New Research in Information Behaviour, co-edited by Professor Amanda Spink and Dr. Jannica Heinstrom provides an understanding of the new directions, leading edge theories and models in information behaviour. Information behaviour is conceptualized as complex human information related processes that are embedded within an individual's everyday social and life processes. The book presents chapters by a range of scholars who show new research directions that often challenge the established views and paradigms of information behaviour studies. Beginning with an evolutionary framework, the book builds our understanding of information behaviours over various epochs of human existence from the Palaeolithic Era and within pre-literate societies, to contemporary behaviours by 21st century humans. Drawing upon social and psychological science theories the book presents a more integrated and holistic approach understanding of information behaviours. This book is directly relevant to information scientists, information professionals and librarians, social and evolutionary psychologists, social scientists and people interested in understanding more about their own information behaviours.

This book reveals how open innovation utilizes the developing circle of business models to establish new ones that define a unique link between technology and markets, focusing on how to develop and maintain successful business models. It draws readers into the philosophy and economic effects of open innovation from the outset.It presents four different developing circle business models for customers in the role of consumers, entrepreneurs, social entrepreneurs and engineers respectively, enabling each group to develop, utilize and enlarge creative business models, and even switch business models.In addition to these four circles, it takes a systemic approach to describe the relationship between technology and markets. From this relationship an open innovation strategy towards entrepreneurship can be adopted. From Open Innovation to a Creative Developing-Circle Business Model is an essential resource for start-up entrepreneurs, as well as for students of technology management, strategy and open innovation.

The Stafford Beer Classic Library "Stafford Beer is undoubtedly among the worlds most provocative, creative, and profound thinkers on the subject of management, and he records his thinking with a flair that is unmatched. His writing is as much art as it is science. He is the most viable system I know." Dr Russell L Ackoff, The Institute for Interactive Management, Pennsylvania, USA. "If...anyone can make it [Operations Research] understandably readable and positively interesting it is Stafford Beer...everyone in management...should be grateful to him for using clear and at times elegant English and...even elegant diagrams." The Economist This is a highly original book both in content and format. It presents thirteen 'arguments for change', these are linked by a personal commentary, and by a deeper, 'metalinguistic', commentary. Platform for Change is completely self-contained, does not deal at all with the nature of viable systems, but is directed towards the hope that our planet may yet remain viable -- and the human race survive.

Experience a guided tour of the key information-theoretic principles that underpin the design of next-generation cellular systems with this invaluable reference. Written by experts in the field, the text encompasses principled theoretical guidelines for the design and performance analysis of network architectures, coding and modulation schemes, and communication protocols. Presenting an extensive overview of the most important ideas and topics necessary for the development of future wireless systems, as well as providing a detailed introduction to network information theory, this is the perfect tool for researchers and graduate students in the fields of information theory and wireless communications, as well as for practitioners in the telecommunications industry.

Only a few books stand as landmarks in social and scientific upheaval. Norbert Wiener's classic is one in that small company. Founder of the science of cybernetics--the study of the relationship between computers and the human nervous system--Wiener was widely misunderstood as one who advocated the automation of human life. As this book reveals, his vision was much more complex and interesting. He hoped that machines would release people from relentless and repetitive drudgery in order to achieve more creative pursuits. At the same time he realized the danger of dehumanizing and displacement. His book examines the implications of cybernetics for education, law, language, science, technology, as he anticipates the enormous impact--in effect, a third industrial revolution--that the computer has had on our lives.

Learn robotics through magic, or enhance your magic with robotics! This book is a beginner's guide to creating robotics-infused magic. You'll be introduced to simple DIY electronics and Arduino programming, and you will learn how to use those tools to create a treasure trove of magic bots and effects, with readily-sourced materials and everyday objects. It's magic through the lens of the Maker Movement, with a dedication to accessibility -- cardboard meets Arduino meets magic! All ages, backgrounds, and abilities will find clever, fun projects within these pages that challenge their creativity and explode their imagination.

"Beautiful Data" is both a history of big data and interactivity, and a sophisticated meditation on ideas about vision and cognition in the second half of the twentieth century. Contending that our forms of attention, observation, and truth are contingent and contested, Orit Halpern historicizes the ways that we are trained, and train ourselves, to observe and analyze the world. Tracing the postwar impact of cybernetics and the communication sciences on the social and human sciences, design, arts, and urban planning, she finds a radical shift in attitudes toward recording and displaying information. These changed attitudes produced what she calls communicative objectivity: new forms of observation, rationality, and economy based on the management and analysis of data. Halpern complicates assumptions about the value of data and visualization, arguing that changes in how we manage and train perception, and define reason and intelligence, are also transformations in governmentality. She also challenges the paradoxical belief that we are experiencing a crisis of attention caused by digital media, a crisis that can be resolved only through intensified media consumption.

