This is the first book on linear algebra written specifically for social scientists. It deals only with those aspects of the subject applicable in the social sciences and provides a thorough understanding of linear algebra for those who wish to use it as a tool in the design, execution, and interpretation of research. Linear mathematical models play an important role in all of the social sciences. This book provides a step-by-step introduction to those parts of linear algebra which are useful in such model building. It illustrates some of the applications of linear analysis and helps the reader learn how to convert his formulation of a social science problem into algebraic terms.

The author covers matrix algebra, computational methods, linear models involving discrete variables, and clear, complete explanations of necessary mathematical concepts. Prior knowledge of calculus is not required since no use is made of calculus or of complex numbers. A novel feature of the mathematical content of the book is the treatment of models expressed in terms of variables which must be whole numbers (integers).

The book is distinguished by a step-by-step exposition that allows the reader to grasp quickly and fully the principles of linear algebra. All of the examples used to illustrate the text are drawn from the social sciences, enabling the reader to relate the subject to concrete problems in his field. Exercises are included as a necessary part of the text to develop points not covered in the text and to provide practice in the algebraic formulation of applied problems. An appendix gives solutions (or hints) for selected exercises.

"Gordon Mills" is an honorary professor in the department of economics at the University of Sydney. His research interests include transport and retailing, microeconomics, and microeconomic policy especially regulation and privatization. He is the author of many journal articles.

"The Art of Proof" is designed for a one-semester or two-quarter course. A typical student will have studied calculus (perhaps also linear algebra) with reasonable success. With an artful mixture of chatty style and interesting examples, the student's previous intuitive knowledge is placed on solid intellectual ground. The topics covered include: integers, induction, algorithms, real numbers, rational numbers, modular arithmetic, limits, and uncountable sets. Methods, such as axiom, theorem and proof, are taught while discussing the mathematics rather than in abstract isolation. The book ends with short essays on further topics suitable for seminar-style presentation by small teams of students, either in class or in a mathematics club setting. These include: continuity, cryptography, groups, complex numbers, ordinal number, and generating functions.

"The second volume of the authors' 'Computational commutative algebra'...covers on its 586 pages a wealth of interesting material with several unexpected applications. ... an encyclopedia on computational commutative algebra, a source for lectures on the subject as well as an inspiration for seminars. The text is recommended for all those who want to learn and enjoy an algebraic tool that becomes more and more relevant to different fields of applications." --ZENTRALBLATT MATH

The conventional wisdom was that biology influenced mathematics and computer science. But a new approach has taken hold: that of transferring methods and tools from computer science to biology. The reverse trend is evident in Grammars and Automata for String Processing: From Mathematics and Computer Science to Biology and Back. The contributors address the structural (syntactical) view of the domain. Mathematical linguistics and computer science can offer various tools for modeling complex macromolecules and for analyzing and simulating biological issues. This collection is valuable for students and researchers in biology, computer science, and applied mathematics.

Introduced 160 years ago as an attempt to generalize complex numbers to higher dimensions, quaternions are now recognized as one of the most important concepts in modern computer graphics. They offer a powerful way to represent rotations and compared to rotation matrices they use less memory, compose faster, and are naturally suited for efficient interpolation of rotations. Despite this, many practitioners have avoided quaternions because of the mathematics used to understand them, hoping that some day a more intuitive description will be available.
The wait is over. Andrew Hanson's new book is a fresh perspective on quaternions. The first part of the book focuses on visualizing quaternions to provide the intuition necessary to use them, and includes many illustrative examples to motivate why they are important-a beautiful introduction to those wanting to explore quaternions unencumbered by their mathematical aspects. The second part covers the all-important advanced applications, including quaternion curves, surfaces, and volumes. Finally, for those wanting the full story of the mathematics behind quaternions, there is a gentle introduction to their four-dimensional nature and to Clifford Algebras, the all-encompassing framework for vectors and quaternions.
* Richly illustrated introduction for the developer, scientist, engineer, or student in computer graphics, visualization, or entertainment computing.
* Covers both non-mathematical and mathematical approaches to quaternions.
* Companion website with an assortment of quaternion utilities and sample code, data sets for the book's illustrations, and Mathematica notebooks with essential algebraic utilities.

