Based on the experiences of the Department of Information Engineering of the University of Pisa and the Radar and Surveillance System (RaSS) national laboratory of the National Interuniversity Consortium of Telecommunication (CNIT), Radar Imaging for Maritime Observation presents the most recent results in radar imaging for maritime observation. The book explores both the areas of sea surface remote sensing and maritime surveillance providing key theoretical concepts of SAR and ISAR imaging and more advanced and ad-hoc techniques for applications in maritime scenarios. The book is organized in two sections. The first section discusses the fundamentals of standard SAR/ISAR processing and novel imaging techniques, such as Bistatic, Passive, and, 3D Interferometric ISAR. The second section focuses on the applications and results obtained by processing real data from maritime observations like SAR image processing for oil spill, detection in SAR images and fractal analysis. Useful to both beginners and experts in maritime observation, this book provides several examples of (mainly space-borne) radar imaging of maritime targets. Nevertheless, the same principles and techniques apply to the case of manned or unmanned carriers and to ground and air moving targets.

Technical and Military Imperatives: A Radar History of World War II is a coherent account of the history of radar in the second World War. Although many books have been written on the early days of radar and its role in the war, this book is by far the most comprehensive, covering ground, air, and sea operations in all theatres of World War II. The author manages to synthesize a vast amount of material in a highly readable, informative, and enjoyable way. Of special interest is extensive new material about the development and use of radar by Germany, Japan, Russia, and Great British. The story is told without undue technical complexity, so that the book is accessible to specialists and nonspecialists alike.

Radar-based imaging of aircraft targets is a topic that continues to attract a lot of attention, particularly since these imaging methods have been recognized to be the foundation of any successful all-weather non-cooperative target identification technique. Traditional books in this area look at the topic from a radar engineering point of view. Consequently, the basic issues associated with model error and image interpretation are usually not addressed in any substantive fashion. Moreover, applied mathematicians frequently find it difficult to read the radar engineering literature because it is jargon-laden and device specific, meaning that the skills most applicable to the problem's solution are rarely applied. Enabling an understanding of the subject and its current mathematical research issues, Radar Imaging of Airborne Targets: A Primer for Applied Mathematicians and Physicists presents the issues and techniques associated with radar imaging from a mathematical point of view rather than from an instrumentation perspective. The book concentrates on scattering issues, the inverse scattering problem, and the approximations that are usually made by practical algorithm developers. The author also explains the consequences of these approximations to the resultant radar image and its interpretation, and examines methods for reducing model-based error.

This is an original and comprehensive monograph on the increasingly important field of Multistatic Radar Systems. The material covered includes target detection, coordinate and trajectory parameter estimation, optimum and suboptimum detectors and external interferences. The practical problems faced by those working with radar systems are considered - most algorithms are presented in a form allowing direct use in engineering practice, and many of the results can be immediately applied to information systems containing different types of sensors, not only radars. This book is the revised international edition of Chernyak's renowned Russian textbook.

A comprehensive resource on airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems, Airborne Circulatory Polarized SAR explains the theory, system design, hardware and software, and applications of airborne circularly polarized SAR in environmental monitoring and other uses. Readers learn how to build the hardware and software of circularly polarized SAR, the antenna system, and how to generate point target responses and images using the range doppler algorithm (RDA) from raw signal data. The book discusses applications and analyzing techniques using a circularly polarized SAR system and image processing. Images and MATLAB codes are provided to help professionals and researchers with their applications and future studies. Features 1. Provides the theory of circularly polarized wave and polarimetry related to system design, scattering analysis, polarimetric SAR, and applications in microwave remote sensing. 2. Explains the real radio frequency (RF) system and the original antenna, including circuit explanation and know-how of measurement technique to adjust to the required parameter in system design. 3. Discusses the technique of ground test and flight mission to calibrate and validate the performance of airborne circularly polarized SAR. 4. Highlights image signal processing with MATLAB codes and how to obtain a single look complex (SLC) image for further applications. 5. Includes several applications of airborne circularly polarized SAR from international leading experts. This book is beneficial to professionals, researchers, academics, and graduate students from disciplines such as Electronic Engineering; Radar Systems; Aerospace Engineering; Signal Processing; Image Processing; Environmental Remote Sensing.

