MVC and CRUD make software easier to write, but harder to change. Microservice-based architectures can help even the smallest of projects remain agile in the long term, but most tutorials meander in theory or completely miss the point of what it means to be microservice-based. Roll up your sleeves with real projects and learn the most important concepts of evented architectures. You'll have your own deployable, testable project and a direction for where to go next. Much ink has been spilled on the topic of microservices, but all of this writing fails to accurately identity what makes a system a monolith, define what microservices are, or give complete, practical examples, so you're probably left thinking they have nothing to offer you. You don't have to be at Google or Facebook scale to benefit from a microservice-based architecture. Microservices will keep even small and medium teams productive by keeping the pieces of your system focused and decoupled. Discover the basics of message-based architectures, render the same state in different shapes to fit the task at hand, and learn what it is that makes something a monolith (it has nothing to do with how many machines you deploy to). Conserve resources by performing background jobs with microservices. Deploy specialized microservices for registration, authentication, payment processing, e-mail, and more. Tune your services by defining appropriate service boundaries. Deploy your services effectively for continuous integration. Master debugging techniques that work across different services. You'll finish with a deployable system and skills you can apply to your current project. Add the responsiveness and flexibility of microservices to your project, no matter what the size or complexity. What You Need: While the principles of this book transcend programming language, the code examples are in Node.js because JavaScript, for better or worse, is widely read. You'll use PostgreSQL for data storage, so familiarity with it is a plus. The books does provide Docker images to make working with PostgreSQL a bit easier, but extensive Docker knowledge is not required.

The complete off-the-shelf resource for delivering the compulsory core units of the new BTEC Nationals.Used alongside the students' text, 'BTEC Nationals - IT Practitioners', this pack offers a complete suite of lecturer support material and photocopiable handouts for the compulsory core units of the new BTEC National specifications, for National Awards, Certificates and Diplomas. The authors provide all the resources needed by a busy lecturer, as well as a bank of student-centred practical work and revision material, which will enable students to gain the skills, knowledge and understanding they require. Officially endorsed by Edexcel, the pack is freely photocopiable within the purchasing institution, as well as supplied in its entirety on CD Rom, and will include: * Worksheets to support and develop work in the students' book * Planned projects which will enable students to display a wide range of skills and use their own initiative * Assessment materials * Reference material for use as hand-outs * Background on running the new HNC/HND courses * Tutor's notes supporting activities in the students' book and resource pack

Today's enterprise cannot effectively function without a network, and today's enterprise network is almost always based on LAN technology. In a few short years, LANs have become an essential element of today's business environment. This time in the spotlight, while well deserved, has not come without a price. Businesses now insist that LANs deliver vast and ever-increasing quantities of business-critical information and that they do it efficiently, flawlessly, without fail, and most of all, securely. Today's network managers must consistently deliver this level of performance, and must do so while keeping up with ever changing, ever increasing demands without missing a beat. At the same time, today's IT managers must deliver business-critical information systems in an environment that has undergone radical paradigm shifts in such widely varied fields as computer architecture, operating systems, application development, and security.

The Local Area Networks Handbook focuses on this collective environment, in which networking and information technology work together to create LAN-based enterprise networks. Topics have been selected and organized with this in mind, providing both depth and breadth of coverage. The handbook will provide you not only an understanding of how LANs work and how to go about selecting and implementing LAN products, but also of how to leverage LAN capabilities for the benefit of your enterprise.

This book illustrates the program of Logical-Informational Dynamics. Rational agents exploit the information available in the world in delicate ways, adopt a wide range of epistemic attitudes, and in that process, constantly change the world itself. Logical-Informational Dynamics is about logical systems putting such activities at center stage, focusing on the events by which we acquire information and change attitudes. Its contributions show many current logics of information and change at work, often in multi-agent settings where social behavior is essential, and often stressing Johan van Benthem's pioneering work in establishing this program. However, this is not a Festschrift, but a rich tapestry for a field with a wealth of strands of its own. The reader will see the state of the art in such topics as information update, belief change, preference, learning over time, and strategic interaction in games. Moreover, no tight boundary has been enforced, and some chapters add more general mathematical or philosophical foundations or links to current trends in computer science.

