This timely book brings together cutting-edge research on the important subject of science and innovation (S&I) policies. The contributors - distinguished social science scholars - tackle the key challenges of designing and implementing public policies in the context of the new knowledge economy. They provide an extensive overview of the most advanced methods for designing, monitoring, and evaluating S&I policies, and analyze current applications in a wide-ranging selection of fields along the innovation supply chain, from legal and institutional landscapes to the industrial sector. Topics discussed include technology transfer from higher education institutions, innovation support at industry level, measures sustaining venture capital, and firm internationalization processes. Bridging policy research and policy making via authoritative 'real-world' studies, this book will be warmly welcomed by both academics and policy makers with an interest in the design and implementation of public policies supporting S&I. Contributors: C. Amorim Varum, C. Antonelli, F. Bertoni, M.G. Colombo, A. Croce, C. Franzoni, A. Geuna, L. Grilli, A. Hughes, P. Landoni, B. Lepori, B. Leten, B. Moore, S. Murtinu, L. Piscitello, E. Reale, C. Rossi-Lamastra, S. Slipersaeter, T. Ulrichsen, B. Van Looy

This is a collection of papers on industrial policy - the role of governments in promoting industrial development - and the particular significance of technology development. Two essays deal with the general debate on industrial policy and the nature of technology development; two are critical appraisals of the World Bank's approach to the debate on governments and markets; four are case studies of policy making on aspects of industrialisation, three in Asia and one in Africa.

The very foundation of the economy is changing. Across the United States, primary and secondary sector industries are no longer as viable as they once were - because the particular businesses are no longer profitable, because the underlying resources are no longer as plentiful or desirable, or because human activity is not essential to various aspects of an industry's operations. As economies evolve from traditional industrial resources, such as mining and manufacturing, to 'new' resources, such as information and content, innovation and entrepreneurship are key. Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Evolving Economies examines the role of law in supporting innovation and entrepreneurship in communities whose economies are in transition. It contains a collection of works from different perspectives and tackles tough questions regarding policy and practice, including how support for entrepreneurship can be translated into policy. Additionally, this collection addresses more concrete questions of practical efficacy, including measures of how successful or unsuccessful legal efforts to incentivize entrepreneurship may be, through intellectual property law and otherwise, and what might define success to begin with. Expertly researched and widely accessible, Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Evolving Economies will appeal especially to students and scholars of innovation, law, and entrepreneurship. Contributors: M.M. Carpenter, S. Ghosh, E.J. Gouvin, S.D. Jamar, A.L. Johnson, B. Krumm, P.H. Lee, M.J. Madison, L. Mtima, S.M. O'Connor, M. Risch, F.G. Snyder, E. Townsend Gard

This volume, originally published in 1993 is based on extensive research and draws together a selection of detailed global case studies illustrating a variety of issues from Japanese joint ventures to small business development. It considers the scope and scale of collaboration in order to assess the way successful companies have achieved their growth. The book presents a synthesis of business functions and economic analysis and asks what the implications for skills development are; what effect public policy has; how far such ventures can go and what decision making processes are involved.

This book examines how technological modernisation and innovation policies have been implemented in Russia from the Soviet era to the present day. It discusses how since about 2000 the Russian state has attempted to address the country's excessive dependence on natural resources by implementing an ambitious programme of economic modernisation, including giving innovation more policy prominence, boosting state funding for research and development and innovation, and emphasising science towns and technology parks as key instruments for stimulating innovation. Based on extensive original research, taking a multidisciplinary approach, and including detailed case studies, the book explains why, despite these efforts, Russia is performing comparatively poorly in innovation outcomes. It argues that a key factor is the country's political economy model in which science, technology, and innovation policies are mainly controlled and funded by the federal centre of power and led by domestic political and economic elites.

This book concentrates on the sustainable applications of the Blockchain Technology across multiple latest computational knowledge domains. It covers the feasible and practical collaboration of Blockchain Technology with latest Sustainable Smart Computing Technologies. It will target the vast applications of Blockchain in the field of Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, and Cybersecurity. The book effectively provides satisfactory information about the essentials of Blockchain and IoT to a typical pursuer alongside encouraging an examination researcher to distinguish some modern issue regions that rise up out of the intermingling of the two advancements. Besides, the creators talk about pertinent application zones, for example, smart city, e-social insurance, and so forth along the course of the book. * Covers the recent advancements in Blockchain technology * Discusses the applications of Blockchain technology for real life problems * Address the challenges related to implementation of Blockchain technology * Includes case studies * Includes the latest trends and area of research in Blockchain Technology This book is primarily aimed at graduates, researchers and professions working in the field of blockchain technology.

