This book explores medical nonadherence to treatment and management of psychiatric disorders across the lifespan. Leading experts in the field, specializing in a range of mental health problems describe the impact of nonadherence in the treatment of children, adolescents, transition age youths, adults, and older adults. The book eloquently articulates the key elements of effective physicians and offers clinical pearls on professionalism, empathy, and the doctor-patient relationship-a key component to solving treatment nonadherence. This volume focuses on solutions for improved clinical outcomes, including communication skills, empathy and building trust, motivational interviewing techniques and the use of technology. Psychiatric Nonadherence is an excellent resource for all clinicians who care for individuals with psychiatric illness. This timely reference will provide guidance to enhance effective treatment adherence for a wide array of medical practitioners, including child and adolescent, adult forensic, and geriatric psychiatrists, addiction medicine specialists, primary care physicians, psychologists and nurses.

The lipids of cellular membranes not only serve roles in controlling the structure and fluidity of the membrane, but are increasingly recognized for their roles as signalling molecules and modifiers of membrane protein function. Recent studies described in this volume reveal striking changes in membrane lipids during aging and in age-related diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease and neurodegenerative disorders. Lipids including inositol phospholipids, cholesterol, sphingolipids and ceramides play important roles in signalling cellular responses to stress and specific stimuli such as growth factors, cytokines and neurotransmitters. One or more of these lipid mediators has been linked to the pathogenesis of age-related diseases.

This book provides a comprehensive review of specific membrane lipid mediators and their roles in aging and age-related disease.

Part of the What Do I Do Now? Psychiatry series, Geriatric Psychiatry offers comprehensive expertise for clinicians seeking answers for how to manage complex situations in geriatric psychiatry, with a focus on individuals with Alzheimer's disease and other neurocognitive disorders. This volume addresses conditions common to all psychiatric settings as well as features that must be factored into diagnosis and treatment in later life for anxiety, depression, psychosis, apathy, and agitation. Chapters feature brief clinical case vignettes and further resources for topics in neurocognitive disorders, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, psychotic disorders, and substance use in elderly patients. An authoritative guide for clinicians facing an aging population, Geriatric Psychiatry provides clear answers to some of the most complex situations in geriatric psychiatric care.

This issue of Dental Clinics, edited by Lisa A. Thompson and Leonard J. Brennan, focuses on Geriatric Dentistry. Articles include: Our Current Geriatric Population: Demographic and Oral Health Care Utilization; Physiology of Aging of Older Adults: Systemic and Oral Health Considerations; Treatment Planning Considerations in Older Adults; Oral Health Disparity in Older Adults: Dental Decay and Tooth Loss; Oral Health Disparities in Older Adults: Oral bacteria, Inflammation and Aspiration Pneumonia; Salivary Function and Xerostomia and the Implications of Polypharmacy in Elderly; Systemic and Oral Health; Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults and Oral Health considerations: Treatment and Management; Integrating Oral Health into the Interdisciplinary Health Sciences Curriculum; Innovations in Dental Care Delivery for the Older Adult; and more!

The sixth volume of the Handbook is devoted to topics related to aging and dementia. The volume is introduced by two chapters dealing with age-related cognitive and neurobiological alterations in animals, including a detailed review of data obtained with transgenic and knockout technology. The next chapter reviews the cognitive changes associated with normal aging. The gamut of symptoms that occur in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are then described and analyzed, they include effects on attention, language, memory, non-verbal functions with emphasis on spatial abilities, olfaction and the motor system. The discussion of dementia syndromes is presented in two sections. The first concerns AD, which is discussed from the points of view of epidemiology, neuropathology and neurochemistry and concludes with a review of current and future treatments. The other section deals with non-AD dementias including Fronto-temporal and Lewy body dementias and specific conditions such as Parkinson's and Huntington's disease, as well as HIV infection. The volume includes a review of brain imaging and cerebral metabolism findings in aging and dementia. The final chapters review the relations between culture and dementia and the special syndrome of severe dementia.

