Medical Arabic is a valuable resource for students interested in learning medical Arabic at ACTFL level Advanced Low. Effective communication is essential in health care, and communication is most effective when both parties share a common language, therefore resulting in a comfortable relationship between health care provider and patient. This textbook is intended for those with prior knowledge of Arabic language and grammar. It is designed to provide students with the linguistic and cultural competencies and medical Arabic terminology necessary to communicate in medical settings such as a hospital, clinic, or a community health care facility. Students will be able to ask questions in Arabic and provide answers in common medical situations, conduct patient interviews, and understand a wider variety of possible responses from patients. The book provides clear explanations of medical vocabulary and concepts as they occur in the reading materials to encourage active interaction with the text. The book's drills are designed as either in-class exercises or homework. The answer key for the book exercises is also provided as a downloadable e-resource. Written by dynamic authors who taught Arabic as a foreign language for several years and reviewed by physicians and professionals in the field, the book is an essential guide for students in medical school, biology, and other science majors. Students will find Medical Arabic more than merely a textbook but rather a pathway to enhance their communication skills effectively.

This anthology is the culmination of some 20 years of interest in the field of bioethics. I began my studies in the philosophy of science while at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1970. My interest then, as now, continues to be the complex interrelationship between science and the humanities. While grounded in philosophy and molecular biology, I yearned for a more applied realm for exploration and integration of the value laden nature of science in the public policy arena. After receiving my medical degree from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, I continued my work in medical ethics focusing primarily on the ethics of human experimentation, newborn and reproductive technologies, and human genetics. As I completed my clinical training at the University of California at Los Angeles and at Harvard, I had the opportunity to use philosophical ethics in an attempt to understand, frame and resolve moral dilemmas in clinical practice. As a professor of medical ethics at Boston University for the past decade, I have taught bioethics at the undergraduate, graduate and post doctoral levels. Over these years I have become increasingly frustrated by the state of contemporary bioethics. Medicine continues to serve as an interesting paradigm for philosophers to explore novel theories about life, death, mind, suffering and meaning. Philosophy, however, has not served medicine quite so well as a source of knowledge and discipline to resolve the contemporary moral dilemmas found in health care.

From the ravages of the Ebola virus in Zaire to outbreaks of pneumonic plague in India and drug-resistant TB in New York City, contagious diseases are fighting back against once-unconquerable modern medicine. Public concern about infectious disease is on the rise as newspapers trumpet the arrivals of new germs and the reemergence of old ones.

In A Field Guide to Germs, Pulitzer Prize-winning science writer Wayne Biddle brings readers face to face with nearly one hundred of the best-known (in terms of prevalence, power, historical importance, or even literary interest) of the myriad pathogens that live in and around the human population. Along with physical descriptions of the organisms and the afflictions they cause, the author provides folklore, philosophy, history, and such illustrations as nineteenth century drawings of plague-induced panic, microscopic photographs of HIV and Ebola, and wartime posters warning servicemen against syphilis and gonorrhea.

From cholera to chlamydia, TB to HIV, bubonic plague to Lyme disease, rabies to Congo-Crimean encephalitis, anthrax to Zika fever, and back to good old rhinitis (the common cold), A Field Guide to Germs is both a handy reference work to better understand today's headlines and a fascinating look at the astonishing impact of micro-organisms on social and political history.

This book contains the proceedings of the conference ANNIMAB-l, held 13-16 May 2000 in Goteborg, Sweden. The conference was organized by the Society for Artificial Neural Networks in Medicine and Biology (ANNIMAB-S), which was established to promote research within a new and genuinely cross-disciplinary field. Forty-two contributions were accepted for presentation; in addition to these, S invited papers are also included. Research within medicine and biology has often been characterised by application of statistical methods for evaluating domain specific data. The growing interest in Artificial Neural Networks has not only introduced new methods for data analysis, but also opened up for development of new models of biological and ecological systems. The ANNIMAB-l conference is focusing on some of the many uses of artificial neural networks with relevance for medicine and biology, specifically: * Medical applications of artificial neural networks: for better diagnoses and outcome predictions from clinical and laboratory data, in the processing of ECG and EEG signals, in medical image analysis, etc. More than half of the contributions address such clinically oriented issues. * Uses of ANNs in biology outside clinical medicine: for example, in models of ecology and evolution, for data analysis in molecular biology, and (of course) in models of animal and human nervous systems and their capabilities. * Theoretical aspects: recent developments in learning algorithms, ANNs in relation to expert systems and to traditional statistical procedures, hybrid systems and integrative approaches.