Designed for those wishing to study mathematics beyond linear algebra but unready for abstract material, this "invitation" to the excitement of dynamical systems appeals to readers from a wide range of backgrounds. Rather than taking a theorem-proof-corollary-remark approach, it stresses geometry and intuition. Topics include both the classical theory of linear systems and the modern theory of nonlinear and chaotic systems as well as bifurcation, symbolic dynamics, fractals, and complex systems.
In addition to offering a unified presentation of continuous and discrete time systems, this treatment integrates computing comfortably into the text. Appendixes feature important background material, including a gentle introduction to differential equations and explanations of how to write MATLAB, Mathematica, and C programs to compute dynamical systems. Prerequisites for advanced undergraduates and graduate students include two semesters of calculus and one semester of linear algebra.

This book provides the most recent methodological advances in applying advanced modeling techniques to road pricing. Distinguished from other
monographs that have focused on the empirical aspects, policy experiences, and environmental issues of road congestion and road pricing, most studies presented in the book are carried out within the general network equilibrium context with rigorous optimization and economic theories.
Topics discussed in the book include: fundamentals of traffic equilibrium problems; principle of marginal-cost road pricing; models and algorithms
for the general second-best road pricing problems; discriminatory and anonymous road pricing; social and spatial equities; Pareto pricing and revenue refunding schemes; pricing, capacity choice and financing; simultaneous determination of toll levels and locations; sequential pricing experiments with limited information; bounding the efficiency of road pricing; dynamic road pricing.

Valuable for any academic or professional reader interested in or involved in implementing road pricing.

Deal with information and uncertainty properly and efficiently using tools emerging from generalized information theory
Uncertainty and Information: Foundations of Generalized Information Theory contains comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of results that have emerged from a research program begun by the author in the early 1990s under the name "generalized information theory" (GIT). This ongoing research program aims to develop a formal mathematical treatment of the interrelated concepts of uncertainty and information in all their varieties. In GIT, as in classical information theory, uncertainty (predictive, retrodictive, diagnostic, prescriptive, and the like) is viewed as a manifestation of information deficiency, while information is viewed as anything capable of reducing the uncertainty. A broad conceptual framework for GIT is obtained by expanding the formalized language of classical set theory to include more expressive formalized languages based on fuzzy sets of various types, and by expanding classical theory of additive measures to include more expressive non-additive measures of various types.
This landmark book examines each of several theories for dealing with particular types of uncertainty at the following four levels:
* Mathematical formalization of the conceived type of uncertainty
* Calculus for manipulating this particular type of uncertainty
* Justifiable ways of measuring the amount of uncertainty in any situation formalizable in the theory
* Methodological aspects of the theory
With extensive use of examples and illustrations to clarify complex material and demonstrate practical applications, generous historical and bibliographical notes, end-of-chapter exercises to test readers' newfound knowledge, glossaries, and an Instructor's Manual, this is an excellent graduate-level textbook, as well as an outstanding reference for researchers and practitioners who deal with the various problems involving uncertainty and information.An Instructor's Manual presenting detailed solutions to all the problems in the book is available from the Wiley editorial department.

This book highlights the prevention of possible accidents and crashes of aircrafts by analyzing the many factors that affect such events. It includes the theoretical study of known ideas and concepts, as well as a set of new methods and mathematical models. It contains factual information to investigate famous disasters and aviation accidents with aircrafts. The book proposes methods and models that can be the basis in developing guidance material for decision-making by the flight crew and experts in air traffic control. Some of the contents presented in this book are also useful in the design and operation of data transmission systems of aircraft. The book is intended for engineering and technical specialists engaged in the development, manufacturing and operations of onboard radio electronic systems of aircraft and ground-based radio engineering support for flights, as well as graduate students and senior students of radio engineering specialties. It is useful to researchers and managers whose activities are related to air traffic control.

Learn about the state-of-the-art at the interface between information theory and data science with this first unified treatment of the subject. Written by leading experts in a clear, tutorial style, and using consistent notation and definitions throughout, it shows how information-theoretic methods are being used in data acquisition, data representation, data analysis, and statistics and machine learning. Coverage is broad, with chapters on signal acquisition, data compression, compressive sensing, data communication, representation learning, emerging topics in statistics, and much more. Each chapter includes a topic overview, definition of the key problems, emerging and open problems, and an extensive reference list, allowing readers to develop in-depth knowledge and understanding. Providing a thorough survey of the current research area and cutting-edge trends, this is essential reading for graduate students and researchers working in information theory, signal processing, machine learning, and statistics.

