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Books > Earth & environment > Geography
This book presents the polycentric and multiscale view of landscape
which has been developed in Russia within a framework of physical
geography since the early twentieth century. The authors develop
the ideas of hierarchical organization of a landscape and strong
relationships between abiotic and biotic components with equal
attention to both vertical fluxes and lateral transfer.
Three-dimensional representation of landscape involves strong
emphasis on abiotic drivers of pattern development including
relief, geological structures and runoff. The objective of this
book is to demonstrate the multiplicity of models and multiscale
approach to description and explanation of landscape pattern,
functioning, dynamics, and evolution. The contributions deal with
various hierarchical levels ranging from within-unit interior
variability to between-units interaction at landscape level, as
well as regional and supra-regional zonal patterns. Divided into 8
clear parts, the 28 chapters treat spatial pattern in one of the
following aspects: indicator of actual matter and energy flows
control over actual processes including disturbance expansion as
well as determinant of future development indicator of genesis and
prerequisite for future trends driver for short-term dynamics of
processes response to climatic and anthropogenic influences factor
of settlement network and land use adaptation at various historical
epochs framework for actual land use spatial arrangement. This
contributed volume is written for researchers and students in the
field of landscape ecology, physical geography, environmental
impact assessment, and ecological planning.
This new textbook and lab manual on remote sensing and digital
image processing of natural resources includes numerous practical,
problem-solving exercises, and case studies that use the free and
open-source platform R. It explains the basic concepts of remote
sensing and its multidisciplinary applications using R language and
R packages, and engages students in learning theory through
hands-on real-life projects. Features 1. Aims to expand theoretical
approaches of remote sensing and digital image processing through
multidisciplinary applications using R and R packages. 2. Engages
students in learning theory through hands-on real-life projects. 3.
All chapters are structured with solved exercises and homework and
encourages readers to understand the potential and the limitations
of the environments. 4. Covers data analysis in free and
open-source (FOSS) R platform, which makes remote sensing
accessible to anyone with a computer. 5. Explores current trends
and developments in remote sensing in homework assignments with
data to further explore the use of free multispectral remote
sensing data, including very high spatial resolution information.
Students in upper-level undergraduate or graduate programs with
Remote Sensing Course and Geoprocessing Course, civil and
environmental engineering, geosciences, and environmental sciences,
electrical engineering, biology, hydrology, agriculture
Engineering. Professionals in different areas who use remote
sensing and image processing. Students in upper-level undergraduate
or graduate programs taking courses in Remote Sensing and
Geoprocessing, civil and environmental engineering, geosciences,
and environmental sciences, electrical engineering, biology,
hydrology, agricultural engineering, as well as professionals in
different areas who use remote sensing and image processing, will
gain a deeper understanding and first-hand experience with remote
sensing and digital processing, with a learn-by-doing methodology
using applicable examples in natural resources. .
This series, originally published between 1990 and 1994 arose out
of the increasing need for the international debate and
dissemination of on-going empirical and theoretical research
associated with rural areas in advanced societies. Rural areas,
then, as now, their residents and agencies, are facing rapid
social, economic and political change. Local, national and
international political forces have direct influence upon rural
areas, not only for those concerned with agriculture but also
regarding rural development initiatives, overall economic and
social policy and regional and fiscal arrangements. The volumes are
designed to appeal to a wide audience associated with international
comparative research. They provide reviews of research available at
the original time of publication, taking as their focus one major
theme per volume.
Today, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have a
pervasive presence in almost every aspect of the management of
water. There is no question that the collection of big data from
sensing and the insights gained by smart analytics can bring
massive benefits. This book focuses on new perspectives for the
monitoring, assessment and control of water systems, based on tools
and concepts originating from the ICT sector. It presents a
portrait of up-to-date sensing techniques for water, and introduces
concepts and implications with the analysis of the acquired data.
Particular attention is given to the advancements in developing
novel devices and data processing approaches. The chapters guide
the reader through multiple disciplinary contexts, without aiming
to be exhaustive, but with the effort to present relevant topics in
such a highly multi-disciplinary framework. This book will be of
interest to advanced students, researchers and stakeholders at
various levels.