Provides a comprehensive review of challenges and opportunities as related to the applications of big data, AI, and machine learning in the entire spectrum of drug R&D Discusses regulatory developments in leveraging big data and advanced analytics in drug review and approval Offers a balanced approach to data science organization build Presents real-world examples of AI-powered solutions to a host of issues in the lifecycle of drug development Affords sufficient context for each problem and provides detailed description of solutions suitable for practitioners with limited data science expertise

China is surging in the tech race - and will continue to outperform the United States. The rising power has done exceptionally in Super Apps, bullet trains, 5G, electric vehicles, digital currency, smart cities, blockchain applications, and quantum communications in space, among others. Its payment platforms are increasingly adopted along the entire Silk Road.The genesis of this book was to discover an 'Apollo Program' for the US to catch up in these areas, but we discovered a much deeper need for a social/mental health Apollo Program for millennials who are bogged down by a host of under-appreciated and intertwined issues which cause anxiety and alienation and lead to massive losses in workplace productivity. This book proposes two Apollo programs - one for tech and one for millennials - by a millennial. Strategies for cracking the highly competitive Chinese Super App ecommerce market are also revealed.Related Link(s)

Today, raw data on any industry is widely available. With the help of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), this data can be used to gain meaningful insights. In addition, as data is the new raw material for today's world, AI and ML will be applied in every industrial sector. Industry 4.0 mainly focuses on the automation of things. From that perspective, the oil and gas industry is one of the largest industries in terms of economy and energy. Applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in the Petroleum Industry analyzes the use of AI and ML in the oil and gas industry across all three sectors, namely upstream, midstream, and downstream. It covers every aspect of the petroleum industry as related to the application of AI and ML, ranging from exploration, data management, extraction, processing, real-time data analysis, monitoring, cloud-based connectivity system, and conditions analysis, to the final delivery of the product to the end customer, while taking into account the incorporation of the safety measures for a better operation and the efficient and effective execution of operations. This book explores the variety of applications that can be integrated to support the existing petroleum and adjacent sectors to solve industry problems. It will serve as a useful guide for professionals working in the petroleum industry, industrial engineers, AI and ML experts and researchers, as well as students.

China is surging in the tech race - and will continue to outperform the United States. The rising power has done exceptionally in Super Apps, bullet trains, 5G, electric vehicles, digital currency, smart cities, blockchain applications, and quantum communications in space, among others. Its payment platforms are increasingly adopted along the entire Silk Road.The genesis of this book was to discover an 'Apollo Program' for the US to catch up in these areas, but we discovered a much deeper need for a social/mental health Apollo Program for millennials who are bogged down by a host of under-appreciated and intertwined issues which cause anxiety and alienation and lead to massive losses in workplace productivity. This book proposes two Apollo programs - one for tech and one for millennials - by a millennial. Strategies for cracking the highly competitive Chinese Super App ecommerce market are also revealed.Related Link(s)

Very practical - the 'success templates', or blueprint, is a collection of processes to follow and templates to use to design and build an agile alliance. Written by leading professionals in the field of strategic alliances. Mike Nevin is the Founder of The Association of Strategic Alliance Professionals, and Gavin Booth is the Director of Strategic Alliances at KPMG. The book has a clear focus on professional services and technology firms, and the benefits of alliances between the two.

This authoritative book includes a selection of seminal articles published in the emerging field of technological progress and innovation. The first part of the book is dedicated to the economics of innovation, while the following parts include important papers in various legal areas that focus on innovation. The legal fields covered by the collection include intellectual property, torts, competition law and regulation. This comprehensive book will be useful to researchers, students and legal practitioners who are interested in innovation and is a must in any research library.

