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Books > Earth & environment > Earth sciences > Geology & the lithosphere > Geochemistry

Complexation of trace metals in natural waters - Proceedings of the International Symposium, May 2-6 1983, Texel, The... Complexation of trace metals in natural waters - Proceedings of the International Symposium, May 2-6 1983, Texel, The Netherlands (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1984)
C. J. Kramer, J.C. Duinker
R4,400 Discovery Miles 44 000 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

It is presently well recognized that total concentrations of trace elements in any environmental compartment supply insufficient information to understand important phenomena. The distinction and separate analysis of specific chemical species are essential for understanding cycles in the aquatic environment, involving identification and quantification of sources, transport pathways, distributions and sinks, or, in the area of interactions between trace elements and organisms to understand uptake, distribution, excretion mechanisms and effects. In the past, various ways have been developed to determine the nature and extent of complexation of trace elements in natural systems. Approaches have been followed along very different lines. These have not always been fully appreciated by specialists working in even related fields of complexation research. The first International Symposium on the Complexation of Trace metals in Natural Waters was held at the Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ, Texel, the Netherlands from 2-6 May 1983. The scientific programme was planned by the chief organizers Drs. C.J.M. Kramer and J.C. Duinker (NIOZ) together with Prof. Dr. H.W. Nurnberg (Kernforschungsanlage, Julich, Federal Republic of Germany) and Dr. M. Branica (Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Yugoslavia).

Energy Dispersive Spectrometry of Common Rock Forming Minerals (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2004):... Energy Dispersive Spectrometry of Common Rock Forming Minerals (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2004)
Kenneth P Severin
R4,331 Discovery Miles 43 310 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

This book provides a very basic introduction to electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). It has the largest compiled collection of EDS spectra ever published and covers most common rock forming minerals. In addition, it provides a key to help the novice wade through the large number of spectra.

Heavy Metals in Soils - Trace Metals and Metalloids in Soils and their Bioavailability (Paperback, 3rd ed. 2013): Brian J.... Heavy Metals in Soils - Trace Metals and Metalloids in Soils and their Bioavailability (Paperback, 3rd ed. 2013)
Brian J. Alloway
R11,273 Discovery Miles 112 730 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

This third edition of the book has been completely re-written, providing a wider scope and enhanced coverage. It covers the general principles of the natural occurrence, pollution sources, chemical analysis, soil chemical behaviour and soil-plant-animal relationships of heavy metals and metalloids, followed by a detailed coverage of 21 individual elements, including: antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, gold, lead, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, silver, thallium, tin, tungsten, uranium, vanadium and zinc. The book is highly relevant for those involved in environmental science, soil science, geochemistry, agronomy, environmental health, and environmental engineering, including specialists responsible for the management and clean-up of contaminated land.

Superplumes: Beyond Plate Tectonics (Paperback, 2007 ed.): David A Yuen, Shigenori Maruyama, Shun-ichiro Karato, Brian, F.... Superplumes: Beyond Plate Tectonics (Paperback, 2007 ed.)
David A Yuen, Shigenori Maruyama, Shun-ichiro Karato, Brian, F. Windley
R4,433 Discovery Miles 44 330 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

This abundantly illustrated book provides a concise overview of our understanding of the entire mantle, its evolution since early differentiation and the consequences of superplumes for earth surface processes. The book's balanced authorship has produced a state-of-the-science report on the emerging concept of superplumes. This presents a new concept to explain catastrophic events on Earth through geologic time.

The Llobregat - The Story of a Polluted Mediterranean River (Paperback, 2012 ed.): Sergi Sabater, Antoni Ginebreda, Damia... The Llobregat - The Story of a Polluted Mediterranean River (Paperback, 2012 ed.)
Sergi Sabater, Antoni Ginebreda, Damia Barcelo
R5,605 Discovery Miles 56 050 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

The Llobregat belongs to the most thoroughly studied rivers in Europe and is a paradigm of the confluence of human and natural disturbances in a single basin. Because of its location in a very densely populated region and its Mediterranean character, the Llobregat supports a mixture of irregular flow, water abstraction, excess nutrients, mining debris, and a wide array of pollutants. The aquatic organisms strive to survive in a dramatically changing river that passes through a succession of dams, weirs and channels. The long-term river monitoring as well as the research that has been carried out in the river for a long time have provided an extensive knowledge of these disturbances and their effects on the biological communities. This book highlights the available information, with emphasis on the hydrological, chemical and biological elements interspersed in the river. Experts in the field discuss the main nutrient patterns and pollutant occurrence and the responses of the biological quality elements as well as the river ecosystem to the overall natural and man-made influences.

