This authoritative work presents the basic knowledge and state-of-the-art techniques necessary to carry out investigations of the cardiovascular system using modeling and simulation. The book provides a survey of relevant cell components and processes, with detailed coverage of the electrical and mechanical behaviors of vascular cells, tissues, and organs. Biological and mechanical glossaries are provided.

In this authoritative and comprehensive volume, Claude Bardos and Andrei Fursikov have drawn together an impressive array of international contributors to present important recent results and perspectives in this area. The main subjects that appear here relate largely to mathematical aspects of the theory but some novel schemes used in applied mathematics are also presented. Various topics from control theory, including Navier-Stokes equations, are covered.

Inelastic Analysis of Solids and Structures presents in a unified manner the physical and theoretical background of inelastic material models and computational methods, and illustrates the behavior of the models in typical engineering conditions. The book describes experimental observations and principles of mechanics, and efficient computational algorithms for stress calculations as typically performed in finite element analysis. The theoretical background is given to an extent necessary to describe the commonly employed material models in metal isotropic and orthotropic plasticity, thermoplasticity and viscoplasticity, and the plasticity of geological materials. The computational algorithms are developed in a unified manner with some detailed derivations of the algorithmic relations. Many solved examples are presented, which are designed to give insight into the material behavior in various engineering conditions, and to demonstrate the application of the computational algorithms.

A general approach to the derivation of equations of motion of as holonomic, as nonholonomic systems with the constraints of any order is suggested. The system of equations of motion in the generalized coordinates is regarded as a one vector relation, represented in a space tangential to a manifold of all possible positions of system at given instant. The tangential space is partitioned by the equations of constraints into two orthogonal subspaces. In one of them for the constraints up to the second order, the motion low is given by the equations of constraints and in the other one for ideal constraints, it is described by the vector equation without reactions of connections. In the whole space the motion low involves Lagrangian multipliers. It is shown that for the holonomic and nonholonomic constraints up to the second order, these multipliers can be found as the function of time, positions of system, and its velocities. The application of Lagrangian multipliers for holonomic systems permits us to construct a new method for determining the eigenfrequencies and eigenforms of oscillations of elastic systems and also to suggest a special form of equations for describing the system of motion of rigid bodies. The nonholonomic constraints, the order of which is greater than two, are regarded as programming constraints such that their validity is provided due to the existence of generalized control forces, which are determined as the functions of time. The closed system of differential equations, which makes it possible to find as these control forces, as the generalized Lagrange coordinates, is compound. The theory suggested is illustrated by the examples of a spacecraft motion. The book is primarily addressed to specialists in analytic mechanics.

This volume, dedicated to Professor Dimitri Beskos, contains contributions from leading researchers in Europe, the USA, Japan and elsewhere, and addresses the needs of the computational mechanics research community in terms of timely information on boundary integral equation-based methods and techniques applied to a variety of fields.

The contributors are well-known scientists, who also happen to be friends, collaborators as past students of Dimitri Beskos. Dimitri is one the BEM pioneers who started his career at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, USA, in the 1970s and is now with the University of Patras in Patras, Greece.

The book is essentially a collection of both original and review articles on contemporary Boundary Element Methods (BEM) as well as on the newer Mesh Reduction Methods (MRM), covering a variety of research topics. Close to forty contributions compose an over-500 page volume that is rich in detail and wide in terms of breadth of coverage of the subject of integral equation formulations and solutions in both solid and fluid mechanics.

In the pages of this present monograph readers will find virtually everything they need to know about the latest advanced materials. The authors have covered almost every angle, including composites, functionally graded materials, and materials for high temperature service. They also examine advanced approaches to local and non-local analysis of localized damage, and provide a new description of crack deactivation. This highly informative volume also tackles the material properties for high temperature applications.

Differential equations are often used in mathematical models for technological processes or devices. However, the design of a differential mathematical model is crucial and difficult in engineering. As a hands-on approach to learn how to pose a differential mathematical model the authors have selected 9 examples with important practical application and treat them as following: - Problem-setting and physical model formulation - Designing the differential mathematical model - Integration of the differential equations - Visualization of results Each step of the development of a differential model is enriched by respective Mathcad 11 commands, todays necessary linkage of engineering significance and high computing complexity. To support readers of the book with respect to changes that might occur in future versions of Mathcad (Mathcad 12 for example), updates of examples, codes etc. can be downloaded from the following web page www.thermal.ru. Readers can work with Mathcad-sheets of the book without any Mathcad by help Mathcad Application Server Technology.

