment of cancer for individual patients and explains how models of interacting nerve cells can be used to design new treatments for patients with Parkinson's disease. We discuss how use of models in industry will allow existing knowledge to be effectively applied, and the book ends with a presentation of the views of the regulatory agencies.

Contains papers presented at the Third International Symposium on Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering (1997), which provide evidence that computer-based models, and in particular numerical methods, are becoming essential tools for the solution of many problems encountered in the field of biomedical engineering. The range of subject areas presented include the modeling of hip and knee joint replacements, assessment of fatigue damage in cemented hip prostheses, nonlinear analysis of hard and soft tissue, methods for the simulation of bone adaptation, bone reconstruction using implants, and computational techniques to model human impact. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering also details the application of numerical techniques applied to orthodontic treatment together with introducing new methods for modeling and assessing the behavior of dental implants, adhesives, and restorations.
For more information, visit the "http: //www.uwcm.ac.uk/biorome/international symposium on Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering/home page, or "http: //www.gbhap.com/Computer_Methods_Biomechanic s_Biome dical_Engineering/" the home page for the journal.

This textbook has been conceptualized to provide a detailed description of the various aspects of Systems and Synthetic Biology, keeping the requirements of M.Sc. and Ph.D. students in mind. Also, it is hoped that this book will mentor young scientists who are willing to contribute to this area but do not know from where to begin. The book has been divided into two sections. The first section will deal with systems biology - in terms of the foundational understanding, highlighting issues in biological complexity, methods of analysis and various aspects of modelling. The second section deals with the engineering concepts, design strategies of the biological systems ranging from simple DNA/RNA fragments, switches and oscillators, molecular pathways to a complete synthetic cell will be described. Finally, the book will offer expert opinions in legal, safety, security and social issues to present a well-balanced information both for students and scientists.

The use of mathematical modeling te chniques in biomedical research is playing an increasingly important role aso ne seeks tounderstand the physiopathology of disease processes. This includes not only understand ing mechanisms ofphysiological processes, but diagnosis and treatment. In addition, its introduction in the study of genomics andproteomics is key in understanding the functional ch aracteristics of gene expression and protein assembly and secretion. Finally, with the increasing com plexity and associated cost of drug development, modeling techniques are being used to streamline the process. We have workedin c lose collaboration with colleagues in biomedical and pharmaceutical research for a number of years applying and refining mathematical modeling techniques to avariety o f problems. In addition, we haveworked incollaboration with colleagues in applied m athematics and statistics to develop new algorithms to solve new setsof problems as theyemerge ino ur research efforts. Finally, we have worked with colleagues in computer sciencet o develop new software tools that bring the power of mathematical modeling to a broad research community. This books brings together mucho f what we have learned over the years, and presents the material in a format that should be accessible both to the novice reader and those desiring more detailed information about specific techniques.

This book describes these exciting new developments, and presents experimental and computational findings that altogether describe the frontier of knowledge in cellular and biomolecular mechanics, and the biological implications, in health and disease. The book is written for bioengineers with interest in cellular mechanics, for biophysicists, biochemists, medical researchers and all other professionals with interest in how cells produce and respond to mechanical loads.

Hydrogels are networks of polymer chains which can produce a colloidal gel containing over 99 per cent water. The superabsorbency and permeability of naturally occurring and synthetic hydrogels give this class of materials an amazing array of uses. These uses range from wound dressings and skin grafts to oxygen-permeable contact lenses to biodegradable delivery systems for drugs or pesticides and scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Biomedical Applications of Hydrogels Handbook provides a comprehensive description of this diverse class of materials, covering both synthesis and properties and a broad range of research and commercial applications. The Handbook is divided into four sections: Stimuli-Sensitive Hydrogels, Hydrogels for Drug Delivery, Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering, and Hydrogels with Unique Properties.

Key Features:

• Provides comprehensive coverage of the basic science and applications of a diverse class of materials
• Includes both naturally occurring and synthetic hydrogels
• Edited and written by world leaders in the field.

