During the past decade, neuroendoscopy has undergone a variety of technological improvements, and both indications and techniques have been significantly refined. As a result, neuroendoscopy is now used in the treatment of many more patients, enabling the performance of previously unavailable operations with low complication rates and rapid patient recovery. This book presents the distilled experience of world experts in this evolving field. Current applications are explained in detail and likely future developments are identified. Among the topics discussed are the neuroendoscopic management of hydrocephalus, a wide variety of tumors, colloid and suprasellar arachnoid cysts, Chiari malformation, and craniosynostosis; the use of neuroendoscopic techniques in improving altered CSF physiology; and the status of neuroendoscopically assisted neurosurgery. In addition, the available neuroendoscopic instruments are reviewed and the results of international trials and collaborative studies, presented. This book will fully acquaint the reader with the breadth and depth of available neuroendoscopy techniques and their impressive therapeutic potential. It should serve as the reference bok on neuroendoscopy for the next 10 years.

Unique resource provides spine surgeons with the right tools and mindset to perform minimally invasive surgery Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery: A Primer by Luis Manuel Tumialan is the ideal introduction to minimally invasive spine approaches, especially for neurosurgery and orthopedic residents, fellows, and spine surgeons who want to incorporate minimally invasive approaches into their practice. The Primer offers a treasure trove of 3D illustrations and animations that virtually brings the aspiring minimally invasive spine surgeon into the operating room alongside their professor. The text starts with a discussion of open spine surgery versus minimally invasive procedures and the optimal mindset required to convert from one to the other. The book is divided into lumbar, cervical, and thoracic spine sections, and a fourth section dedicated to the fundamentals of fluoroscopy and radiation exposure. The text begins with an overview, history, and evolution of each procedure, followed by a discussion of the anatomical basis for using a minimally invasive approach. Each anatomical section starts with the least complicated surgeries, thereby laying the foundation for more complex procedures discussed in subsequent chapters. The third section focuses on thoracic decompression, nerve sheath tumors in the lumbar and thoracic spine, and management of metastatic disease and intradural extramedullary lesions. Key Features Single-authored text provides uniform readability and philosophy-cover to cover Lumbar approaches include microdiscectomy, laminectomy, transforaminal interbody fusions, and the transpsoas approach Cervical procedures encompass posterior foraminotomy, laminectomy, and anterior discectomy Superb illustrations, high-fidelity anatomical animations based on computer modeling, and procedural videos enhance understanding of minimally invasive spine principles This unique, single-author Primer is a must-have resource for early-career spine surgeons who wish to learn minimally invasive principles, as well as veteran surgeons who have a desire to incorporate minimally invasive spine surgery into clinical practice. This book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com.

Since its introduction about sixty years ago, stereotactic and functional neurosurgery has evolved into a fascinating and interdisciplinary endeavor that combines modern neurosurgery, neurobiology, and neuroimaging with innovative diagnostic and treatment strategies. In this collection, acknowledged experts from Europe and North and South America present their scientific and clinical experience in stereotactic and functional neurosurgery for movement disorders and brain tumors. The contributions present a wide range from the beginnings of human stereotactic neurosurgery to the most modern molecular and restorative strategies to treat diseases of the human nervous system. They clearly demonstrate that the discipline is still young and dynamic with alternative and sometimes competing strategies whose evaluation is underway. They also document that operative lesioning techniques such as thalamotomies, though still chosen under certain circumstances, have been succeeded by novel neuromodulation techniques such as deep brain stimulation in the great majority of clinical cases.