Quartz: Deposits, Mineralogy and Analytics (Paperback, 2012 ed.): Jens Goetze, Robert Moeckel Quartz: Deposits, Mineralogy and Analytics (Paperback, 2012 ed.)
Jens Goetze, Robert Moeckel
R4,372 Discovery Miles 43 720 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

The book will include contributions of the state of the art of quartz raw materials (deposits and properties) and their analytics. The chapters are presented by leading scientists in the quartz field. The presentations cover the main interrelations between genesis of quartz - formation of specific properties - analytics - industrial applications of SiO2 raw materials.

Lake Kivu - Limnology and biogeochemistry of a tropical great lake (Paperback, 2012 ed.): Jean-Pierre Descy, Francois... Lake Kivu - Limnology and biogeochemistry of a tropical great lake (Paperback, 2012 ed.)
Jean-Pierre Descy, Francois Darchambeau, Martin Schmid
R2,847 Discovery Miles 28 470 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

In the heart of Africa, a unique lake attracts the attention of scientists since the beginning of the 20th century. At the foot of the Virunga volcano chain, Lake Kivu harbors a vast amount of dissolved carbon dioxide and methane, making this lake the most dangerous lake on Earth. But the lake furnishes also many goods and services for surrounding populations and may soon become the most important energy supplier in the area. At the beginning of gas exploitation, the time has come for gathering the large amount of scientific information acquired during past and present research on Lake Kivu. The eleven chapters cover many aspects of the physics, geochemistry and biology of the lake, with a particular focus on the unique physical and geochemical features of the water column and on the ecological functioning of the surface waters. The impacts of the introduced fish species and the potential impacts of methane exploitation are also summarized. This multi-disciplinary book may also be used as an introduction to the limnology and biogeochemistry of large tropical lakes, as it covers various aspects of the physics, geochemistry, biology and ecology of the African Great Rift lakes.

Economic Geology of Natural Gas Hydrate (Paperback, 2006 ed.): Michael D. Max, Arthur H Johnson, William P. Dillon Economic Geology of Natural Gas Hydrate (Paperback, 2006 ed.)
Michael D. Max, Arthur H Johnson, William P. Dillon
R4,370 Discovery Miles 43 700 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

This book is a companion to "Natural Gas Hydrate in Oceanic and Permafrost Environments" (Max, 2000, 2003), which is the first book on gas hydrate in this series. Although other gases can naturally form clathrate hydrates (referred to after as 'hydrate'), we are concerned here only with hydrocarbon gases that form hydrates. The most important of these natural gases is methane. Whereas the first book is a general introduction to the subject of natural gas hydrate, this book focuses on the geology and geochemical controls of gas hydrate development and on gas extraction from naturally occurring hydrocarbon hydrates. This is the first broad treatment of gas hydrate as a natural resource within an economic geological framework. This book is written mainly to stand alone for brevity and to minimize duplication. Information in Max (2000; 2003) should also be consulted for completeness. Hydrate is a type of clathrate (Sloan, 1998) that is formed from a cage structure of water molecules in which gas molecules occupying void sites within the cages stabilize the structure through van der Waals or hydrogen bonding.

Isotopes of the Earth's Hydrosphere (Paperback, 2012 ed.): V.I. Ferronsky, V. A. Polyakov Isotopes of the Earth's Hydrosphere (Paperback, 2012 ed.)
V.I. Ferronsky, V. A. Polyakov
R5,679 Discovery Miles 56 790 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

This book covers the distribution, hydrochemistry and geophysics of the naturally occurring stable isotopes namely: hydrogen, oxygen and radioactive tritium, carbon and other cosmogenic and radiogenic isotopes of the uranium-thorium series, in the oceans and in atmosphere, the earth's surface and ground water. The use of environmental isotopes in the three main areas of natural waters is discussed: origin, dynamics and residence time in natural reservoirs. The origin of the hydrosphere is examined in the light of isotopic, new cosmochemical and recent theoretical results. The book will be of interest to scientists and researchers who use environmental isotopes in solving scientific and practical problems in hydrology, hydrogeology, oceanography, meteorology, hydrogeochemistry and cosmochemistry. Lecturers, students and postgraduates in these fields will also find it useful.