Recent work in the mobilities literature has highlighted the
importance of thinking about mobility and immobility as a
continuum, where movement intersects with processes that might
entail episodes of transition, waiting, emptiness, and fixity. This
focus on stillness, things that are stuck, incomplete or in a state
of transition can point to new theoretical, methodological and
practical dimensions in social studies of medicine. This edited
volume brings the concept of immobility to the forefront of social
studies of medicine to explore how immobility shapes processes of
medical care and the theoretical and methodological challenges of
studying immobility in medical contexts. The authors in this volume
draw from a wide range of case studies across the globe to make
contributions to our current understanding of health, illness and
medicine, mobilities and immobilities. Chapter 2 "Lists in Flux,
Lives on Hold? Technologies of Waiting in Liver Transplant
Medicine" is available open access under a Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
The subject of tropical cyclones in Southern Africa, also known as
hurricanes or typhoons in other regions of the world, has been
growing over the past few decades. However, there is still limited
literature on foundational and fundamental topics on the matter. To
this end, this book addresses this gap, citing some examples from
both historic and recent tropical cyclones. The book presents
meteorological and climatic aspects of tropical cyclones, including
reviews on forecasting, warning message dissemination and public
response aspects of early warning systems with a focus on the
Tropical Cyclones Idai and Kenneth. Fundamentals in disaster risk
reduction (DRR) are also discussed moving from the provisions of
the Hyogo Framework for Action (2005-2015), to the Sendai Framework
for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015-2030). Climate change issues are
central to the publication, as well as the role of information and
communication technologies in DRR and management. The book also
tackles some challenges and opportunities associated with the
implementation of regional legal and institutional frameworks on
DRR. The book comes as part of a series with three volumes. The
other volumes include "Cyclones in Southern Africa Vol. 1:
Interfacing the Catastrophic Impact of Cyclone Idai with SDGs in
Zimbabwe" and "Cyclones in Southern Africa Vol 3: Implications for
the Sustainable Development Goals". To this end, this book is
suitable as a read for several professionals and disciplines such
as tourism and hospitality studies, economics, sustainable
development, development studies, environmental sciences, arts,
geography, life sciences, politics, planning and public health.
This book focuses on monitoring and assessing various environmental
processes in Tunisia using state-of-the-art remote sensing and GIS
technologies. In addition to addressing the diversity of Tunisian
landscapes and providing spatial analysis of natural, cultivated
and urbanized environments. It presents and discusses several case
studies on integrated RS / GIS approaches for mapping, modeling,
monitoring and evaluation. Moreover, in this volume authored by
experts in the topic from Tunisia and other countries, authors
assess the agro-environmental applications from Tunisia and offer
different methods and applications to environmental processes and
risks including drought, degradation, flood, planning, Yield
estimation, dust storm detection, dry land vulnerability, wetland
dynamics and others. The material presented here will help
decision-makers plan sustainable landscape and agricultural
management policies that preserve biodiversity and contribute to
achieving sustainability goals and for researchers, it will expose
methodological approaches used in different fields of research.
Graduate students and Practionioner engineers working in the field
of RS/GIS will also benefit from the book. The book ends with a set
of conclusions and recommendations to support researchers
underscoring the need for further research in this area.
In the last decade there has been a phenomenal growth in interest
in crime pattern analysis. Geographic information systems are now
widely used in urban police agencies throughout industrial nations.
With this, scholarly interest in understanding crime patterns has
grown considerably. ""Artificial Crime Analysis Systems: Using
Computer Simulations and Geographic Information Systems"" discusses
leading research on the use of computer simulation of crime
patterns to reveal hidden processes of urban crimes, taking an
interdisciplinary approach by combining criminology, computer
simulation, and geographic information systems into one
comprehensive resource.
other books have focused on environmental injustice in the U.S.
South, no single volume has examined such issues and problems in
Florida at the metropolitan scale. This book is a compilation of
original empirical research on the nexus between the environmental
and social inequalities in Tampa Bay, Florida's fastest growing
metropolitan area. Systematic research about spatial and
environmental justice are largely absent from the rich
historiography of Florida, especially the Tampa Bay metropolitan
area of southwest Florida. Recent empirical evidence suggests that
environmental justice is a real and emergent problem within Tampa
Bay afflicting many deprived communities and socially excluded
groups. Moreover, certain communities are not only unevenly exposed
to environmental risks, but are also disproportionately vulnerable
to their many adverse health effects. Our book thus fills a
critical need to explore both the causes and consequences of
environmental injustice in Tampa Bay. This book combines the latest
theoretical insights on spatial and environmental justice with
empirical case studies which examine racial/ethnic and
socioeconomic inequities associated with various undesirable land
uses and pollution sources in Hillsborough County, Tampa Bay's
largest population and economic center. The book offers a
progressive approach to a more long-term, comprehensive examination
of a rapidly emerging field of study that provides academic
scholars and decision-makers with new perspectives on a variety of
environmental and social challenges confronting metropolitan
Florida in the 21st century. It could offer guidance to
metropolitan policy makers and planners, especially public health
professionals, social welfare providers, infrastructure developers,
emergency responders, and community activists. For this reason,
this book should also be of interest to business associations,
environmental groups, and members of the general public.
