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Books > Science & Mathematics > Biology, life sciences > Zoology & animal sciences > General
This book is the most thorough exploration to date of the many ways
in which a wild creature has been absorbed, reimagined and
represented across the ages in all of the major art forms. The
authors consider not only how the identity of sharks in the natural
environment became incorporated into a cultural environment but
also how sharks came to be considered the most feared creatures in
the open oceans as a consequence of this incorporation. Yet sharks
are especially important in helping to maintain a balance that is
essential to the health of the oceans. The book begins with a
treatment of the three sharks at the top of global shark-attack
files from scientific, economic and environmental perspectives.
Subsequent chapters engage with cultural representations of sharks
in poetry, drama, art, novels, screenplay adaptations and films.
Through an exploration of the ways in which sharks have been
represented in human culture through the centuries, this book
alerts the global community to the importance of sharks as a common
cultural heritage. It aims to change perceptions of sharks so that
they can become more revered than feared. The authors of this book
argue that an increased understanding of sharks should lead to the
development of better strategies for shark and human interactions.
This book will be of great interest to researchers and students of
the Environmental Humanities, Cultural History and the Arts. It is
also excellent supplementary reading for courses in Zoology and
Marine Science.
This unique compilation of chapters reviews a broad range of topics
at the cutting edge of hearing research. The authors include many
of the top auditory scientists in the world as well as some of the
brightest rising stars. Although the book obviously focuses on the
exciting, revolutionary work being done with mice, the authors have
made a strong effort to provide general background information and
present the insights gained from the study of mice in the greater
context of auditory research. Each section includes specific
procedures, potential problems and their solutions, and tricks of
the trade gleaned from the authors. The book contains numerous
figures and tables, more than 2,000 references, and much data not
previously published. Handbook of Mouse Auditory Research: From
Behavior to Molecular Biology provides state-of-the-art research
with a clear look at what the future holds.
Structure and Function of Domestic Animals provides a solid
introduction to the functional anatomy of domestic animals. The
author covers general principles, phenomena, and mechanisms and
then supports this information by providing concrete examples,
giving you a working understanding of the biology of animals. Line
drawings, tables, and text boxes provide supplemental information.
The author examines the functions of animals from the basic to the
complex. The pragmatic application of these principles allows for
the raising and caring for animals with the appropriate regard for
their welfare. He covers morphology, myology, electrophysiology,
endocrinology, comparative anatomy, metabolism, cell growth and
development, and reproductive mechanisms. The mechanism and
phenomena described in this book will introduce you to the
flexibility or plasticity of normal animal function. The author's
pedagogical writing style clearly delineates normal function and
abnormal function. Structure and Function of Domestic Animals
explores many of the seemingly endless examples of the ways in
which animals apply the fundamental principles of chemistry and
physics to preserve their integrity. It gives you an insightful
overview to a very broad subject.
This collection of conference papers presents information on the
molecular genetics, biomineralization, growth and ecology of extant
brachiopod stocks (extrapolated back to the Cambrian), and the
shell microstructure, taphonomy, paleogeography, evolution, and
taxonomy of fossil brachiopods.
In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in grain-based
fuel ethanol production in North America and around the world.
Whether such production will result in a net energy gain or whether
this is sustainable in the long term is under debate, but
undoubtedly millions of tons of non-fermented residues are now
produced annually for global trade in the form of distillers dried
grains with solubles (DDGS). Consequently, in a short period of
time a tremendous amount of research has been conducted to
determine the suitability of ethanol coproducts for various end
uses. Distillers Grains: Production, Properties and Utilization is
the first book of its kind to provide in-depth, and up-to-date
coverage of Historical and current status of the fuel ethanol
industry in the U.S. Processing methods, scientific principles, and
innovations for making fuel ethanol using grains as feedstock
Physical and chemical properties of DDGS, assay methodologies for
compositional analyses, and mycotoxin occurrence in DDGS Changes
during processing (from grains to DDGS) and analysis of factors
causing variations in compositional, nutritional, and physical
values Various traditional, new, and emerging uses for DDGS
(including feed for cattle, swine, poultry, fish, and other
animals, feedstocks for cellulosic ethanol, biodiesel, and other
bioenergy production, and substrates for food and industrial uses)
Appealing to all who have an interest in fuel ethanol production,
distillers grains, and their uses, this comprehensive reference
sharpens the readers' understanding of distillers grains and will
promote better utilization of ethanol coproducts. Animal and food
scientists, feed and food technologists, ethanol plant managers and
technicians, nutritionists, academic and governmental
professionals, and college students will find the book most useful.