Outstanding endoscopic skull base surgical resource presents cutting-edge approaches from multidisciplinary global experts Transnasal endoscopic skull base and brain surgery have undergone major technical advances in recent years. The accumulation of experience and exciting technological innovations - including high-definition cameras, more ergonomic and precise surgical instruments, as well as new hemostatic agents - have enabled safer and more efficacious treatment of lesions affecting highly complex and delicate regions. This fully revised and updated second edition of Transnasal Endoscopic Skull Base and Brain Surgery: Surgical Anatomy and its Applications builds on the acclaimed first edition, focusing on the correlation between endoscopic skull base anatomy and state-of-the-art clinical applications. Among these are the transplanum/transtuberculum, transcribrifom, transclival, and craniocervical junction surgical approaches. Renowned skull base surgeon Aldo Stamm and leading worldwide experts have compiled a comprehensive multidisciplinary textbook with 72 chapters in 14 sections, didactically organized by regions and diseases. Detailed descriptions of sinonasal, orbital, cranial base, and intracranial anatomy, imaging modalities, and in-depth surgical navigation techniques form the foundation of this remarkable book. The content reflects significant knowledge and diverse perspectives from masters in neurosurgery, otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery, neuroendocrinology, intensive care, neuro-anesthesiology, and other disciplines. Key Highlights Chapter summaries and highlights facilitate understanding and retention of complex concepts More than 700 beautiful anatomical, operative, and dissection illustrations and photographs enhance understanding of impacted areas 20 accompanying videos provide guidance on endoscopic transnasal approaches in patients with diverse skull base diseases Pearls, pitfalls, and nuances throughout this book provide invaluable insights on achieving optimal outcomes Neurosurgeons, otolaryngologists-head and neck surgeons, and others will greatly benefit from the step-by-step endoscopic procedural guidance and tips in this quintessential skull base surgical reference. This book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com.

This book offers an updated and comprehensive review of the role of vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty and augmentation techniques in all fields of orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery, and interventional radiology. Addressing the latest advances in terms of the materials used and combined approaches with other mini-invasive techniques, it reveals how vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty and various augmentation techniques could become instrumental to helping patients with specific vertebral compression fractures or other diseases of the vertebral column. The book includes a detailed history of the techniques' development, descriptions of the materials used in the last twenty years, and extensive information on the biomechanical basis, anatomy and current indications for vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty and augmentation. In addition, it highlights representative cases to enhance readers' understanding of each topic, and particular attention is paid to the innovative evolution of the techniques and to their combination with other mini-invasive approaches, stents and brachytherapy. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable guide for all neurosurgeons, orthopedic surgeons, and interventional radiologists whose work involves spine pathologies and their treatment.

This book describes and illustrates state-of-the-art techniques in laser spine surgery. Laser technology has revolutionized surgeries in many specialties to perform minimally invasive and cutting-edge procedures. Recent advances in spinal surgery have led to the increasingly widespread use of minimally invasive techniques based on endoscopy and microscopy. Nevertheless, the application of laser in the context of spinal surgery remains less well known, and the aim of this book is to present practical usage of laser in spine surgery to our readers. A wide variety of minimally invasive approaches to spine surgery using CO2, Ho: YAG, and Nd: YAG lasers are presented in detail, with a discussion of equipment and specific recommendations on laser settings. Care has been taken to ensure that the content is faithful to the fundamental principles of spine surgery and evidence-based medicine. The book will be an essential resource for all who use or are intending to use lasers in spine surgery.

The perioperative neuroscience is a specialty that is continuously evolving. This specialty depends on the integration of neuroanaesthesiology, neurology, neurointensive care, neuroradiology, neurointeventional radiology and neurosurgery. This book provides in-depth information for the most recent evidence-based advances in perioperative neurosciences. It includes research on postoperative cognitive dysfunctions, the effect of anaesthetics on the growing brain, the new theories for the development of cerebral aneurysm and cerebral vasospasm, and many more. A unique feature of the book is the world-renowned authorities in anaesthesiology, neurosurgery, neurointensive care, neurology, and neuroradiology and neurointeventional radiology who helped compile it. Consequently, this book will give the reader a unique opportunity to have in-depth coverage for the most recent advances in this very important specialty.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the management of brain and skull base tumors. It features detailed insight into the intrinsic molecular biology, anatomical foundation, radiological planning, surgical execution, and the novel therapeutics that guide today's treatment regimens. The first section features concepts related to the epidemiology and pathological basis of disease processes, including relevant cellular and molecular biology. In the second section, integral anatomical foundations and principles are covered including microsurgical anatomy of the cerebrum, white matter tracts, ventricles, brainstem, skull base, advancements in radiological imaging, and cognitive examinations. Surgical approaches and how to execute these procedures are then subsequently discussed in the third part of the work. Principles of Neuro-Oncology: Brain & Skull Base is a practically applicable guide to the latest treatment techniques available to treat these patients. Therefore, it is an indispensable resource for all physicians who utilize these methodologies in their day-to-day practice.