The theme of this book lies at the interface of many disciplines. Logic is the main methodology, but the various chapters cross easily between mathematics, computer science, philosophy, linguistics, cognitive and social sciences, while also ranging from pure theory to empirical work. Accordingly, the authors of this book represent a wide variety of original thinkers from different research communities. And their
interconnected themes challenge at the same time how we think of logic, philosophy and computation.

Thus, very much in line with van Benthem's work over many decades, the volume shows how all these disciplines form a natural unity in the perspective of dynamic logicians (broadly conceived) exploring their new themes today. And at the same time, in doing so, it offers a broader conception of logic with a certain grandeur, moving its horizons beyond the traditional study of consequence relations.

Until now, there has been a lack of a complete knowledge base to fully comprehend Low power (LP) design and power aware (PA) verification techniques and methodologies and deploy them all together in a real design verification and implementation project. This book is a first approach to establishing a comprehensive PA knowledge base. LP design, PA verification, and Unified Power Format (UPF) or IEEE-1801 power format standards are no longer special features. These technologies and methodologies are now part of industry-standard design, verification, and implementation flows (DVIF). Almost every chip design today incorporates some kind of low power technique either through power management on chip, by dividing the design into different voltage areas and controlling the voltages, through PA dynamic and PA static verification, or their combination. The entire LP design and PA verification process involves thousands of techniques, tools, and methodologies, employed from the r egister transfer level (RTL) of design abstraction down to the synthesis or place-and-route levels of physical design. These techniques, tools, and methodologies are evolving everyday through the progression of design-verification complexity and more intelligent ways of handling that complexity by engineers, researchers, and corporate engineering policy makers.

The Architectural Imagination at the Digital Turn asks what it means to speak of a "digital turn" in architecture. It examines how architects at the time engaged with the digital and imagined future modes of practice, and looks at the technological, conceptual and economic phenomena behind this engagement. It argues that the adoption of digital technology in architecture was far from linear but depended on complex factors, from the operative logic of the technology itself to the context in which it was used and the people who interacted with it. Creating a mosaic-like account, the book presents debates, projects and publications that changed how architecture was visualized, fabricated and experienced using digital technology. Spanning the university, new media art institutes, ecologies, architectural bodies, fabrication and the city, it re-evaluates familiar narratives that emphasized formal explorations; instead, the book aims to complicate the "myth" of the digital by presenting a nuanced analysis of the material and social context behind each case study. During the 1990s, architects repurposed software and technological concepts from other disciplines and tested them in a design environment. Some architects were fascinated by its effects, others were more critical. Through its discussion on case studies, places and themes that fundamentally influenced discourse formation in the era, this book offers scholars, researchers and students fresh insights into how architecture can engage with the digital realm today.

Contemporary High Performance Computing: From Petascale toward Exascale focuses on the ecosystems surrounding the world's leading centers for high performance computing (HPC). It covers many of the important factors involved in each ecosystem: computer architectures, software, applications, facilities, and sponsors. The first part of the book examines significant trends in HPC systems, including computer architectures, applications, performance, and software. It discusses the growth from terascale to petascale computing and the influence of the TOP500 and Green500 lists. The second part of the book provides a comprehensive overview of 18 HPC ecosystems from around the world. Each chapter in this section describes programmatic motivation for HPC and their important applications; a flagship HPC system overview covering computer architecture, system software, programming systems, storage, visualization, and analytics support; and an overview of their data center/facility. The last part of the book addresses the role of clouds and grids in HPC, including chapters on the Magellan, FutureGrid, and LLGrid projects. With contributions from top researchers directly involved in designing, deploying, and using these supercomputing systems, this book captures a global picture of the state of the art in HPC.