The book focuses on novel interpenetrating polymer network (IPN)/semi-IPN technologies for drug delivery and biomedical applications. The dynamism of the design and development of interpenetrating network polymers is based on their ability to provide free volume for the easy encapsulation of drugs in the three-dimensional network structure obtained by cross-linking two or more polymer networks. Natural polymer-based IPNs can deliver drugs at a controlled rate over an extended period of time, while novel IPNs ensure better mechanical strength and sustained/ controlled drug-delivery properties. This book presents an overview of the use of this technology to fabricate nanomedicine, hydrogels, nanoparticles, and microparticles, thereby unlocking IPN's potential in the area of drug delivery and biomedical engineering. It also discusses applications of IPN systems in cancer therapy and tissue engineering, and describes the various IPN systems and their wide usage and applications in drug delivery.

This book facilitates both the theoretical background and applications of fuzzy, intuitionistic fuzzy and rough, fuzzy rough sets in the area of data science. This book provides various individual, soft computing, optimization and hybridization techniques of fuzzy and intuitionistic fuzzy sets with rough sets and their applications including data handling and that of type-2 fuzzy systems. Machine learning techniques are effectively implemented to solve a diversity of problems in pattern recognition, data mining and bioinformatics. To handle different nature of problems, including uncertainty, the book highlights the theory and recent developments on uncertainty, fuzzy systems, feature extraction, text categorization, multiscale modeling, soft computing, machine learning, deep learning, SMOTE, data handling, decision making, Diophantine fuzzy soft set, data envelopment analysis, centrally measures, social networks, Volterra–Fredholm integro-differential equation, Caputo fractional derivative, interval optimization, decision making, classification problems. This book is predominantly envisioned for researchers and students of data science, medical scientists and professional engineers.

This book presents the proceedings of the 9th Asian South Pacific Association of Sport Psychology International Congress (ASPASP) 2022, Kuching, Malaysia, which entails the different sporting innovation themes, namely, Applied Sport and Social Psychology, Health and Exercise, Motor Control and Learning, Counselling and Clinical Psychology, Biomechanics, Data Mining and Machine Learning in Sports amongst others. It presents the state-of-the-art technological advancements towards the aforesaid themes and provides a platform to shape the future direction of sport science, specifically in the field sports and exercise psychology.  ​

This book presents a comprehensive review of the latest advances in developing alginate-based biomaterials and derivatives as well as their biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. It covers the physiochemical properties of alginates, production and formulation methods, derivatizations and characterization methods, the fundamental work on optimizing alginate polymers for defined biomedical purposes as well as the scope and effectiveness of their applications in medicine and therapeutic approaches. The book brings together new concepts and advances in harnessing alginate-based biomaterials in combination with applied technological advances to tailor their applications to medical needs. The contributions by leading academics, clinicians and researchers not only cover the fundamentals, but also open new avenues for meeting future challenges in research and clinical applications.

This book provides a thorough overview of cutting-edge research on electronics applications relevant to industry, the environment, and society at large. It covers a broad spectrum of application domains, from automotive to space and from health to security, while devoting special attention to the use of embedded devices and sensors for imaging, communication and control. The volume is based on the 2021 ApplePies Conference, held online in September 2021, which brought together researchers and stakeholders to consider the most significant current trends in the field of applied electronics and to debate visions for the future. Areas addressed by the conference included information communication technology; biotechnology and biomedical imaging; space; secure, clean and efficient energy; the environment; and smart, green and integrated transport. As electronics technology continues to develop apace, constantly meeting previously unthinkable targets, further attention needs to be directed toward the electronics applications and the development of systems that facilitate human activities. This book, written by industrial and academic professionals, represents a valuable contribution in this endeavor.

The original edition of this text, Clinical Evaluation of Medical Devices: Principles and Case Studies, provided the first overview of key pr- ciples and approaches to medical device clinical trials, illustrated with a series of detailed, real-world case studies. The book is designed as a resource for clinical professionals and regulatory specialists working in the field of new medical device development and marketing. Since the first edition of this text was published in 1997, the rapid pace of inno- tion in health care technologies continues to yield exciting and important new products. The regulatory landscape has also evolved, reflecting some of the changes and needs within the medical device industry. The purpose of Clinical Evaluation of Medical Devices: Principles and Case Studies, Second Edition is to provide an updated and expanded presentation of the scientific methods and regulatory requirements applied to the study of new significant risk medical devices. The text now includes (1) new information on the requirements and process for gaining reimbursement of new products from Medicare and private insurers, with case studies of research specifically designed for this p- pose as well as health care technology assessment methods; (2) infor- tion on new statistical methodologies applied to medical device trials; and (3) all new case studies, including examples of combination pr- ucts, three-phase development models (i. e. , feasibility, FDA approval, Medicare reimbursement), and novel study designs.

