Until recently, scientists believed that the central nervous system (CNS) could not be regenerated. In the 1980s and 1990s, it has become increasingly clear that the adult brain and spinal cord are responsive to signals provided by several classes of molecules. This capacity for regeneration is rarely expressed in the central nervous system in the absence of specific intervention, but can be readily elicited by experimental manipulation. The culmination of these interventions is functional recovery, a phenomenon that has now been demonstrated in animal models of nervous system trauma, stroke, degeneration, and inherited degenerative disease. Based upon preclinical studies, several of these approaches are now undergoing clinical testing. Science has entered a new era in the treatment of disease of the nervous system.;This work focuses on some of the leading current neurological disease models and methods for promoting central nervous system regeneration. In a comprehensive, logical manner, the book unites important basic science advances in neuroscience with novel medical strategies.

A postmortem X-ray of a male homicide victim reveals a bullet lodged next to his spine. That he was shot is clear. How recently? is what death investigators must determine. The answer: the absence of scar tissue surrounding the bullet proves the victim had been recently shot.

And while the average person may find tattoos to be creative and aesthetic, to the trained death investigator, they can actually be the key to aiding in the eventual identification of a body.

They say the dead can't speak. But in the fascinating field of forensic pathology, the deceased can tell an elaborate story, especially when death investigators know what clues to look for.

The first volume in the new Forensic Pathology Atlases: Causes of Death Series, this book takes an in-depth look at the determination of the time of death, postmortem changes, and identification. In TIME OF DEATH, DECOMPOSITION AND IDENTIFICATION, you'll learn through the extensive use of photographs and discussion how estimating the time of death can rarely be accomplished with scientific accuracy. You'll learn about the numerous changes the body undergoes after death, and how positive and probable identifications are made.

For death investigators, law enforcement officers, attorneys, and anyone else involved in forensic death cases, TIME OF DEATH, DECOMPOSITION AND IDENTIFICATION is a "must have" resource.

The main goal of the second edition of this book is to update the content on the rapidly growing field of lymphoscintigraphy, a radionuclide-based imaging procedure that provides information on the functional status of the lymphatic system. Although the technique was originally introduced to identify the cause of peripheral edema (i.e., blockage of the venous or lymphatic circulation), more recent and widespread applications include radioguided biopsy of the sentinel lymph node in patients with solid cancers. This procedure is crucial for the adequate planning of oncologic surgery in a growing number of cancers, most notably breast cancer, cutaneous melanoma, head and neck cancers, penile cancer, and cervical cancer. The book focuses on the latest advances in lymphoscintigraphy techniques, including both novel tracers recently approved for clinical use (especially in the field of sentinel lymph node mapping) and the expanding role of hybrid imaging with SPECT/CT - and in sentinel node detection using hybrid tracers (radiolabeled and fluorescent) for dual-signature guidance. Each chapter addresses the clinical application of lymphoscintigraphy in different anatomic areas or disease conditions. After an introductory section concerning the pathophysiology of the specific site/disease, the clinical relevance and impact of lymphoscintigraphy is demonstrated by a collection of richly illustrated teaching cases describing the lymphoscintigraphic patterns most commonly observed, as well as anatomic variants and technical pitfalls. Emphasis is placed on tomographic multimodality imaging. The book gathers contributions by experts in nuclear oncology, who have revised their chapters by updating the didactic material and adding clinical cases. Regarding sentinel lymph node biopsy in particular, a major distinction of this text is the incorporation of the staging guidelines of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (8th edition) into the didactic material.

This book incorporates a multi-disciplinary approach to present how research results can be translated into clinical trials. The first part begins with a chapter on variants of pancreatic cancer, precursor lesions and groups of people at risk to developing the disease. There is a particular focus on intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia as a large-scale clinical challenge in pancreatology. The next two parts focus on diagnosis, biomarkers and stratification that emphasize how various approaches to biomarker development are important as both prognostic and predictive tools. The final part consists of personalized treatment approaches that include preclinical models of pancreatic cancer and stromal, epigenetic and metabolism targeting as promising approaches to be translated into early phase clinical trials. Chapters within this part also deal with approaches that are close to being implemented in clinical practice or are already being tested in (early) clinical trials, such as those that targeting the immune systems and strategies to overcome immunotherapy resistance; phase 1 clinical trials and translational approaches in surgical treatment. Written by experts in their fields, Translational Pancreatic Cancer Research provides an outlook towards future directions by integrating information both from basic and clinical research and though demonstrating pathways to better understanding pancreatic cancer and current approaches to translating these into clinical practice.