Although several books and academic courses discuss data management and networking, few of them focus on the convergence of networking and software technologies for identifying, addressing, and managing distributed data. Focusing on this convergence, Identification and Management of Distributed Data: NGN, Content-Centric Networks and the Web collates and describes the various distributed data management technologies to help readers from various backgrounds understand the common aspects that govern distributed data management.
With a focus on the primary problems in identifying, addressing, and managing information in a distributed environment, the book guides you through the discovery of distributed data management on the web, in next-generation networks (NGNs), and in new content-centric networking paradigms. It includes case studies from the Palo Alto Research Center and the Semantic Web Education and Outreach Interest Group that illustrate the convergence between software engineering and networking technologies.
Derived from academic courses, ongoing research, and the latest standardization initiatives, the book explains how the various layers of the existing Internet protocol stack already provide most of the functions that information engineers need to design efficient systems. Although the subject is broad, the book provides helpful insights into a number of critical technologies to provide you with the foundation required to build and deploy more efficient data interoperability paradigms in next-generation networks.

Ever-changing business needs have prompted large companies to rethink their enterprise IT. Today, businesses must allow interaction with their customers, partners, and employees at more touch points and at a depth never thought previously. At the same time, rapid advances in information technologies, like business digitization, cloud computing, and Web 2.0, demand fundamental changes in the enterprises management practices. These changes have a drastic effect not only on IT and business, but also on policies, processes, and people. Many companies therefore embark on enterprise-wide transformation initiatives. The role of Enterprise Architecture (EA) is to architect and supervise this transformational journey. Unfortunately, today s EA is often a ponderous and detached exercise, with most of the EA initiatives failing to create visible impact. The enterprises need an EA that is agile and responsive to business dynamics. "Collaborative Enterprise Architecture" provides the innovative solutions today s enterprises require, informed by real-world experiences and experts insights. This book, in its first part, provides a systematic compendium of the current best practices in EA, analyzes current ways of doing EA, and identifies its constraints and shortcomings. In the second part, it leaves the beaten tracks of EA by introducing Lean, Agile, and Enterprise 2.0 concepts to the traditional EA methods. This blended approach to EA focuses on practical aspects, with recommendations derived from real-world experiences. A truly thought provoking and pragmatic guide to manage EA, "Collaborative Enterprise Architecture" effectively merges the long-term oriented top-down approach with pragmatic bottom-up thinking, and that way offers real solutions to businesses undergoing enterprise-wide change.
Covers the latest emerging technologies affecting business practice, including digitization, cloud computing, agile software development, and Web 2.0 Focuses on the practical implementation of EAM rather than theory, with recommendations based on real-world case studies Addresses changing business demands and practices, including Enterprise 2.0, open source, global sourcing, and more Takes an innovative approach to EAM, merging standard top-down and pragmatic, bottom-up strategies, offering real solutions to businesses undergoing enterprise-wide changes "

This book provides readers with a detailed reference regarding two of the most important long-term reliability and aging effects on nanometer integrated systems, electromigrations (EM) for interconnect and biased temperature instability (BTI) for CMOS devices. The authors discuss in detail recent developments in the modeling, analysis and optimization of the reliability effects from EM and BTI induced failures at the circuit, architecture and system levels of abstraction. Readers will benefit from a focus on topics such as recently developed, physics-based EM modeling, EM modeling for multi-segment wires, new EM-aware power grid analysis, and system level EM-induced reliability optimization and management techniques. Reviews classic Electromigration (EM) models, as well as existing EM failure models and discusses the limitations of those models; Introduces a dynamic EM model to address transient stress evolution, in which wires are stressed under time-varying current flows, and the EM recovery effects. Also includes new, parameterized equivalent DC current based EM models to address the recovery and transient effects; Presents a cross-layer approach to transistor aging modeling, analysis and mitigation, spanning multiple abstraction levels; Equips readers for EM-induced dynamic reliability management and energy or lifetime optimization techniques, for many-core dark silicon microprocessors, embedded systems, lower power many-core processors and datacenters.

The QL&SC 2012 is a major symposium for scientists, and practitioners all around the world to present their latest researches, results, ideas, developments and applications in such areas as quantitative logic, many-valued logic, fuzzy logic, quantification of software, artificial intelligence, fuzzy sets and systems and soft computing.This invaluable book provides a broad introduction to the fuzzy reasoning and soft computing. It is certain one should not go too far in approximation and optimization, and a certain degree must be kept in mind. This is the essential idea of quantitative logic and soft computing.The explanations in the book are complete to provide the necessary background material needed to go further into the subject and explore the research literature. It is suitable reading for graduate students. It provides a platform for mutual exchanges from top experts and scholars around the world in this field.