Polyurethanes in Biomedical Applications studies the use of polyurethanes in implanted medical devices. This analysis describes the concepts of polymer science, the manufacture of polyurethanes, and the biological responses to implant polyurethanes, reflecting the developments in biomaterials science and the interdisciplinary nature of bioengineering.

This book discusses communications technologies used in the field of healthcare, including IoT, soft computing, machine learning, big data, augmented reality, and wearable sensors. The book presents various applications that are helpful for research scholars and scientists who are working toward identifying and pinpointing the potential of this technology. The book also helps researchers and practitioners to understand and analyze the e-healthcare architecture through IoT and the state-of-the-art in IoT countermeasures with real-time challenges. Topics of interest include healthcare systems based on advanced development boards, mobile health parameters recording and monitoring systems, remote health / patient monitoring, hospital operations management, abnormality / disease detection by IoT devices, and efficient drug management. The book is relevant to a range of researchers, academics, and practitioners working on the intersection of IoT and healthcare.

In the past few years, an increasing number of colleges and universities have added courses in biomedical ethics to their curricula. To some extent, these additions serve to satisfy student demands for "relevance. " But it is also true that such changes reflect a deepening desire on the part of the academic community to deal effectively with a host of problems which must be solved if we are to have a health-care delivery system which is efficient, humane, and just. To a large degree, these problems are the unique result of both rapidly changing moral values and dramatic advances in biomedical technology. The past decade has witnessed sudden and conspicuous controversy over the morality and legality of new practices relating to abortion, therapy for the mentally ill, experimentation using human subjects, forms of genetic interven tion, and euthanasia. Malpractice suits abound, and astronomical fees for malpractice insurance threaten the very possibility of medical and health-care practice. Without the backing of a clear moral consensus, the law is frequently forced into resolving these conflicts only to see the moral issues involved still hotly debated and the validity of the existing law further questioned. Take abortion, for example. Rather than settling the legal issue, the Supreme Court's original abortion decision in Roe v. Wade (1973), seems only to have spurred further legal debate. And of course, whether or not abortion is a mo rally ac ceptable procedure is still the subject of heated dispute."

Janus, the ancient Roman god depicted with two faces is an appropriate metaphor for light therapy. In the right photodynamic therapy conditions, light is able to kill nearly anything that is living such as cancers, microorganisms, parasites, and more. On the opposite face, light of the correct wavelength and proper dose (photobiomodulation) can heal, regenerate, protect, revitalize and restore any kind of dead, damaged, stressed, dying, degenerating cells, tissue, or organ system. This book discusses both sides of Janus' face in regards to light therapy.

This book provides a comprehensive presentation of the most frequently used high resolution manufacturing techniques available, as well as the polymeric materials used for each of the techniques. Divided into two parts covering the technologies and materials used and the impact on different research fields and case studies, High Resolution Manufacturing from 2D to 3D/4D Printing: Applications in Engineering and Medicine addresses issues like throughput improvement by volumetric 3D printing and presenting novel applications and case studies. In addition, this book also covers the latest breakthrough developments and innovations to help readers understand the future applications of this technology across various disciplines, including biomedicine, electronics, energy, and photonics.

Encyclopedia of Biomedical Engineering, Three Volume Set is a unique source for rapidly evolving updates on topics that are at the interface of the biological sciences and engineering. Biomaterials, biomedical devices and techniques play a significant role in improving the quality of health care in the developed world. The book covers an extensive range of topics related to biomedical engineering, including biomaterials, sensors, medical devices, imaging modalities and imaging processing. In addition, applications of biomedical engineering, advances in cardiology, drug delivery, gene therapy, orthopedics, ophthalmology, sensing and tissue engineering are explored. This important reference work serves many groups working at the interface of the biological sciences and engineering, including engineering students, biological science students, clinicians, and industrial researchers.