As the Baby Boomers age, concerns over healthcare systems' abilities to accommodate geriatric patients grow increasingly challenging. This is especially true with the population deemed to be "the oldest of the old," specifically those over the age of 85. Unlike any other time in history, this demographic is the fastest growing segment of most developed countries. In the United States the oldest old is projected to double from 4.3 million to 9.6 million by 2030. The increased life expectancy of the population since the early 1900s has been built on the improvement of living conditions, diet, public health and advancement in medical care. With this we have seen a steady decline in the age-specific prevalence of vascular and heart diseases, stroke and even dementia. Older persons are healthier today than their counterparts decades ago. More importantly than in any other age group, the care of the oldest old must be individualized; management decisions should be made taking into consideration the older persons' expressed wishes, quality of life, function and mental capacity. The inevitable consequence is that there will be an increase in the prevalence of older persons with chronic diseases, multiple co-existing pathologies and neuro-degenerative diseases. The oldest of the aging population are often excluded from drug trials and their treatments are largely based on findings extrapolated from that of the younger old. Furthermore, among the oldest old, physiologically they are more diverse than other segments of the population. Their demographic characteristics are unparalleled and different compared to that of the younger old. Several studies have drawn attention to the differing attitudes among health professionals towards elderly people and many show prejudice because they are old. As a result, the use of age as a criteria in determining the appropriateness of treatment is of very limited validity, yet there are limited resources that guide physicians through these challenges. This book creates a greater awareness of these challenges and offers practical guidelines for working within the infrastructures vital to this demographic. This book is designed for geriatricians, primary care physicians, junior medical officers, specialty geriatrics nurses, and gerontologists. It is divided into 3 sections: General Considerations, Chronic diseases and Geriatric Syndromes. Each chapter provides a summary of important and essential information under the heading of Key Points. Case studies are included in some of the chapters to highlight the principles of management.

This book, part of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) textbook series, provides detailed up-to-date information on the care of the critical ill very old ( 80 years) patients in the ICU. The very old are expanding fast in our populations, and this is mirrored in our hospitals and ICUs as well. During the last decade, a lot more information about the group of critical ill elderly has been published, and several large networks cooperate in performing multinational studies in this field, one of them with roots in the ESICM. This book will give readers knowledge about the current epidemiology of elderly ICU patients, in patients centered outcomes and factors affecting these outcomes. A large part is devoted to age related changes in vital organ functions, and the specific geriatric "syndromes" like frailty, cognitive decline, reduced activity of daily living, sarcopenia and immunosenecence. This is all important for the practicing intensivists to know about. In addition, specific groups of the elderly in the ICU are also described like the elderly patients with trauma or sepsis. The book is written jointly by intensivists and geriatricians, often working in teams and originating from many different countries. This herald a new era in the collaboration between these two groups in order to improve care and rehabilitation. We have a lot to learn from each other, as both groups have a holistic view of our patients although with different perspectives. This book should be of value for all working in adult ICUs, physicians as well as nurses. It will hopefully lead to a better understanding of the particular challenges posed by this important sub-group of ICU patients and how to manage his group in a way that combine respect for life as well as death and includes patients and caregivers in this process.

Ein Grossteil der chronischen Erkrankungen und deren Risikofaktoren kann durch persoenliches Verhalten, also durch den Lebensstil vermieden bzw. verhindert und insbesondere deren Progredienz minimiert werden. Aus unzahligen weltweit durchgefuhrten epidemiologischen Studien ist erwiesen, dass regelmassige koerperliche Aktivitat, eine entsprechende Ernahrung sowie soziale Eingebundenheit und damit Lebenszufriedenheit Schlusselfaktoren fur Lebensqualitat und Langlebigkeit sind. Das Buch geht diesem Phanomen auf den Grund und zeigt auf, welche gesundheitspolitischen Massnahmen sich im Kampf gegen eine Pflegebedurftigkeit im Alter bewahren. Denn durch gesundheitsfoerdernde, praventive und rehabilitative Massnahmen kann die Selbstandigkeit von alteren Menschen erhalten, gefoerdert oder sogar wiedergewonnen werden. Wesentliche Forderungen sind dabei eine strukturell, personell, finanziell und ausbildungstechnische Pflegereform und der flachendeckende Einsatz von anderen innovativen Werkzeugen, wie etwa Pflegekompetenzzentren und der Best Agers Bonus-Pass.

