On September 27 - October 3, 2008 the NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) on progress in high-energy physics and nuclear safety was held in Yalta, Crimea (see: http: //crimea.bitp.kiev.ua and http: //arw.bitp.kiev.ua). Nearly 50 leading experts in high-energy and nuclear physics from Eastern and Western Europe as well as from North America participated at the Workshop. The topics of the ARW covered recent results of theoretical and experimental studies in high-energy physics, accelerator, detection and nuclear technologies, as well as problems of nuclear safety in high-energy experimentation and in nuclear - dustry. The forthcoming experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN and cosmic-ray experiments were among the topics of the ARW. An important aspect of the Workshop was the scienti?c collaboration between nuclear physicists from East and West, especially in the ?eld of nuclear safety. The present book contains a selection of invited talks presented at the ARW. The papers are grouped in two part

The IAEA has developed a comprehensive methodology for evaluating nuclear security culture. When implemented by a State, this methodology will help to make nuclear security culture sustainable. It will also promote cooperation and the sharing of good practices related to nuclear security culture. This publication is the first guidance for assessing nuclear security culture and analysing its strengths and weaknesses within a facility or activity, or an organization. It reflects, within the context of assessment, the nuclear security culture model, principles and criteria set out in the Implementing Guide, IAEA Nuclear Security Series No. 7. This guidance will be useful for organizations and operating facilities in conducting the self-assessment of nuclear security culture by providing practical methods and tools. It will also help regulatory bodies and other competent authorities to understand the self-assessment methodology used by operators, encourage operators to start the self-assessment process or, if appropriate, conduct independent assessments of nuclear security culture.

Bei der Energiegewinnung aus Atomkernen entstehen radioaktive Abfalle. Deren radioaktive Strahlung ist fur belebte Materie ausserordentlich schadlich. Solche Strahlenschaden werden besprochen und mit der naturlichen Strahlenbelastung verglichen. Der Atommull muss sorgfaltig entsorgt werden, was bis heute kaum geschieht. Die Moeglichkeiten und Probleme einer sicheren Endlagerung werden diskutiert.

Dieses Buch wurde von einem ehemaligen Nuklearinspektor der Internationalen Atomenergiebehoerde (IAEO) und Experten fur nukleare Sicherheit geschrieben und bietet einen umfassenden und authentischen UEberblick uber die aktuellen globalen Entwicklungen im Nuklearbereich. Der Autor gibt detaillierte Einblicke in aktuelle und vergangene Nuklearkrisen und legt die technischen Fahigkeiten, politischen Strategien und Motive der Besitzer von Atomwaffen offen. Durch die Analyse der Nuklearprogramme und -strategien verschiedener Lander, darunter die USA, Russland, China, Grossbritannien und Frankreich, verdeutlicht dieses Buch die bestehende globale nukleare Bedrohung und die damit verbundenen Risiken fur die Menschheit. Es beschreibt auch die derzeitigen Blockaden und zeigt moegliche Auswege auf. Aufgrund seines Umfangs wird das Buch Wissenschaftler und politische Entscheidungstrager ansprechen, die daran interessiert sind, neue Einblicke in sensible oder komplexe Nuklearprogramme verschiedener Lander zu gewinnen.

Nuclear engineers advancing the energy transition are understanding more about the next generation of nuclear plants; however, it is still difficult to access all the critical types, concepts, and applications in one location. Advanced Reactor Concepts (ARC): A New Nuclear Power Plant Perspective Producing Energy gives engineers and nuclear engineering researchers the comprehensive tools to get up to date on the latest technology supporting generation IV nuclear plant systems. After providing a brief history of this area, alternative technology is discussed such as electromagnetic pumps, heat pipes as control devices, Nuclear Air-Brayton Combined Cycles integration, and instrumentation helping nuclear plants to provide dispatchable electricity to the grid and heat to industry. Packed with examples of all the types, benefits, and challenges involved, Advanced Reactor Concepts (ARC) delivers the go-to reference that engineers need to advance safe nuclear energy as a low-carbon option.

