Polyurethane sealants are used in many high-volume applications such as construction and automotive. This volume provides an in-depth, illustrated survey of both the technology and applications. The detailed information will be useful to all those involved in the research, development, processing, evaluation and use of sealants for high-volume applications.

Polymer Brushes: Substrates, Technologies, and Properties covers various aspects of polymer brush technology, including synthesis, properties, performance, and applications. It presents both experimental details and theoretical insights to enable a better understanding of the brush system. After an overview of polymer brush systems, the book discusses methods for grafting organic brushes from the surface of clay platelets and for the covalent grafting of PNIPAm brushes. It then describes ferrocene polymer brushes, nonfouling brushes on poly(ethylene terephthalate) film surfaces, brushes formed on the inner surface of cylindrical pores, and the "zipper brush" approach. The authors examine the use of scanning electrochemical microscopy for analyzing brushes and compare surface-controlled atom transfer radical polymerization and surface-controlled single-electron transfer living radical polymerization. They also explore the application of polymer brushes in the chromatographic separations of viruses and proteins and the suppression of proteins and cell adhesions. The text concludes with a look at how polymer brushes are synthesized by surface-initiated iniferter-mediated polymerization. This book provides a one-stop reference on the various substrates and technologies used to synthesize polymer brushes. The hands-on information in the text will help readers choose the proper synthesis methods and materials for their system.

This broadly-based work gathers the vast bulk of information published on cyclopolymerization since its discovery - including the symmetrical diene counterparts of all classical monomers that can undergo addition polymerization, all unsymmetrical dienes, and cyclopolymerizable monomers such as dialdehydes, diynes, diisocyanates, diepoxides, dinitriles, and some organometallic monomers.;Providing access to contemporary knowledge in the field and offering discussions of interest to a wide variety of polymer scientists, Cyclopolymerization and Cyclocopolymerization: delineates theory; summarizes polymerization procedures; furnishes theoretical justification for mechanistic proposals; details commercial applications; and describes new monomer syntheses. Supplying over 2700 references as well as chemical abstract citations, Cyclopolymerization and Cyclocopolymerization is a resource which should be of practical value to polymer, academic, theoretical and industrial chemists; chemical and plastics engineers; research and development directors in chemistry and chemical engineering programmes; and graduate-level students in these disciplines

Polymeric Gas Separation Membranes is an outstanding reference devoted to discussing the separation of gases by membranes. An international team of contributors examines the latest findings of membrane science and practical applications and explores the complete spectrum of relevant topics from fundamentals of gas sorption and diffusion in polymers to vapor separation from air. They also compare membrane processes with other separation technologies. This essential book will be valuable to all practitioners and students in membrane science and technology.

This book aims to utilize the principles that have been developed for composite materials in the aircraft industry and apply these principles for the analysis for design of fiber reinforced plastic vessels and piping in the chemical processing industry.

The use of photoinitiators in the UV curing process shows remarkable possibilities in myriad applications. Highlighting critical factors such as reactivity, cure speeds, and application details, Industrial Photoinitiators: A Technical Guide is a practical, accessible, industrially oriented text that explains the theory, describes the products, and outlines the practice in simple language for the novice and expert alike. The basics of UV light The book begins by examining the nature of UV light and the types of commercial UV lamps that are available. It discusses the light absorption process and the excited states that are produced by the photoinitiator prior to the production of radicals. Next, the book examines the structure of the photoinitiator and the mechanism by which a reactive species is formed, along with the deactivating processes that inhibit the various photophysical and photochemical steps that occur as radicals are produced. Commercial photoinitiators Providing a list of companies and suppliers, the author explores the distinct groups of commercial photoinitiators and the variations in their structure. He describes the factors that determine which photoinitiators should be chosen for a particular application and how the different types are used. He also explains the reasons why a cured coating may display yellowing and describes the use of stabilizers to reduce the yellowing effect. Cationic curing Exploring a small but growing area of interest in the UV curing industry, the book concludes by discussing cationic curing and examines the different scope of parameters and different chemistry involved. It also describes factors that affect the use of cationic photoinitiators. Based on more than 30 years of experience working with photoinitiators, W. Arthur Green offers