This volume shows how ICT (information and communications technology) can play the role of a driver of business process reengineering (BPR). ICT can aid in enabling improvement in BPR activity cycles as it provides many components that enhance performance that can lead to competitive advantages. IT can interface with BPR to improve business processes in terms of communication, inventory management, data management, management information systems, customer relationship management, computer-aided design, computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), and computer-aided engineering. This volume explores these issues in depth.

Ecosystems and Technology: Idea Generation and Content Model Processing, presents important new innovations in the area of management and computing. Innovation is the generation and application of new ideas and skills to produce new products, processes, and services that improve economic and social prosperity. This includes management and design policy decisions and encompasses innovation research, analysis, and best practice in enterprises, public and private sector service organizations, government, regional societies and economies. The book, the first volume in the Innovation Management and Computing book series, looks at technology that improves efficiency and idea generation, including systems for business, medical/health, education, and more. The book provides detailed examples to provide readers with current issues, including Venture planning for innovations New technologies supporting innovations systems Competitive business modeling Context-driven innovation modeling The generation of ideas faster The measurement of relevant data Virtual interfaces Business intelligence and content processing Predictive modeling Haptic expression and emotion recognition innovations, with applications to neurocognitive medical science This book provides a wealth of information that will be useful for IT and business professionals, educators, and students in many fields.

The emergence of highly promising and potent technologies has enabled the transition of ordinary objects into smart artifacts-providing wider connectivity of digitized entities that can facilitate the building of connected cities. This book provides readers with a solid foundation on the latest technologies and tools required to develop and enhance smart cities around the world. The book begins by examining the rise of the cloud as the fundamental technology for establishing and sustaining smart cities and enterprises. Explaining the principal technologies and platform solutions for implementing intelligent cities, the book details the role of various technologies, standards, protocols, and tools in establishing flexible homes and the buildings of the future. Examines IT platforms and tools from various product vendors Considers service-oriented architecture and event-driven architecture for smart city applications Explains how to leverage big data analytics for smart city enhancement and improved decision making Includes case studies of intelligent cities, smart homes, buildings, transports, healthcare systems, and airports The authors explore the convergence of cloud computing and enterprise architecture and present valuable information on next-generation cloud computing. They also cover the various architectural types, including enterprise-scale integration, security, management, and governance. The book concludes by explaining the various security requirements of intelligent cities as well as the threats and vulnerabilities of the various components that form the basis of the intelligent city framework, including cloud, big data, Internet of Things, and mobile technologies.

This book highlights how to integrate and realize Service Oriented Architecture with web services which is one of the emerging technologies in IT. It also focuses on the latest technologies, such as Metadata Management, Security issues, Quality of Service and its commercialization. A chapter is also devoted to the study of Emerging standards and development tools for Enterprise Application Integration. Most enterprises have made extensive investments in system resources over the course of many years. Such enterprises have an enormous amount of data stored in legacy enterprise information systems (EIS), so it is not practical to discard existing systems. It is more cost-effective to evolve and enhance EIS. This could be done with the help of SOA realizing with web services, which is an emerging field in Information technology. SOA is usually realized through web services. Web services specifications may add to the confusion of how to best to utilize SOA to solve business problems. In order for a smooth transition to SOA, using an architectural style that helps in realizing web services through SOA. The book concentrates on this architecture, realization and integration of SOA with web services. It consists of 12 chapters and is recommended for all postgraduate Computer Science Students.

This book brings together a selection of the best papers from the thirteenth edition of the Forum on specification and Design Languages Conference (FDL), which was held in Southampton, UK in September 2010. FDL is a well established international forum devoted to dissemination of research results, practical experiences and new ideas in the application of specification, design and verification languages to the design, modelling and verification of integrated circuits, complex hardware/software embedded systems, and mixed-technology systems.