Soil-Subsurface Change - Chemical Pollutant Impacts (Paperback, 2012 ed.): Bruno Yaron, Ishai Dror, Brian Berkowitz Soil-Subsurface Change - Chemical Pollutant Impacts (Paperback, 2012 ed.)
Bruno Yaron, Ishai Dror, Brian Berkowitz
R4,373 Discovery Miles 43 730 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

This book combines soil science, earth science, and environmental geochemistry, providing comprehensive background information for specialists interested in chemical-induced changes in the soil-subsurface system. Readers are introduced to the chemistry of contaminants that often disturb the natural soil-subsurface equilibrium as a result of human activity. While the soil-subsurface system has in many cases been affected by human impact, the effects of chemical contaminants on the actual matrix and properties have been largely neglected. The major focus of the book is on changes to the soil-subsurface matrix and properties caused by chemical pollution. By integrating results available in the literature, we observe that chemical pollutants may lead to the irreversible formation of a new soil-subsurface regime characterized by a matrix and properties different than those of the natural regime. In contrast to the geological time scales dictating natural changes to the matrix and properties of the soil-subsurface system, the time scale associated with chemical pollutant-induced changes is far shorter and extends over a "human lifetime scale." The numerous examples presented in the book confirm that chemical contamination should be considered as an additional factor in the formation of a contemporary soil-subsurface regime that is different than that of the pristine system.

Transport Phenomena in Porous Media - Aspects of Micro/Macro Behaviour (Paperback, 2012 ed.): Yasuaki Ichikawa, A.P.S.... Transport Phenomena in Porous Media - Aspects of Micro/Macro Behaviour (Paperback, 2012 ed.)
Yasuaki Ichikawa, A.P.S. Selvadurai
R4,382 Discovery Miles 43 820 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

This monograph presents an integrated perspective of the wide range of phenomena and processes applicable to the study of transport of species in porous materials. In order to formulate the entire range of porous media and their uses, this book gives the basics of continuum mechanics, thermodynamics, seepage and consolidation and diffusion, including multiscale homogenization methods. The particular structure of the book has been chosen because it is essential to be aware of the true properties of porous materials particularly in terms of nano, micro and macro mechanisms. This book is of pedagogical and practical importance to the fields covered by civil, environmental, nuclear and petroleum engineering and also in chemical physics and geophysics as it relates to radioactive waste disposal, geotechnical engineering, mining and petroleum engineering and chemical engineering.

Introduction to Optical Mineralogy (Paperback, International ed): William D. Nesse Introduction to Optical Mineralogy (Paperback, International ed)
William D. Nesse
R941 Discovery Miles 9 410 Ships in 2 - 4 working days

The International Edition of Introduction to Optical Mineralogy provides comprehensive coverage of the optical properties of minerals. It describes in detail more than 125 common rock-forming minerals and a selection of ore minerals. Revised chapters on optical theory discuss the petrographic microscope, the nature and properties of light, the behaviour of light in isotropic and anisotropic materials, and uniaxial and biaxial anisotropic optics.

Radiogenic Isotopes in Geologic Processes (Paperback, 2010 ed.): Sergei V. Rasskazov, Sergei B. Brandt, Ivan S. Brandt Radiogenic Isotopes in Geologic Processes (Paperback, 2010 ed.)
Sergei V. Rasskazov, Sergei B. Brandt, Ivan S. Brandt
R2,881 Discovery Miles 28 810 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Do we actually understand geologic processes? New technology brings new inf- mation and perceptions, which sometimes overturn imaginations based on simple observation and estimation, in conjunction with common sense inference. In 1902- 1904,PierreCurieandErnestRutherford?rstformulatedtheideaofusingradioactive transformation of nuclides as a geologic chronometer. After a century of working with such tools, geology has advanced from a descriptive science to an analytic s- encethatformulatesconclusionsbasedonexactvalues.Thetechnologyofradiogenic isotope geology has created a branch of science that considers the Earth as a planet generated within a Solar system and studies the subsequent evolution of geologic processes that has resulted in the present formation of our planet's continents and oceans. The physicist Vitaly Ginsburg, Nobel Prize laureate, wrote recently: "If Kepler had been given information on orbital parameters of planets with modern precision, he would not have been able to formulate his laws". Indeed, after development of laws of celestial mechanics, methods of measurements became so advanced and such numerous secondary distortion effects were found that to describe an orbit of a cosmic body by a curve of the second order would appear impossible. But it does not mean that Kepler's laws are "cancelled"; they still occupy an honorable place in courses on celestial mechanics. A reasonable division into basic and secondary phenomena is accepted and the latter are entered as variations in the basic equations.