On March 11, 2011, fifty minutes after a magnitude 9.0 earthquake hit eastern Japan, a tsunami 45-feet high engulfed the nuclear power plant known as Fukushima Daiichi, knocking out electrical power and all the reactors' safety systems. Three reactor cores experienced meltdowns in the first three days, leading to an unimaginable nuclear disaster. The person the Tokyo Electric Power Company called for help was Dr. Chuck Casto. In Station Blackout, Chuck Casto, the foremost authority on responding to nuclear disasters, shares his first-hand account of how he led the collaborative team of Japanese and American experts that faced the challenges of Fukushima. A lifetime of working in the nuclear industry prepared him to manage an extreme crisis, lessons that apply to any crisis situation.

With the World desperate to find energy sources that do not emit carbon gasses, nuclear power is back on the agenda and in the news, following the increasing cost of fossil fuels and concerns about the security of their future supply. However, the term 'nuclear power' causes anxiety in many people and there is confusion concerning the nature and extent of the associated risks. Here, Maxwell Irvine presents a concise introduction to the development of nuclear physics leading up to the emergence of the nuclear power industry. He discusses the nature of nuclear energy and deals with various aspects of public concern, considering the risks of nuclear safety, the cost of its development, and waste disposal. Dispelling some of the widespread confusion about nuclear energy, Irvine considers the relevance of nuclear power, the potential of nuclear fusion, and encourages informed debate about its potential. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

The transport of radioactive material is an essential activity worldwide. Both safety and security during transport are matters of national and international importance. This publication is the latest edition of the IAEA Safety Requirements for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material. It is supported by six IAEA Safety Guides which provide explanation and guidance for the SSR-6 requirements to facilitate harmonized implementation. The SSR-6 Regulations apply to the transport of radioactive material by all modes on land, water, or in the air, including transport that is incidental to the use of the radioactive material. Transport comprises all operations and conditions associated with, and involved in, the movement of radioactive material; these include the design, manufacture, maintenance and repair of packaging, and the preparation, consigning, loading, carriage including in-transit storage, unloading and receipt at the final destination of loads of radioactive material and packages. These requirements form an integral part of regulations worldwide, therefore SSR-6 and its associated guidance documents are a requisite source of guidance information for governments, regulators, and all individuals involved in the aforementioned activities of transport of radioactive material.

The transport of radioactive material is an essential activity worldwide. Both safety and security during transport are matters of national and international importance. This publication is the latest edition of the IAEA Safety Requirements for the safe transport of radioactive material. It is supported by six IAEA Safety Guides which provide explanation and guidance for the SSR-6 requirements to facilitate harmonized implementation. The SSR-6 Regulations apply to the transport of radioactive material by all modes on land, water, or in the air, including transport that is incidental to the use of the radioactive material. Transport comprises all operations and conditions associated with, and involved in, the movement of radioactive material; these include the design, manufacture, maintenance and repair of packaging, and the preparation, consigning, loading, carriage including in-transit storage, unloading and receipt at the final destination of loads of radioactive material and packages. These requirements form an integral part of regulations worldwide, therefore SSR-6 and its associated guidance documents are a requisite source of guidance information for governments, regulators, and all individuals involved in the aforementioned activities of transport of radioactive material. These requirements are adopted into the UN Model Regulations which are subsequently adopted by the IMDG Code by the International Maritime Organisation for shipment by sea and by the International Civil Aviation Organization Technical Instructions for shipment by air. Both the IMDG Code and the ICAO Technical Instructions are globally implemented and mandatory. Land transport is the responsibility of the national government of each Member State, and the SSR-6 requirements are adopted for national transport safety regulations for shipments on land.