This text introduces readers to the algebraic concepts of group and rings, providing a comprehensive discussion of theory as well as a significant number of applications for each. KEY TOPICS: Number Theory: Induction; Binomial Coefficients; Greatest Common Divisors; The Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic Congruences; Dates and Days. Groups I: Some Set Theory; Permutations; Groups; Subgroups and Lagrange's Theorem; Homomorphisms; Quotient Groups; Group Actions; Counting with Groups. Commutative Rings I: First Properties; Fields; Polynomials; Homomorphisms; Greatest Common Divisors; Unique Factorization; Irreducibility; Quotient Rings and Finite Fields; Officers, Magic, Fertilizer, and Horizons. Linear Algebra: Vector Spaces; Euclidean Constructions; Linear Transformations; Determinants; Codes; Canonical Forms. Fields: Classical Formulas; Insolvability of the General Quintic; Epilog. Groups II: Finite Abelian Groups; The Sylow Theorems; Ornamental Symmetry. Commutative Rings III: Prime Ideals and Maximal Ideals; Unique Factorization; Noetherian Rings; Varieties; Grobner Bases. MARKET: For all readers interested in abstract algebra.

A polynomial identity for an algebra (or a ring) $A$ is a polynomial in noncommutative variables that vanishes under any evaluation in $A$. An algebra satisfying a nontrivial polynomial identity is called a PI algebra, and this is the main object of study in this book, which can be used by graduate students and researchers alike. The book is divided into four parts. Part 1 contains foundational material on representation theory and noncommutative algebra. In addition to setting the stage for the rest of the book, this part can be used for an introductory course in noncommutative algebra. An expert reader may use Part 1 as reference and start with the main topics in the remaining parts. Part 2 discusses the combinatorial aspects of the theory, the growth theorem, and Shirshov's bases. Here methods of representation theory of the symmetric group play a major role. Part 3 contains the main body of structure theorems for PI algebras, theorems of Kaplansky and Posner, the theory of central polynomials, M. Artin's theorem on Azumaya algebras, and the geometric part on the variety of semisimple representations, including the foundations of the theory of Cayley-Hamilton algebras. Part 4 is devoted first to the proof of the theorem of Razmyslov, Kemer, and Braun on the nilpotency of the nil radical for finitely generated PI algebras over Noetherian rings, then to the theory of Kemer and the Specht problem. Finally, the authors discuss PI exponent and codimension growth. This part uses some nontrivial analytic tools coming from probability theory. The appendix presents the counterexamples of Golod and Shafarevich to the Burnside problem.

Volume IV of the series "Mathematics and Physics Applied to Science and Technology," this comprehensive six-book set covers: Linear Differential Equations and Oscillators Non-linear Differential Equations and Dynamical Systems Higher-order Differential Equations and Elasticity Simultaneous Systems of Differential Equations and Multi-dimensional Oscillators Singular Differential Equations and Special Functions Classification and Examples of Differential Equations and their Applications

This accessible book for beginners uses intuitive geometric concepts to create abstract algebraic theory with a special emphasis on geometric characterizations. The book applies known results to describe various geometries and their invariants, and presents problems concerned with linear algebra, such as in real and complex analysis, differential equations, differentiable manifolds, differential geometry, Markov chains and transformation groups. The clear and inductive approach makes this book unique among existing books on linear algebra both in presentation and in content.