Accident records show that sooner or later hindrances near a waterway will be hit by ships, be it navigation marks, bridge structures, reefs or shallows. With this background modelling and analysis of ship collisions to bridge structures have an increasing importance as the basis for rational decision making in connection with planning, design and construction of bridges over navigable waters.

The International Symposium on Ship Collision Analysis focuses on advances in accident analysis, collision prevention and protective measures.

The publication Ship Collision Analysis, Proceedings of the 1998 International Symposium, presents the papers of international experts in ship collision analysis and structural design. The contributions give the state of the art and point to future development trends with in the focus areas.

With the emergence of compressive sensing and sparse signal reconstruction, approaches to urban radar have shifted toward relaxed constraints on signal sampling schemes in time and space, and to effectively address logistic difficulties in data acquisition. Traditionally, these challenges have hindered high resolution imaging by restricting both bandwidth and aperture, and by imposing uniformity and bounds on sampling rates. Compressive Sensing for Urban Radar is the first book to focus on a hybrid of two key areas: compressive sensing and urban sensing. It explains how reliable imaging, tracking, and localization of indoor targets can be achieved using compressed observations that amount to a tiny percentage of the entire data volume. Capturing the latest and most important advances in the field, this state-of-the-art text: Covers both ground-based and airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and uses different signal waveforms Demonstrates successful applications of compressive sensing for target detection and revealing building interiors Describes problems facing urban radar and highlights sparse reconstruction techniques applicable to urban environments Deals with both stationary and moving indoor targets in the presence of wall clutter and multipath exploitation Provides numerous supporting examples using real data and computational electromagnetic modeling Featuring 13 chapters written by leading researchers and experts, Compressive Sensing for Urban Radar is a useful and authoritative reference for radar engineers and defense contractors, as well as a seminal work for graduate students and academia.

This book presents the latest theory, developments, and applications related to high resolution materials-penetrating sensor systems. An international team of expert researchers explains the problems and solutions for developing new techniques and applications. Subject areas include ultrawideband (UWB) signals propagation and scattering, materials-penetrating radar techniques for small object detection and imaging, biolocation using holographic techniques, tomography, medical applications, nondestructive testing methods, electronic warfare principles, through-the-wall radar propagation effects, and target identification through measuring the target return signal spectrum changes.

Based on the experiences of the Department of Information Engineering of the University of Pisa and the Radar and Surveillance System (RaSS) national laboratory of the National Interuniversity Consortium of Telecommunication (CNIT), Radar Imaging for Maritime Observation presents the most recent results in radar imaging for maritime observation. The book explores both the areas of sea surface remote sensing and maritime surveillance providing key theoretical concepts of SAR and ISAR imaging and more advanced and ad-hoc techniques for applications in maritime scenarios. The book is organized in two sections. The first section discusses the fundamentals of standard SAR/ISAR processing and novel imaging techniques, such as Bistatic, Passive, and, 3D Interferometric ISAR. The second section focuses on the applications and results obtained by processing real data from maritime observations like SAR image processing for oil spill, detection in SAR images and fractal analysis. Useful to both beginners and experts in maritime observation, this book provides several examples of (mainly space-borne) radar imaging of maritime targets. Nevertheless, the same principles and techniques apply to the case of manned or unmanned carriers and to ground and air moving targets.