Tin (English, German, Paperback, 1978 ed.): John W. Price, R. Smith Tin (English, German, Paperback, 1978 ed.)
John W. Price, R. Smith
R2,891 Discovery Miles 28 910 Ships in 10 - 15 working days
Carbon Cycling in the Baltic Sea (Paperback, 2012 ed.): Karol Kulinski, Janusz Pempkowiak Carbon Cycling in the Baltic Sea (Paperback, 2012 ed.)
Karol Kulinski, Janusz Pempkowiak
R2,830 Discovery Miles 28 300 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

The Baltic Sea is an area extensively explored by the oceanographers. Hence it is one of the most often described marine areas in the scientific literature. However, there are still several fields which are poorly investigated and reported by scientists. One of them is the carbon cycle of the Baltic Sea. Although it is believed the shelf seas are responsible for about 20% of all marine carbon dioxide uptake, while they constitute only 7% of the whole sea surface, still a scientific debate exists on the role of the Baltic Sea in the global carbon cycle. "Carbon cycle of the Baltic Sea" is intended to be a comprehensive presentation and discussion of state of the art research by biogeochemists involved in the Baltic Sea carbon cycle research. This work presents both qualitative and quantitative descriptions of the main carbon flows in the Baltic Sea as well as their possible shifts induced by climatic and global change.

Carbon Sequestration in Agricultural Soils - A Multidisciplinary Approach to Innovative Methods (Paperback, 2012 ed.):... Carbon Sequestration in Agricultural Soils - A Multidisciplinary Approach to Innovative Methods (Paperback, 2012 ed.)
Alessandro Piccolo
R2,882 Discovery Miles 28 820 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

This compilation of techniques, methodologies and scientific data arises from a four-year Italian research project, which took place at university research stations in Turin, Piacenza, Naples and Potenza. Soil Organic Matter (SOM) represents an active and essential pool of the total organic carbon on the planet. Consequently, even small changes in this SOM carbon pool may have a significant impact on the concentration of atmospheric CO2. Recent new understanding of the chemical nature of SOM indicates that innovative and sustainable technologies may be applied to sequester carbon in agricultural soils. Overall results of the project have been applied to develop an innovative model for the prediction and description, both quantitatively and qualitatively, of carbon sequestration in agricultural soils. This book provides experts in different areas of soil science with a complete picture of the effects of new soil management methods and their potentials for practical application in farm management.

Polyfluorinated Chemicals and Transformation Products (Paperback): Thomas P. Knepper, Frank T. Lange Polyfluorinated Chemicals and Transformation Products (Paperback)
Thomas P. Knepper, Frank T. Lange
R5,546 Discovery Miles 55 460 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Due to their unparalleled effectiveness and efficiency, polyfluorinated chemicals (PFC") "have become essential in numerous technical applications. However, many PFCs brought to market show limited biodegradability, and their environmental persistence combined with toxic and bioaccumulative potential have become a matter of concern in some instances. This volume highlights the synthesis of PFCs, focusing on substances with improved application and environmental properties, which are a challenge for synthetic chemists. Further, modern mass spectrometric techniques for the detection and identification of biotransformation products of PFCs are described. The sorption and leaching behavior of PFC in soil is also addressed in order to predict their fate in the environment. Several contributions discuss the monitoring of PFCs in European surface, ground and drinking waters, treatment options for PFC removal from drinking water, occurrence in food, and the human biomonitoring of PFCs.