Discovered in the twentieth century, carbon nanotubes (CNT) were an integral part of science and industry by the beginning of the twenty first century, revolutionizing chemistry, physics, and materials science. More recent advances in carbon nanotube production methods have resulted in a tremendous push to incorporate CNTs into polymer matrices. Although many advances have been made, two major obstacles continue unresolved: the enhancement of interfacial adhesion between CNTs and polymer matrix, and the improvement of dispersion of CNTs in polymers. Both substantial original contributors to the field, the authors present Carbon Nanotubes for Polymer Reinforcement, the first monograph on various conventional and innovative techniques to disperse and functionalize carbon nanotubes for polymer reinforcement, elegantly explaining the basic sciences and technologies involved in those processes. Topics covered include: Use of CNTs in fabricating novel polymer composites Principles and mechanisms behind CNT dispersion and functionalization Methods for the functionalization and dispersion of CNTs in polymer matrices Effects of CNTs on functional and mechanical properties of polymer composites Optimization of CNT/polymer nanocomposite fabrication Carbon Nanotubes for Polymer Reinforcement is a comprehensive treatment and critical review of the new class of polymer nanocomposites, and points to areas of future developments. Composites engineers, scientists, researchers, and students will find the basic knowledge and technical results contained herein informative and useful references for their work, whether for advanced research or for design and manufacture of such composites.

Omitting complicated chemistry concepts, Polyurethane Casting Primer presents practical details on the casting of polyurethane products to assist readers in their daily work. It covers fundamental methods, explores hands-on design and production topics, and keeps theory to a minimum. The book fully explains casting and allied processes. Starting from a "bucket and paddle mix" open pour, postcuring machining, bonding, and painting, it discusses how to produce quality products continuously. The author describes the necessary precautions for maintaining the health and safety of workers. He covers the properties of polyurethane systems, the tests and results of polyurethanes commonly used in compression, and the correct grade and processing of polyurethanes for meeting customer requirements. He also reveals how to fix issues such as molding problems and premature end of life. The versatility of polyurethane enables a wide range of applications, from simple, noncritical parts to vital engineering products. This book guides manufacturers in designing and producing polyurethane products. Batch calculations are available for download at www.crcpress.com

Conjugated Objects: Development, Synthesis, and Application contains 17 chapters written by young researchers and contains current trends in pi-conjugated systems for application in broad research areas such as design of unique pi-conjugation, catalysts, self-assembly, charge transfer complexes, liquid crystals, supramolecules, and nanostructures by using conjugated small and/or macro-objects organically or electrochemically. The book can be used as a textbook of basic learning by undergraduate and graduate students of chemistry, electrical and electronics engineering, and materials science and by supramolecular researchers in nanotechnology and biotechnology.

The explosion of plastic material development continues to generate a proliferation of conversion processes and variants of these methods. Unfortunately, most books on plastics conversion focus on a single process, such as injection molding, limiting their usefulness to readers without prior knowledge of the field. Few, if any, single-source texts adequately describe and compare each of the plastic conversion processes together. Plastic Conversion Processes: A Concise and Applied Guide addresses that need. It provides a basic overview of each of the seven major conversion processes, which account for the creation of more than 97 percent of all plastics products today. This detailed guide assembles and integrates the wealth of information scattered throughout various literature, to provide a basic yet complete illustration of plastic conversion processes. Learn Methods to Compare, Evaluate, and Select the Best Process for Your Product This book is unique in that it employs an all-encompassing approach, offering more than a mere overview of basic theory and application related to each major process. Chapters begin with a process-attribute table to serve as a quick guide, and then briefly describe a particular conversion process. To ensure comprehensive understanding of each method and how it works, sections include a short history and detailed explanation of the particular equipment, tooling, and materials used, as well as general piece part design guidelines and case studies gleaned from real-life experience. There is a plastic term for every letter of the alphabet, making it one of the most complex fields in science. A "quick reference" section at the end of the book includes an exhaustive collection of more than 350 terms, definitions, acronyms, and a key process characteristics comparison chart. Supplemented with photos, diagrams, and illustrations t

Discussing the electrospinning process, the book covers in great depth the current research interest in nanoscience and nanotechnology, especially electrospinning of polymer nanofibers. The main distinction of the proposed book from others devoted to the electrospinning process is in the consideration of the problem in question from the physical point of view. Focusing on physical aspects, the book contains physical basics regarding the unique features of electrospun polymer nanofibers and the electrospinning resulting in fabrication of these nanofibers.