This book covers the fundamentals of continuum mechanics, the integral formulation methods of continuum problems, the basic concepts of finite element methods, and the methodologies, formulations, procedures, and applications of various meshless methods. It also provides general and detailed procedures of meshless analysis on elastostatics, elastodynamics, non-local continuum mechanics and plasticity with a large number of numerical examples. Some basic and important mathematical methods are included in the Appendixes. For readers who want to gain knowledge through hands-on experience, the meshless programs for elastostatics and elastodynamics are provided on an included disc.

The book presents an updated state-of-the-art overview of the general aspects and practical applications of the theories of thin structures, through the interaction of several topics, ranging from non-linear thin-films, shells, junctions, beams of different materials and in different contexts (elasticity, plasticity, etc.). Advanced problems like the optimal design and the modeling of thin films made of brittle or phase-transforming materials will be presented as well.

Written by Puck's pupil and appointed successor Martin Knops, this book presents Alfred Puck?'s failure model, which, among several other theories, predicts fracture limits best and describes the failure phenomena in FRP most realistically as confirmed within the "World-wide Failure Exercise." Using Puck?'s model the composite engineer can follow the gradual failure process in a laminate and deduce from the results of the analysis how to improve the laminate design.

The problems and exercises in Strength and Stability that exceed the bounds of the ordinary university course in complexity and their statement are considered. The advanced problems liberalizing the readers and all- ing to see the connection of the Strength of Materials with some adjacent courses are collected in this book. All the problems and exercises are - compained with the detailed solutions. The set of new problems connected with the development of computer methods and with the application of composite materials in engineering are introduced in this publication. Author: Vsevolod I. Feodosiev Bauman Moscow State Technical University 2-nd Baumanskaya st. 5 105005 Moscow Russian Federation Translators: Sergey A. Voronov Sergey V. Yaresko Department of Applied Mechanics Bauman Moscow State Technical University 2-nd Baumanskaya st. 5 105005 Moscow Russian Federation E-mail: voronov@rk5. bmstu. ru Contents Part I. Problems and Questions 1. Tension, Compression and Torsion :::::::::::::::::::::::: 3 2. Cross-Section Geometry Characteristics: Bending::::::::: 17 3. Complex Stress State, Strength Criteria, Anisotropy ::::: 33 4. Stability :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 41 5. Various Questions and Problems :::::::::::::::::::::::::: 63 Part II. Answers and Solutions 1. Tension, Compression and Torsion :::::::::::::::::::::::: 81 2. Cross-Section Geometry Characteristics. Bending::::::::: 127 3. Complex Stress State, Strength Criteria, Anisotropy ::::: 195 4. Stability :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 219 5. Various Questions and Problems :::::::::::::::::::::::::: 359 References :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 415 Preface This is a book, written by the famous late Russian engineer and educator Vsevolod I.

A few years ago the Helmholtz Association (HGF) consisting of 15 research Institutions including the German Aerospace Center (DLR) started a network research program called 'Virtual Institutes'. The basic idea of this program was to establish research groups formed by Helmholtz research centers and universities to study and develop methods or technologies for future applications and educate young scientists. It should also enable and encourage the partners of this Virtual Institute after 3 years funding to continue their cooperation in other programs. Following this HGF request and chance the DLR Windtunnel Department of the Institute of Aerodynamics and Flow Technology took the initiative and established a network with other DLR institutes and German u- versities RWTH Aachen, University of Stuttgart and Technical University Munich. The main goal of this network was to share the experience in system analysis, ae- dynamics and material science for aerospace for improving the understanding and applicability of some key technologies for future reusable space transportation s- tems. Therefore, the virtual institute was named RESPACE (Key Technologies for Re- Usable Space Systems).

This upper-level undergraduate and beginning graduate textbook primarily covers the theory and application of Newtonian and Lagrangian, but also of Hamiltonian mechanics. In addition, included are elements of continuum mechanics and the accompanying classical field theory, wherein four-vector notation is introduced without explicit reference to special relativity. The author's writing style attempts to ease students through the primary and secondary results, thus building a solid foundation for understanding applications. Numerous examples illustrate the material and often present alternative approaches to the final results.

