This book covers significant themes explaining the practice of Islamic law. The first essay treats taqiyyah (literally, "caution"), the concealment of one's religion when to reveal it would incur danger, which is based on a Koranic passage. The author provides not only a legal and religious analysis of taqiyyah, but also, through the detailed examination of a prominent sixteenth-century Shiite scholar and cleric, reveals a complex pattern of behavior that allows Twelver Shi'is and other sectarian groups to reduce the risks entailed by participation in societies dominated by a Sunni majority. The second essay inquires into norms for physical and sexual contacts between individuals, even husbands and wives, defining rights to look, to touch, and even to mutilate. The third essay evaluates the Ottoman records of local fines. This report on legal regulations and their execution as well as on practices of law and tradition in villages of Northern Palestine creates a colorful picture of life in the sixteenth century.

In 1795, the Georgia legislature sold the state's western lands (present-day Alabama and Mississippi) to four private land companies. A year later, amid revelations of bribery, a newly elected legislature revoked the sale. This book tells the story of how the great Yazoo lands sale gave rise to the 1810 case in which the Supreme Court, under Chief Justice John Marshall, for the first time ruled the action of a state to be in violation of the Constitution, specifically the contract clause. Truly a landmark case, Fletcher v. Peck established judicial review of state legislative proceedings, provided a gloss on the contract clause, and established the preeminent role of the Supreme Court in private law matters. Beneath the case's dry legal proceedings lay a tangle of speculating mania, corruption, and political rivalry, which Charles Hobson unravels with narrative aplomb. As the scene shifts from the frontier to the courtroom, and from Georgia to New England, the cast of characters includes sharp dealers like Robert Morris, hot-headed politicians like James Jackson, and able counsel like John Quincy Adams, along with, of course, John Marshall himself. The improbably dramatic tale opens a window on land transactions, Indian relations, and the politics of the early nation, thereby revealing how the controversy over the Yazoo lands sale reflected a deeper crisis over the meaning of republicanism. Hobson, a leading scholar of the Marshall Court, lays out the details of the litigation with great clarity even as he presents a longer view of the implications and consequences of Fletcher v. Peck.

When the American Railway Union went on strike against the Pullman Palace Car Company in 1894, it set into motion a chain of events whose repercussions are still felt today. The strike pitted America's largest industrial union against twenty-four railroads, paralyzed rail traffic in half the country, and in the end was broken up by federal troops and suppressed by the courts, with union leader Eugene Debs incarcerated. But behind the Pullman case lay a conflict of ideologies at a watershed time in our nation's history.

David Ray Papke reexamines the events and personalities surrounding the 1894 strike, related proceedings in the Chicago trial courts, and the 1895 Supreme Court decision, In re Debs, which set important standards for labor injunctions. He shows how the Court, by upholding Debs's contempt citation, dealt fatal blows to broad-based unionism in the nation's most important industry and to any hope for a more evenhanded form of judicial involvement in labor disputes-thus setting the stage for labor law in decades to come.

The Pullman case was a defining moment in the often violent confrontation between capital and labor. It matched wealthy industrialist George Pullman against Debs and gave a stage to Debs's fledgling attorney Clarence Darrow. Throughout the trial, capital and labor tried to convince the public of the justice of their cause: Debs decrying the company's treatment of workers and Pullman raising fears of radical unionists. Papke provides an analytically concise and highly readable account of these proceedings, offering insight into the strengths and weaknesses of the law at the peak of industrial capitalism, showcasing Debs's passionate commitment to workers' rights, and providing a window on America during a period of rapid industrialization and social transformation.

Papke shows that the law was far from neutral in defending corporate interests and suggests what the Pullman case, by raising questions about both the legitimacy of giant corporations and the revolutionary style of industrial unions, can teach us about law and legal institutions in our own time. His book captures the passions of industrial America and tells an important story at the intersection of legal and cultural history.

Der Band dokumentiert eine gemeinsame Veranstaltung des Mainzer Medieninstituts und der Kölner Forschungsstelle für Medienrecht in Kooperation mit dem 18. Medienforum NRW im Juni 2006. Gegenstand der Diskussion waren die Anfang des Jahres 2006 getroffenen Entscheidungen des Bundeskartellamtes und der Kommission zur Ermittlung der Konzentration im Medienbereich (KEK) zu der zu dieser Zeit geplanten Übernahme der ProSiebenSAT.1 Media AG durch die Axel Springer AG. In beiden Entscheidungen werden über den konkreten Fall hinaus Grenzen für Markt- und Meinungsmacht aufgezeigt, die auf ein unterschiedliches Echo gestoßen sind. Anliegen der Veranstaltung war es, den Beteiligten an der kontrovers diskutierten und schließlich gescheiterten Fusion ein Forum zu verschaffen.