Decommissioning is the last step in the lifetime management of an authorized facility and it must be considered during the design, construction, commissioning and operation of such facilities. This publication provides guidance on how to comply with requirements for the safe decommissioning of nuclear power plants, research reactors, and other nuclear fuel cycle facilities. It addresses all the aspects of decommissioning that are required to ensure safety including: roles and responsibilities, strategy and planning for decommissioning, conduct of decommissioning actions and completion of decommissioning. It is intended for use by those working in policy and strategy development, planning, implementation and regulatory control of decommissioning.

This open access book examines key aspects of international cooperation to enhance nuclear safety, security, safeguards, and nonproliferation, thereby assisting in development and maintenance of the verification regime and fostering progress toward a nuclear weapon-free world. Current challenges are discussed and attempts made to identify possible solutions and future improvements, considering scientific developments that have the potential to increase the effectiveness of implementation of international regimes, particularly in critical areas, technology foresight, and the ongoing evaluation of current capabilities.

This open access book discusses the eroding economics of nuclear power for electricity generation as well as technical, legal, and political acceptance issues. The use of nuclear power for electricity generation is still a heavily disputed issue. Aside from technical risks, safety issues, and the unsolved problem of nuclear waste disposal, the economic performance is currently a major barrier. In recent years, the costs have skyrocketed especially in the European countries and North America. At the same time, the costs of alternatives such as photovoltaics and wind power have significantly decreased.

This book provides a systematic and comprehensive introduction to the neutronics of advanced nuclear systems, covering all key aspects, from the fundamental theories and methodologies to a wide range of advanced nuclear system designs and experiments. It is the first-ever book focusing on the neutronics of advanced nuclear systems in the world. Compared with traditional nuclear systems, advanced nuclear systems are characterized by more complex geometry and nuclear physics, and pose new challenges in terms of neutronics. Based on the achievements and experiences of the author and his team over the past few decades, the book focuses on the neutronics characteristics of advanced nuclear systems and introduces novel neutron transport methodologies for complex systems, high-fidelity calculation software for nuclear design and safety evaluation, and high-intensity neutron source and technologies for neutronics experiments. At the same time, it describes the development of various neutronics designs for advanced nuclear systems, including neutronics design for ITER, CLEAR and FDS series reactors. The book not only summarizes the progress and achievements of the author's research work, but also highlights the latest advances and investigates the forefront of the field and the road ahead.

Control analysis and design of large nuclear reactors requires a suitable mathematical model representing the steady state and dynamic behavior of the reactor with reasonable accuracy. This task is, however, quite challenging because of several complex dynamic phenomena existing in a reactor. Quite often, the models developed would be of prohibitively large order, non-linear and of complex structure not readily amenable for control studies. Moreover, the existence of simultaneously occurring dynamic variations at different speeds makes the mathematical model susceptible to numerical ill-conditioning, inhibiting direct application of standard control techniques. This monograph introduces a technique for mathematical modeling of large nuclear reactors in the framework of multi-point kinetics, to obtain a comparatively smaller order model in standard state space form thus overcoming these difficulties. It further brings in innovative methods for controller design for systems exhibiting multi-time-scale property, with emphasis on three-time-scale systems.

This book offers a complete panorama of the pressurized water reactor industry, beginning from its origin in the USA and the realization of nuclear engines for naval propulsion, to its most recent developments in the field of civil energy production, particularly in France with the 56 reactors of the multinational electric utility company, Electricite de France (EDF). This comprehensive two-volume masterwork features detailed descriptions of all the crucial components driving a pressurized water nuclear reactor. Volume 1 deals with the main components, such as the main primary circuit, the reactor core, and the steam generators. Volume 2 covers the secondary circuit and the cold source, including components such as the turbine, condenser, alternator, transformers and power supply. Written by Serge Marguet, a leading specialist in reactor physics and author of several books on the subject, this book draws on his experience of more than 35 years in research and development at EDF, a global leader in civil nuclear energy. Featuring a richly illustrated, full-color iconography, as well as a detailed index and bibliography, The Technology of Pressurized Water Reactors is an indispensable work for seasoned nuclear energy professionals, as well as inquisitive newcomers to the field.