The book focuses on the fluid dynamics of cavitation with special reference to high power density turbopumps, where it represents the major source of performance and life degradation. While covering the more fundamental aspects of cavitation and the main kinds of cavitating flows, there is focus on the hydrodynamics and instabilities of cavitating turbopumps. The book also illustrates the alternative approaches for modeling and engineering simulation of cavitating flows.

High resolution upwind and centered methods are a mature generation of computational techniques. They are applicable to a wide range of engineering and scientific disciplines, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) being the most prominent up to now. This textbook gives a comprehensive, coherent and practical presentation of this class of techniques. For its third edition the book has been thoroughly revised to contain new material.

Offers an eye-opening and revealing look into an interpersonal/scientific conflict involving the 'Father of Modern Soil Mechanics' Karl von Terzaghi.

Exemplifies the 'human side' of science in which, sometimes, the prominence of a theorist and the inertia of the 'accepted wisdom' can inhibit progress and rational discussion of the facts.

More than 100 illustrations combine with historical details in the text to evoke a vivid picture of the lost era of pre-WWII Vienna.

This textbook offers a strong introduction to the fundamental concepts of materials science. It conveys the quintessence of this interdisciplinary field, distinguishing it from merely solid-state physics and solid-state chemistry, using metals as model systems to elucidate the relation between microstructure and materials properties. Mittemeijer's Fundamentals of Materials Science provides a consistent treatment of the subject matter with a special focus on the microstructure-property relationship. Richly illustrated and thoroughly referenced, it is the ideal adoption for an entire undergraduate, and even graduate, course of study in materials science and engineering. It delivers a solid background against which more specialized texts can be studied, covering the necessary breadth of key topics such as crystallography, structure defects, phase equilibria and transformations, diffusion and kinetics, and mechanical properties. The success of the first edition has led to this updated and extended second edition, featuring detailed discussion of electron microscopy, supermicroscopy and diffraction methods, an extended treatment of diffusion in solids, and a separate chapter on phase transformation kinetics. "In a lucid and masterly manner, the ways in which the microstructure can affect a host of basic phenomena in metals are described.... By consistently staying with the postulated topic of the microstructure - property relationship, this book occupies a singular position within the broad spectrum of comparable materials science literature .... it will also be of permanent value as a reference book for background refreshing, not least because of its unique annotated intermezzi; an ambitious, remarkable work." G. Petzow in International Journal of Materials Research. "The biggest strength of the book is the discussion of the structure-property relationships, which the author has accomplished admirably.... In a nutshell, the book should not be looked at as a quick 'cook book' type text, but as a serious, critical treatise for some significant time to come." G.S. Upadhyaya in Science of Sintering. "The role of lattice defects in deformation processes is clearly illustrated using excellent diagrams . Included are many footnotes, 'Intermezzos', 'Epilogues' and asides within the text from the author's experience. This ..... soon becomes valued for the interesting insights into the subject and shows the human side of its history. Overall this book provides a refreshing treatment of this important subject and should prove a useful addition to the existing text books available to undergraduate and graduate students and researchers in the field of materials science." M. Davies in Materials World.

Written by one of the world's leading authorities on plate behavior, this study gives a clear physical insight into elastic plate behavior. Small-deflection theory is treated in Part 1 in chapters dealing with basic equations: including thermal effects and multi-layered anisotropic plates, rectangular plates, circular and other shaped plates, plates whose boundaries are amenable to conformal transformation, plates with variable thickness, and approximate methods. Large-deflection theory is treated in Part 2 in chapters dealing with basic equations and exact solutions; approximate methods, including post-buckling behavior; and asymptotic theories for very thin plates, including tension field theory and inextensional theory. The mathematical content is necessarily high, making the style of the book appropriate to engineers and applied mathematicians. E.H. Mansfield is a Fellow of the Royal Society, a founder member of the Fellowship of Engineering, and the author of over 100 publications.