Non-idiopathic early onset scoliosis represents a true challenge to the physician due to the significance of the ongoing growth of the spine, the risk of curve progression, and the risk of pulmonary insufficiency. A comprehensive review of the growth mechanisms of spine in infancy forms the basis of the book. Clinical evaluation and imaging of early onset scoliosis contribute to the diagnostic overview. The main causes of non-idiopathic early onset scoliosis are briefly described in the second part of the book. The last group of chapters presents the conservative and surgical treatments that are available along with their results, chances and challenges. This comprehensive guide is an opportunity for every specialist involved in the treatment of these severe deformities, to obtain an update of the actual trends and knowledge in the field in a one-point reference.

Fully illustrated and enhanced with accompanying video clips, this comprehensive text presents the clinical evaluation and management of brachial plexus injuries and reconstruction, both for adult patients and birth injuries. Divided into two main sections, part one covers adult brachial plexus injuries, discussing the relevant anatomy and biology, epidemiology, and associated injuries. The main focus, however, is on diagnosis - the clinical exam as well as neurodiagnostic and radiographic evaluation - and surgical management approaches and techniques, including nerve grafting and transfers, tendon and muscle transfers, and joint fusion. Related topics are presented in chapters on sensory reinnervation, neuropathic pain management, the role of amputation and prosthetics, and pre- and post-surgical therapy protocols. Brachial plexus birth injury is described in part two, also focusing mainly on diagnosis and management but with an emphasis on the fact that babies are not small adults and special considerations are warranted. This section concludes with chapters on the management of late complications and long-term sequelae. A comprehensive surgical text on brachial plexus injuries has not been previously attempted. Filling a large gap in the literature, Operative Brachial Plexus Surgery is the go-to resource for adult and birth related brachial plexus reconstruction for orthopedic surgeons, neurosurgeons, plastics surgeons, and their trainees.

The aim of this book is to provide clinicians and medical students with basic knowledge of the most common neurosurgical disorders. There is a vast array of signs and symptoms that every clinician should recognize as neurosurgical affectations, allowing them to identify when to refer the patient to a neurosurgeon. In this text, the editors intend to bridge the gap between clinical medicine and neurosurgery, making neurosurgical practice understandable to a wider medical public. The book provides a smooth transition from neuroanatomy, neurophysiology and neurological examination to neurosurgery, focusing more on the knowledge underlying neurosurgical practice rather than on surgical technique. The core of the book is composed of chapters discussing each of the most important medical conditions that deserve neurosurgical intervention, providing key information on diagnosis, clinical aspects, disease management, surgical procedures and prognosis. Moreover, complementary discussion of the frontiers and advances in neurosurgery are also covered. In this sense, this book has two main goals and intended audiences. First, and primarily, it is intended for clinicians in a wide array of non-surgical medical specialties (such as general practitioners, neurologists, pediatricians, oncologists and others) aiming to give an overview on important characteristics and initial management of the most prevalent disorders treated by neurosurgeons. Second, and to a lesser degree, it is intended to be used as a practical guide for medical students who are initiating their study in neurosurgical sciences. Fundamentals of Neurosurgery - A Guide for Clinicians and Medical Students intends to be a comprehensive guide for all non-neurosurgeons who want to broaden their knowledge of neurosurgery.

An essential backpack-size resource on the treatment of pediatric neurological conditions Pediatric neurosurgery has witnessed considerable technological advances, resulting in more efficacious outcomes for young patients with hydrocephalus, epilepsy, brain tumors, spinal deformities, and a host of other conditions. The art of pediatric neurosurgery is a delicate balancing act—taking into account child and parents and emotional and disease challenges. As such, the management of serious neurological conditions in pediatric patients must encompass the big picture in addition to treating underlying pathologies. Handbook of Pediatric Neurosurgery by George Jallo, Karl Kothbauer, and Violette Recinos covers the full depth and breadth of this uniquely rewarding subspecialty including congenital, developmental, and acquired disorders. The latest information is provided on anatomy, radiological imaging, and principles guiding the surgical and nonsurgical management of a full spectrum of neurological pathologies impacting infants and children. The book is divided into 11 sections and 56 chapters with state-of-the-art procedures, best practices, and clinical pearls from top pediatric neurosurgeons. Key Features Cranial disorders including Chiari malformations, encephaloceles, Dandy-Walker malformation, and craniosynostosis Benign and malignant tumors—from the hypothalamus and optic pathways to the brainstem and spinal column Spinal abnormalities such as spina bifida, tethered cord, and scoliosis Clinical questions and answers at the end of chapters—ideal for self-testing and exam prep Comprehensive and compact, this is the perfect backpack reference for neurosurgery residents and pediatric neurosurgery fellows to carry on rounds. It is also a must-have resource for seasoned pediatric neurosurgeons and all practitioners entrusted with the neurological care of pediatric patients.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) permits noninvasive imaging of the "human brain at work" under physiological conditions. This is the first textbook on clinical fMRI. It is devoted to preoperative fMRI in patients with brain tumors and epilepsies, which are the most well-established clinical applications. By localizing and lateralizing specific brain functions, as well as epileptogenic zones, fMRI facilitates the selection of a safe treatment and the planning and performance of function-preserving neurosurgery. State of the art fMRI procedures are presented, with detailed consideration of the physiological and methodological background, imaging and data processing, normal and pathological findings, diagnostic possibilities and limitations, and other related techniques. All chapters are written by recognized experts in their fields, and the book is designed to be of value to beginners, trained clinicians and experts alike.