The book offers the first systematic account of Iran's foreign policy following the nuclear agreement (JCPOA) of July 14, 2015. The author evaluates in what ways the JCPOA, in conjunction with the dramatic changes taking shape in the international order, have affected Iran's foreign policy. Known as Normalizers, the moderate leadership under President Hassan Rouhani had planned to normalize Iran's foreign relations by curtailing terrorism and reintegrate Iran into the community of nations. Their hardline opponents, the Principalists, rejected the JCPOA as a tool of subjection to the West and insisted on exporting the Islamist revolution, a source of much destabilization and terror in the region and beyond. The project also analyzes the struggle between Normalizers and their hardline opponents with regards to global and regional issues and Iran's foreign policy towards global powers including the U.S., Russia, EU, and regional countries including Iraq, Syria, Israel, Saudi Arabia and Turkey.

The 2011 disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station led to serious radioactive contamination of the environment. Due to transportation by seasonal wind and ocean currents, these radioactive materials have now been observed in many places in the Northern Hemisphere. This book provides a unique summary of the environmental impact of the unprecedented accident. It covers how radioactive materials were transported through the atmosphere, oceans and land. The techniques used to investigate the deposition and migration processes are also discussed including atmospheric observation, soil mapping, forest and ecosystem investigations, and numerical simulations. With chapters written by international experts, this is a crucial resource for researchers working on the dispersion and impact of radionuclides in the environment. It also provides essential knowledge for nuclear engineers, social scientists and policymakers to help develop suitable mitigation measures to prepare for similar large-scale natural hazards in the future.

Das Buch behandelt die Energie als Mittel zur Entropieerzeugung, welche die Voraussetzung fur alle auf der Erde ablaufenden Prozesse ist. Die verfugbaren Energietrager werden unterschieden in erneuerbar und nichterneuerbar. Fur letztere wird ihre Reichweite mithilfe mathematischer Modelle berechnet, wobei die Entwicklung der Bevoelkerungszahlen und des Lebensstandards berucksichtigt werden. Anhand physikalischer Gesetze wird untersucht, in welchem Umfang erneuerbare Energien den Verlust an nichterneuerbaren Energien ersetzen koennen. Gleichzeitig definieren diese Gesetze eine Grenze, welche Wachstumsprozesse auf der Erde nicht uberschreiten durfen.

Is nuclear power a thing of the past or a technology for the future? Has it become too expensive and dangerous, or is it still competitive and sufficiently safe? Should emerging countries invest in it? Can we trust calculations of the probability of a major nuclear accident? In the face of divergent claims and contradictory facts, this book provides an in-depth and balanced economic analysis of the main controversies surrounding nuclear power. Without taking sides, it helps readers gain a better understanding of the uncertainties surrounding the costs, hazards, regulation and politics of nuclear power. Written several years on from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster of 2011, this is an important resource for students, researchers, energy professionals and concerned citizens wanting to engage with the continuing debate on the future of nuclear power and its place in international energy policy.

In dem vorliegenden Band wird naturwissenschaftlich-physikalische Hintergrundinformation zum Thema Energie bereitgestellt, um dem Leser objektive Bewertungskriterien fur die global hochaktuelle Diskussion der Zukunft unserer Energieversorgung an die Hand zu geben. Insbesondere ist es ein zentrales Anliegen, dem Leser eine Bilanzierung aller Quellen hinsichtlich der Einflussnahme ihrer Gewinnung und Verwendung auf die Umwelt zu erstellen und das jeweilige Risiko zueinander in Relation zu setzen. Nach Festlegung des Begriffes Energie und ihrer Erscheinungsformen werden globale Randbedingungen des Umgangs mit Energie aufgezeigt. Diese Randbedingungen werden sodann fur Deutschland als typischem Industrieland enger eingegrenzt. Die Palette infrage kommender Quellen, fossile, erneuerbare und nukleare, wird sodann im Detail vorgestellt. Ergiebigkeit der Ressourcen sowie sonstige Moglichkeiten und Grenzen des Einsatzes werden diskutiert; alle Energiequellen werden sodann nach Definition eines energetischen Erntefaktors miteinander verglichen. Die Speicher- und Transportmoglichkeiten und - hiermit eng verbunden - die Handlungsspielraume rationellen Umgangs mit den diversen Formen der Energie bilden einen weiteren Schwerpunkt. Der an naturwissenschaftlicher Hintergrundinformation interessierte Leser findet in einem gesonderten Kapitel eine detaillierte Prasentierung ausgewahlter Techniken."