Communication is changing rapidly around the world, particularly in Africa, where citizens are embracing digital technologies not only to improve not only interpersonal communication but also the state of their financial well-being. This book investigates these transformations in Nigeria's booming communication industry. The book traces communications in Nigeria back to pre-colonial indigenous communications, through the development of telecommunication, broadcasting networks, the press, the Nigerian film industry ('Nollywood') and on to the digital era. At a time when Western voices still dominate the academic literature on communication in Africa, this book is noteworthy in drawing almost exclusively on the expertise of Nigerian-based authors, critiquing the discipline from their own lens and providing an important contribution to the decolonisation of communication studies. The authors provide a holistic analysis of the sector, encompassing print journalism, broadcast journalism, public relations, advertising, film, development communication, organisational communication and strategic communication. Analysis of the role of digital technologies is woven throughout the book, concluding with a final section theorising the future of communication studies in Nigeria in the light of the digital media revolution. Robust in its theoretical and methodological underpinnings, this book will be an important reference for researchers of media and communication studies, and those working on Africa specifically.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has augmented human activities and unlocked opportunities for many sectors of the economy. It is used for data management and analysis, decision making, and many other aspects. As with most rapidly advancing technologies, law is often playing a catch up role so the study of how law interacts with AI is more critical now than ever before. This book provides a detailed qualitative exploration into regulatory aspects of AI in industry. Offering a unique focus on current practice and existing trends in a wide range of industries where AI plays an increasingly important role, the work contains legal and technical analysis performed by 15 researchers and practitioners from different institutions around the world to provide an overview of how AI is being used and regulated across a wide range of sectors, including aviation, energy, government, healthcare, legal, maritime, military, music, and others. It addresses the broad range of aspects, including privacy, liability, transparency, justice, and others, from the perspective of different jurisdictions. Including a discussion of the role of AI in industry during the Covid-19 pandemic, the chapters also offer a set of recommendations for optimal regulatory interventions. Therefore, this book will be of interest to academics, students and practitioners interested in technological and regulatory aspects of AI.

This book provides a state-of-the-art overview of current research on regional competition and co-operation. Developing our current understanding of the new role of regions and their behaviour, this book addresses questions such as: How and why do regions compete? How does competition between border regions operate? Which regions are successful and which regions fail? What are the implications of regional competition in terms of resource allocation, the location of economic activities and the distribution of incomes? The book illuminates a number of critical theoretical end empirical issues relating to the competitive and cooperative nature of regions, as well as highlighting a number of new case studies from a variety of countries. The book will be a useful enhancement to undergraduate and post-graduate courses in economics, economic geography, regional science, regional planning, business administration, and international and industrial management. It will also be an invaluable guidance tool for researchers, consultants and policy makers in international organizations such as the EU, the World Bank and the OECD.

Research cooperation in a nation is a fundamental key to national competitiveness in technology that supports growth in a national economy. To fully understand why some nations are more successful in innovation than others, one must examine the structure and process of knowledge creation and use - the Science & Technology policy of a nation.National innovation requires progress both in Science & Technology, and also in economy. Research cooperation for innovation is necessary, since science, technology, and production are performed in different sectors of a nation. Universities conduct research science, and science discovers nature. Governments support most of the research in universities, and therefore are the principal sponsors of science. Industry develops most technology and commercializes technology into economically useful products/services. The structure and process of knowledge in a nation thus requires (1) creation of knowledge in science, (2) translation of science into technology, and (3) design of technology into commercialization of utility. At a national level, innovation is thus a complicated concept - proposing a need to identify the proper ways that government-university-industry can cooperate to advance knowledge and economically benefit from innovation. Special programs in Science & Technology policy that have proven beneficial in fostering research cooperation for national competitiveness will be covered in this book.Cooperative Innovation: Science & Technology Policy helps readers understand a practical science & technology policy for a nation. Its contents are particularly useful for government administrators of research, industrial research directors, university research directors, and students of science & technology policy.

Building strong and dynamic systems of innovation constitutes a key challenge for the post-socialist economies of Central and Eastern Europe. This book develops a strong conceptual and empirical foundation for understanding how such dynamic systems may emerge. The Dynamics of Innovation in Eastern Europe explains, in particular, how this has been possible in the case of the Estonian system of innovation in telecommunications. The book shows that the socialist historical heritage, and in particular inherited competencies, may be used in highly creative ways for generating dynamic innovation in the post-socialist context. It also uncovers the complex and multifaceted ways in which the geographical and cultural proximity to Western Europe can be creatively used as a powerful resource in the pursuit of building systems of innovation in the East. Moreover, the book demonstrates that it is possible for East European systems of innovation to develop highly creative domestic dynamics without necessarily imitating Western systems or styles of innovation. Providing a unique empirical analysis of how systems of innovation undergo far-reaching transformation and change, this book will be of interest to economists and scholars involved in issues relating to innovation, technology, economic development and East-West integration. Policymakers in the EU and in Central and East European countries and practitioners involved in innovation-related activities will also find it of great appeal.