Field Screening Europe - Proceedings of the First International Conference on Strategies and Techniques for the Investigation... Field Screening Europe - Proceedings of the First International Conference on Strategies and Techniques for the Investigation and Monitoring of Contaminated Sites (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1997)
Johannes Gottlieb, Heinz Hoetzl, Karin Huck, Reinhard Niessner
R4,392 Discovery Miles 43 920 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

These Proceedings contain both oral and poster contributions to the first interna tional conference" Field Screening Europe - Strategies and Techniques for On-Site Investigation and Monitoring of Contaminated Soil, Water and Air," held in Karls ruhe September 29 - October 1, 1997. Environmental monitoring and the assessment of chemical contaminations are be coming more and more important. The integrated study of environmental con tamination in the field is a rather recent approach. "Field screening" indicates such field analytical tools, (quick) methods and strategies for on-site or in-situ environmental analysis and assessment of contamination. The classical strategy for investigating contaminants consists of the following steps: site studies, sampling, sample transport to the laboratory, sample preparation, and analysis. This strategy is rather expensive and time consuming. Some investiga tions, including sample preparation, may last several days. In many cases, the results must be available immediately and are of importance for further decisions. Field screening is an alternative or complement to this strategy that attempts to be cheaper and faster and may achieve the same quality of results. The most important argument for field analytical methods is that the superior accuracy and high costs of laboratory methods are disproportional to the possibility of arti facts from sampling and errors originating from spatial variations of contaminants."

Biogeochemical Methods of Prospecting / Biogeokhimicheskii Metod Poiskov Rudnykh Mestorozhdenii / (Paperback, Softcover reprint... Biogeochemical Methods of Prospecting / Biogeokhimicheskii Metod Poiskov Rudnykh Mestorozhdenii / (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1964)
Dmitrii Malyuga
R1,539 Discovery Miles 15 390 Ships in 10 - 15 working days
Sedimentary Organic Matter - Organic facies and palynofacies (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1995): R... Sedimentary Organic Matter - Organic facies and palynofacies (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1995)
R Tyson
R8,439 Discovery Miles 84 390 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

A sound understanding of the global carbon cycle requires an appreciation of the various physico-chemical and biological processes that determine the production, distribution, deposition and diagenesis of organic matter in the natural environment. This book is a comprehensive interdisciplinary synthesis of this information, coupled with an organic facies approach based on data from both microscopy and bulk organic geochemistry.

Soil Formation (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1998): Nico Van Breemen, Peter Buurman Soil Formation (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1998)
Nico Van Breemen, Peter Buurman
R1,549 Discovery Miles 15 490 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Soils form a unique and irreplaceable essential resource for all terrestrial organisms, including man. Soils form not only the very thin outer skin of the earth's crust that is exploited by plant roots for anchorage and supply of water and nutrients. Soils are complex natural bodies formed under the influence of plants, microorganisms and soil animals, water and air from their parent material, i.e. solid rock or unconsolidated sediments. Physically, chemically and mineralogically they usually differ strongly from the parent material, and normally are far more suitable as a rooting medium for plants. In addition to serving as a substrate for plant growth, including crops and pasture, soils play a dominant role in the biogeochemical cycling of water, carbon, nitrogen and other elements, influencing the chemical composition and turnover rates of substances in the atmosphere and the hydrosphere. Soils take decades to millennia to form. We tread on them and do not usually see their interior, so we tend to take them for granted. But improper and abusive agricultural management, careless land- clearing and reclamation, man-induced erosion, salinisation and acidification, desertification, air- and water pollution, and withdrawal of land for housing, industry and transportation now destroy soils more rapidly than they can be formed.

Chemical Transport in Metasomatic Processes (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1987): Harold C. Helgeson Chemical Transport in Metasomatic Processes (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1987)
Harold C. Helgeson
R1,673 Discovery Miles 16 730 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

As indicated on the title page, this book is an outgrowth of the NATO Advanced Study Institute (ASI) on Chemical Transport in Metasomatic Processes, which was held in Greece, June 3-16, 1985. The ASI consisted of five days of invited lectures, poster sessions, and discussion at the Club Poseidon near Loutraki, Corinthia, followed by a two-day field trip in Corinthia and Attica. The second week of the ASI consisted of an excursion aboard M/S Zeus, M/Y Dimitrios II, and the M/S Irini to four of the Cycladic Islands to visit, study, and sample outstanding exposures of metasomatic activity on Syros, Siphnos, Seriphos, and Naxos. Nine teen invited lectures and 10 session chairmen/discussion leaders participated in the ASI, which was attended by a total of 92 professional scientists and graduate stu dents from 15 countries. Seventeen of the invited lectures and the Field Excursion Guide are included in this volume, together with 10 papers and six abstracts representing contributed poster sessions. Although more than two years has elapsed since the ASI, all of the papers in this volume are up to date, and each has benefited from stimulating discussion, critical comment, and scientific interaction, both at the ASI and in the subsequent peer review process. The scientific emphasis of the ASI focused initially on upper mantle metasoma tism and crust/mantle interaction. Isotopic evidence was presented indicating that upper mantle peridotites have undergone nonequilibrium metasomatic exchange with an external oxygen-bearing fluid."