While supervising a small group of interns at a major New York medical center, Dr. Robert Marion asked three of them to keep a careful diary over the course of a year. Andy, Mark, and Amy vividly describe their real-life lessons in treating very sick children; confronting child abuse and the awful human impact of the AIDS epidemic; skirting the indifference of the hospital bureaucracy; and overcoming their own fears, insecurities, and constant fatigue. Their stories are harrowing and often funny; their personal triumph is unforgettable.

This updated edition of The Intern Blues includes a new preface from the author discussing the status of medical training in America today and a new afterword updating the reader on the lives of the three young interns who first shared their stories with readers more than a decade ago.

Have you ever gone into a doctor's office and come out feeling like a laboratory project rather than a human being? This book offers a refreshing perspective. In Dr. Daniel's forty years in the medical community, he has discovered an important truth: people find more complete healing when treated as integrated persons - with minds as well as bodies, emotions as well as muscles, spirits as well as skin. Through real-life stories and insightful studies, Fountain uses his experience to explore a balanced relationship between faith, medicine, and ultimate spiritual hope.

This is the third in a series of conferences devoted primarily to the theory and applications of artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms. The first such event was held in Innsbruck, Austria, in April 1993, the second in Ales, France, in April 1995. We are pleased to host the 1997 event in the mediaeval city of Norwich, England, and to carryon the fine tradition set by its predecessors of providing a relaxed and stimulating environment for both established and emerging researchers working in these and other, related fields. This series of conferences is unique in recognising the relation between the two main themes of artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms, each having its origin in a natural process fundamental to life on earth, and each now well established as a paradigm fundamental to continuing technological development through the solution of complex, industrial, commercial and financial problems. This is well illustrated in this volume by the numerous applications of both paradigms to new and challenging problems. The third key theme of the series, therefore, is the integration of both technologies, either through the use of the genetic algorithm to construct the most effective network architecture for the problem in hand, or, more recently, the use of neural networks as approximate fitness functions for a genetic algorithm searching for good solutions in an 'incomplete' solution space, i.e. one for which the fitness is not easily established for every possible solution instance.

The Most Beautiful Man in Existence The Scandalous Life of Alexander Lesassier Lisa Rosner "A reassuring reminder that no single era has a corner on sexual license."--"Boston Globe" "Remarkable. . . . Reading this book is a bit like stumbling across a new Pepys, or discovering the journals of James Boswell."--Roy Porter, author of "London: A Social History" "Lesassier is a rogue more likely to pop up as a character in a Restoration comedy than anywhere else. But in historian Lisa Rosner's hands, the trunk full of journals he left behind provides fresh insights into the development of the medical profession and English society in the early 1800s."--"Boston Globe" "We are here given a vivid picture of the medical profession at the time, an officer's life in the British Army, and what may have been one of the more dissolute lives of the period. We follow our often-scandalous hero from medical training to his efforts to obtain an army commission to his service in places from Gibraltar to India, where he died in the first Afghan War in 1839."--"Library Journal" 1833, Catherine Jane Hamilton returned from India to Edinburgh to seek a divorce from her husband, the physician Alexander Lesassier. The charge was adultery, and proof for it lay in a trunk containing her husband's personal papers. Catherine won her suit without difficulty and the trunk was deposited in the library of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. Alexander Lesassier died in 1839 during the First Afghan War; his trunk and its contents remained untouched for the next century and a half. It has now been opened and a remarkable tale, told in remarkable detail, has spilled forth. The life of Alexander Lesassier, as expertly reconstructed by Lisa Rosner, affords startling insight into the sensibilities of an era and of the man who, in his own eyes and those of the women who adored him, was its most perfect creation. Affable and self-absorbed, engaging and ignoble Lesassier was a physician, military surgeon, and novelist, who was also a shameless opportunist, charming scoundrel, seducer, and survivor. His is the story of a failed medical man who wanted to be something different and saw himself as entitled to more than he had; someone who can always be guaranteed to make the wrong choice, and then protest that he has done well. This fascinating and deeply absorbing book offers rare insights into Georgian, Regency, and early Victorian Britain through the fortunes and misfortunes, hopes and whims, of "the most beautiful man in existence." Lisa Rosner is Professor of History at the Richard Stockton College of New Jersey. She is the author of "Medical Education in the Age of Improvement: Edinburgh Students and Apprentices, 1760-1826." 1999 288 pages 6 1/8 x 9 1/4 15 illus. ISBN 978-0-8122-3486-2 Cloth $42.50s 28.00 ISBN 978-0-8122-0316-5 Ebook $42.50s 28.00 World Rights History, Biography, Medicine, Military Science Short copy: "Reading this book is a bit like stumbling across a new Pepys, or discovering the journals of James Boswell."--Roy Porter, author of "London: A Social History"