The chapters in this book thoroughly cover the structure, regulation, and function of matrix metalloproteinases, and provide information on the latest strategies to inhibit enzyme activity. This work will be an indispensable reference tool for investigators with an interest in extracellular matrix biology, matrix turnover, enzymology and biochemistry of proteinases, developmental biology, pathology, and therapeutic interventions.
Key Features
* Provides state-of-the-art information on a field with broad implications to many areas of biology
* Includes detailed coverage of the structure and regulation of all major matrix metalloproteinases
* Chapters focus on a timely and expanding field
* Topics have direct relevance to understanding human disease pathology of cancer, arthritis, and vascular disease
* Discusses latest strategies used in the development of new therapeutics to inhibit metalloproteinase activity

This atlas provides valuable information on crucial aspects of sperm examination as well numerous meaningful color illustrations. It discusses successful evaluation of the sperm morphology and the cellular elements other than spermatozoa, enabling readers to unambiguously interpret seminal cytologic images and compare reports for diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic purposes. With its extensive collection of colored images, the book is intended as a reference resource for students and technicians in the field of andrology as well as practitioners and clinicians in andrology, urology, pathology, IVF and other ART programs

This text presents a comprehensive and state-of-the-art approach to renal mass biopsy, and reviews current techniques for obtaining samples, proper tissues processing, indications for biopsy, and treatment outcomes. Sections address preliminary issues faced by urologists, pathologists, interventional radiologists, oncologists, and nephrologists who may be initially reconsidering the role for RMB including clinical decision making, financial considerations, misconceptions, sampling errors, and understanding limitations. Basic techniques and set-up, navigational tools, and tips and tricks to maximize sampling and avoid complications is also included. Sections also address patient selection, pre-biopsy considerations, technical aspects of the most common techniques and equipment, and image guidance systems. Pathological considerations include role of fine needle aspirations, touch preparation, core biopsies, immunohistochemistry, and classification schemata. The text concludes with chapters on future directions and improvements in diagnostic imaging, future developments in optical biopsies (confocal microscopy), and ancillary studies on renal masses. Written by experts in the field of urology and pathology, Renal Mass Biopsy is your go to resource for techniques and outcomes for the treatment of renal masses.

This fully updated edition explores the latest techniques to study the challenging, and at times dangerous, genus of bacteria known as mycobacteria with basic methods that are still required for mycobacteriology along with the newer or improved methods that have been developed. The volume features chapters on the basics of DNA isolation, protein isolation, and lipid isolation, as well as more sophisticated techniques for isolation of ribosomes, and continues with sections involving analyzing subcellular fractions, culture methods, sequencing technology, in vitro models, molecular methods, as well as drug discovery applications. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and up-to-date, Mycobacteria Protocols, Fourth Edition serves as an ideal guide for those starting out with their mycobacteria research and also for those who have worked with it for decades.

Advances in research and the treatment of cancer mean that more patients and their carers are asking healthcare professionals about the latest treatments and how they may be of benefit. It is essential that staff working with cancer patients understand fully how these new treatments work in order to disseminate timely and appropriate information to patients.

The application of biology to the delivery of cancer care is playing an ever-increasing role in the management of these diseases. "The Biology of Cancer: Second Edition" provides details of the most recent developments in cancer care and is divided into three sections:

Understanding Cancer - examines predisposing factors to developing cancer, diagnosis and its implications on the individual and society. The Science of Cancer - a closer look at the cell, genetics, the immune system, tumour markers and monoclonal antibodies. Research and Treatment - exploring translational oncology, applying research methodology to cancer research and research ethics relating to cancer.

This fully updated edition also looks at evidence-based research that can be translated directly to patient care and gives details recent developments. Written by experienced, practicing healthcare professionals, "The Biology of Cancer: Second Edition" can easily be applied to patient care. It is an informative text for students, newly qualified nurses and practising oncology/palliative care nurses.