This volume presents an exhaustive treatment of computation and algorithms for finite fields. Topics covered include polynomial factorization, finding irreducible and primitive polynomials, distribution of these primitive polynomials and of primitive points on elliptic curves, constructing bases of various types, and new applications of finite fields to other areas of mathematics. For completeness, also included are two special chapters on some recent advances and applications of the theory of congruences (optimal coefficients, congruential pseudo-random number generators, modular arithmetic etc.), and computational number theory (primality testing, factoring integers, computing in algebraic number theory, etc). The problems considered here have many applications in computer science, coding theory, cryptography, number theory and discrete mathematics. The level of discussion presupposes only a knowledge of the basic facts on finite fields, and the book can be recommended as supplementary graduate text. For researchers and students interested in computational and algorithmic problems in finite fields.

Resoundingly popular in its first edition, the second edition of Mechanics of Structures: Variational and Computational Methods promises to be even more so, with broader coverage, expanded discussions, and a streamlined presentation. The authors begin by describing the behavior of deformable solids through the differential equations for the strength of materials and the theory of elasticity. They next introduce variational principles, including mixed or generalized principles, and derive integral forms of the governing equations. Discussions then move to computational methods, including the finite element method, and these are developed to solve the differential and integral equations. New in the second edition: A one-dimensional introduction to the finite element method, complete with illustrations of numerical mesh refinement Expansion of the use of Galerkin's method. Discussion of recent developments in the theory of bending and torsion of thin-walled beams. An appendix summarizing the fundamental equations in differential and variational form Completely new treatment of stability, including detailed examples Discussion of the principal values of geometric properties and stresses Additional exercises As a textbook or as a reference, Mechanics of Structures builds a unified, variational foundation for structure mechanics, which in turn forms the basis for the computational solid mechanics so essential to modern engineering.

Winner of the 2015 Prose Award for Best Mathematics Book! In the fifth of his famous list of 23 problems, Hilbert asked if every topological group which was locally Euclidean was in fact a Lie group. Through the work of Gleason, Montgomery-Zippin, Yamabe, and others, this question was solved affirmatively; more generally, a satisfactory description of the (mesoscopic) structure of locally compact groups was established. Subsequently, this structure theory was used to prove Gromov's theorem on groups of polynomial growth, and more recently in the work of Hrushovski, Breuillard, Green, and the author on the structure of approximate groups. In this graduate text, all of this material is presented in a unified manner, starting with the analytic structural theory of real Lie groups and Lie algebras (emphasising the role of one-parameter groups and the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula), then presenting a proof of the Gleason-Yamabe structure theorem for locally compact groups (emphasising the role of Gleason metrics), from which the solution to Hilbert's fifth problem follows as a corollary. After reviewing some model-theoretic preliminaries (most notably the theory of ultraproducts), the combinatorial applications of the Gleason-Yamabe theorem to approximate groups and groups of polynomial growth are then given. A large number of relevant exercises and other supplementary material are also provided.

Employing a closed set-theoretic foundation for interval computations, Global Optimization Using Interval Analysis simplifies algorithm construction and increases generality of interval arithmetic. This Second Edition contains an up-to-date discussion of interval methods for solving systems of nonlinear equations and global optimization problems. It expands and improves various aspects of its forerunner and features significant new discussions, such as those on the use of consistency methods to enhance algorithm performance. Provided algorithms are guaranteed to find and bound all solutions to these problems despite bounded errors in data, in approximations, and from use of rounded arithmetic.

This comprehensive, encyclopedic text in four parts aims to give the reader - from the graduate student to the researcher/practitioner - a detailed understanding of modern finite semigroup theory, focusing in particular on advanced topics on the cutting edge of research. The q-theory of Finite Semigroups presents important techniques and results, many for the first time in book form, thereby updating and modernizing the semigroup theory literature.

This book provides an exposition of function field arithmetic with emphasis on recent developments concerning Drinfeld modules, the arithmetic of special values of transcendental functions (such as zeta and gamma functions and their interpolations), diophantine approximation and related interesting open problems. While it covers many topics treated in 'Basic Structures of Function Field Arithmetic' by David Goss, it complements that book with the inclusion of recent developments as well as the treatment of new topics such as diophantine approximation, hypergeometric functions, modular forms, transcendence, automata and solitons. There is also new work on multizeta values and logalgebraicity. The author has included numerous worked-out examples. Many open problems, which can serve as good thesis problems, are discussed.