This fourth edition contains over 500 questions which comprehensively cover the curriculum. The book features questions in all the formats that feature in the AKT exam: single best answers; extended matching questions; rank ordering; picture format; algorithm completion and the recently introduced 'complete the gap' question types. The newly added questions cover important topics such as: management of low back pain contraception and pregnancy the new fit notes diagnosis and management of people with skin problems acute eye problems management of osteoporosis The questions and answers have been comprehensively updated to reflect changes in management of clinical and administrative areas, with references and weblinks updated throughout. 400 extended matching, single best answer questions, rank ordering and free text completion 88 algorithm completion questions 52 picture questions, with all photographs presented in full colour The book has been favourably reviewed by trainees, trainers and programme directors alike and is on the recommended reading lists of a number of VTS schemes. It is essential reading for candidates preparing for the AKT and also for training practices and libraries. It has been used by trainers to plan teaching sessions and tutorials and by established GPs to help them with appraisal and revalidation. IF YOU WANT TO PASS THE AKT PAPER IN THE MRCGP, THEN YOU NEED THIS BOOK From reviews of previous editions: "Just had my AKT results and they were well above the average... This book is clearly laid out and I feel acts as a good supplement to online revision and fills in the gaps online revision can leave." "This is a good road testing for those who face into the AKT... the questions are clear and easily understood. The picture quality is excellent. The answers are informative and provide useful revision..."

Maximum retention in minimum time! Studying for the USMLE (R) Step 1 can be a race against time. This unique resource helps you beat the clock-and score big. Designed for rapid review, this grade-boosting sourcebook distills coursework into the need-to-know, high-yield concepts and topics that will give you the edge on exam day. The book features an at-a-glance, two-column "flashcard" Q&A format, which reinforces familiar material, while accelerating mastery of commonly tested topics. The Q&As help you efficiently absorb a large amount of pertinent information and streamlines study time by focusing only on the correct answers. Ideal for last-minute cramming, this quick-reference also enables you to pinpoint your weaknesses and strengths so you can fine-tune your preparation-and tackle the most difficult exam questions with confidence. *Provides a flashcard experience with the convenience of a book*USMLE (R) -style vignettes deliver review material in a board-simulating clinical presentation *Active recall questions allow readers to understand, not just memorize, the subject matter *Clinical correlations of basic science help readers gear up for coursework and board exams*Compact and easy to carry for on-the-spot studying