Most of the people receiving physiotherapy are middle-aged or older, thus it is important for all physiotherapists to acquire the knowledge and skills particular to working with older people. The role of the physiotherapist is not restricted to reducing disability, but also encompasses the promotion of positive health, and Barrie Pickles and colleagues have taken the innovative approach of combining both of these aspects in this research-based, comprehensive textbook. Written by an international team of experts, the text is divided into the following sections: Background to Aging The Aging Process Working with Older People Management of Impairments and Disabilities Handicaps of Aging Integrated Case Management Future Directions Within these broad areas, the authors provide a thorough and readable introduction to the many complex and challenging issues that form part of or influence health care and health education for the older adult, including: Posture and gait Communication Motor learning Health promotion programs Specific clinical problems, such as pain, stroke and incontinence The book is written from a global perspective, the link between theory and practice is made both within each individual chapter and by means of helpful case studies. Students will find this attractively presented text a stimulating introduction to the theoretical background and principles of physiotherapy, practice older people.Multiauthored by an international team of experts Includes normal psychological and physiological changes with ageDiscusses strategies for accurate assessment, and reasoned delivery of care Covers working with healthy, ill and disabled people in a variety of settings

This book clearly explains when and how different rehabilitation techniques should be applied in the aging patient, thereby enabling readers to identify and apply those rehabilitation strategies that will maximize quality of life and functional independence in individual cases. It is specifically designed for ease of consultation and rapid retrieval of the information most relevant to clinical practice. Prominence is given to the benefits of a multidisciplinary approach to rehabilitation, with discussion of a very wide range of aspects of rehabilitation in different disease settings. The breadth of coverage is illustrated by the attention paid to less commonly addressed topics such as visual and hearing rehabilitation, the role of robotics and 3D imaging techniques, variations in approach among health care systems, and rehabilitation in end-of-life care. The authors are international academic experts in their fields, guaranteeing a high scientific standard throughout. This manual will be an invaluable tool and source of knowledge for geriatricians and physiatrists but will also appeal to a wider range of clinicians, practitioners, and students.

Evidence Based Treatment with Older Adults: Theory, Practice, and Research provides a detailed examination of five research-supported psychosocial interventions for use with older adults: cognitive behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, life review/reminiscence, problem solving therapy, and psychoeducational/social support approaches. These interventions address the diversity of mental health conditions and late-life challenges that older adults and their family members experience. Detailed explanations of the approaches, skills, and strategies employed in each intervention are provided, as are adaptions for use of the interventions with older adults. Vignettes are also used to demonstrate the use of specific practice skills and techniques with older clients. The theory undergirding each approach and the historical development of the interventions is explained, and provides the reader with a rich understanding of background and context of each therapy. In addition, the distinct issues such as depression, anxiety, substance abuse/misuse for which evidence exists are highlighted. Research support for application of the interventions in community-based, acute care, and long-term care settings and in individual and group formats is also discussed. Finally, implementation issues encountered in therapeutic work with older adults are described as are accommodations to enhance treatment efficacy. In sum, this book provides a comprehensive overview of evidence based psychosocial interventions for older adults; it is ideal for students and mental health professionals interested in clinical work with older adults and their families.

This book is an attempt to advance the discussion and improve our understanding about the effects of aging and movement disorders on motor control during walking and postural tasks. Despite these activities are performed daily, there is a high requirement of motor and neural systems in order to perform both tasks efficiently. Both walking and posture require a complex interaction of musculoskeletal and neural systems. However, the mechanisms used to control these tasks, as well as how they are planned and coordinated, are still a question of discussion among health professionals and researchers. In addition, this discussion is more interesting when the effects of aging are included in the context of locomotion and the postural control. The number of older individuals is 841 million in 2015, which is four times higher than the 202 million that lived in 1950. Aging causes many motor, sensorial and neural deficits, which impair locomotion and postural control in the elderly. The severity of this framework is worsened when the aging goes along with a movement disorder, such as Parkinson disease, Chorea, Dystonia, Huntington disease, etc. Therefore, the aim of this book is to highlight the influence of different aspects on planning, controlling and performing locomotion and posture tasks. In attempting to improve current knowledge in this field, invited authors present and discuss how environmental, sensorial, motor, cognitive and individual aspects influence the planning and performance of locomotor and postural activities. The major thrust of the book is to address the mechanisms involved in controlling and planning motor action in neurological healthy individuals, as well as in those who suffer from movement disorders or face the effects of aging, indicating the aspects that impair locomotion and postural control. In addition, new technologies, tools and interventions designed to manage the effects of aging and movement disorders are presented in the book.