Information services are economic and organizational activities for informing people. Because informing is changing rapidly under the influence of internet-technologies, this book presents in Chapter 1 fundamental notions of information and knowledge, based on philosopher C.W. Churchman's inquiring systems. This results in the identification of three product-oriented design theory aspects: content, use value and revenue. Chapter 2 describes how one can cope with these aspects by presenting process-oriented design theory. Both design theory insights are applied in chapters on information services challenges, their business concepts and processes, their architectures and exploitation. The final chapter discusses three case studies that integrate the insights from previous chapters, and it discusses some ideas for future research. This book gives students a coherent start to the topic of information services from a design science perspective, with a balance between technical and managerial aspects. Therefore, this book is useful for modern curricula of management, communication science and information systems. Because of its design science approach, it also explains design science principles. The book also serves professionals and academics in search of a foundational understanding of informing as a science and management practice.

This book introduces several novel approaches to pave the way for the next generation of integrated circuits, which can be successfully and reliably integrated, even in safety-critical applications. The authors describe new measures to address the rising challenges in the field of design for testability, debug, and reliability, as strictly required for state-of-the-art circuit designs. In particular, this book combines formal techniques, such as the Satisfiability (SAT) problem and the Bounded Model Checking (BMC), to address the arising challenges concerning the increase in test data volume, as well as test application time and the required reliability. All methods are discussed in detail and evaluated extensively, while considering industry-relevant benchmark candidates. All measures have been integrated into a common framework, which implements standardized software/hardware interfaces.

The Reference Model of Open Distributed Processing (RM-ODP) is an international standard that provides a solid basis for describing and building widely distributed systems and applications in a systematic way. It stresses the need to build these systems with evolution in mind by identifying the concerns of major stakeholders and then expressing the design as a series of linked viewpoints. Although RM-ODP has been a standard for more than ten years, many practitioners are still unaware of it. Building Enterprise Systems with ODP: An Introduction to Open Distributed Processing offers a gentle pathway to the essential ideas that constitute ODP and shows how these ideas can be applied when designing and building challenging systems. It provides an accessible introduction to the design principles for software engineers and enterprise architects. The book also explains the benefits of using viewpoints to produce simpler and more flexible designs and how ODP can be applied to service engineering, open enterprise, and cloud computing. The authors include guidelines for using the Unified Modeling Language (TM) (UML) notation and for structuring and writing system specifications. They elucidate how this fits into the model-driven engineering tool chain via approaches, such as Model-Driven Architecture (R) (MDA). They also demonstrate the power of RM-ODP for the design and organization of complex distributed IT systems in e-government, e-health, and energy and transportation industries. All concepts and ideas in the book are illustrated through a single running example that describes the IT support needed by a medium-sized company as it grows and develops. Complete UML models and more are available at http://theodpbook.lcc.uma.es/

This book provides readers with a comprehensive introduction to physical inspection-based approaches for electronics security. The authors explain the principles of physical inspection techniques including invasive, non-invasive and semi-invasive approaches and how they can be used for hardware assurance, from IC to PCB level. Coverage includes a wide variety of topics, from failure analysis and imaging, to testing, machine learning and automation, reverse engineering and attacks, and countermeasures.

The latest work by the world's leading authorities on the use of formal methods in computer science is presented in this volume, based on the 1995 International Summer School in Marktoberdorf, Germany. Logic is of special importance in computer science, since it provides the basis for giving correct semantics of programs, for specification and verification of software, and for program synthesis. The lectures presented here provide the basic knowledge a researcher in this area should have and give excellent starting points for exploring the literature. Topics covered include semantics and category theory, machine based theorem proving, logic programming, bounded arithmetic, proof theory, algebraic specifications and rewriting, algebraic algorithms, and type theory.