Kaplan's MCAT 528 Advanced Prep 2023–2024 features thorough subject review, more questions than any competitor, and the highest-yield questions available—all authored by the experts behind the MCAT prep course that has helped more people get into medical school than all other major courses combined. Prepping for the MCAT is a true challenge. Kaplan can be your partner along the way—offering guidance on where to focus your efforts, how to organize your review, and targeted focus on the most-tested concepts. This edition features commentary and instruction from Kaplan's MCAT experts and has been updated to match the AAMC's guidelines precisely—no more worrying if your MCAT review is comprehensive! The Most Practice More than 500 questions in the book and online and access to even more online—more practice than any other advanced MCAT book on the market. The Best Practice Comprehensive subject review is written by top-rated, award-winning Kaplan instructors. All material is vetted by editors with advanced science degrees and by a medical doctor. Online resources, including a full-length practice test, help you master the computer-based format you'll see on Test Day. Expert Guidance Star Ratings throughout the book indicate how important each topic will be to your score on the real exam—informed by Kaplan's decades of MCAT experience and facts straight from the testmaker. We know the test: The Kaplan MCAT team has spent years studying every MCAT-related document available. Kaplan's expert psychometricians ensure our practice questions and study materials are true to the test.

A compact and accessible guidebook exploring current understanding of common bacterial and fungal pathogens of animals. Clinical Veterinary Microbiology brings together knowledge and understanding of the bacterial pathogens of animals from disease signs and diagnostic methods to the molecular basis of the host pathogen interaction. A small but focused book, it enables the reader to access important information during diagnosis and treatment in a clinically relevant way. Suitable as a companion for study on the subject and for professional use, the author focuses on the more clinically common diseases at the general and first-referral level. Divided into three sections, the first covers the basics of bacterial microbiology such as structure, growth and genetics. The second examines the commonly encountered bacterial pathogens, with emphasis on current understanding of the cellular and molecular basis of infection and immunity. The third section explores the current state of knowledge of those fungi involved in infection of animals. Specific topics covered in Clinical Veterinary Microbiology include: Nutrition, sterilization, and disinfection of bacteria, bacterial genes and gene transfer, pathogenicity and host response, and vaccination Antimicrobials (action, dynamics, and resistance), typing and identification of pathogens, fungi as agents of disease, Salmonella and E. coli in animal disease and public health. Pathogens transmitted by vectors such as Borrelia, those of endogenous origin such as Clostridium and Pasteurella and those able to spread widely such as Leptospira, Mycobacterium and Chlamydia. Fungal pathogens causing superficial, subcutaneous and systemic mycoses. Clinical Veterinary Microbiology is an essential resource for veterinary students, veterinary nurses, and veterinary practitioners worldwide, allowing them to quickly establish a foundation of knowledge of bacterial pathogens based on clear understanding gained from studies over recent decades.

Audit is now an essential aspect of health care provision. Increasingly, computers are becoming an integral part of the clinical audit function and this book provides an introduction to the principles of this application. It assumes to prior knowledge of either computing or audit, and avoids technical jargon. The book's focus on principles should give it international relevance.;Part one explains basic computing principles, hardware, operating systems and software packages including databases, spreadsheets, word processing, focusing on the types of data they should be used with. Part two deals with the application of computers to audit, leading to an overview of how to design and manage a computerized audi project. Small, intermediate and large systems are considered.;This book has been written for medical, nursing, para-medical and health service managerial staff who are involved in some form of audit.

Written by a team of practising GPs and CSA examiners, in collaboration with the recent CSA Role-Player Lead responsible for training and quality-assuring the work of the simulated patients in the exam, The CSA Exam: Maximizing your Success is a key resource for trainees and their trainers, in preparing for this component of the MRCGP assessment. Designed to help readers prepare and master the knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed to pass, it focuses on what is truly expected by examiners and demystifies all aspects of the exam. Giving insight into how candidates and trainers can maximize their potential, The CSA Exam: Maximizing your Success includes: Essential Learning Points, and Hints and Tips on Getting Started , The Consultation and On the Day Advice on applying an ethical approach to consultations and dealing with possible areas of concern A variety of cases, to help practise exam technique and to aid candidates in the creation of their own cases A companion website at www.wiley.com/go/Roberts/CSAExam featuring 18 video clips to accompany the written cases and marking schemes Taking an approach to preparation which looks at the candidate, simulated patients and the assessment itself, The CSA Exam: Maximizing your Success provides MRCGP candidates and GP trainers with an invaluable and unique resource for success in the exam.