This book originated from a Discussion Group (Teaching Linear Algebra) that was held at the 13th International Conference on Mathematics Education (ICME-13). The aim was to consider and highlight current efforts regarding research and instruction on teaching and learning linear algebra from around the world, and to spark new collaborations. As the outcome of the two-day discussion at ICME-13, this book focuses on the pedagogy of linear algebra with a particular emphasis on tasks that are productive for learning. The main themes addressed include: theoretical perspectives on the teaching and learning of linear algebra; empirical analyses related to learning particular content in linear algebra; the use of technology and dynamic geometry software; and pedagogical discussions of challenging linear algebra tasks. Drawing on the expertise of mathematics education researchers and research mathematicians with experience in teaching linear algebra, this book gathers work from nine countries: Austria, Germany, Israel, Ireland, Mexico, Slovenia, Turkey, the USA and Zimbabwe.

Category theory is a general mathematical theory of structures and of structures of structures. It occupied a central position in contemporary mathematics as well as computer science. This book describes the history of category theory whereby illuminating its symbiotic relationship to algebraic topology, homological algebra, algebraic geometry and mathematical logic and elaboratively develops the connections with the epistemological significance.

Singular Differential Equations and Special Functions is the fifth book within Ordinary Differential Equations with Applications to Trajectories and Vibrations, Six-volume Set. As a set they are the fourth volume in the series Mathematics and Physics Applied to Science and Technology. This fifth book consists of one chapter (chapter 9 of the set). The chapter starts with general classes of differential equations and simultaneous systems for which the properties of the solutions can be established 'a priori', such as existence and unicity of solution, robustness and uniformity with regard to changes in boundary conditions and parameters, and stability and asymptotic behavior. The book proceeds to consider the most important class of linear differential equations with variable coefficients, that can be analytic functions or have regular or irregular singularities. The solution of singular differential equations by means of (i) power series; (ii) parametric integral transforms; and (iii) continued fractions lead to more than 20 special functions; among these is given greater attention to generalized circular, hyperbolic, Airy, Bessel and hypergeometric differential equations, and the special functions that specify their solutions. Includes existence, unicity, robustness, uniformity, and other theorems for non-linear differential equations Discusses properties of dynamical systems derived from the differential equations describing them, using methods such as Liapunov functions Includes linear differential equations with periodic coefficients, including Floquet theory, Hill infinite determinants and multiple parametric resonance Details theory of the generalized Bessel differential equation, and of the generalized, Gaussian, confluent and extended hypergeometric functions and relations with other 20 special functions Examines Linear Differential Equations with analytic coefficients or regular or irregular singularities, and solutions via power series, parametric integral transforms, and continued fractions

Since abstract algebra is so important to the study of advanced mathematics, it is critical that students have a firm grasp of its principles and underlying theories before moving on to further study. To accomplish this, they require a concise, accessible, user-friendly textbook that is both challenging and stimulating. A First Graduate Course in Abstract Algebra is just such a textbook. Divided into two sections, this book covers both the standard topics (groups, modules, rings, and vector spaces) associated with abstract algebra and more advanced topics such as Galois fields, noncommutative rings, group extensions, and Abelian groups. The author includes review material where needed instead of in a single chapter, giving convenient access with minimal page turning. He also provides ample examples, exercises, and problem sets to reinforce the material. This book illustrates the theory of finitely generated modules over principal ideal domains, discusses tensor products, and demonstrates the development of determinants. It also covers Sylow theory and Jordan canonical form. A First Graduate Course in Abstract Algebra is ideal for a two-semester course, providing enough examples, problems, and exercises for a deep understanding. Each of the final three chapters is logically independent and can be covered in any order, perfect for a customized syllabus.