August 1939 was a time of great flux. The fear of impending war fueled by the aggression of Nazi Germany forced many changes. Young people pursuing academic research were plunged into an entirely different kind of research and development. For Bernard Lovell, the war meant involvement in one of the most vital research projects of the war-radar. Echoes of War: The Story of H2S Radar presents a passionate first-hand account of the development of the Home Sweet Home (H2S) radar systems during World War II. The book provides numerous personal insights into the scientific culture of wartime Britain and details the many personal sacrifices, setbacks, and eventual triumphs made by those actively involved. Bernard Lovell began his work on airborne interception radar in Taffy Bowen's airborne radar group. He was involved in the initial development of the application of the 10 centimeter cavity magnetron to airborne radar that revolutionized radar systems. In the autumn of 1941, the failure of Bomber Command to locate its target over the cloudy skies of Europe prompted the formation of a new group to develop a blind bombing system. Led by Lovell, this group developed the H2S radar system to identify towns and other targets at night or during heavy cloud cover. H2S first saw operational use with the Pathfinder Squadrons in the attack on Hamburg during the night of January 30-31, 1943. Two months later, modified H2S units installed in Coastal Command aircraft operating over the Bay of Biscay had a dramatic tactical effect on the air war against U-boats. The tide had begun to turn. In this fascinating chronicle of the H2S radar project, Sir Bernard Lovell recreates the feel and mood of the wartime years.

With the emergence of compressive sensing and sparse signal reconstruction, approaches to urban radar have shifted toward relaxed constraints on signal sampling schemes in time and space, and to effectively address logistic difficulties in data acquisition. Traditionally, these challenges have hindered high resolution imaging by restricting both bandwidth and aperture, and by imposing uniformity and bounds on sampling rates.

Compressive Sensing for Urban Radar is the first book to focus on a hybrid of two key areas: compressive sensing and urban sensing. It explains how reliable imaging, tracking, and localization of indoor targets can be achieved using compressed observations that amount to a tiny percentage of the entire data volume. Capturing the latest and most important advances in the field, this state-of-the-art text:

• Covers both ground-based and airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and uses different signal waveforms
• Demonstrates successful applications of compressive sensing for target detection and revealing building interiors
• Describes problems facing urban radar and highlights sparse reconstruction techniques applicable to urban environments
• Deals with both stationary and moving indoor targets in the presence of wall clutter and multipath
• Provides numerous supporting examples using real data and computational electromagnetic modeling

Featuring 13 chapters written by leading researchers and experts, Compressive Sensing for Urban Radar is a useful and authoritative reference for radar engineers and defense contractors, as well as a seminal work for graduate students and academia.

This book presents the current history of United States military strategy in Afghanistan as an example of dysfunctional policy discourse among the nation's elites. The legitimacy of a country's military strategy can become a subject of intense public debate and doubt, especially in prolonged conflicts. Arguments typically hinge on disagreements about the values at stake, the consequences of action or inaction, and the authority of those responsible for the plan. As the US entered its second decade at war in Afghanistan, political and military leaders struggled to explain the ends and means of their strategy through internal policy debates, the promotion of counterinsurgency doctrine, and day-to-day accounts of the war's progress. Military Strategy as Public Discourse considers recent US strategy in Afghanistan as a form of valid and equitable public discussion among those with the ability to affect outcomes. The work examines the dominant forms of discourse used by the various groups of elites who make and execute strategy, and considers how representations of these forms of discourse in news media shapes elite understanding of the purpose of US efforts in wars of choice. The book proposes how policy-makers should address the problems of public discourse on war, which tends to exclude or marginalize relevant elites and focus on narrow questions of validity. This book will be of much interest to students of strategic studies, US foreign policy, and security studies in general.