Companies across different industries are launching technology-enabled (digital) business transformation programs to improve their strategic, tactical, and operational supply chain processes. The greatest challenges that they are facing include the lack of preparation and knowledge of the digital transformation life cycle and poorly addressing or neglecting the "people-related" aspects of them. Therefore, improvement initiatives have been short-lived or incomplete, and expected business benefits have not been achieved or materialized. Technology Optimization and Change Management for Successful Digital Supply Chains is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on the application of digital business transformation programs to improve strategic, tactical, and operational supply chain processes. While highlighting topics such as maturity models, predictive analysis, and communication planning, this publication explores the limited literature in the field of digital supply chain optimization and business transformation, and complements it with practical and proven tactics from the industry. This book is ideally designed for program managers, engineers, students, and practitioners seeking current research on the field's latest best practices on digital supply chain enablement.

Theo S. Eicher and Thomas Strobel present an industry-level account of the recent changes in German productivity growth and compare the trends to Europe and the US. The specific focus is on how differential investments in information and communication technologies (ICT) affected the economic performance of these economies. Not all industrialized countries shared the economic fortunes that ICT presented to the US economy. While the US experienced successive accelerations in its trend growth in 1995 and again in 2000, Germany experienced dual reductions in labor productivity growth. Some European economies fared better and others even worse than Germany. Since productivity is the ultimate determinant of living standards, the authors examine the sources of these productivity differentials. They also present a new German growth accounting database that utilizes unique ICT investment data, sourced directly from the industries, to place their findings into an international context. This book is targeted at economists and policymakers alike, and is designed to provide clear guidance for those interested in industrial policy and statistical account methods.

Today, economic growth is widely understood to be conditioned by productivity increases which are, in turn, profoundly affected by innovation. This volume explores these key relationships between innovation and growth, bringing together experts from both fields to compile a unique Handbook. The Handbook considers innovation from fresh perspectives, encompassing topics such as services innovation, inward investment and innovation, creative industry innovation and green innovation. It is divided into seven sections, dealing with regional innovation and growth theory, dynamics, evolution, agglomeration, innovation 'worlds', innovation system institutions, and innovation governance and policy. This definitive compendium on regional innovation and growth will undoubtedly appeal to teachers, students, researchers and practitioners of innovation and growth dynamics worldwide. Contributors: M. Abreu, E.S. Andersen, Y. Aoyama, B. Asheim, S. Bagchi-Sen, M. Bellandi, F. Belussi, R. Boschma, N. Bosma, S. Breschi, R. Capello, C. Carrincazeaux, J.L. Christensen, P. Cooke, M. Coris, O. Crevoisier, L. De Propris, A. Eriksson, D. Felsenstein, A. Frenkel, K. Frenken, E. Giuliani, V. Harmaakorpi, M. Heidenreich, R. Horner, S. Iammarino, A. Isaksen, A. James, M. Klofsten, K. Koschatzky, A. Lagendijk, L. Lazzeretti, E. Malecki, R. Martin, H. Melkas, C. Nauwelaers, S. OEberg, P. Prud'homme van Reine, S. Ptak, S. Rosenfeld, V. Schutjens, D. Schwartz, D. Shefer, J. Simmie, E. Stam, M. Steiner, P. Sunley, G. Tichy, F. Toedtling, M. Trippl, T. Tura, E. Vatne, D. Wolfe

When is international patent law cooperation and harmonization welfare-enhancing? What is the role of international institutions - WIPO and the WTO - in furthering such harmonization? This book explores these questions from a global welfarist, rationalist perspective. It grounds its analysis in innovation theory and a examination of patent law and prosecution, incorporating the uncertainty of patent law's impact on welfare at a detailed level, dynamic changes, the skewed nature of patent value and the difficulty of textually capturing patent concepts. Using tools from new institutional economics, it explores future design implications for international institutions, analyzing grounds for international cooperation as collective action problems and applying historical, political and transaction cost analyses. Academics, students and practitioners interested in international economic law, specifically in respect of patents, innovation and intellectual property, the TRIPs Agreement, the WTO and WIPO will find this book essential. It will also prove insightful for researchers whose primary background is in international relations or international political economy, but are seeking an introduction to the patent and intellectual property field. Contents: Introduction Part I: Welfare-Enhancing Harmonization 1. Domestic Patent Law, Autarchic Analysis 2. The Value of Diversity: Relaxed Autarchy 3. Bases for Harmonization Part II: International Patent Law Institutions 4. History 5. International Patent Cooperation as Collective Action 6. Institutional Analysis: WIPO and the WTO Conclusions and Implications References