Humans, being visually oriented, are well versed in camouflage and
how animals hide from predators that use vision to locate prey.
However, many predators do not hunt by sight; they hunt by scent.
This raises the question: do survival mechanisms and behaviors
exist which allow animals to hide from these olfactory predators?
If so, what are they, and how do they work? Predator-Prey Dynamics:
The Role of Olfaction examines environmental as well as biological
and behavioral elements of both predators and prey to answer gaps
in our current knowledge of the survival dynamics of species.
Beginning with a thorough look at the mechanics of olfaction, the
author explains how predators detect, locate, and track their prey
using odor trails on the ground or odor plumes in the air.
Understanding the physics of airflow is the next step to
understanding the potential for manipulating and masking scent.
While a bush may conceal an animal visually from a predator, it
will not protect an animal from a predator using olfaction. To hide
from the latter, an animal needs to hide in locations where
turbulence and updrafts will disperse its scent. The book addresses
tradeoffs that animals must make given their dual needs to hide
from predators and to procure food and water. Studies of mammalian
and avian behavior provide examples on the actual use and efficacy
of olfactory camouflage tactics. The book concludes with a
redefinition of ecological terms based on the physics of airflow
and a summary of the theory and implications of olfactory
predator--prey dynamics. Introducing the mechanics of olfaction and
its influence on the behavior of both predators and prey,
Predator-Prey Dynamics: The Role of Olfaction presents a new
perception of the world and enables us to understand and more
effectively manage the delicate survival dynamics of animals in the
wild.
This book critically investigates the pervasiveness of
anthropomorphised animals in popular culture. Anthropomorphism in
popular visual media has long been denounced for being
unsophisticated or emotionally manipulative. It is often criticised
for over-expressing similarities between humans and other animals.
This book focuses on everyday encounters with visual
representations of anthropomorphised animals and considers how
attributing other animals with humanlike qualities speaks to a
complex set of power relations. Through a series of case studies,
it explores how anthropomorphism is produced and circulated and
proposes that it can serve to create both misunderstandings and
empathetic connections between humans and other animals. This book
will appeal to academics and students interested in visual media,
animal studies, sociology and cultural studies.
It is thirty years since the technique of high-yield preparation of
isolated hepatocytes, by collagenase perfusion of the liver, was
published. The original method described by Berry and Friend has
undergone many minor modifications by other workers, and the
two-step procedure introduced by Seglen in 1976 has become the most
frequent way to prepare hepatocyte suspensions. An important
development introduced by Bissell in 1973 was the use of the cells
as the first step in monolayer culture. The availability of the
isolated hepatocyte preparation as cells in suspension or culture
has undoubtedly facilitated research on the liver. This was
emphasised in our book, published (with Dr. Greg Barritt) in 1990,
which described in detail methods of preparation and the properties
of the isolated hepatocytes. It also discussed the usefulness of
the preparation for the study of intermediary and xenobiotic
metabolism, calcium ion transport, and the growth and
differentiation of hepatocytes in culture. The book also touched
briefly on a range of specialised techniques, including peri
fusion, subcellular fractionation, transplantation,
cryopreservation and measurement of intracellular pH. Although
standard procedures for the manipulation of hepatocytes have not
changed a great deal in ten years, they have undoubtedly been
refined. This applies particularly to hepatocyte culture
techniques, cryopreservation, and even to preparation of hepatocyte
suspensions, where it is now feasible to use purified enzymes.
There is also much more emphasis on the use and study of human
hepatocytes, particularly in the field of pharmacology and
therapeutics.