Providing a practical review of the latest technology in the field, " "Ultrawideband Radar Applications and Design presents cutting-edge advances in theory, design, and practical applications of ultrawideband (UWB) radar. This book features contributions from an international team of experts to help readers learn about a wide range of UWB topics, including:

• History of the technology
• American and European governmental regulations and key definitions
• Nonsinusoidal wave propagation theory
• Random signal radar
• Object detection by ground permittivity measurements
• Large-target backscattering effects
• Medical applications
• Large current radiator antenna design
• Materials-penetrating theory
• Radar signal processing
• Weak-signal detection methods
• Holographic and real time radar imaging

This book s contributors use practical information to illustrate the latest theoretical developments and demonstrate UWB radar principles through case studies. Radar system engineers will find ideas for precision electronic sensing systems for use in medical, security, industrial, construction, and geophysical applications, as well as those used in archeological, forensic and transportation operations.

Your cutting-edge introduction to radar signal processing-fully updated for the latest advances This up-to-date guide provides in-depth coverage of the full breadth of foundational radar signal processing methods of waveform design, Doppler processing, detection, tracking, imaging, and adaptive processing from a digital signal processing perspective. The techniques of linear systems, filtering, sampling, and Fourier analysis are used throughout to provide a unified tutorial approach. Developed from the author's extensive academic and professional experience, Fundamentals of Radar Signal Processing, Third Edition has been revised and updated throughout. Readers will find the solid foundations of earlier editions enhanced with new material on such topics as keystone formatting, detection in spiky clutter, range migration and backprojection imaging, virtual arrays, ground moving target indication, and many more. Presents complete coverage of foundational digital radar signal processing techniques Integrates linear FMCW techniques of emerging fields such as automotive radar with pulsed methods Includes additional homework problems in all chapters Comes with an online suite of answer keys, solutions manuals, tutorial MATLAB demos, and technical notes

This manual/workbook, both authors of which have been members of the Collision Avoidance Radar Department of the Maritime Institute of Technology and Graduate Studies, provides the means for an operator to develop an "at a glance" capacity on a stabilized relative motion radar. Once the system of "situation recognition" has been mastered, a multiplicity of targets can be handled safely and surely, and collision avoidance becomes quite simple. The real time method of plotting equips the deck officer to pass the Coast Guard's radar observer test.

In Germany, the development of the first technologies of sonar and radar were interrelated. Following Christian Hulsmeyer's forgotten invention of the "Telemobiloskop" in 1904, two Berlin engineers, Paul Gunther Erbsloh and Hans-Karl von Willisen, developed and built devices to locate targets accurately by reflections with underwater sound and radio waves. In 1934, they found their own company for this work, called Gesellschaft fur Elektroakustische und Mechanische Apparate (GEMA), which became the birthplace of their famous Freya air-warning and Seetakt ocean-surveillance radars.
Harry von Kroge has devoted decades to collecting a mass of statements and widely scattered documentary material about the evolution of GEMA's sonar and radar. GEMA: Birthplace of German Radar and Sonar, the English edition of von Kroge's first important, seminal work, discusses previously unavailable parts of the fascinating story of pioneering efforts in learning to see in the darkness. It relates the fascinating story of how German radar and sonar were developed in the years leading up to and during World War II. The author provides insights into the difficulties encountered on the way to the first promising results in target detection and ranging without optical visibility. The book includes rare technical descriptions as well as information about industrial and scientific cooperation involving secret equipment in Germany before 1945."

A real-world guide to practical applications of ground penetrating radar (GPR)

The nondestructive nature of ground penetrating radar makes it an important and popular method of subsurface imaging, but it is a highly specialized field, requiring a deep understanding of the underlying science for successful application. "Introduction to Ground Penetrating Radar: Inverse Scattering and Data Processing" provides experienced professionals with the background they need to ensure precise data collection and analysis.

Written to build upon the information presented in more general introductory volumes, the book discusses the fundamental mathematical, physical, and engineering principles upon which GPR is built. Real-world examples and field data provide readers an accurate view of day-to-day GPR use. Topics include: 2D scattering for dielectric and magnetic targets3D scattering equations and migration algorithmsHost medium characterization and diffraction tomographyTime and frequency steps in GPR data samplingThe Born approximation and the singular value decomposition

The six appendices contain the mathematical proofs of all examples discussed throughout the book. "Introduction to Ground Penetrating Radar: Inverse Scattering and Data Processing" is a comprehensive resource that will prove invaluable in the field.