Cover image reproduced by permission of Prof Ian Cree, Translational Oncology Research Centre, Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust

This book provides current information for a judicious use of conventional and molecular ICC markers performed in cytologic samples to help in the cost-effective diagnosis of superficial and deep-seated masses. By providing both an eminently practical information for appropriate technical preparation of cytologic samples and a systematic exposure of the immunophenotypic and biomolecular characteristics of normal and pathological cells, the reported morphological-molecular findings highlight the characteristics of different lesions that are useful for the practical solution of a particular differential diagnosis. Chapters include description of the cytomorphology followed by a practical ICC staining pattern for each entity. Cytologic materials include serous effusions, exfoliative cytology, fine needle aspiration cytology of superficial and deep-seated masses, and squash preparation from central nervous system masses. Practical Immunocytochemistry in Diagnostic Cytology serves as a valuable resource towards understanding critical differences between tests performed on tissue samples and those carried out on cytologic samples.

This book combines the reference material of a nephrology textbook with the everyday relevance of a clinical handbook. This second edition develops and expands upon the success of the first. All the content has been updated and entirely new chapters on acid-base disorders and stone disease have been added. Understanding Kidney Diseases includes over 60 real-life case studies and is illustrated with over 200 figures. Readers can test their knowledge with a bank of multiple-choice questions and put it into practice by answering questions that patients frequently ask. The book provides all that students, residents and fellows need in order to approach a patient with a kidney problem with confidence.

This detailed volume presents a variety of animal models that are commonly used to study sepsis and some key procedures to measure specific disease outcomes. The chapters describe well-established surgical and nonsurgical rodent models of sepsis, presented by experts in the field. In addition, the book includes protocols for burn injury and sepsis, modeling the mouse intensive care unit (MICU), and the development of humanized mice, which may be useful tools to increase the translational potential of rodent sepsis research. There is a chapter discussing the use of biomarkers for sepsis diagnosis and prognosis in humans and mice, as well as chapters describing specific methods for biomarker measurement, and the use of analgesics and humane endpoints in rodent sepsis research. Finally, agent-based computational modeling is presented as a valuable complementary approach to study sepsis. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Sepsis: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide for researchers working toward improving the identification and treatment of septic patients.

This book provides a current experience in the diagnostic techniques and treatment approaches available for unusual cutaneous lymphomas. It features concise case-based chapters with a particular emphasis on instances of mature T-cell and NK-cell neoplasms, mature B-cell neoplasms, immature hematopoietic malignancies, and other lymphoproliferative disorders. Clinically-oriented cases emphasize the importance of physical examination along with modern tests of laboratory diagnostics and clinico-pathological correlations. Cutaneous Lymphomas: Unusual Cases 3 presents a range of difficult and rare cases, which would be uncommon even to the specialists in this field. Therefore, it is a vital reference source for dermatologists, dermatophatologists, cutaneous oncologists, hematooncologists, pathologists, oncologists, and other medical professionals who treat these patients.

Includes coverage of both clinical cardiac pathology and forensic cardiac pathology A user friendly resource with first class text and images, clear and concise Over 600 colour images to aid diagnosis Increased coverage of vascular disease with new chapters on Arteropathies, microcirculation, and vasculitis, and the pericardium

Part of the highly regarded Diagnostic Pathology series, this updated volume covers all aspects of placental pathology and the critical role the placenta plays in the unique interface between mother and fetus. Concise, focused chapters, supported by tables, diagrams, and photographs, keep you up-to-date with evolving changes in the questions and issues concerning both the fetus/infant and the mother. This revised edition is ideal for pathologists at all levels of experience and training for use as a quick reference and as an efficient review to improve knowledge and skills. Provides clear and concise information on gross and microscopic changes of the placenta, common diagnoses, and placental evaluation in special circumstances Includes updated terminology and diagnostic criteria, new recommendations for the use of molecular techniques such as SNP array or whole genome sequencing for evaluation of stillbirth, and more images to illustrate challenging diagnoses Contains new chapters on pathology of maternal mortality, complications of twin pregnancies, and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, as well as expanded chapters on gestational trophoblastic disease and new coverage of twin anemia polycythemia sequence (TAPS) Covers pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and multiple gestations, highlighting placental findings, key correlates, relevant fetal organ pathology, and the pathology of the postpartum hysterectomy Time-saving reference features include bulleted text, annotated images, reference tables for placental evaluation, and sample templates useful for gross and microscopic placental description Expert ConsultT eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