How is cultural identity accomplished interactively? What happens when different cultural identities contact one another? This book presents a series of papers, from classic essays to original expositions, which respond to these questions. The view of communication offered here -- rather than ignoring culture, or making it a variable in an equation -- is based on cultural patterns and situated communication practices, unveiling the multiplicity of factors involved in particular times and places.
The contributors to this unusual volume represent a wide range of fields. Their equally diverse offerings will serve to clarify cultural distinctiveness in some communication phenomena, and lay groundwork for the identification of cross-cultural generalities in others.

This book takes Complexity Theory and applies it to medicine where it has previously made little ground. It provides new hypotheses for multiple common but misunderstood diseases. Doctors in particular will understand that many diseases have remained unsolved due to a linear approach to what are complex biological systems, and failure to understand and apply Complexity Theory. Therefore, many common conditions have no known cause and consequently treatments are either ineffectual or non-existant, when many of these diseases are in fact preventable. There is growing interest in non-linear science, dynamic systems, chaos and complexity theory. This trend has directly involved other sciences, including biology, but has been little touched on by medicine. Readers of this book will: * Understand the difference between Linear Science and Complexity Theory, and how medicine has failed to apply the latter. * Recognise the advantages of using this understanding to generate realistic hypotheses for cause of disease. * Read how hypotheses so generated have been formulated for a number of common diseases.

Information technology is arguably the most important scientific topic needed for understanding and participating in our increasingly complex technological world. Using simple physical arguments and extensive examples, Information and Measurement, Second Edition shows how this theory can be put into practice. Twice awarded the UK National Metrology Prize by the National Physical Laboratory for his outstanding contributions to measurement science and technology, the author includes the basic mathematical, physical, and engineering concepts required, illustrating their interrelationship in a clear, concise manner. The broad coverage includes topics taught in a variety of courses.
This book will be an invaluable study aid for senior undergraduate and graduate students in physics, electrical engineering, and computer science, specifically studying instrumentation, measurement science, and information science. It will also be a useful reference for practicing scientists and engineers.

This book discusses the application of complex adaptive systems theory to the design and evaluation of patient-centered medical homes (PCMHs). The three defining goals of PCMHs are to spread patient-care roles among healthcare team members, focus on disease prevention and include the patient in the healthcare team. It explains why some PCMH pilots are highly successful while others do not show much benefit, covers specific sub-theories that allow for bracketing of different aspects of the clinic system and highlights strategies by which institutions can engage in this process. Inter professional Education in Patient-Centered Medical Homes is a valuable resource for faculty and managers of health professions teaching clinics, deans of medical and health professional schools and medical administrators.

Information is a key issuein decision making in economics and business. Being 'in the know' confers strategic advantages to people, allowing them to lie and/or cheat on their uninformed opponents. However, itis possible that all sides end up worse off in such situations, compared with the likely outcome under full information.

This new text is designed to take students through the key issues to give an understanding of the impact of imperfect and asymmetric information in an economic context. At each stage Molho analyses and explains the key points using clear models that set the outcome under imperfect information against that under full information. The book is divided into four major sections covering:
Adverse selection.
Signalling.
Moral hazard.
Mechanical design under imperfect information.

Each section also covers experimental studies that test the predictions of theory. This text is aimed mainly at undergraduate students and gives an accessible introduction to this crucial area of economic theory.

This book has become a favorite of K-12 teachers, university faculty, and corporate consultants. It provides short gaming exercises that illustrate the subtleties of systems thinking. The companion DVD shows the authors introducing and running each of the thirty games.The thirty games are classified by these areas of learning: Systems Thinking, Mental Models, Team Learning, Shared Vision, and Personal Mastery. Each description clearly explains when, how, and why the game is useful. There are explicit instructions for debriefing each exercise as well as a list of all required materials. A summary matrix has been added for a quick glance at all thirty games. When you are in a hurry to find just the right initiative for some part of your course, the matrix will help you find it.Linda Booth Sweeney and Dennis Meadows both have many years of experience in teaching complex concepts. This book reflects their insights. Every game works well and provokes a deep variety of new insights about paradigms, system boundaries, causal-loop diagrams, reference modes, and leverage points. Each of the thirty exercises here was tested and refined many times until it became a reliable source of learning. Some of the games are adapted from classics of the outdoor education field. Others are completely new. But all of them complement readings and lectures to help participants understand intuitively the principles of systems thinking.