This full color book is a comprehensive visual reference for the interpretation of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images with examples of how technological specifications may affect interpretation solutions. It contains a summary review of image acquisition parameters of consequence on the visual representation of objects, introduces traditional interpretation keys under different light and applies them for considering regional landscape components and identifying large-scale geographical ensembles. Through elements of interpretation such as the construct of tone, texture, pattern, size, and shape, the book explains the rich unique context of many terrains. It provides also several SAR X- and C-band image examples of regional and large-scale land use and land cover (LULC) ensembles, includes important explanations for each illustration, and highlights selected SAR image applications. Ancillary information includes acquisition specifications, a geographic scale, and the image-center latitude and longitude. Features: Provides ready access to any type of information for an image interpretation problem related to current LULC classification schemes. Presents scalable geographic information interpreted at a regional scale and land cover ensembles that can also be interpreted locally. Provides comparative examples of images acquired from X- and C-band, opposed look directions, near- and far-range incidence angles, like- and cross-polarization modes. Includes practical explanations easily transferred to individual's research projects. Designed as "visual dictionary," SAR Image Interpretation for Various Land Covers: A Practical Guide, is an excellent introduction to the visual interpretation of SAR images for numerous types of LULC. Both practitioners and students will familiarize themselves with and expand their knowledge of geographic information conveyed from radar images while government agencies and businesses that use LULC-related data for emergency response cases of for urban and regional planning, will find this book invaluable.

This 600 page textbook must be a good candidate for being the authoritative reference on its subject...This book reveals all through a good, clear text amply illustrated...The authors and publisher are to be congratulated on an excellent production.--The Naval Review Well organized, clear and easy to read. The second edition has been enlarged with various items devoted to new electronic equipment now encountered by mariners, especially those concerned with navigational and radiocommunication equipment.--International Hydrographic Bulletin A major and standard text, now much enlarged and revised with sections on radar, communications, the gyro compass and all navigation systems encountered in merchant ships. Full and expert treatment of all aspects of electronic navigation and communication systems making it one of the leading references on its subjects.--Lloyds List

This book introduces advanced sparsity-driven models and methods and their applications in radar tasks such as detection, imaging and classification. Compressed sensing (CS) is one of the most active topics in the signal processing area. By exploiting and promoting the sparsity of the signals of interest, CS offers a new framework for reducing data without compromising the performance of signal recovery, or for enhancing resolution without increasing measurements. An introductory chapter outlines the fundamentals of sparse signal recovery. The following topics are then systematically and comprehensively addressed: hybrid greedy pursuit algorithms for enhancing radar imaging quality; two-level block sparsity model for multi-channel radar signals; parametric sparse representation for radar imaging with model uncertainty; Poisson-disk sampling for high-resolution and wide-swath SAR imaging; when advanced sparse models meet coarsely quantized radar data; sparsity-aware micro-Doppler analysis for radar target classification; and distributed detection of sparse signals in radar networks via locally most powerful test. Finally, a concluding chapter summarises key points from the preceding chapters and offers concise perspectives. The book focuses on how to apply the CS-based models and algorithms to solve practical problems in radar, for the radar and signal processing research communities.

This book reports the latest results in the study of Bistatic/Multistatic SAR system and signal processing techniques. Novel research ideas and experimental verification have been collected on all kinds of configurations of Bistatic/Multistatic SAR system, including the preliminary construction of system model, imaging algorithm design, mission design and the corresponding application representations etc. Handy well-prepared tables are provided for readers' quick-reference, and the practical design of an interferometric SAR system is illustrated step by step. The book will be of interest to university researchers, R&D engineers and graduate students in Remote Sensing who wish to learn the core principles, methods, algorithms, and applications of Bistatic/Multistatic SAR system.