This book fills the gap between the increasing demand for epilepsy surgical experience and limited training facilities in this area. It comprehensively describes surgical techniques, including tricks and pitfalls, based on the author's 30 years of experience, providing optimal and effective training for young neurosurgeons by avoiding learning by trial and error. Moreover, it also includes useful information for epileptologists and other professionals involved in the epilepsy surgical program to allow them to gain a better understanding of possibilities and limitations of epilepsy surgery.

Biportal endoscopic spine surgery has been rapidly developed recently, and Unilateral biportal endoscopic spine (UBE) surgery may be new stream in spine surgery. UBE surgery is a new concept of surgery that is different from the existing one portal endoscopic surgery, and has the advantage of being familiar with spinal surgeons as the surgical anatomy is similar to a general surgical method, and the learning curve period is short. The 4mm diameter endoscope provides a very clear image, and it can be safely operated under magnified and clear endoscopic view. It is also available to use general surgical instruments in addition to endoscopic surgical instruments during UBE approaches. Currently it is being performed not only in the lumbar spine, but also in the cervical and thoracic spine. In addition, simple laminectomy, disc removal, and spinal fusion are possible. With the advancement of UBE surgery, spinal surgeons from various countries have been performing UBE in recent years, and it is gradually spreading to the world. This will be the first book summarizing from basic to advanced techniques with abundant illustrations and video aid for easy understanding.

In 1910, L'Espinasse performed the first neurosurgical endoscopic procedure for choroid plexus electrocoagulation in an infant with hydrocephalus, by use of a cystoscope. One infant was successfully treated. Walter Dandy used an endoscope to perform an unsuccessful choroid plexectomy in 1922. The next year, Mixter, using a urethroscope, performed the first successful endoscopic third ventriculostomy in a 9-month-old girl with obstructive hydrocephalus. In 1935, Scarff reported his initial results about endoscopic third ventriculostomy using a novel endoscope. His ventriculoscope had an irrigation system to prevent intraventricular collapse and was equipped with a flexible unipolar probe. In 1952, Nulsen and Spitz began the era of ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting, marking the end of the initial era of neuroendoscopy. This dark period for neuroendoscopy continued until 1970s. However, in this period image capabilities of endoscopes improved with technological developments. In 1978, Vries demonstrated that ETVs were technically feasible using a fiberoptic endoscope to treat patients with hydrocephalus. In 1990, Jones and colleagues described a 50% shunt-free success rate for ETV in 24 patients with various forms of hydrocephalus. Four years later, the same group reported an improved success rate of 61% in a series of 103 patients. Currently, ETV is primarily used to treat obstructive hydrocephalus due to benign aqueductal stenosis or compressive periaqueductal mass lesions. Modern shunt-free success rates range from 80 to 95%. The field of neuroendoscopy has extended beyond ventricular procedures. The endoscope is currently used for all types of neurosurgically treatable diseases such as obstructive hydrocephalus, various intraventricular lesions, hypothalamic hamartomas, craniosynostosis, skull base tumors, and spinal lesions and rare subtypes of hydrocephalus. With the evolution of surgical techniques, endoscopy has emerged as a suitable alternative to many instances of more invasive methods. Surgeons using a neuroendoscope can perform many complex operations through very small incisions. Nowadays, neurosurgeons prefer neuroendoscopic surgery for many different lesions because of less damage to healthy tissue, low complication rate and excellent results. Neuroendoscopic surgery is a specialty within neurosurgery and requires a neurosurgeon to undergo specialized training. In this book, we focused on neuroendoscopic procedures and challenges. We have created this book with the hope that it can be a guide for neurosurgeons who are interested in neuroendoscopic interventions.