An explanation for engineers and chemists working in such industries as paper, paint, and textiles, of the operating mechanisms involved in the physics and chemistry of polymers and colloids as they apply to emulsion polymer manufacture and use. Outlines the various available materials, how they are

Cellulose-Based Graft Copolymers: Structure and Chemistry discusses the synthesis, characterization, and properties of multifunctional cellulose-based graft copolymers. Presenting the contributions of accomplished experts in the field of natural cellulosic polymers, this authoritative text: Offers an overview of cutting-edge technical accomplishments in natural cellulose-based graft polymers Addresses a separate biomaterial in each chapter, exploring composition as well as graft copolymerization chemistry Covers fundamentals and applications including toxic ion removal, biomedical engineering, biofuels, micro/nano composites, papermaking, building materials, and defense Cellulose-Based Graft Copolymers: Structure and Chemistry tackles several critical issues and provides suggestions for future work, supplying deeper insight into the state of the art of advanced cellulose-based graft copolymers.

Functionalized Polysulfones: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications focuses on polysulfones and their derivatives, which are widely used as functional materials in the biochemical, industrial, and medical fields due to their structural and physical characteristics, such as good optical properties, high thermal and chemical stability, mechanical strength, resistance to extreme pH values, and low creep. Because of their antimicrobial actions, solubility characteristics, water permeability, and separation, the functional groups, which modify the hydrophilicity of polysulfones, are of particular interest for biomedical applications. In addition, the functional groups are an intrinsic requirement for affinity, ion exchange, and other special membranes. In this book, the bioapplications of polysulfones are presented in two categories: blood-contacting devices (e.g., membranes for hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration, and hemofiltration) and cell- or tissue-contacting devices (e.g., bioreactors made by hollow-fiber membrane and nerve generation through polysulfone semipermeable hollow membrane). Surface wettability and hydrophilicity trends, as well as the morphological characteristics of modified polysulfones, are analyzed for semipermeable membrane purposes. Select chapters provide an introduction to chelating units on the modified polysulfone structure to obtain potential applications, such as surface coatings on metals and glasses, adhesives, high-temperature lubricants, electrical insulators, semiconductors, and the reduction of heavy-metal pollution in ecosystems. Featuring recent scientific information, Functionalized Polysulfones: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications advances the basic knowledge of students and researchers working in the field of polymeric materials, including physicists, chemists, engineers, bioengineers, and biologists.

Science and Applications of Conducting Polymers emphasizes potential industrial applications of conducting polymers. The papers presented discuss the basic physics and chemistry of conducting polymers, followed by an in-depth examination of applications. The book is ideal for researchers in polymer physics, electronics, optics, and semiconductor physics.

This volume focuses on the developments in theory and materials science of conjugated materials for nonlinear optics, and on the processing of conjugated polymers. It describes the microscopic origin and mechanism of the nonlinear optical susceptibilities in the framework of quantum field theory.

A comprehensive treatment of a large family of polymers useful in a wide range of applications in such fields as automotive, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, metal-working, mining, industrial coating, textile, construction, and home furnishings. Summarizes the chemistry and mechanisms; provides basic prepa

Almost all synthetic materials over time induce some level of inflammation and fibrosis. Therefore, even though the successes of biomaterials science in producing acceptable solutions to the problem of biocompatibility have been remarkable, there remains enormous opportunity for improvement. The goal is the development of intelligent materials that replicate and mimic the ability of tissues and biological materials to adapt and renew. This book describes the synthesis and the analysis of new smart polymeric materials and their practical implications in nanomedicine and biotechnology. It offers a comprehensive overview, gathering recent and innovative research on multiple aspects within the field of smart polymeric materials that offer new perspectives in developing current advanced biotechnologies. The text contains both experimental and theoretical issues that reflect the impact of the materials characteristics in target applications. It deals with recent advances in the design of new polymeric materials for advanced applications but also on the study of their structure-properties relationship in order to move from completely inert, static structures to flexible ones capable to respond to environmental changes.

This title was first published in 2000: One of the most active areas in medicinal chemical research concerns the search for drugs used to treat different forms of cancer. This Handbook contains records for all the major drugs currently in use to treat cancer. Monographs are provided for 409 antineoplastic agents and, in addition, 23 cytoprotectant agents are described. For each main entry, the chemical name and a list of trade names and synonyms is provided; the CAS Registry Number, the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) Number, and the Merck Index (12th Edition) Number are given. The physical properties of each compound are described and the known biological activity and indicated applications are presented. The structure of each compound is provided, together with a summary of the acute toxicity data associated with it, and the manufacturers and suppliers of the drug are also given. Indexes, including a master index of names and synonyms, are appended.