The field of cochlear mechanics has received an increasing interest over the last few decades. In the majority of these studies the researchers use linear systems analysis or linear approximations of the nonlinear (NL) systems. Even though it has been clear that the intact cochlea operates nonlinearly, lack of tools for proper nonlinear analysis, and widely available tools for linear analysis still lead to inefficient andpossiblyincorrect interpretation of the biophysics of the cochlea. An example is the presumption that a change in cochlear stiffness at hair cell level must account for the observed change in tuning (or frequency mapping) due to prestin application. Hypotheses like this need to be addressed in a tutorial that is lucid enough to analyze and explain basic differences.

"Cochlear Mechanics"presents a useful and mathematically justified/justifiable approach in the main part of the text, an approach that will be elucidated with clear examples. The book will be useful to scientists in auditory neuroscience, as well as graduate students in biophysics/biomedical engineering."

Emerging Phytosynthesized Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications provides readers with an increased understanding of the efficacy of phytochemicals obtained from plant extracts for the synthesis of nanomaterials, mechanism of formation, and the development of functional composites, all while still minimizing toxicity to humans and the environment. The book presents various novel biomedical applications of phytosynthesized nanomaterials for cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular treatment, drug delivery, antimicrobial agents, orthopedics, and biosensors, as well as pharmaceutical product development. This is an important reference source for biomaterials scientists and plant scientists looking to increase their understanding of how photosynthesized nanomaterials can be used in biomedical applications.

This book equips students with a thorough understanding of various types of sensors and biosensors that can be used for chemical, biological, and biomedical applications, including but not limited to temperature sensors, strain sensor, light sensors, spectrophotometric sensors, pulse oximeter, optical fiber probes, fluorescence sensors, pH sensor, ion-selective electrodes, piezoelectric sensors, glucose sensors, DNA and immunosensors, lab-on-a-chip biosensors, paper-based lab-on-a-chip biosensors, and microcontroller-based sensors. The author treats the study of biosensors with an applications-based approach, including over 15 extensive, hands-on labs given at the end of each chapter. The material is presented using a building-block approach, beginning with the fundamentals of sensor design and temperature sensors, and ending with more complicated biosensors.New to this second edition are sections on op-amp filters, pulse oximetry, meat quality monitoring, advanced fluorescent dyes, autofluorescence, various fluorescence detection methods, fluoride ion-selective electrode, advanced glucose sensing methods including continuous glucose monitoring, paper-based lab-on-a-chip, etc. A new chapter on nano-biosensors and an appendix on microcontrollers make this textbook ideal for undergraduate engineering students studying biosensors. It can also serve as a hands-on guide for scientists and engineers working in the sensor or biosensor industries.

Biomedical imaging enables physicians to evaluate areas of the body not normally visible, helping to diagnose and examine disease in patients. ""The Handbook of Research on Advanced Techniques in Diagnostic Imaging and Biomedical Applications"" includes recent state-of-the-art methodologies that introduce biomedical imaging in decision support systems and their applications in clinical practice. This ""Handbook of Research"" provides readers with an overview of the emerging field of image-guided medical and biological decision support, bringing together various research studies and highlighting future trends. It includes: 30 authoritative contributions by over 90 of the world's leading experts on diagnostic imaging and biomedical applications from 9 countries; comprehensive coverage of each specific topic, highlighting recent trends and describing the latest advances in the field; and, more than 1,200 references to existing literature and research on diagnostic imaging and biomedical applications. A compendium of over 200 key terms with detailed definitions, this book is organized by topic and indexed, making it a convenient method of reference for all IT/IS scholars and professionals. It features cross-referencing of key terms, figures, and information pertinent to diagnostic imaging and biomedical applications.

The book represents a comprehensive review and synthesis of the biomedical literature that spans over a half-century on a single protein called glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (or, GAPDH). Due to the protein's involvement in a vast array of cellular activities, GAPDH is of interest to the cell biologist, immunologist, virologist, biochemist etc. The protein has a significant role in fertility, cancer and neurodegeneration, suggesting that this book can be a vital resource for drug development. GAPDH function may provide insight into anesthesia. Furthermore, GAPDH is highly conserved meaning that the protein found in microorganisms, such as pathogens, remained relatively unchanged in evolution. Pathogens use GAPDH as a virulence factor, offering a unique challenge in developing anti-microbial agents that target this protein. To the evolutionary biologist, a book on the multi-functionality of GAPDH provides a focal point for a cogent discussion on the very origin of life.