When confronted by the concerns of human sexual function or dys function, American medicine finds itself well impaled on the horns of a dilemma. Currently it is acceptable medical practice to treat sexual dysfunctions, disorders, or dissatisfactions that arise from psy chogenic etiologies, endocrine imbalances, neurologic defects or are side effects of necessary medication regimes. In addition, implanta tion of penile prostheses in cases of organic impotence is an increas ingly popular surgical procedure. These clinical approaches to sexual inadequacies, accepted by medicine since 1970, represent one horn of the dilemma. The opposite horn pictures the medical profession firmly backed into a corner by cultural influences. For example, when hospital admissions occur, a significant portion of the routine medical history is the section on system review. A few questions are asked about the cardio-respiratory, the genito-urinary, and the gastro-intestinal sys tems. But in a preponderance of hospitals no questions are permitted or, if raised, answers are not recorded about human sexual functioning. Physicians tend to forget that they are victims of cultural imposition first and of professional training a distant second."

Over the past two decades increasing interest has emerged in the contribu tions that the social sciences might make to the epidemiological study of patterns of health and disease. Several reasons can be cited for this increasing interest. Primary among these has been the rise of the chronic, non-infectious diseases as important causes of morbidity and mortality within Western populations during the 20th century. Generally speaking, the chronic, non infectious diseases are strongly influenced by lifestyle variables, which are themselves strongly influenced by social and cultural forces. The under standing of the effects of the behavioral factors in, say, hypertension, thus requires an understanding of the social and cultural factors which encourage obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, non-compliance with anti-hypertensive medica tions (or other prescribed regimens), and stress. Equally, there is a growing awareness that considerations of human behavior and its social and cultural determinants are important for understanding the distribution and control of infectious diseases. Related to this expansion of epidemiologic interest into the behavioral realm 'has been the development of etiological models which focus on the psychological, biological and socio-cultural characteristics of hosts, rather than exclusive concern with exposure to a particular agent or even behavioral risk. Also during this period advances in statistical and computing techniques have made accessible the ready testing of multivariate causal models, and so have encouraged the measurement of the effects of social and cultural factors on disease occurrence."

Mental retardation in the United States is currently defined as " ... signif icantly subaverage general intellectual functioning existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior, and manifested during the development period" (Grossman, 1977). Of the estimated six million plus mentally retarded individuals in this country fully 75 to 85% are considered to be "func tionally" retarded (Edgerton, 1984). That is, they are mildly retarded persons with no evident organic etiology or demonstrable brain pathology. Despite the relatively recent addition of adaptive behavior as a factor in the definition of retardation, 1.0. still remains as the essential diagnostic criterion (Edgerton, 1984: 26). An 1.0. below 70 indicates subaverage functioning. However, even such an "objective" measure as 1.0. is prob lematic since a variety of data indicate quite clearly that cultural and social factors are at play in decisions about who is to be considered "retarded" (Edgerton, 1968; Kamin, 1974; Langness, 1982). Thus, it has been known for quite some time that there is a close relationship between socio-economic status and the prevalence of mild mental retardation: higher socio-economic groups have fewer mildly retarded persons than lower groups (Hurley, 1969). Similarly, it is clear that ethnic minorities in the United States - Blacks, Mexican-Americans, American Indians, Puerto Ricans, Hawaiians, and others - are disproportionately represented in the retarded population (Mercer, 1968; Ramey et ai., 1978)."