Now available for the first time, this valuable reference presents polymer solubility parameters and various polymer-liquid interaction parameters in an easy-to-use form. It critically evaluates and comprehensively compiles data from original sources. It presents these quantities polymer-by-polymer, alphabetically by polymer common chemical name, fully cross-referenced by systematic chemical names, alternative names and trade names. This one-of-a-kind handbook summarizes the relationship between the various quantities and their methods of determination. This resource is an absolute must for all who are interested in the chemical industry, specifically polymer chemistry, chemical engineering, applied chemistry, and physical chemistry.

Polymer films now play an essential and growing role in sensors. Recent advances in polymer science and film preparation have made polymer films useful, practical and economical in a wide range of sensor designs and applications. Further, the continuing miniaturization of microelectronics favors the use of polymer thin films in sensors. This new book is the first comprehensive presentation of this technology. It covers both scientific fundamentals and practical engineering aspects. Included is an extensive survey of all types of sensors and applications. The very detailed table of contents in the next pages provides full information on content. More than 200 schematics illustrate a wide variety of sensor structures and their function.

This new text provides a practical guide to hydrophilic polymer coatings technology for applications in a wide range of medical materials and devices. It concisely provides both the scientific basics of this class of polymers and the up-to-date information needed for product development and evaluation, processing, manufacturing, and regulatory compliance. More than fifty schematics illustrate materials, processes, and equipment. The entire presentation is oriented to the practical needs of personnel involved in product development and evaluation, process engineering, and manufacturing management.

Discerning the properties of polymers and polymer-based materials requires a good understanding of characterization. This revised and updated text provides a comprehensive survey of characterization methods within its simple, concise chapters. Polymer Characterization: Physical Techniques, provides an overview of a wide variety of characterization methods, which makes it an excellent textbook and reference. It starts with a description of basic polymer science, providing a solid foundation from which to understand the key physical characterization techniques. The authors explain physical principles without heavy theory and give special emphasis to the application of the techniques to polymers, with plenty of illustrations. Topics covered include molecular weight determination, molecular and structural characterization by spectroscopic techniques, morphology and structural characterization by microscopy and diffraction, and thermal analysis. This edition contains a new chapter on surface analysis as well as some revised problems and solutions. The concise treatment of each topic offers even those with little prior knowledge of the subject an accessible source to relevant, simple descriptions in a well-organized format.

Plastics and rubber materials, or polymers, are increasingly the first choice of engineers when reliable, cost-effective performance and safety are essential. The volume of polymers used in the Western economy now exceeds that of metals, which requires today's engineering students to have a thorough grounding in the properties and applications of polymeric materials. The first chapters of Engineering with Polymers explain what polymers are, how they behave, and how articles are made from them. The authors then show how the standard engineering techniques of stress analysis, structures, fluid mechanics, heat transfer and design can be adopted or adapted to cover plastics and rubber materials. The book ends with chapters detailing interactions between processing and properties, and a description of a variety of approaches to designing plastics products, from practical advice to the use or further development of theoretical principles, backed up by examples and case studies. The book is aimed at mechanical engineering students and design engineers in industry and also at materials' and chemical engineers.

Paul John Flory: A Life of Science and Friends is the first full-length treatment of the life and work of Paul John Flory, recipient of the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1974. It presents a chronological progression of his scientific, professional, and personal achievements as recounted and written by his former students and colleagues. This book covers the span of Flory's life, including a family history and reflections on the marks he left on the lives of various individuals within the scientific community. He played a major role in the consolidation of the macromolecular paradigm in chemistry, physics, and materials science. His influence permeates virtually every aspect of polymer science. The book includes an extensive collection of personal remembrances telling the circumstances under which colleagues worked with Flory, discussing their joint work, and assessing Flory's place in polymer science, chemistry, and world science. The contributors memorialize Flory for more than his scientific and technical contributions. Several chapters are written by living friends who reflect upon his impact on their work and careers. He also played a role in human rights within the scientific community, making efforts to liberate scientists who lived and worked behind the Iron Curtain, particularly in the Soviet Union. Paul John Flory: A Life of Science and Friends illustrates an example of an individual of scientific and personal excellence. His living friends and colleagues believe his story must be told. In telling it and making it available for future generations, his closest friends and colleagues ensure his continued inspiration to people in and outside laboratories worldwide.