This volume launches a series that will focus on providing chapters that advance our understanding of human performance in organizational systems as cognitive engineering principles are applied. Topics addressed in this volume include: a historical review of a cognitive engineering research at a national laboratory; an adaptive learning system approach to designing an integrated-embedded training system; application of PRONET, a method that provides a useful representation of sequences of behaviour in a human-machine interaction; application of CTA, a method to explain the mental processes involved in performing a task; application of human performance modelling technologies in system design and evaluation; a review of training critical thinking skills that individuals and teams require in changing environments; a review of commercial simulations for team research; and research paradigms for human performance research in complex systems.

This unique introduction to the foundational concepts of cyber-physical systems (CPS) describes key design principles and emerging research trends in detail. Several interdisciplinary applications are covered, with a focus on the wide-area management of infrastructures including electric power systems, air transportation networks, and health care systems. Design, control and optimization of cyber-physical infrastructures are discussed, addressing security and privacy issues of networked CPS, presenting graph-theoretic and numerical approaches to CPS evaluation and monitoring, and providing readers with the knowledge needed to operate CPS in a reliable, efficient, and secure manner. Exercises are included. This is an ideal resource for researchers and graduate students in electrical engineering and computer science, as well as for practitioners using cyber-physical systems in aerospace and automotive engineering, medical technology, and large-scale infrastructure operations.

"Systemic thinking" is the process of understanding how systems influence one another within a world of systems and has been defined as an approach to problem solving by viewing "problems" as parts of an overall system, rather than reacting to a specific part, outcome, or event. This book provides a complete overview of systemic thinking, exploring a framework and graphical technique for understanding and identifying new ways to more efficiently solve problems and create solutions. Demystifying the conjunction of systems concepts and systemic diagramming techniques, this comprehensive pocket guide introduces and explains the basis of systemigrams, how to create a systemigram and a SystemiShow, illuminates multiple complex problems, and provides an overview of what purpose they serve for today's industry professionals. Systemic Thinking: Building Maps for Worlds of Systems: * Includes illustrative systemigrams and case studies * Includes the SystemiTool software, developed by the authors * Provides an overview of systemic thinking, particularly with regard to systemigrams * Incorporates graphical representations of systemigrams * Instructs how and when to implement a systemigram when a problem arises An invaluable book for industry professionals specifically, technical leaders in industry and business trying to confront complex problems Systemic Thinking is also ideal for postgraduate students in engineering and business management.

Successfully communicating with people from another culture requires learning more than just their language. While fumbling a word or phrase may cause embarrassment, breaking the unspoken cultural rules that govern personal interactions can spell disaster for businesspeople, travelers, and indeed anyone who communicates across cultural boundaries. To help you avoid such damaging gaffes, Tracy Novinger has compiled this authoritative, practical guide for deciphering and following "the rules" that govern cultures, demonstrating how these rules apply to the communication issues that exist between the United States and Mexico.

Novinger begins by explaining how a major proportion of communication within a culture occurs nonverbally through behavior and manners, shared attitudes, common expectations, and so on. Then, using real-life examples and anecdotes, she pinpoints the commonly occurring obstacles to communication that can arise when cultures differ in their communication techniques. She shows how these obstacles come into play in contacts between the U.S. and Mexico and demonstrates that mastering the unspoken rules of Mexican culture is a key to cementing business and social relationships. Novinger concludes with nine effective, reliable principles for successfully communicating across cultures.

A real estate investment professional currently residing in Austin, Texas, Tracy Novinger writes from extensive research and her personal experiences of living and working in cultures as diverse as Aruba and Tahiti. She was born in the Caribbean, studied in Brazilian schools, speaks several languages, has traveled extensively, and has a master's degree in communications.

The book consists of papers on selected topics of dependability analysis in computer systems and networks which were discussed during the 17th DepCoS-RELCOMEX conference held in Wroclaw, Poland, from June 27th to July 1st, 2022. Their collection will be an interesting source material for scientists, researchers, practitioners and students who are dealing with design, analysis and engineering of computer systems and networks and must ensure their dependable operation. Being probably the most complex technical systems ever engineered by man (and also, the most dynamically evolving ones), organization of contemporary computer systems and networks cannot be interpreted only as a structure built on the base of unreliable technical resources. Their evaluation must take into account a unique blend of interacting people, networks (together with mobile properties, cloud organization, Internet of Everything, etc.) and a large number of users dispersed geographically and constantly producing an unconceivable number of applications. Research methods being continuously developed for dependability analyses apply newest results of artificial and computational intelligence. Selection of papers in this book illustrates broad range of topics, often multi-disciplinary, which is considered in present-day dependability explorations; it also reveals an increasing role of the latest methods based on machine/deep learning and neural networks in these studies.