Introduction. An Experimental Approach to Victim Decision Making. Experimental Studies on the Role of Social Influence in Victim Decision Making. Eyewitness Identification by Theft Victims. Analyses Across Experimental Studies. Normative Expectations for Calling the Police. Archival Analyses. Self-Reports: Surveying Crime Victims. A Model of Crime Victim Decision Making. Summary and Implications of the Research. Appendix: A Lawsuit Against the Researchers. Index.

Intellectual property is rapidly becoming one of the most controversial aspects of American law with both domestic and international implications. The controversy over copyright law is largely a result of the rapidly growing internet which threatens clear copyright ownership. In fact, Halbert argues, the internet, through its emphasis on information exchange, inherently challenges the concept of intellectual property rights developed in the 18th century to protect written--not word-processed--works.

Halbert critiques the theoretical foundations and the present American approach to copyright law, and she concludes that we should not uncritically extend copyright law to the internet. More generally, we should keep the concept of intellectual property from colonizing knowledge and ideas. She attempts to describe how new technologies are brought within the boundaries of the intellectual property discourse and given legal legitimacy. Halbert touches on the historical roots of copyright law, the manner in which copyright law is used today, and provides a critique of our current attitudes toward intellectual property. Court cases, government documents, public policy recommendations, international trade agreements, the actions of key industries, and popular opinion provide insight into how intellectual property as a concept is being defined in the information age and used to enforce property boundaries. An important resource for scholars and professionals alike working in copyright related industries.

"Religion, Law, and Freedom: A Global Perspective" introduces readers to diverse perspectives on the interplay of religion, law, and communications freedom in different cultures around the world. Through discussion and analysis of the religious mores and cultural values that a nation adheres to, a greater understanding of that nation, its laws, and its freedoms can be cultivated. Rather than suggesting that harmony can be achieved without conflict, the essays in this volume seek to present the reader with a variety of perspectives from which to view and understand the relationships among religion, law, and freedom in various cultures. This multifaceted analysis, therefore, helps readers draw their own conclusions as to the best way to resolve cultural conflict brought about by the growing global community.

The book consists of fifteen chapters, authored or coauthored by 17 international scholars representing China, Germany, Israel, Iran, Japan, Latvia, Nigeria, Singapore, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The chapters are organized into four parts: "Perspectives on Eastern and Western Religions; Press Freedom in Religious and Secular Societies; Journalism, Advertising, and Ethical Issues;" and "Religion, Politics, Media, and Human Rights." This important contribution will especially appeal to researchers and students in such fields as mass communications, legal studies, cultural studies, political science, religion, intercultural communications, international communications, and journalism.

Watter idee sal blindes van 'n olifant he? Miskien dink hulle dis 'n muur, 'n pilaar of 'n slang. Dit is di? analogie wat uitgebuit word in hierdie eerste Afrikaanse inleidende handboek tot die literatuurwetenskap. Die letterkunde is immers ook 'n omvattende verskynsel en die algemene literatuurwetenskap 'n veelsydige dissipline. Die letterkunde word dus vanuit verskillende teoretiese hoeke beskou. Moderne teoretiese sienings (bv. New Criticism, Nuwe Historisme en Postkolonialisme) word verduidelik deur 'n klassieke teks, Jan Rabie se Droogte, deurlopend m.b.v. hierdie teoriee te belig. Gerigte vrae oor ander Suid-Afrikaanse kortverhale help verder om hierdie nuwer teoriee vir plaaslike lesers bruikbaar te maak. Daarna word basiese vrae oor die literatuurwetenskap behandel. Die boek is 'n onontbeerlike hulpmiddel vir elke ernstige letterkundestudent en 'n moet vir elke onderwyser en dosent wat op hoogte wil bly met ontwikkelinge in die literatuurstudie.

Inaugurating "Greenw4ood's Reference Guides to the United States Constitution" series, this superlative guide to the Sixth Amendment is the first to survey the legal guarantee of counsel's assistance since 1963's "Gideon" ruling. The vast majority of important, even landmark cases regarding the right to counsel were decided after that pivotal ruling, making this the definitive work on the topic. Tomkovicz offers a concise yet substantial account of the historical development of the right to counsel in England and America.

Included are:

A brief history of the topic

Lengthy and sophisticated analysis of the current state of the law

A bibliographical essay organizing and evaluating scholarly material for further research

A table of cases

Index

A thorough analysis of the relevant U.S. Supreme Court's doctrine gives concrete content to the right to assistance of defense counsel. Scholars and students of the U.S. Constitution, along with attorneys and lay readers, will gain a rich understanding of the meaning and importance of the Sixth Amendment, and a comprehensive overview of a cornerstone of America's constitutional and legal order.