Many different groups of people are subject to stereotypes. Positive stereotypes (e.g., "older and wiser") may provide a benefit to the relevant groups. However, negative stereotypes of aging and of disability continue to persist and, in some cases, remain socially acceptable. Research has shown that when exposed to negative images of aging, older persons demonstrate poor physical and cognitive performance and function, while those who are exposed to positive images of aging (or who have positive self-perceptions of aging) demonstrate better performance and function. Furthermore, an individual's expectations about and perceptions of aging can predict future health outcomes. To better understand how stereotypes affect older adults and individuals with disabilities, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, with support from AARP, convened a public workshop on October 10, 2017. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. Table of Contents Front Matter 1 Introduction 2 Who Is Worthy of Choice? 3 Exploring the State of the Knowledge on Stereotypes and Their Impact 4 Disrupting Stereotypes in Practice 5 Disrupting Negative Stereotypes in the Media 6 Disrupting Negative Stereotypes in Design 7 Closing Remarks References Appendix A: Workshop Agenda Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Workshop Speakers and Moderators

This book discusses the intersections between culture, context, and aging. It adopts a socio-cultural lens and highlights emotional, social, and psychological issues of the older adults in urban India. It is set in multiple sites such as Ahmedabad, Delhi, Kolkata, and Saskatoon to indicate how different cultural practices and contextual factors play an integral role in determining the course of aging. It also focuses on different narratives such as older adults living with adult children, older adults living with spouse, and older adults living alone to demonstrate the intricate process of growing old. Drawing from various sites and living arrangements of older adults, it sheds light on cultural constructions of growing old, ideas of belonging, the inevitability of death, everyday processes of aging, perceptions associated with growing old in India, acceptance of the aging body, and intergenerational ties in later lives. Given its scope, the book is essential reading for students and researchers in the fields of sociology, demography, and social scientists studying aging.

This book provides concrete scientific basis that we can conceive the possibility of modifying or even completely canceling aging process, despite the fact that aging is commonly regarded as the result of the overall effects of many uncontrollable degenerative phenomena. The authors illustrate in detail the mechanisms by which cells and the whole organism age. Actions by which it is possible, or will be possible within a limited time, to operate for modifying aging are also debated. The discussion is conducted within the frame and the concepts of evolutionary medicine, which is also indispensable for distinguishing between the manifestations of aging and: (i) diseases that worsen with age, and (ii) acceleration of normal aging rates, caused by unhealthy lifestyle habits and other avoidable factors. The book also discusses the impact of aging on overall mortality and the strange situation that, according to official statistics, aging does not exist as cause of death. This book is a turning point between a gerontology and geriatrics conceived as the study and vain treatment of an incurable condition and one in which these disciplines examine the how and why of a physiological phenomenon that can be modified up to a possible total control. This means transforming the medical prevention and treatment of physiological aging from the greatest failure to the greatest success of medicine.

This book describes a fully integrated approach to the management of elderly patients who are at risk of or suffer trauma, drawing on up-to-date knowledge from multiple specialties in recognition of the fact that the number and severity of comorbidities in this population requires expertise in many fields. Readers will find comprehensive and detailed coverage of the prevention of complications related to aging, geriatric care concepts, specific treatments in acute care, including fracture stabilization and diagnostic procedures, and the surgical management of different types of fracture and soft tissue trauma. Intensive care management of the geriatric patient is also extensively addressed. Information is provided on diverse aspects of the physiology of ageing, and the coverage is completed by discussion of fracture care service models and specific models of rehabilitation and aftercare designed to prevent further falls and adverse late outcomes. The authors are a group of renowned experts from each of the relevant fields, and the book will be a valuable asset for surgeons, intensivists, geriatricians, gerontologists, and rehabilitation specialists.