By 2007, electricity demand in Namibia, Southern Africa, outstripped the supply capacity in the region. Namibia relies on other sources to provide 53 percent of its local electricity needs. This disparity necessitated either the introduction of new generation capacity or load management to supply the shortfall in electricity demand, with a subsequent rise in electricity costs.

In Electricity Use in Namibia, author Dr. Godwin Norense Osarumwense Asemota explores load management methodologies vital to the effective, efficient, and successful operation of any power utility-in order to reduce electricity demand peaks, lower utility production cost, reduce consumer cost, match consumer loads with supply constraints, and improve availability.

Asemota provides the background of the study, discusses the historical perspective of Namibian Utility, presents a literature review, details the research methodology, shares the results of the questionnaire through figures and tables, provides thorough analyses, and offers a conclusion and recommendations. Electricity Use in Namibia communicates the steps necessary to strengthen Namibia's electricity backbone in order to facilitate a stable future for the country.

"Advances in Imaging & Electron Physics" merges two long-running serials-"Advances in Electronics & Electron Physics" and "Advances in Optical & Electron Microscopy." The series features extended articles on the physics of electron devices (especially semiconductor devices), particle optics at high and low energies, microlithography, image science and digital image processing, electromagnetic wave propagation, electron microscopy, and the computing methods used in all these domains.
Contributions from leading authorities Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field

Biomolecular Electronics the electrical control of biological phenomena is a scientific challenge that, once fully realized, will find a wide range of applications from electronics and computing to medicine and therapeutic techniques. This new arena of biomolecular electronics is approached using familiar concepts from many areas such as electrochemistry, device electronics andsome mechanisms of gene expression level control. Practical techniques are explored by which electrical and electronic means can be used to control biological reactions and processes. Also, the current and future applications for this new and expanding field are discussed. This book is aimed at scientists and engineers involved in both research and commercial applications across fields including bioelectronics, bionanotechnology, electrochemistry and nanomedicine providing a state-of-the-art survey of what's going on at the boundary between biology and electronic technology at the micro- and nano- scales, along with a suggestive insight into future possible developments.
Demystifies the science and applications of electrically-driven biological reactions.Explains how the techniques of bioelectronics and electrochemistry can be deployed as biological control technologies.Provides applications information for diverse areas frombio-electrochemistry to electrical control of gene expression levels."

"Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics" merges two long-running serials--A"dvances in Electronics and Electron Physics" and "Advances in Optical and Electron Microscopy." This series features extended articles on the physics of electron devices (especially semiconductor devices), particle optics at high and low energies, microlithography, image science and digital image processing, electromagnetic wave propagation, electron microscopy, and the computing methods used in all these domains.
Contributions from leading authorities Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field

Swarm Intelligence and bio-inspired computation have become increasing popular in the last two decades. Bio-inspired algorithms such as ant colony algorithms, bat algorithms, bee algorithms, firefly algorithms, cuckoo search and particle swarm optimization have been applied in almost every area of science and engineering with a dramatic increase of number of relevant publications. This book reviews the latest developments in swarm intelligence and bio-inspired computation from both the theory and application side, providing a complete resource that analyzes and discusses the latest and future trends in research directions. It can help new researchers to carry out timely research and inspire readers to develop new algorithms. With its impressive breadth and depth, this book will be useful for advanced undergraduate students, PhD students and lecturers in computer science, engineering and science as well as researchers and engineers.
Focuses on the introduction and analysis of key algorithms Includes case studies for real-world applicationsContains a balance of theory and applications, so readers who are interested in either algorithm or applications will all benefit from this timely book.

This Expert Guide gives you the techniques and technologies in embedded multicore to optimally design and implement your embedded system. Written by experts with a solutions focus, this encyclopedic reference gives you an indispensable aid to tackling the day-to-day problems when building and managing multicore embedded systems.

Following an embedded system design path from start to finish, our team of experts takes you from architecture, through hardware implementation to software programming and debug.