Since the publication of the previous edition of Tumors of the Esophagus and Stomach, great advances in many areas of tumor biology have led to a better understanding of the pathogenesis, pathology, and molecular biology of epithelial and stromal malignancies of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Many of these advances have led to specific improvements in diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and thus, survival in patients affected by these tumors. This edition of the Fascicle was written to highlight these advances, and more specifically, to help pathologists diagnose diseases more accurately and understand how pathology contributes to clinical treatment in the new age of personalized and targeted therapy. Notable advances described in this publication include: 1) expansion of our understanding of the pathologic features and molecular pathogenesis of carcinomas of the esophagus and stomach, most of which develop through a chronic inflammation-metaplasia-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence. Important refinements in the classification of neoplastic precursor lesions have been made since the last AFIP series, including the morphologic and endoscopic subtypes, and this has led to improvements in surgical treatment with a strong trend toward minimization in the form of endoscopic mucosal and submucosal dissections 2) discovery of new diseases, such as gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis syndrome (GAPPS), a special variant of familial adenomatous polyposis, and significant advances in our knowledge regarding the molecular characterization of genetic polyposis syndromes 3) great expansion in the molecular-pathology correlation, morphologic diversity, classification, and therapeutic options of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) 4) reclassification and refinement of prognostic factors related to neuroendocrine tumors 5) improvements in the role of cytology in the diagnosis of tumors of the upper gastrointestinal tract. This book has been written with the pathologist in mind first by using tables that illustrate salient pathologic, molecular, and differential diagnostic features of key entities that are often difficult to distinguish from each other. Specific color photographs of classic tumors and morphologic variants often difficult to recognize are used throughout.

This volume provides a comprehensive outline of the current methods used to detect, characterize, and investigate Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) and Shiga toxins. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli: Methods and Protocols aims to be a valuable resource for clinicians, epidemiologists, and researchers interested in STEC pathogenesis.

This updated second edition provides surgical pathologists with comprehensive knowledge of anatomic pathology in disease, salient microscopic features, and immunohistochemistry as an aid in diagnostic pathology. Highlights include: Gross and lucid descriptions of lesions in pathology (both simple and complex). Diagnostic and salient microscopic features essential in arriving at a diagnosis. Details on differential diagnosis in each lesion and the ability to differentiate one from the other in grey zone areas. The importance of immunohistochemistry as an aid in diagnosis. Synoptic reporting and the importance of a planned format in reporting with an emphasis on point-wise completion, e.g. resection margin involvement, grade and stage of tumours in reports.

The dramatic and compelling account of how a serial killer was finally unmasked after evading justice for more than twenty years.

Soon to be a major TV series starring Luke Evans

1980s. In the beautiful, unspoiled landscape of Pembrokeshire, a serial killer is at large: two double murders; an assault; the rape and assault of two teenagers - all potentially the work of one man.

This is the fascinating true story of a brutal murderer and the detectives who worked the cold case for six years in order to bring him to justice. Combining cutting edge forensic techniques with old fashioned detective work, a team of detectives worked to build a case against their prime suspect. But it was a race against time: would he strike again?

No one could predict that the killer's appearance on a gameshow would provide bizarre but crucial evidence.

The operation is now recognised as one of the greatest cold case reviews ever undertaken in the UK.

The killer is now serving a "life means life" sentence.

This second edition compendium of 250 case studies (adding more than 170 pages over the first edition) is the result of a unique collaboration of 227 leading hematologists, hematopathologists, and oncologists. It will serve as both a case-based guide to the diagnosis and management of patients suffering from hematologic conditions and a valuable teaching tool. The editors have compiled an invaluable collection of cases covering common and rare entities-from anemias through lymphoma to plasma cell, platelet and coagulation disorders. Cases are presented in an easy-to-follow format, grouped by related conditions. The final two sections present 40 self-study challenge cases that provide basic history presentation information and initial workup data with images. The data is followed by questions about differential diagnosis, additional workup, most likely diagnosis, course of management and salient features of the case. Corresponding answers/discussions are provided by the authors of each case. Item Details: A broad range of topics in both hematology and coagulation are covered in this ASCP CaseSet, including: Anemias Leukemias Myeloproliferative Disorders Myelodysplastic Syndromes Lymphoproliferative Disorders Lymphomas and Their Mimics Plasma Cell Disorders Platelet Disorders Hematologic Infectious Diseases Other Hematologic Disorders Bleeding Disorders Thrombophilias Other Hemostasis Disorders