This book brings readers the first scientific publication, using a
mixed-method approach, on the internal migration dynamics regarding
disease ecologies of informality and the interactions between
social capital, lifestyles, health literacy, and health outcomes in
the context of informal settlements in two developing countries -
Ghana and Uganda. Through the prism of the concepts of place and
scale, the book demonstrates the myriad of ways by which place or
context directly and indirectly influence migrant's health
knowledge, literacy, and outcomes in poor urban slums. Readers will
learn about the multi-faceted linkages between social capital,
acculturation, and health in places of deprivation via quantitative
methods (e.g. surveys) and qualitative methods such as focus group
discussions, in-depth interviews, concept mapping, and body health
mapping. Chapters 1-2 provide an overview of internal migration
into urban slums of Ghana and Uganda, and discuss the intersections
between migration, social capital, and health in a global context.
Chapters 3-7 address disease patterns, environmental risks to
health, health literacy of migrants, social capital and
acculturation, and social capital and health. The book will be of
interest to professors and students, as well as policy makers in
low to middle income countries for planning targeted interventions.
When American explorers crossed the Texas Panhandle, they dubbed it
part of the ""Great American Desert."" A ""sea of grass,"" the
llano appeared empty, flat, and barely habitable. Contemporary
developments - cell phone towers, oil rigs, and wind turbines -
have only added to this stereotype. Yet in this lyrical ecomemoir,
Shelley Armitage charts a unique rediscovery of the largely unknown
land, a journey at once deeply personal and far-reaching in its
exploration of the connections between memory, spirit, and place.
Armitage begins her narrative with the intention to walk the llano
from her family farm thirty meandering miles along the Middle
Alamosa Creek to the Canadian River. Along the way, she seeks the
connection between her father and one of the area's first settlers,
Ysabel Gurule, who built his dugout on the banks of the Canadian.
Armitage, who grew up nearby in the small town of Vega, finds this
act of walking inseparable from the act of listening and writing.
""What does the land say to us?"" she asks as she witnesses human
alterations to the landscape - perhaps most catastrophic the
continued drainage of the land's most precious resource, the
Ogallala Aquifer. Yet the llano's wonders persist: dynamic mesas
and canyons, vast flora and fauna, diverse wildlife, rich
histories. Armitage recovers the voices of ancient, Native, and
Hispano peoples, their stories interwoven with her own: her
father's legacy, her mother's decline, a brother's love. The llano
holds not only the beauty of ecological surprises but a renewed
realization of kinship in a world ever changing. Reminiscent of the
work of Terry Tempest Williams and John McPhee, Walking the Llano
is both a celebration of an oft-overlooked region and a soaring
testimony to the power of the landscape to draw us into greater
understanding of ourselves and others by experiencing a deeper
connection with the places we inhabit.
This open access book reframes sustainable energy transitions as
being a matter of resolving accountability crises. It demonstrates
how the empirical study of several practices of legitimation can
analytically deconstruct energy transitions, and presents a
typology of these practices to help determine whether energy
transitions contribute to sustainability. The real-world challenge
of climate change requires sustainable energy transitions. This
presents a crisis of accountability legitimated through situated
practices in a wide range of cases including: solar energy
transitions in Portugal, urban energy transitions in Germany,
forestland conflicts in Indonesia, urban carbon emission targets in
Norway, transport electrification in the Nordic region, and
biodiversity conservation and energy extraction in the USA. By
synthesising these cases, chapters identify various dimensions
wherein practices of legitimation construct specific accountability
relations. This book deftly illustrates the value of an analytical
approach focused on accountable governance to enable sustainable
energy transitions. It will be of great use to both academics and
practitioners working in the field of energy transitions.
Puzzled by Welsh place names - but want to know what they mean and
how to say them? Look no further. This is an exciting full colour
pocket guide, "Understanding Welsh Place Names: What They Mean and
How to Say Them", from outdoor specialists Northern Eye Books. This
innovative yet carefully thought out guide means non-Welsh speakers
can now easily translate and understand place names all over Wales
- on the map, on road signs, and out in the countryside. Written by
native Welsh speaker, Gwili Gog, the book contains not only a
comprehensive gazetteer of place names arranged county by modern
county - with an authoritative explanation of what each name means
- but also a potted history of the Welsh language, a quick look at
pronunciation, and a photographic exploration of place names in the
landscape, as well as key words accompanied by phonetic
explanations of how to pronounce them. But perhaps the most notable
element of this book is its themed approach to the ideas and
beliefs that lie at the heart of the Welsh language.Separate
illustrated text boxes on each double page spread explore more than
thirty central topics such as Hills and Mountains; Ancient Animals;
Colours in the Countryside; Fords, Ferries and Bridges; Holy Wells;
Inns and Taverns; and Funny Place Names. Armed with this insider
knowledge, visitors will discover there's a whole unexplored new
dimension to the Welsh landscape. In fact, for readers, Wales will
never be quite the same again.