This volume contains the proceedings of the Arizona Winter School 2016, which was held from March 12-16, 2016, at The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ. In the last decade or so, analytic methods have had great success in answering questions in arithmetic geometry and number theory. The School provided a unique opportunity to introduce graduate students to analytic methods in arithmetic geometry. The book contains four articles. Alina C. Cojocaru's article introduces sieving techniques to study the group structure of points of the reduction of an elliptic curve modulo a rational prime via its division fields. Harald A. Helfgott's article provides an introduction to the study of growth in groups of Lie type, with $\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbb{F}_q)$ and some of its subgroups as the key examples. The article by Etienne Fouvry, Emmanuel Kowalski, Philippe Michel, and Will Sawin describes how a systematic use of the deep methods from $\ell$-adic cohomology pioneered by Grothendieck and Deligne and further developed by Katz and Laumon help make progress on various classical questions from analytic number theory. The last article, by Andrew V. Sutherland, introduces Sato-Tate groups and explores their relationship with Galois representations, motivic $L$-functions, and Mumford-Tate groups.

Comprising a selection of expository and research papers, Harmonic Analysis and Integral Geometry grew from presentations offered at the July 1998 Summer University of Safi, Morocco-an annual, advanced research school and congress. This lively and very successful event drew the attendance of many top researchers, who offered both individual lectures and coordinated courses on specific research topics within this fast growing subject. Harmonic Analysis and Integral Geometry presents important recent advances in the fields of Radon transforms, integral geometry, and harmonic analysis on Lie groups and symmetric spaces. Several articles are devoted to the new theory of Radon transforms on trees. With its related presentations addressing recent developments in various aspects of these intriguing areas of study, Harmonic Analysis and Integral Geometry becomes an important addition not only to the Research Notes in Mathematics series, but to the general mathematics literature.

This carefully prepared manuscript presents elimination theory in weighted projective spaces over arbitrary noetherian commutative base rings. Elimination theory is a classical topic in commutative algebra and algebraic geometry, and it has become of renewed importance recently in the context of applied and computational algebra. This monograph provides a valuable complement to sparse elimination theory in that it presents in careful detail the algebraic difficulties from working over general base rings. This is essential for applications in arithmetic geometry and many other places. Necessary tools concerning monoids of weights, generic polynomials and regular sequences are treated independently in the first part of the book. Many supplements added to each chapter provide extra details and insightful examples. Necessary tools concerning monoids of weights, generic polynomials and regular sequences are treated independently in the first part of the book. Many supplements added to each chapter provide extra details and insightful examples.

This book contains several fundamental ideas that are revived time after time in different guises, providing a better understanding of algebraic geometric phenomena. It shows how the field is enriched with loans from analysis and topology and from commutative algebra and homological algebra.

Let G be the group of rational points of a split connected reductive group over a nonarchimedean local field of residue characteristic p.LetI be a pro-p Iwahori subgroup of G and let R be a commutative quasi-Frobenius ring. If H = R[I\G/I] denotes the pro-p Iwahori- Hecke algebra of G over R we clarify the relation between the category of H-modules and the category of G-equivariant coefficient systems on the semisimple Bruhat-Tits building of G.IfR is a field of characteristic zero this yields alternative proofs of the exactness of the Schneider-Stuhler resolution and of the Zelevinski conjecture for smooth G-representations generated by their I-invariants. In general, it gives a description of the derived category of H-modules in terms of smooth G-representations and yields a functor to generalized (?, ?)-modules extending the constructions of Colmez, Schneider and Vigneras.

Glider Representations offer several applications across different fields within Mathematics, thereby motivating the introduction of this new glider theory and opening numerous doors for future research, particularly with respect to more complex filtration chains. Features * Introduces new concepts in the Theory of Rings and Modules * Suitable for researchers and graduate students working in this area, and as supplementary reading for courses in Group Theory, Ring Theory, Lie Algebras and Sheaf Theory * The first book to explicitly outline this new approach to gliders and fragments and associated concepts