The important and fascinating topics of radar enjoy an extensive audience in industry and government but deserve more attention in undergraduate education to better prepare graduating engineers to meet the demands of modern mankind. Radar is not only one of the major applications of electronics and electromagnetic communications, but it is also a mature scientific discipline with significant theoretical and mathematical foundations that warrant an intellectual and educational challenge. Fundamental Principles of Radar is a textbook providing a first exposure to radar principles. It provides a broad concept underlying the basic principle of operations of most existing radar systems and maintains a good balance of mathematical rigor to convince readers without losing interest. The book provides an extensive exposition of the techniques currently being used for radar system design, analysis, and evaluation. It presents a comprehensive set of radar principles, including all features of modern radar applications, with their underlying derivations using simple mathematics. Coverage is limited to the main concepts of radar in order to present them in a systematic and organized fashion. Topics are treated not as abstruse and esoteric to the point of incomprehensibility, but the very complex and rich technology of radar is distilled into its fundamentals. The author's emphasis is on clarity without sacrificing rigor and completeness, thus making the book broad enough to satisfy a variety of backgrounds and interests. Thorough documentation provides an unusual degree of completeness for a textbook at this level, with interesting and sometimes thought-provoking content to make the subject even more appealing. Key Features: Covers a wide range of topics in radar systems Includes examples and exercises to reinforce the concepts presented and explain their applications Provides self-contained chapters useful for readers seeking selective topics Provides broad concepts underlying the basic principles of operations of most types of radars in use today Includes documentation to lead to further reading of interesting concepts and applications

This book presents novel research ideas and offers insights into radar system design, artificial intelligence and signal processing applications. Further, it proposes a new concept of antenna spatial polarization characteristics (SPC), suggesting that the antenna polarization is a function of the spatial direction and providing new ideas for radar signal processing (RSP) and anti-jamming. It also discusses the design of an advanced signal-processing algorithm, and proposes new polarimetric and anti-jamming methods using antenna inherent properties. The book helps readers discover the potential of radar information processing and improve its anti-interference and target identification ability. It is of interest to university researchers, radar engineers and graduate students in computer science and electronics who wish to learn the core principles, methods, algorithms, and applications of RSP.

Deep in the beautiful Worcestershire countryside lie a number of secret places that played a special part in protecting a generation from the onslaught of a world war. Travellers passing through leafy Worcestershire lanes may catch a glimpse of a structure that seems out of place against the backdrop of fields and hills – the dish of a gigantic radio telescope. How did such an incongruous structure arrive in the middle of nowhere, and what does it do? This book answers the question, and recounts the dramatic history of two 'Top Secret' wartime airfields, and how their activities were inextricably linked to the 'boffins' of the Malvern Telecommunications Research Establishment. It tells the story of brilliant inventions, wartime courage and sacrifice, tragic air crashes, and ordinary and extraordinary people, pushing themselves and their machines to the limit and beyond. Crafted using personal recollections – the book reveals the truly extraordinary wartime commitment and camaraderie that fuelled extraordinary endeavour and achievement.

This book, based on Transport and Urban Development COST Action TU1208, presents the most advanced applications of ground penetrating radar (GPR) in a civil engineering context, with documentation of instrumentation, methods and results. It explains clearly how GPR can be employed for the surveying of critical transport infrastructure, such as roads, pavements, bridges and tunnels and for the sensing and mapping of underground utilities and voids. Detailed attention is also devoted to use of GPR in the inspection of geological structures and of construction materials and structures, including reinforced concrete, steel reinforcing bars and pre/post-tensioned stressing ducts. Advanced methods for solution of electromagnetic scattering problems and new data processing techniques are also presented. Readers will come to appreciate that GPR is a safe, advanced, non destructive and noninvasive imaging technique that can be effectively used for the inspection of composite structures and the performance of diagnostics relevant to the entire life cycle of civil engineering works.