As part of a new series of Greenwood's comprehensive reference guides to the United States Constitution, Professor Durchslag's edition on the Eleventh Amendment's guarantee of state sovereign immunity is the most thorough and up-to-date treatment of that amendment. The Court's interpretation of the Eleventh Amendment over the past two centuries has been an attempt to balance the sovereign interests of the states against the primacy of federal law, and is currently its primary means of articulating its federalist doctrine. Beginning with an extensive history of the Eleventh Amendment and the ratification debates surrounding it, Durchslag proceeds to a chronological discussion of the development of the first generation of Eleventh Amendment jurisprudence from 1793 - 1890. The book then proceeds topically, tracing the developments of the various doctrinal components of the Amendment, and includes suggestions as to how they may evolve. The work concludes with an erudite bibliographic essay to guide the reader to relevant primary and secondary works, and is fully indexed. For constitutional students, scholars, and legal practitioners, as well as for political scientists and historians studying the constitution or federalism.

This title gives students and other users a clear understanding of the true state of voting and representative democracy in the United States by impartially examining claims surrounding voter fraud, voter suppression, gerrymandering, and other voting-related issues in the U.S. This work is part of a series that uses evidence-based documentation to examine the veracity of claims and beliefs about high-profile issues in American culture and politics. Each book in the Contemporary Debates series is intended to puncture rather than perpetuate myths that diminish our understanding of important policies and positions; to provide needed context for misleading statements and claims; and to confirm the factual accuracy of other assertions. This particular volume examines beliefs, claims, and myths about voting and elections in the United States. Issues covered include constitutional provisions concerning the franchise, constitutional amendments expanding the vote to previously disenfranchised groups, the specific provisions of the landmark Voting Rights Act of 1965, and modern-day controversies swirling around claims of voter suppression for partisan gain, voter fraud, and partisan gerrymandering. All of these issues are examined in individualized entries, with objective responses grounded in up-to-date evidence.

Auf dem Gebiet des Vertragsrechts wird seit langem lebhaft darüber diskutiert, inwieweit die zunehmende Beschränkung der Vertragsfreiheit gerechtfertigt ist. Für das Deliktsrecht hat sich eine diesbezügliche Diskussion erst ansatzweise entwickelt, obwohl sich auch dieser Bereich durch eine zunehmende Beschränkung der Handlungsfreiheit des potentiellen Schädigers auszeichnet. Die bedeutendste Rolle in dem Prozess der zunehmenden Haftungsverschärfung kommt dabei den Verkehrspflichten zu, deren Verhaltensgebote und -verbote heute nahezu alle Lebensbereiche erfassen. Dieser Arbeit liegt deshalb die Frage zugrunde, ob und inwiefern die Handlungsfreiheit des potentiellen Schädigers im ausufernden System der deliktischen Verkehrspflichten ausreichende Berücksichtigung findet.

Die Arbeit behandelt Probleme im Zusammenhang mit Vorkaufsrechten beim Verkauf von Aktienpaketen. Ausgehend von §§ 463-473 BGB werden die zivil- und gesellschaftsrechtlichen Besonderheiten dargestellt. Hierbei wird die über die Verschaffungs- und Abwehrfunktion des Vorkaufsrechts hinausgehende Zwecksetzung der Vorkaufsabrede verdeutlicht. Anwendungsbereich und Umgehungsschutz werden unter Bildung von Fallgruppen erläutert. Diese Studie legt die objektive und subjektive Teilbarkeit bei Verkäufen von Aktienpaketen und einer Mehrheit von Berechtigten und/oder Verpflichteten umfassend dar. Die im Rahmen der Arbeit angesprochenen Konstellationen werden hierbei durch zahlreiche Beispiele aus der Praxis verdeutlicht. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung münden in eine Auseinandersetzung mit der Handhabung von Vorkaufsrechten in der praktischen Vertragsgestaltung.

Die Verschmelzung als wirtschaftlich und rechtlich engste Form der Unternehmensverbindung stellt in einer dynamischen Wirtschaft ein nie an Aktualität einbüßendes Thema dar. Umfassend und fachübergreifend werden neben betriebswirtschaftlichen auch handels- und gesellschaftsrechtliche Aspekte sowie steuerliche Fragestellungen betrachtet. Dabei bildet die Darstellung des Verschmelzungsvorgangs in Handelsbilanzen von Überträgerin und Übernehmerin den Schwerpunkt der Analyse. Das Bewertungswahlrecht zwischen Buchwertverknüpfung und Anschaffungskostenansatz der Übernehmerin in § 24 UmwG wird ausführlich für verschiedene Gegenleistungen untersucht. Durch zahlreiche Beispiele, Tabellen und Abbildungen ist das Buch für Wissenschaft und Praxis gleichermaßen geeignet.

Of all amendments to the U.S. Constitution, the Fourth has been called the most ambiguous, and it is from that amendment that search and seizure laws are primarily drawn. Students will learn about the legal issues and cases argued concerning protection of property and privacy, searching homes and businesses, searching people in public places, searching automobiles and baggage, and wiretapping. The Exclusionary Rule and the right to privacy beyond search and seizure are specifically examined in detail.