A growing body of literature indicates that diseases can affect women and men differently. As sex differences extend far beyond biology, it is crucial to adopt a bicultural approach towards understanding human disease patterns and processes. This 1998 book synthesizes modern medical research with paleopathological investigations. Conditions such as osteoporosis and osteopenia, iron deficiency anaemia, infection and immune reactivity and trauma are explored. Recognizing the relationship between these conditions and aspects of sex and gender in past populations assists in the formulation of models from which modern disease processes can be better understood. Exploring the differences will provide provocative ideas for all those in physical anthropology, archaeology, evolutionary biology, history of medicine and women's studies interested in how sex and gender impacts on disease.

Diagnostic Pathology: Hospital Autopsy, a volume in the highly regarded Diagnostic Pathology series, is the first reference to present autopsy pathology in the way in which it is practiced clinically. The unique approach in presenting classic autopsy techniques also emphasizes the role of molecular studies and other laboratory and ancillary tests (cytology, radiographic analysis) not commonly thought of during autopsy practice. The practices covered will help maximize diagnostic information from each and every autopsy. Complete coverage of every aspect of autopsy practice-including clinical presentation with chart review, technical and diagnostic aspects of autopsy performance, and reporting-makes this an invaluable guide for the resident in training and practicing pathologist. Cases presented as seen in clinical practice, from clinical chart review through autopsy performance and important reporting criteria Topical chapters are organized more broadly while disease-specific chapters are similar to other surgical pathology chapters in the Diagnostic Pathology series Detailed dissection descriptions in the organ system chapters provide step-by-step guidance with even the most difficult technical aspects of autopsy performance Approximately 1,500 high-quality, carefully annotated color images provide important clinical and diagnostic information Chapters covering every system and expanded sections with key clinical information help the pathologist perform the most comprehensive evaluations Case presentation highlights important aspects of reporting that impact clinicians as well as next of kin Expert Consult eBook version included, which allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices

New in the Differential Diagnosis in Surgical Pathology series, this abundantly illustrated title helps you systematically solve tough diagnostic challenges in pancreatic and biliary pathology. It uses select images of clinical and pathological findings, together with succinct, expert instructions and diagnostic pearls, to guide you through the decision-making process. By presenting material according to the way pathologists actually work, this user-friendly volume helps you quickly differentiate commonly confused entities that have overlapping morphologic features. Presents nearly 100 differential diagnoses in pancreatic and biliary pathology, including the most common entities as well as selected rare diseases. Provides concise, bulleted summaries of clinical and pathological findings and relevant pictorial examples on the corresponding pages. Features 1,000 high-quality, full-color images of similar-looking lesions side by side for easy comparison with respect to clinicopathologic features and ancillary tests. Includes more than 30 detailed chapters on the pancreas, as well as coverage of the ampulla, extrahepatic bile duct, and gallbladder. Ideal for practicing pathologists, pathologists in training, residents, and medical students. Enrich Your eBook Reading Experience Read directly on your preferred device(s), such as computer, tablet, or smartphone. Easily convert to audiobook, powering your content with natural language text-to-speech.

This new publication takes a critical, evidence-based look at the efficacy of new diagnostic tests which are increasingly being used to evaluate organ damage and dysfunction. The use of biomarkers is growing, with a steady stream of new products being brought out by the pharmaceutical industry. However, in many cases the evidence which supports the use of these new methods as opposed to traditional biochemical tests has not yet been demonstrated, and it is intended that this volume will help clarify the strengths and weaknesses of using these biomarkers across a wide range of applications and in the various organs of the body. This approach will provide an invaluable overview of the diverse applications of biomarkers in medicine.

This book combines the reference material of a nephrology textbook with the everyday relevance of a clinical handbook. This second edition develops and expands upon the success of the first. All the content has been updated and entirely new chapters on acid-base disorders and stone disease have been added. Understanding Kidney Diseases includes over 60 real-life case studies and is illustrated with over 200 figures. Readers can test their knowledge with a bank of multiple-choice questions and put it into practice by answering questions that patients frequently ask. The book provides all that students, residents and fellows need in order to approach a patient with a kidney problem with confidence.