The 40 or so species of beach-loving plovers (genus Charadrius)
comprise a diverse group of shorebirds found around the world. Most
of these species are challenged by changing climates and other
human-related development activities, yet they provide key insights
into basic ecological and evolutionary processes. The expert
international contributors take a comparative approach, presenting
examples from many worldwide plover studies and synthesizing the
group's most pressing and important topics. The book further
presents an emphasis on full life-cycle biology, including the
importance of examining migratory connectivity issues, even for
non-migratory plovers. Color pages were planned and approved for
some pages in this volume, but due to a printing error some copies
have incorrectly been released with these pages printed in black
and white. Replacement copies with the correct color in place can
be obtained upon request by contacting [email protected]. CRC
Press extends apologies to any customers affected by this error and
for the inconvenience caused. Key Features Serves as a fundamental
resource for conservation practitioners Detailed overview of a
widely distributed group of shorebirds Authored by renowned
specialists who present theoretical and applied perspectives
Emphasis on comparative and synthetic approach in all chapters
Related Titles McComb, B. et al. Monitoring Animal Populations and
Their Habitats: A Practitioner's Guide (ISBN 978-0-4291-3827-0).
Garvey, J. E. & M. R. Whiles. Trophic Ecology (ISBN
978-1-4987-5846-8). Dewdney, A. K. Stochastic Communities: A
Mathematical Theory of Biodiversity (ISBN 978-1-1381-9702-2).
Advanced biomedical techniques such as genetic engineering are now
used extensively in animal related research and development. As the
pace of development has quickened, there has been growing public
anxiety about the ethical issues involved. Animal Biotechnology and
Ethics draws together in one book some of the leading themes and
issues which have emerged in the recent debates surrounding
biotechnology as applied to animals. With contributions from
authors of many different viewpoints, the subject is given a
thorough and balanced treatment. Among those to whom the book will
be of particular interest are practitioners of animal
biotechnology, and those whose interest lies in assessing its
credentials, such as philosophers and social or political
scientists. It also has a great deal to interest policy-makers and
pressure groups, as well as more general readers. The strong
chapters on the legal and regulatory framework will make it useful
to those involved in advising on company policy, patenting or
litigation.
This volume contains papers that were presented and discussed at
The 1996 Interna tional Symposium on Programmed Cell Death, which
was held in the Shanghai Science Center of the Chinese Academy of
Sciences on September 8-12, 1996. Apoptosis has attracted great
attention in the past several years. This is reflected in part by
the exponential increase in the number of papers published on the
subject. While several major scientific conferences have been held
in recent years, this meeting repre sents the first major
international scientific meeting on programmed cell death held in
Asia, where fast economic growth promises a bright future for both
basic and applied re search in biomedical sciences. We organized
the meeting with the belief that such a gath ering would foster a
closer interaction between scientists from the West and those in
Asia. Research on programmed cell death has expanded so extensively
that no one meet ing can cover all the important subjects related
to apoptosis. The Shanghai meeting fo cused on several key areas
ranging from well-established ones, such as cell death in the
immune system, to emerging ones, such as the role ofECM in
regUlating cell fate. Specifi cally, the subjects presented and
discussed included programmed cell death during devel opment, the
regulation and biochemical mechanisms of lymphocyte apoptosis, the
involvement of extracellular matrix and its remodeling in
programmed cell death, genes that cause or prevent cell death, and
the application of apoptosis toward cancer therapy."
The purpose of this book is to provide information which supports
the fact that rat hybridomas are no more difficult to develop than
mouse hybridomas. This is the first book devoted to the development
of rat hybridomas. It includes theories, step-by-step techniques,
ingredients and apparatus. The focus of this work is on the
antibody repertoire, the unique biological properties of rat
immunoglobulins, the one-step purification procedure by
immunoaffinity chromatography, the absence of C-type particles, and
the easy production of large amounts of ascitic fluid containing
rat MAb. This rare publication is an absolute must for all
scientists using MAbs and those interested in the fields of
immunology, biotechnology, and biochemistry.