This comprehensive book focuses on neurosurgical aspects of the pineal gland. By covering virtually all aspects of the pineal gland, it fills an important gap in the neurosurgical literature. Further, it approaches this vital component of the human brain from various angles: embryology, anatomy, physiology, pathology, radiology and surgical techniques.More than 70 single-best-answer multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are distributed throughout the chapters. Offering an essential review for residents and surgeons across neurosurgical disciplines and containing most of the critical information needed to prepare for both the primary and certification exam, the book will also be of interest to neurologists, neuroscientists and medical students.

A complete guide to improving stroke treatment and patient outcomes from international experts! Of the more than 795,000 estimated strokes that occur annually in the U.S., 87% are ischemic due to blockages, while the remaining 13% are hemorrhagic associated with spontaneous bleeding in the brain. Ischemic Stroke Management: Medical, Interventional and Surgical Management by esteemed neurosurgeons Alejandro Spiotta, Roberto Crosa, and an impressive group of international contributors details evidence-based medical, interventional, and neurosurgical treatment of ischemic stroke. Twelve chapters cover complete management of ischemic stroke, from symptom manifestation to interventions in the ER, OR, and NICU. The first chapters cover stroke epidemiology, intravenous thrombolysis in stroke, and the crucial role stroke centers play in ensuring timely treatment of this devastating disease. Subsequent chapters discuss diagnostic imaging techniques in acute ischemic stroke, neurosurgical interventions for hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, and neuroanesthesia considerations. Key Features With contributions from South America to Europe, North America to Asia, authors share diverse experiences treating stroke patients, delivering a unique international perspective Endovascular neurosurgery ischemic stroke approaches and discussion of scientific evidence Mechanical thrombectomy utilizing Catch, Trevo, and Solitaire stent retrievers and the evolution of direct clot aspiration approaches Special topics include neurocritical care of acute ischemic stroke, pediatric stroke, and emerging state-of-the-art techniques Truly global viewpoints encompassed in this unique book make it a must-read for trainee and veteran neurosurgeons and interventional neuroradiologists across the world. This resource is also an essential bookshelf addition for medical centers worldwide that treat stroke patients. This book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com.

This book presents the essential steps involved in diagnosing and treating pain due to peripheral nerve injury and compression. In the first chapter, the relevant anatomy and diagnostic tools to identify peripheral-nerve-related issues are described. The main part of the book, however, deals with the surgical techniques to address specific types of peripheral nerve pain, e.g. neuroma, thoracic outlet or migraine. A step-by-step, practical approach is provided, including important aspects to consider both pre- and post-op. The procedures presented are minimally-invasive and maximally effective. Each chapter features detailed surgical illustrations and anatomical images. Chronic pain control is a growing need and minimally invasive yet effective surgical techniques, combining the competences of neurosurgery, plastic surgery, orthopedics, general surgery, pain management and neurology are in high demand. The increasing demand on the part of patients suffering from neuropathic pain is to date not matched by adequate practical training in peripheral nerve surgery to control pain. The authors are experts in this discipline "from head to toe" and present a valuable guide that provides medical students and experienced clinicians alike with useful information for their daily practice.

This updated second edition provides a practical and succinct overview of basic neuropathology. Key concepts and basic principles are covered and discussed with particular focus on recent advances, classification, and genetics. Practical points are included to detail how to best use the neuropathology service and interpret the results of pathological tests. Neuropathology Simplified aims to aid the development of multidisciplinary teams and help clinical trainees understand recent advances in neuropathological disorders. The book is also relevant to trainee and resident neurologists, pathologists, and neurosurgeons.

This book describes and illustrates an approach to surgery for spinal cord tumors that is based on a refined concept of anatomic compartmentalization. The aim of this approach is to enable maximum preservation of spinal cord function through confinement of the surgical work to the involved compartment or compartments. Importantly, this involvement differs according to tumor type, and the classification favored by the author takes this fully into account. After introductory chapters on epidemiology and pathology, the anatomy of the spinal cord relevant to surgery for spinal cord tumors is discussed in detail and the proposed classification is clearly explained. The surgical approach to each of the identified anatomic compartments is then described, with attention to the roles of intraoperative mapping techniques, diffusion tensor imaging, and electrophysiologic studies in ensuring that spinal cord functions are spared. Examples of the author's experience when applying the proposed approach are presented. The book is meant for neurosurgeons at all levels of experience.