Im Buch Reaktortechnik werden die physikalisch-technischen Grundlagen und deren konkrete Umsetzung in Kraftwerken beschrieben. Nach der Darstellung der kernphysikalischen und thermohydraulischen Grundlagen beschreiben die Autoren Grundprinzipien und Aufbau bewahrter Reaktorkonzepte ebenso wie die neuen Entwicklungen. Einen weiteren Schwerpunkt bilden Betrieb, Werkstoff- und Zuverlassigkeitsfragen. Abschliessend gehen die Autoren auf den Brennstoffkreislauf vom Uranabbau bis zur Entsorgung ein.

Motivation der Herausgeber war, den heutigen Stand des Wissens der Reaktortechnik zusammenzutragen und Ingenieuren in Studium und Praxis zuganglich zu machen. Das Buch basiert auf dem von Albert Ziegler herausgegebenen Standardwerk der Reaktortechnik.

Das Buch eignet sich nicht nur als Lehrbuch fur Studierende, sondern auch als Nachschlagewerk fur die berufliche Praxis.

In diesem Buch werden die Risiken von Kernkraftwerken und der verantwortungsbewusste Umgang damit zur Vermeidung von Stoerfallen mit Aussenwirkung in einer fur den Laien verstandlichen Form erklart. Dazu werden die Grundlagen der Kernkraftwerkstechnologie und die Sicherheitsmassnahmen erlautert, auch mit Blick auf in der Vergangenheit eingetretene Stoerfalle. Nach kurzer Darstellung der in der Welt betriebenen Kernkraftwerke und der zugehoerigen Brennstoff-Kreislauf-Anlagen werden die in den nachsten Jahren in Deutschland verbleibenden Druck- und Siedewasser-Reaktoren sowie die neu entwickelten Reaktoren - der Europaische Druckwasser-Reaktor (EPR) und der neu entwickelte Siedewasserreaktor SWR-1000 (KERENA) - beschrieben. Danach werden das reaktorphysikalische und das sicherheitstechnische Gesamtkonzept dieser Reaktoren und die in einem Genehmigungsverfahren zu erstellenden Analysen fur die Auslegungsstoerfalle dargestellt. Nach kurzer Diskussion der Ergebnisse von probabilistischen Analysen und der Ergebnisse von fruheren Risikostudien werden neuere sicherheitstechnische Forschungsergebnisse vorgestellt, die in den letzten 20 Jahren zum Thema Kernschmelz-Unfalle und deren sicherheitstechnischer Beherrschung in Europa und vor allem im fruheren Kernforschungszentrum und der Universitat Karlsruhe erzielt wurden. Diese Forschungsergebnisse haben Auswirkungen auf die Sicherheit bestehender Druck- und Siedewasserreaktoren in Deutschland. Sie sind aber vor allem in das Sicherheitskonzept der neuen europaischen Druck- und Siedewasserreaktoren (EPR und KERENA) eingeflossen. Das Buch wendet sich an Ingenieure im Bereich Kerntechnik, aber auch an interessierte Laien.