Principles of Animal Extrapolation addresses the conceptual basis
for animal extrapolation and provides an abundance of documentation
that illustrates how these principles may be applied in the
selection of the more appropriate models and in the interpretation
of toxicological studies. The book analyzes and documents each
specific biological cause of interspecies differences in
susceptibility to toxic agents, including differences in
absorption, gut flora, tissue distribution, metabolism, mechanisms
and efficiencies of repair, and excretion. The problem of the
heterogenicity of the human population is addressed through several
chapters that assess the availability and prospects of developing
predictive animal models for normal humans, as well as selected
potential high-risk groups. Other topics presented in this book
include the biological basis of regulatory actions involving
attempts to extrapolate from exceptionally high exposure levels to
realistic values, especially carcinogens; an assessment of
genotoxicity tests, their ability to predict carcinogenicity in
whole animals, and the manner in which they should be used by
regulatory agencies; birth defects; and predicting the risk of
human teratogenesis. Principle of Animal Extrapolation is essential
for environmental toxicologists. It also provides valuable
information to biomedical scientists (especially those involved in
drug development and testing) and regulatory personnel in agencies
such as the EPA, the OSHA, the NIOSH, and the FDA.
These volumes present the main classes of useful laboratory model
systems used to study microbial ecosystems, with emphasis on the
practical details for the use of each model. The most commonly used
model, the homogeneous fermenter, is featured along with linked
homogeneous culture systems, film fermenters, and percolating
columns. Additionally, gel-stabilized culture systems which
incorporate molecular diffusion as their main solute transfer
mechanism and the microbial colony are explained. Chapters
comparing model systems with "microcosms" are included, along with
discussions of the value of computer models in microbial ecosystem
research. Highlighted is a global discussion of the value of
laboratory models in microbial ecology.
This authored book is primarily for the readers who are in search
of how to use basic concepts of statistics in the field of fishery
science. It has been written for the new comers coming in the
fishery sector including university students, teachers and research
scholars. It enriches the reader's knowledge of data analysis step
by step starting from data collection to its analysis and
interpretation along with practical application with real example.
It supports readers for enhancing theoretical and practical concept
of application of fundamental statistics in fishery domain. Reader
may also learn how to analyses data using different statistical
software. Each chapter starts with an introduction of the topic
followed by statistical concept with example and ends with chapter
based question for comprehension purpose. This book is of interest
to teachers, researchers, scientists, capacity builders in fishery
sciences. Also the book serves as additional reading material for
undergraduate and graduate students of fisheries and aquatic
sciences.
The visual world of animals is highly diverse and often very
different from the world that we humans take for granted. This book
provides an extensive review of the latest behavioral and
neurobiological research on animal vision, highlighting fascinating
species similarities and differences in visual processing. It
contains 26 chapters written by world-leading experts about a
variety of species including: honeybees, spiders, fish, birds, and
primates. The chapters are divided into six sections: Perceptual
grouping and segmentation, Object perception and object
recognition, Motion perception, Visual attention, Different
dimensions of visual perception, and Evolution of the visual
system. An exhaustive work in range and depth, How Animals See the
World will be a valuable resource for advanced students and
researchers in areas of cognitive psychology, perception and
cognitive neuroscience, as well as researchers in the visual
sciences.
Formerly titled "Pathology of the Fischer Rat, " "Boorman s
Pathology of the Rat" continues to be the most comprehensive
pathology reference and standard on rat strains. A vital resource
for researchers across science and medicine using rat models in the
laboratory, "Boorman s Pathology of the Rat" offers an added
emphasis on the Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rat strains, in line with
current research across academia, government, and industry. In
addition, the book provides standard diagnostic criteria, basic
content on histology, histological changes that result from drug
toxicity and neoplasm, pathology terminology, and four-color
photographs from the NTP archive and database.
With updated references and photographs, as well as coverage of
all rat strains, "Boorman s Pathology of the Rat" is the standard
in the field, invaluable to toxicologists, biologists, and other
scientists engaged in regulatory toxicology who must make the
transition from pathology results to promulgation of meaningful
regulations.
Full-color photographs Coverage of all strains of rats
Organ-by-organ and system-by-system approach Background incidence
data Detailed descriptive content regarding changes in rat model
during research"
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