Thisbookdealswith theclassicalkinetictheoryofgases.Itsaimisto present the basic principles of this theory within an elementary framework and from a more rigorous approach based on the Boltzmann equation. The subjects are presented in a self-contained manner such that the readers can und- stand and learn some methods used in the kinetic theory of gases in order to investigate the Boltzmann equation. In Chapter 1, a sketch on the evolution of the ideas of the kinetic theory is presented. Afterwards, the basic principles of an elementary kinetic theory areintroduced,which arebasedonthe concepts ofmean freepath, molecular mean velocity and mean free time. The Maxwellian distribution function is determinedfromstatisticalarguments,andthetransportcoe?cients ofshear viscosity, thermal conductivity and self-di?usion are obtained from the e- mentary theory. The most common interaction potentials used in the kinetic theory of gases are also introduced in this chapter, and the dynamics of a binary collision is analyzed. Chapter 2 is dedicated to the study of the Boltzmann equation. First, the BoltzmannequationisderivedandtheequationsoftheBBGKYhierarchyare determined.Fromtheknowledgeofthetransferequation-whichfollowsfrom theBoltzmannequation-themacroscopicbalanceequationsforthemoments ofthedistributionfunctionarederived. Theequilibriumdistributionfunction is determined from the Boltzmann equation and the equilibrium states of a rare?ed gas are also analyzed. In this chapter, theH-theorem and the paradoxes of Loschmidt and Zermelo are discussed. The chapter ends with an analysis of the di?erent forms of the entropy which are used in statistical mechanics to describe the canonical and microcanonical ensembles.

Gives a clear and thorough presentation of the fundamental principles of mechanics and strength of materials.

Provides both the theory and applications of mechanics of materials on an intermediate theoretical level.

Useful as a reference tool by postgraduates and researchers in the fields of solid mechanics as well as practicing engineers.

First published in 1987, this text offers concise but clear explanations and derivations to give readers a confident grasp of the chain of argument that leads from Newton 's laws through Lagrange 's equations and Hamilton 's principle, to Hamilton 's equations and canonical transformations.

This new edition has been extensively revised and updated to include:

• A chapter on symplectic geometry and the geometric interpretation of some of the coordinate calculations.
• A more systematic treatment of the conections with the phase-plane analysis of ODEs; and an improved treatment of Euler angles.
• A greater emphasis on the links to special relativity and quantum theory showing how ideas from this classical subject link into contemporary areas of mathematics and theoretical physics.

A wealth of examples show the subject in action and a range of exercises with solutions are provided to help test understanding.

Providing a basic foundation for advanced graduate study and research in the mechanics of solids, this 2004 treatise contains a systematic development of the fundamentals of finite inelastic deformations of heterogeneous materials. The book combines the mathematical rigour of solid mechanics with the physics-based micro-structural understanding of the material science, to present a coherent picture of finite inelastic deformation of single and polycrystalline metals, over broad ranges of strain rates and temperatures. It also includes a similarly rigourous and experimentally based development of the quasi-static deformation of cohesionless granular materials that support the applied loads through contact friction. Every effort has been made to provide a thorough treatment of the subject, rendering the book accessible to students in solid mechanics and in the mechanics of materials. This book integrates rigourous mathematical description of finite deformations seamlessly with mechanisms based on micromechanics in order to produce useful results with relevance to practical problems.

Polymer chains that interact with themselves and/or with their environment are fascinating objects, displaying a range of interesting physical and chemical phenomena. The focus in this monograph is on the mathematical description of some of these phenomena, with particular emphasis on phase transitions as a function of interaction parameters, associated critical behavior and space-time scaling. Topics include: self-repellent polymers, self-attracting polymers, polymers interacting with interfaces, charged polymers, copolymers near linear or random selective interfaces, polymers interacting with random substrate and directed polymers in random environment. Different techniques are exposed, including the method of local times, large deviations, the lace expansion, generating functions, the method of excursions, ergodic theory, partial annealing estimates, coarse-graining techniques and martingales. Thus, this monograph offers a mathematical panorama of polymer chains, which even today holds plenty of challenges.

The reciprocity theorem has been used for over 100 years to establish interesting and useful relationships and to formulate problems. Internationally distinguished for his contributions to mechanics, Jan Achenbach presents a novel method of solving wave fields. The material presented here is relevant to applications in engineering and applied physics such as ultrasonics for medical imaging and non-destructive evaluation, acoustic microscopy, seismology, exploratory geophysics, and structural acoustics.

This book covers statics and dynamics to provide the student with everything needed to complete typical first-year undergraduate courses. Although students often find it difficult to visualize problems and grasp the mathematics, Adrian Roberts' approach tackles concepts with many examples, exercises and helpful diagrams. A key section on background mathematics allows students to review the prerequisite mathematics needed to progress through both topics.