Exploring some of the ways in which repair practices and
perceptions of brokenness vary culturally, Repair, Brokenness,
Breakthrough argues that repair is both a process and also a
consequence which is sought out-an attempt to extend the life of
things as well as an answer to failures, gaps, wrongdoings, and
leftovers. This volume develops an open-ended combination of
empirical and theoretical questions including: What does it mean to
claim that something is broken? At what point is something broken
repairable? What are the social relationships that take place
around repair? And how much tolerance for failure do our societies
have?
Established in 1905, The Forest Service is steeped in history,
conflict, strong personalities (including Theodore Roosevelt and
Gifford Pinchot), and the challenges of managing 193 million acres
of national forests and grasslands. This unique federal agency is
one that combines forest management with wildlife, fish,
recreation, mining, grazing, and hundreds of other uses. It
operates in the midst of controversy and change. The original
intent was to protect the public forests, protect the water
supplies, and, when appropriate, provide timber. Much has changed
over the last 100 years including many new laws, but the fact that
these lands are still fought over today shows the foresight of
politicians, foresters, scientists, and communities. This work
brings to light the many and varied activities of the agency that
many people know little about in a world that is constantly
changing. Written by a former Forest Service national historian,
topics discussed in the work include wilderness and the Wilderness
Act of 1964, recreation battles and interagency rivalry with the
National Park Service, timber management including clearcutting,
ecosystem management, roadless area and controversies over RARE and
RARE II studies, fish and wildlife management including endangered
species before and after the Endangered Species Act of 1973, and
mining and the General Mining Act of 1872. It also discusses the
future challenges: forest fires, water protection and restoration,
recreation, involving the public, and fish and wildlife.
This book examines place and place-making in London's Borough
Market. In particular, it uses topo/graphy ('place-writing) to
interrogate the ways in which Borough Market's material,
social-sensual and discursive relations assemble to reproduce
Borough Market as a place, market and marketplace. Its central
premise is that market-processes - the negotiation and exchange of
commodities -are place-processes. This means that the
often-abstract relationships that ultimately define what we think
of as the economy are embedded in the rich and every materiality,
sociality, sensuality and meanings associated with place. By
tracing out these different elements, topo/graphy illustrates the
ways in which economic reproduction is grounded in particular and
often discrete practices. However, by assembling them together,
this highlights the ways in which place and place-making are the
driving force behind the economy at large.
Clothes are inherently geographical objects, yet few of us consider
the social and economic significance of their journey from design
to production to consumption. The Geographies of Fashion is the
first in-depth study of fashion economies from a geographer's
perspective, exploring the complex relationship between our
attachment to the clothes we own, love and desire, and their
geographic and economic ties. How far does a garment physically
travel from factory to wardrobe? How do clothes come to have social
or economic value and who or what creates it? What are the
geographies of fashion and how do they interact with one another?
This ground-breaking book powerfully reframes fashion spaces, from
the body to the city, digital or virtual space to material
production, positioning fashion at the centre of contemporary
culture and collective identities. Combining contemporary
theoretical approaches with a cutting-edge analysis of
international fashion brands and institutions including Maison
Martin Margiela, Zara, Louis Vuitton, ASOS and Savile Row, The
Geographies of Fashion is essential reading for students of
fashion, geography and related disciplines including sociology,
architecture and design.
Discover the truth about ENDURANCE in this superb true story of
adventure, shipwreck, storms and survival on the high seas. 'Superb
... the greatest survival story of all time' Sir Chris Bonington
'One of the most remarkable tales of human courage and
determination. The story is gripping and the book is a classic' Sir
Ranulph Fiennes ENDURANCE is the story of one of the most
astonishing feats of exploration and human courage ever recorded.
In 1914 Sir Ernest Shackleton and a crew of 27 men set sail for the
South Atlantic on board a ship called the Endurance. The object of
the expedition was to cross the Antarctic overland. In October
1915, still half a continent away from their intended base, the
ship was trapped, then crushed in ice. For five months Shackleton
and his men, drifting on ice packs, were castaways on one of the
most savage regions of the world. This utterly gripping book, based
on first-hand accounts of crew members and interviews with
survivors, describes how the men survived, how they lived together
in camps on the ice for 17 months until they reached land, how they
were attacked by sea leopards, the diseases which they developed,
and the indefatigability of the men and their lasting civility
towards one another in the most adverse conditions conceivable.
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