This book analyses French criminal procedure. It explores issues such as the status of the judge, the changing rights of the defence, and the immunity of the French President, offering valuable comparisons between France and other cultures. This volume aims to present the French system as it is today, in theory and in practice. The contributors represent a wide spectrum of academic, professional and national standpoints and are thus able to discuss the impact of judicial practices on the political and business arenas, in very broad context.

Unfallflucht (§ 142 StGB) ist egoistisch, gemein und gesellschaftsschädigend, aber ist das Verhalten strafbar? Die sogenannten Besonderheiten des Straßenverkehrs scheinen die Notwendigkeit der Strafbarkeit zu legitimieren. Eine genaue und sachliche Untersuchung der - scheinbaren - Begründung offenbart jedoch deren emotionsbehaftete Widersprüchlichkeit und Unhaltbarkeit gemessen an elementaren (straf)rechtlichen Prinzipien.

Winner, Next Generation Indie Book Awards - Women's Nonfiction Best Book of 2020, National Law Journal The inspiring and previously untold history of the women considered—but not selected—for the US Supreme Court In 1981, Sandra Day O’Connor became the first female justice on the United States Supreme Court after centuries of male appointments, a watershed moment in the long struggle for gender equality. Yet few know about the remarkable women considered in the decades before her triumph. Shortlisted tells the overlooked stories of nine extraordinary women—a cohort large enough to seat the entire Supreme Court—who appeared on presidential lists dating back to the 1930s. Florence Allen, the first female judge on the highest court in Ohio, was named repeatedly in those early years. Eight more followed, including Amalya Kearse, a federal appellate judge who was the first African American woman viewed as a potential Supreme Court nominee. Award-winning scholars Renee Knake Jefferson and Hannah Brenner Johnson cleverly weave together long-forgotten materials from presidential libraries and private archives to reveal the professional and personal lives of these accomplished women. In addition to filling a notable historical gap, the book exposes the tragedy of the shortlist. Listing and bypassing qualified female candidates creates a false appearance of diversity that preserves the status quo, a fate all too familiar for women, especially minorities. Shortlisted offers a roadmap to combat enduring bias and discrimination. It is a must-read for those seeking positions of power as well as for the powerful who select them in the legal profession and beyond.

The Supreme Court's 1857 Dred Scott decision denied citizenship to African Americans and enabled slavery's westward expansion. It has long stood as a grievous instance of justice perverted by sectional politics. Austin Allen finds that the outcome of Dred Scott hinged not on a single issue - slavery - but on a web of assumptions, agendas, and commitments held collectively and individually by Chief Justice Roger B. Taney and his colleagues. Allen carefully tracks arguments made by Taney Court justices in more than 1,600 reported cases in the two decades prior to Dred Scott and in its immediate aftermath. By showing us the political, professional, ideological, and institutional contexts in which the Taney Court worked, Allen reveals that Dred Scott was not simply a victory for the Court's prosouthern faction. It was instead an outgrowth of Jacksonian jurisprudence, an intellectual system that charged the Court with protecting slavery, preserving both federal power and state sovereignty, promoting economic development, and securing the legal foundations of an emerging corporate order - all at the same time. Here is a wealth of new insight into the internal dynamics of the Taney Court and the origins of its most infamous decision.

Now with a new chapter on the end of the chumocracy era - and Oxford's upcoming elite for 2050. THE SUNDAY TIMES BESTSELLER AND TIMES BEST BOOK OF 2022 Power. Privilege. Parties. It's a very small world at the top. 'Brilliant ... traces Brexit back to the debating chambers of the Oxford Union in the 1980s' James O'Brien 'A searing onslaught on the smirking Oxford insinuation that politics is all just a game. It isn't. It matters' Matthew Parris 'A sparkling firework of a book' Lynn Barber, Spectator 'Exquisite and depressing in equal measure' Matthew Syed, Sunday Times Boris Johnson, Michael Gove, David Cameron, George Osborne, Theresa May, Dominic Cummings, Daniel Hannan, Jacob Rees-Mogg: Whitehall is swarming with old Oxonians. They debated each other in tutorials, ran against each other in student elections, and attended the same balls and black tie dinners. They aren't just colleagues - they are peers, rivals, friends. And, when they walked out of the world of student debates onto the national stage, they brought their university politics with them. Thirteen of the seventeen postwar British prime ministers went to Oxford University. In Chums, Simon Kuper traces how the rarefied and privileged atmosphere of this narrowest of talent pools - and the friendships and worldviews it created - shaped modern Britain. A damning look at the university clique-turned-Commons majority that will blow the doors of Westminster wide open and change the way you look at our democracy forever.