The Inaccessible Earth - An integrated view to its structure and composition (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st... The Inaccessible Earth - An integrated view to its structure and composition (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1993)
Geoffrey Brown
R1,542 Discovery Miles 15 420 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

In the dozen years since the first edition appeared, there has been a great advance in understanding of the Earth's deep interior. This is not because there have been breakthroughs in understanding, or even many changes of ideas, but largely because of many small advances, often the result of improved tech niques. This has led to a complete revision of the book. For instance, we have a much better idea of how the cloud of gas that formed the Solar Nebula evolved into the Sun and the planets, and of the chemical processes that accompanied its evolution and determined the mix of elements in the Earth. We have a better understanding of convection and how plates are an essential part of it, and how it is accompanied by chemical processes that have extracted the materials to build continents. Although the major variation within the Earth is radial, improved geophysical and geochemical techniques have made progress in investigating and under standing the lateral heterogeneities, and it is encouraging that when geochemists and geophysicists talk about lateral heterogeneities they can sometimes be referring to the same thing. Plumes have become very fashionable as the cause of hot-spot magmatism and associated geochemical anomalies, probably origi nating at the base of the mantle (though clear evidence for their existence is lacking)."

Advanced Mineralogy - Volume 3: Mineral Matter in Space, Mantle, Ocean Floor, Biosphere, Environmental Management, and Jewelry... Advanced Mineralogy - Volume 3: Mineral Matter in Space, Mantle, Ocean Floor, Biosphere, Environmental Management, and Jewelry (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1998)
Arnold S Marfunin
R5,628 Discovery Miles 56 280 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

This volume of Advanced Mineralogy encompasses six different areas having two features in common: they are related to one of the largest enterprises of the second half of this century; and represent the ultimate and final extension of the concept of mineral matter. - Understanding mineral matter in Space is one of the principal purposes of cosmic exploration. This includes the results of compa rative planetology, lunar epopee, sophisticated meteorite studies (now more than 500 meteorite minerals), discovery of the interstellar mineral dust forming some 60 trillion of earth masses in the Galaxy, and terrestrial impact crater studies. It is possible now to speak of mineralogy of the Universum, and the mineralogical type of the states of matter in the Universe. Direct samples of mantle xenoliths and ultrahigh pressure-tem perature experiments make it possible to consider the mineral ogical composition of the Earth as a whole, including the upper an lower mantle and the Earth's core. Deep ocean drilling programs, a scientific fleet of hundreds of vessels and several submersibles have brought about great dis coveries in the geology, metalogeny, and mineralogy of the ocean floor the largest part of the Earth's surface, in particular revealing new genetic, crystallochemical, and ore types of min eral formation."

Organic geochemistry of natural waters (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1985): E. M. Thurman Organic geochemistry of natural waters (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1985)
E. M. Thurman
R2,937 Discovery Miles 29 370 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

This book is written as a reference on organic substances in natural waters and as a supplementary text for graduate students in water chemistry. The chapters address five topics: amount, origin, nature, geochemistry, and characterization of organic carbon. Of these topics, the main themes are the amount and nature of dissolved organic carbon in natural waters (mainly fresh water, although seawater is briefly discussed). It is hoped that the reader is familiar with organic chemistry, but it is not necessary. The first part of the book is a general overview of the amount and general nature of dissolved organic carbon. Over the past 10 years there has been an exponential increase in knowledge on organic substances in water, which is the result of money directed toward the research of organic compounds, of new methods of analysis (such as gas chromatography and mass spectrometry), and most importantly, the result of more people working in this field. Because of this exponential increase in knowledge, there is a need to pull together and summarize the data that has accumulated from many disciplines over the last decade.

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