In the last few years there has been a great revival of interest in culture-bound psychiatric syndromes. A spate of new papers has been published on well known and less familiar syndromes, and there have been a number of attempts to put some order into the field of inquiry. In a review of the literature on culture-bound syndromes up to 1969 Yap made certain suggestions for organizing thinking about them which for the most part have not received general acceptance (see Carr, this volume, p. 199). Through the seventies new descriptive and conceptual work was scarce, but in the last few years books and papers discussing the field were authored or edited by Tseng and McDermott (1981), AI-Issa (1982), Friedman and Faguet (1982) and Murphy (1982). In 1983 Favazza summarized his understanding of the state of current thinking for the fourth edition of the Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, and a symposium on culture-bound syndromes was organized by Kenny for the Eighth International Congress of Anthropology and Ethnology. The strong est impression to emerge from all this recent work is that there is no substantive consensus, and that the very concept, "culture-bound syndrome" could well use some serious reconsideration. As the role of culture-specific beliefs and prac tices in all affliction has come to be increasingly recognized it has become less and less clear what sets the culture-bound syndromes apart."

This book concerns the use of the drug qat in North Yemen (Yemen Arab Republic), a country lying on the southwestern corner of the Arabian Peninsula. However, because this substance is so interwoven into the fabric of society and culture, it is also necessarily about Yemen itself. The history and culture of South Arabia are still relatively unknown to the rest of the world, and the drug qat, so widely used there, is equally unknown. Thus, the material we present here should be of interest to all of those concerned with drug use, those who wish to understand more about Yemen and the Middle East, and to the Yemenis themselves. Another purpose is to develop some general understandings about sub stance uses and their effects which are less clouded by the mass hysteria and political considerations which often obscure drug issues in our own society. Examination of drug-use patterns in a country where millions of people are users on a regular basis, and where there has been familiarity with the drug for several hundred years, offers an opportunity to achieve perspectives not possible in countries with different attitudes and without such histories. I am not sanguine about the prospects of our abilities to learn from others or from the past, but I do not think we should abandon hope of doing so."

It may be unnecessary to some to publish a text on sexuality in 1986 since the popular press speaks of the sexual revolution as if it were over and was possibly a mistake. Some people characterize society as too sexually obsessed, and there is an undercurrent of desire for a return to a supposedly simpler and happier time when sex was not openly dis cussed, displayed, taught or even, presumedly, contemplated. Indeed, we are experiencing something of a backlash against open sexuality and sexual liberation. For example, during the '60s and '70s tolerance of homosexual persons and homosexuality increased. Of late there has been a conservative backlash against gay-rights laws. Sexual intercourse before marriage, which had been considered healthy and good, has been, of late, characterized as promiscuous. In fact, numer ous articles have appeared about the growing popularity of sexual abstinence. There is a renewed vigor in the fight against sex education in the schools, and an 'anti-pornography' battle being waged by those on the right and those on the left who organize under the guise of such worthy goals as deterring child abuse and rape, but who are basically uncomfortable with diverse expressions of sexuality. One would hope that such trends, and the ignorance about sex and sexuality that they reflect, would not touch medical professionals. That Dr."

Medical students often feel they understand the theory behind the clinical aspect of medicine but seldom have enough chance to put what they learn into practice. In addition, clinical examinations pose a challenge to students who may be technically and theoretically excellent, but who have poor examination technique. It is quite common for students to lack understanding of how they will be marked, how much emphasis to place upon certain actions or how much detail is expected of them. 'OSCE CASES WITH MARK SCHEMES' is intended to fill this gap. It provides OSCE mark schemes to reflect the real OSCE experience, by encouraging self assessment when practicing the clinical scenarios. The book includes chapters on communication skills, medical ethics, explanation stations, paediatrics and obstetrics and gynaecology subjects which are sometimes neglected elsewhere. All four authors have taken part in medical student teaching and OSCE examinations. They understand what will earn marks in the actual exam. All the OSCE scenarios are from stations previously examined in the UK's top medical schools. This book prepares the student for what the actual finals exam will be like. CONTENTS: SECTION ONE, COMMUNICATION STATIONS - Presenting Complaints - Psychiatry History Taking - Pediatrics History Taking - Obstetrics History Taking - Gynaecology History Taking - Medical Ethics - Difficult Communication Scenarios - Pharmacology - Consenting - Explanation of Management and Results SECTION TWO, PERFORMANCE STATIONS - Examination Skills - Practical Skills - Data Interpretation - Closing Remarks