With this book you will learn:

What motivates multicore

The architectural options and tradeoffs; when to use what

How to deal with the unique hardware challenges that multicore presents

How to manage the software infrastructure in a multicore environment

How to write effective multicore programs

How to port legacy code into a multicore system and partition legacy software

How to optimize both the system and software

The particular challenges of debugging multicore hardware and software

Examples demonstrating timeless implementation details
Proven and practical techniques reflecting the authors expertise built from years of experience and key advice on tackling critical issues"

"Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics "merges two long-running serials--"Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics" and "Advances in Optical and Electron Microscopy."
This series features extended articles on the physics of electron devices (especially semiconductor devices), particle optics at high and low energies, microlithography, image science and digital image processing, electromagnetic wave propagation, electron microscopy, and the computing methods used in all these domains.
Key features:

* Contributions from leading authorities * Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field

Any device or system with imaging functionality requires a digital video processing solution as part of its embedded system design. Engineers need a practical guide to technology basics and design fundamentals that enables them to deliver the video component of complex projects.

This book introduces core video processing concepts and standards, and delivers practical how-to guidance for engineers embarking on digital video processing designs using FPGAs. It covers the basic topics of video processing in a pictorial, intuitive manner with minimal use of mathematics. Key outcomes and benefits of this book for users include: understanding the concepts and challenges of modern video systems; architect video systems at a system level; reference design examples to implement your own high definition video processing chain; understand implementation trade-offs in video system designs.

Video processing is a must-have skill for engineers working on products and solutions for rapidly growing markets such as video surveillance, video conferencing, medical imaging, military imaging, digital broadcast equipment, displays and countless consumer electronics applications.

This book is for engineers who need to develop video systems in their designs but who do not have video processing experience. It introduces the fundamental video processing concepts and skills in enough detail to get the job done, supported by reference designs, step-by-step FPGA- examples, core standards and systems architecture maps.

Written by lead engineers at Altera Corp, a top-three global developer of digital video chip (FPGA) technology. "

RF and Microwave Module Level Design and Integration presents a thorough introduction to the basic elements of radio frequency (RF) and microwave modules, followed by a discussion of system-level concepts and measures that can be applied to real-world designs. With a strong emphasis on design and integration, the book offers practical solutions to today's commonly encountered challenges in RF and microwave modules, including system integration, network loss reduction techniques, electromagnetic compatibility, crosstalk reduction techniques, computer-aided design tools, system-level modeling methodologies, and system-level performance evaluation via common RF measurements. Several design examples are presented across the book chapters. This book describes techniques for the design and development of today's complex (multi-chip) radio frequency and microwave modules for an audience of engineers in academia and industry, and advanced students focusing on RF and microwave module design and integration.

An authoritative work on Synthetic Aperture Radar system engineering, with key focus on high resolution imaging, moving target indication, and system engineering technology Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is a powerful microwave remote sensing technique that is used to create high resolution two or three-dimensional representations of objects, such as landscapes, independent of weather conditions and sunlight illumination. SAR technology is a multidisciplinary field that involves microwave technology, antenna technology, signal processing, and image information processing. The use of SAR technology continues grow at a rapid pace in a variety of applications such as high-resolution wide-swath observation, multi-azimuth information acquisition, high-temporal information acquisition, 3-D terrain mapping, and image quality improvement. Design Technology of Synthetic Aperture Radar provides detailed coverage of the fundamental concepts, theories, technology, and design of SAR systems and sub-systems. Supported by the author's over two decades of research and practice experience in the field, this in-depth volume systematically describes SAR design and presents the latest research developments. Providing examination of all topics relevant to SAR--from radar and antenna system design to receiver technology and signal and image information processing--this comprehensive resource: Provides wide-ranging, up-to-date examination of all major topics related to SAR science, systems, and software Includes guidelines to conduct grounding system designs and analysis Offers coverage of all SAR algorithm classes and detailed SAR algorithms suitable for enabling software implementations Surveys SAR and computed imaging literature of the last sixty years Emphasizes high resolution imaging, moving target indication, and system engineering Design Technology of Synthetic Aperture Radar is indispensable for graduate students majoring in SAR system design, microwave antenna, signal and information processing as well as engineers and technicians involved in SAR system techniques.