The Handbook on Implementation Science provides an overview of the field's multidisciplinary history, theoretical approaches, key concepts, perspectives, and methods. By drawing on knowledge concerning learning, habits, organizational theory, improvement science and policy research, the Handbook offers novel perspectives from a broad group of international experts in the field representing diverse disciplines. The editors and authors seek to advance implementation science through careful consideration of current thinking and recommendations for future directions. Featured key concepts include strategies, context, outcomes, fidelity, adaptation and sustainability. Chapters introduce topics, define them, and explain their application in implementation science with examples that resonate with a diverse readership including implementation researchers, instructors, students and practitioners with experience in the field ranging from novices to experienced scholars. Contributors include: G. Aarons, B. Andersson-Gare, M. Bender, S. Bernhardsson, S. Birken, K.A. Blase, A. Bunger, P. Cairney, C. Carroll, D. Cragun, G. Curran, D. D'Lima, L. Damschroder, K.S. Dickson, J. Edwards Becan, A.C. Eldh, P.-E. Ellstroem, T. Finch, D.L. Fixsen, B. Gardner, T. Greenhalgh, E. Haines, G. Harvey, H. Hasson, M. Hatch, S. Hwang, A. Kirk, A. Kitson, J. Leeman, L. Lennox, F. Lorecatto, J.C. Lowery, C. May, N. McCleary, S. Michie, J.C. Moullin, M. Neher, P. Nilsen, R.Y. Nooraie, J. Phillips, S. Potthoff, J. Presseau, E. Proctor, T. Rapley, C.M. Reardon, J. Rycroft-Malone, K. Seers, N. Sevdalis, F.F. Sniehotta, N.A. Stadnick, J. Thor, T. Waltz, J. Wassar-Kirk, B. Weiner, T. Wiley

The Lisbon Agenda aims to prepare Europe for globalization by updating European policies for research, innovation, competition, trade, employment, education, social protection, environment and energy at both the European and national levels. Designed to inspire the new cycle of the Lisbon Agenda until 2010 and beyond, this timely and significant volume explores the intellectual elaboration of the agenda for the coming years. With contributions from some of Europe's leading scholars, this book explores new developments in the European agenda for globalization, addressing four critical areas: European policies, their adaptation to national diversity in Europe, their implications for the external action of the European Union and, finally, their implications for EU governance. This book presents the outcome of an organized dialogue between the political and research communities. Europe, Globalization and the Lisbon Agenda will undoubtedly prove an outstanding addition to the current literature and will be an invaluable resource for European policy-makers, governments and academics from a wide range of disciplines who are concerned about the future competitiveness of Europe.

Reduced order modeling is an important, growing field in computational science and engineering, and this is the first book to address the subject in relation to computational fluid dynamics. It focuses on complex parametrization of shapes for their optimization and includes recent developments in advanced topics such as turbulence, stability of flows, inverse problems, optimization, and flow control, as well as applications. This book will be of interest to researchers and graduate students in the field of reduced order modeling.

Smart cities promise to generate economic, social and environmental value through the seamless connection of urban services and infrastructure by digital technologies. However, there is scant evidence of how these activities can enhance social well-being and contribute to just and equitable communities. Smart and Sustainable Cities? Pipedreams, Practicalities and Possibilities provides one of the first examinations of how smart cities relate to environmental and social issues. It addresses the gap between the ambitious visions of smart cities and the actual practices on the ground by focusing on the social and environmental dimensions of real smart city initiatives as well as the possibilities they hold for creating more equitable and progressive cities. Through detailed analyses of case studies in the United States, Australia, the United Kingdom, Japan, Germany, India and China, the contributors describe the various ways that social and environmental issues are interpreted and integrated into smart city initiatives and actions. The findings point towards the need for more intentional engagement and collaboration with all urban stakeholders in the design, development and maintenance of smart cities to ensure that everyone benefits from the increasingly digitalised urban environments of the twenty-first century. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the journal Local Environment.