A hands-on introduction to FPGA prototyping and SoC design This is the successor edition of the popular FPGA Prototyping by Verilog Examples text. It follows the same "learning-by-doing" approach to teach the fundamentals and practices of HDL synthesis and FPGA prototyping. The new edition uses a coherent series of examples to demonstrate the process to develop sophisticated digital circuits and IP (intellectual property) cores, integrate them into an SoC (system on a chip) framework, realize the system on an FPGA prototyping board, and verify the hardware and software operation. The examples start with simple gate-level circuits, progress gradually through the RT (register transfer) level modules, and lead to a functional embedded system with custom I/O peripherals and hardware accelerators. Although it is an introductory text, the examples are developed in a rigorous manner, and the derivations follow the strict design guidelines and coding practices used for large, complex digital systems. The book is completely updated and uses the SystemVerilog language, which "absorbs" the Verilog language. It presents the hardware design in the SoC context and introduces the hardware-software co-design concept. Instead of treating examples as isolated entities, the book integrates them into a single coherent SoC platform that allows readers to explore both hardware and software "programmability" and develop complex and interesting embedded system projects. The new edition: Adds four general-purpose IP cores, which are multi-channel PWM (pulse width modulation) controller, I2C controller, SPI controller, and XADC (Xilinx analog-to-digital converter) controller. Introduces a music synthesizer constructed with a DDFS (direct digital frequency synthesis) module and an ADSR (attack-decay-sustain-release) envelope generator. Expands the original video controller into a complete stream based video subsystem that incorporates a video synchronization circuit, a test-pattern generator, an OSD (on-screen display) controller, a sprite generator, and a frame buffer. Provides a detailed discussion on blocking and nonblocking statements and coding styles. Describes basic concepts of software-hardware co-design with Xilinx MicroBlaze MCS soft-core processor. Provides an overview of bus interconnect and interface circuit. Presents basic embedded system software development. Suggests additional modules and peripherals for interesting and challenging projects. FPGA Prototyping by SystemVerilog Examples makes a natural companion text for introductory and advanced digital design courses and embedded system courses. It also serves as an ideal self-teaching guide for practicing engineers who wish to learn more about this emerging area of interest.

Many enterprises regard system-level testing as the final piece of the development effort, rather than as a tool that should be integrated throughout the development process. As a consequence, test teams often execute critical test plans just before product launch, resulting in much of the corrective work being performed in a rush and at the last minute. Presenting combinatorial approaches for improving test coverage, Testing Complex and Embedded Systems details techniques to help you streamline testing and identify problems before they occur -- including turbocharged testing using Six Sigma and exploratory testing methods. Rather than present the continuum of testing for particular products or design attributes, the text focuses on boundary conditions. Examining systems and software testing, it explains how to use simulation and emulation to complement testing. * Details how to manage multiple test hardware and software deliveries * Examines the contradictory perspectives of testing -- including ordered/ random, structured /unstructured, bench/field, and repeatable/non repeatable * Covers essential planning activities prior to testing, how to scope the work, and how to reach a successful conclusion * Explains how to determine when testing is complete Where you find organizations that are successful at product development, you are likely to find groups that practice disciplined, strategic, and thorough testing. Tapping into the authors' decades of experience managing test groups in the automotive industry, this book provides the understanding to help ensure your organization joins the likes of these groups.

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to hardware security, from specification to implementation. Applications discussed include embedded systems ranging from small RFID tags to satellites orbiting the earth. The authors describe a design and synthesis flow, which will transform a given circuit into a secure design incorporating counter-measures against fault attacks. In order to address the conflict between testability and security, the authors describe innovative design-for-testability (DFT) computer-aided design (CAD) tools that support security challenges, engineered for compliance with existing, commercial tools. Secure protocols are discussed, which protect access to necessary test infrastructures and enable the design of secure access controllers.

This book collates the key security and privacy concerns faced by individuals and organizations who use various social networking sites. This includes activities such as connecting with friends, colleagues, and family; sharing and posting information; managing audio, video, and photos; and all other aspects of using social media sites both professionally and personally. In the setting of the Internet of Things (IoT) that can connect millions of devices at any one time, the security of such actions is paramount. Securing Social Networks in Cyberspace discusses user privacy and trust, location privacy, protecting children, managing multimedia content, cyberbullying, and much more. Current state-of-the-art defense mechanisms that can bring long-term solutions to tackling these threats are considered in the book. This book can be used as a reference for an easy understanding of complex cybersecurity issues in social networking platforms and services. It is beneficial for academicians and graduate-level researchers. General readers may find it beneficial in protecting their social-media-related profiles.