Seit Hiroshima gilt die Atombombe als singulare Waffe. Ihre Auswirkungen in Raum und Zeit sind analogielos. Ein machtiges Tabu liegt auf ihrer Anwendung. Ihr Besitz war nur funf Staaten erlaubt. Gleichzeitig wurde sie von Anfang an politisch und strategisch instrumentalisiert. Das "Gleichgewicht des Schreckens" wurde zum Signum des Atomzeitalters. Nach 1989 scheint sich dieses Tabu allmahlich aufzuloesen. Die Zahl der Staaten, die uber Nuklearwaffen verfugen, wachst langsam, aber sie wachst. Eine Gruppe von zwoelf Wissenschaftlern - Physikern, Kerntechnikern, Politologen, Historikern und einem Voelkerrechtler - hat die verschiedenen Aspekte der Singularitatsthese diskutiert und legt jetzt die Ergebnisse ihrer Arbeit in zwoelf Aufsatzen vor. Jeder Autor betont andere Aspekte. Der Band enthalt also weder abschliessende noch gar einfache Loesungen. Er zeigt, dass die von Vielen geforderte Abschaffung der Kernwaffen und damit das Ende des Atomzeitalters erst moeglich wird, wenn man die politischen, militarischen, technischen und sozialen Hindernisse klar erkennt, die es zu uberwinden gilt. Seit Hiroshima gilt die Atombombe als singulare Waffe. Ihre Auswirkungen in Raum und Zeit sind analogielos. Ein machtiges Tabu liegt auf ihrer Anwendung. Ihr Besitz war nur funf Staaten erlaubt. Gleichzeitig wurde sie von Anfang an politisch und strategisch instrumentalisiert. Das "Gleichgewicht des Schreckens" wurde zum Signum des Atomzeitalters. Nach 1989 scheint sich dieses Tabu allmahlich aufzuloesen. Die Zahl der Staaten, die uber Nuklearwaffen verfugen, wachst langsam, aber sie wachst. Eine Gruppe von zwoelf Wissenschaftlern - Physikern, Kerntechnikern, Politologen, Historikern und einem Voelkerrechtler - hat die verschiedenen Aspekte der Singularitatsthese diskutiert und legt jetzt die Ergebnisse ihrer Arbeit in zwoelf Aufsatzen vor. Jeder Autor betont andere Aspekte. Der Band enthalt also weder abschliessende noch gar einfache Loesungen. Er zeigt, dass die von Vielen geforderte Abschaffung der Kernwaffen und damit das Ende des Atomzeitalters erst moeglich wird, wenn man die politischen, militarischen, technischen und sozialen Hindernisse klar erkennt, die es zu uberwinden gilt. UEber die Beitragsautoren: Dr. Leopold Barleon, Ing., Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Prof. Dr. Hans-Joachim Bieber, Historiker, Universitat Kassel Dr. Eric Chauvistre, Politikwissenschaftler, FU Berlin/ Redakteur ZDF, Reuters, TAZ Dr. Constanze Eisenbart, Historikerin, Forschungsstatte der Evangelischen Studiengemeinschaft Heidelberg Prof. Dr. Christopher Daase, Politikwissenschaftler, Hessische Stiftung Friedens- und Konfliktforschung, Frankfurt Wilhelm Gmelin, Ing. Luft- und Raumfahrttechniker, ehem. Direktor der EURATOM Prof. Dr. Erwin Hackel, Politikwissenschaftler, Universitat Konstanz Prof. Dr. Martin Kalinowski, Kernphysikerer, Direktor des Carl Friedrich von Weizsacker-Zentrums der Universitat Hamburg Prof. Dr. Egbert Kankeleit, Kernphysiker em., TU Darmstadt Prof. Dr. Thilo Marauhn, Jurist, Universitat Giessen Dr. Christoph Pistner, Physiker, OEko-Institut e. V. Bereich Nukleartechnik Dr. Ulrich Ratsch, Physiker, Forschungsstatte der Evangelischen Studiengemeinschaft Heidelberg