CMP and polishing are the most precise processes used to finish the surfaces of mechanical and electronic or semiconductor components. Advances in CMP/Polishing Technologies for Manufacture of Electronic Devices presents the latest developments and technological innovations in the field making cutting-edge R&D accessible to the wider engineering community.

Most of the applications of these processes are kept as confidential as possible (proprietary information), and specific details are not seen in professional or technical journals and magazines. This book makes these processes and applications accessible to a wider industrial and academic audience.

Building on the fundamentals of tribology the science of friction, wear and lubrication the authors explore the practical applications of CMP and polishing across various market sectors. Due to the high pace of development of the electronics and semiconductors industry, many of the presented processes and applications come from these industries.

Demystifies scientific developments and technological innovations, opening them up for new applications and process improvements in the semiconductor industry and other areas of precision engineering

Explores stock removal mechanisms in CMP and polishing, and the challenges involved in predicting the outcomes of abrasive processes in high-precision environments

The authors bring together the latest innovations and research from the USA and Japan"

This thoroughly updated third edition of this popular book covers all types of printed microstrip antenna design, from rectangular to circular, broadband and dual band, and millimeter wave microstrip antenna to microstrip arrays. The book features new analysis of rectangular and circular microstrip antenna efficiency, and surface wave phenomena. Rectangular microstrip antenna cross polarization analysis and mitigation is expanded upon. Microstrip antenna array geometry options have been added to the text. The design of Vivaldi antennas has been revised and updated based on recent analysis. A chapter has been added which addresses design considerations for millimeter wave microstrip antennas and arrays. Sections addressing the design of shorted annular, patch-ring, corporate fed OMA, stripline series slot, inverted F, RFID Loop Coupler, CPW monopole, and characteristic mode antennas have been added. The appendices have been enlarged, and address PIM, efficiency computation, twin strip and parallel plate transmission line, the history of the decibel, return loss and reflection loss, new impedance matching methods, as well as a new appendix on baluns for printed antennas. Written with commercial applications in mind and aimed at practicing engineers, this book covers printed antennas and their design from the perspective of a seasoned consulting engineer who has worked many years in the field and has implemented all design concepts and technologies featured in the book and is essential reading for antenna designers and engineers.

When asked, "What is the biggest factor influencing processor choice for new projects?" engineers overwhelmingly agree that the robustness of the processors' attendant software is the key linchpin of the decision. Not speed, not price, but available software. Because software has become the driving factor in the development of embedded systems, middleware, the "glue" allowing hardware and software to work together effectively, has taken on a role of pivotal importance. However, middleware is perhaps the most mysterious of all the aspects of an embedded system, even to expert designers! Available information is scattered and mostly proprietary, not to mention largely outdated, and obfuscated by a sea of acronyms. This practical technical guide to embedded middleware implementation offers a coherent framework that guides readers through all the key concepts necessary to gain a clear understanding of this broad and diverse topic. Big picture theoretical discussion is integrated with down-to-earth advice on successful real-world use via step-by-step examples of each type of middleware implementation. Hundreds of diagrams help the reader to visualize the complexities of the wide variety of embedded middleware that exists in the industry today. Technically detailed case studies help to bring it all together, providing valuable insight into the typical engineering situations readers are likely to encounter. Expert author Tammy Noergaard keeps explanations as simple and readable as possible, eschewing jargon and carefully defining acronyms. The start of each chapter includes a 'setting the stage' section, so readers can take a step back and understand the context and applications of theinformation being provided. Core middleware, such as networking protocols, file systems, virtual machines, and databases; more complex middleware that builds upon generic pieces, such as MOM, ORB, and RPC; and integrated middleware software packages, such as embedded JVMs, .NET, and CORBA packages are all demystified. A free companion CD-ROM includes all the open-source code utilized by the author in examples, so that readers can obtain hands-on programming experience without making any further purchase.
* The only complete guide to middleware, one of the most important AND most widely misunderstood aspects of embedded systems - hundreds of devices, from digital TVs to smart phones, can't function without it!
* Offers thorough middleware coverage, including basic theory and core middleware, as well as complex implementations and integrated packages
* Detailed case studies, real-world examples, hundreds of diagrams, and a free CD-ROM provide context and aid understanding of embedded middleware