Originally published in 1954, as a second edition of a 1947 original, this book explores in depth the rapid research and development of radar technology throughout the Second World War. Notably, the subject matter of radar falls into two distinct categories: the principles of the subject and their application to practical use. The principles are described in the first sixteen chapters of the book, whilst the last three chapters deal with the practical application of radar. The book also presents a description of military radar, the civil uses of radar and the extensive applications of radar technique in the physical sciences. Diagrams and photographs are included for reference. This book will be of great value to scholars of the history of physics.

Originally published in 1948, this book contains one man's story of working for the Telecommunications Research Establishment from 1934 until 1945. During this period, Rowe worked on many projects relating to air defence, particularly the development of radar. The text is simply and vividly written and illustrated with multiple photographs of relevant people and places mentioned in the narrative. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in WWII and the history of radar.

This work provides a detailed introduction to the principles of Doppler and polarimetric radar, focusing in particular on their use in the analysis of weather systems. The authors first discuss underlying topics such as electromagnetic scattering, polarization, and wave propagation. They then detail the engineering aspects of pulsed Doppler polarimetric radar, before examining key applications in meteorology and remote sensing. The book is aimed at graduate students of electrical engineering and atmospheric science as well as practitioners involved in the applications of polarimetric radar.

Here's a thorough overview of the state-of-the-art in design and implementation of advanced tracking for single and multiple sensor systems. This practical resource provides modern system designers and analysts with in-depth evaluations of sensor management, kinematic and attribute data processing, data association, situation assessment, and modern tracking and data fusion methods as applied in both military and non-military arenas.

Whether you desire background information to get you up-to-speed or if you want to access only the most recently developed advanced methods, the book's modular chapter structure makes its easy for you to get the specific information you're looking for quickly. You get full coverage of tracking topics such as:
Passive ranging and interactive multiple model (IMM) filtering
Multiple hypothesis tracking (MHT) data association
Bayesian and Dempster-Shafer attribute fusion
Multiple sensor tracking methods for distributed systems such as for space based surveillance systems
Use of tracking data for situation assessment and sensor management
Track fusion and track-before-detect (TBD) methods
Efficient allocation of agile beam radar resources

Based on the classic "Radar Range-Performance Analysis" from 1980, this practical volume extends that work to ensure applicability of radar equations to the design and analysis of modern radars. This unique book helps engineers identify what information on the radar and its environment is needed to predict detection range. Moreover, it provides equations and data to improve the accuracy of range calculations. Professionals find detailed information on propagation effects, methods of range calculation in environments that include clutter, jamming and thermal noise, as well as loss factors that reduce radar performance.

"A well-constructed and concisely written book, incorporating a balanced combination of textual explanations and well-presented mathematical descriptions, which serves both as an introduction to many important aspects of radar but also as an extensive exercise in the usage and application of both the MATLAB and Python programming applications. It is eminently readable and understandable. I assess that it is probably most relevant to post graduate student scientists and engineers requiring a moderately detailed understanding of aspects of radar with a view to practical applications" Aerospace Magazine This comprehensive resource provides readers with the tools necessary to perform analysis of various waveforms for use in radar systems. It provides information about how to produce synthetic aperture (SAR) images by giving a tomographic formulation and implementation for SAR imaging. Tracking filter fundamentals, and each parameter associated with the filter and how each affects tracking performance are also presented. Various radar cross section measurement techniques are covered, along with waveform selection analysis through the study of the ambiguity function for each particular waveform from simple linear frequency modulation (LFM) waveforms to more complicated coded waveforms. The text includes the Python tool suite, which allows the reader to analyze and predict radar performance for various scenarios and applications. Also provided are MATLAB (R) scripts corresponding to the Python tools. The software includes a user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI) that provides visualizations of the concepts being covered. Users have full access to both the Python and MATLAB source code to modify for their application. With examples using the tool suite are given at the end of each chapter, this text gives readers a clear understanding of how important target scattering is in areas of target detection, target tracking, pulse integration, and target discrimination.

This highly-anticipated second edition of an Artech House classic covers several key radar analysis areas: the radar range equation, detection theory, ambiguity functions, waveforms, antennas, active arrays, receivers and signal processors, CFAR and chaff analysis. Readers will be able to predict the detection performance of a radar system using the radar range equation, its various parameters, matched filter theory, and Swerling target models. The performance of various signal processors, single pulse, pulsed Doppler, LFM, NLFM, and BPSK, are discussed, taking into account factors including MTI processing, integration gain, weighting loss and straddling loss. The details of radar analysis are covered from a mathematical perspective, with in-depth breakdowns of radar performance in the presence of clutter. Readers will be able to determine the nose temperature of a multi-channel receiver as it is used in active arrays. With the addition of three new chapters on moving target detectors, inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) and constant false alarm rate (CFAR) and new MATLAB codes, this expanded second edition will appeal to the novice as well as the experienced practitioner.

Radar cross section (RCS) is a comparison of two radar signal strengths. One is the strength of the radar beam sweeping over a target, the other is the strength of the reflected echo sensed by the receiver. This book shows how the RCS gauge can be predicted for theoretical objects and how it can be measured for real targets. Predicting RCS is not easy, even for simple objects like spheres or cylinders, but this book explains the two exact forms of theory so well that even a novice will understand enough to make close predictions. Weapons systems developers are keenly interested in reducing the RCS of their platforms. The two most practical ways to reduce RCS are shaping and absorption. This book explains both in great detail, especially in the design, evaluation, and selection of radar absorbers. There is also great detail on the design and employment of indoor and outdoor test ranges for scale models or for full-scale targets (such as aircraft). In essence, this book covers everything you need to know about RCS, from what it is, how to predict and measure, and how to test targets (indoors and out), and how to beat it.

Written by a prominent expert in the field, this updated and expanded second edition of an Artech House classic includes the most recent breakthroughs in vital sign and gender recognition via micro-radar, as well as covering basic principles of Doppler effect and micro-Doppler effect and describing basic applications of micro-Doppler signatures in radar. The book presents detailed procedures about how to generate and analyze micro-Doppler signatures from radar signals. Readers will learn how to model and animate an object (such as human, spinning top, rotating rotor blades) with movement, simulation of radar returns from the object, and generating micro-Doppler signature. The book includes coverage of the Google project "Soli", which demonstrated the use of radar micro-Doppler effect to sense and recognize micro motions of human hand gesture for controlling devices. It also discusses noncontact detection of human vital sign (micro motions of breathing and heart beating) using radar, another important application of radar micro-Doppler sensors. Detailed MATLAB source codes for simulation of radar backscattering from targets with various motions are provided, along with source codes for generating micro-Doppler signatures and analyzing characteristics of targets.

In this monograph S.R. Cloude introduces, for the first time, the topics of radar polarimetry and interferometry. This topic was first developed in 1997 and has since developed into a major topic in radar sciences and its applications, in particular to space sciences. In its simplest form it concerns the study of interferograms formed by combining waves with different polarizations and their exploitation to infer important physical properties of the planetary surface being investigated.
Written in three main sections, the first four chapters provide a detailed coverage of all major topics of polarimetry, including its basis in electromagnetic scattering theory, decomposition theorems and a detailed analysis of the entropy/alpha approach. The next chapter offers a brief introduction to radar interferometry, before developing in three chapters the important new topic of polarimetric interferometry. In this way it provides a complete treatment of the subject, suitable for those working in interferometry who wish to know about polarimetry, or vice versa, as well as those new to the topic who are looking for a one-stop comprehensive treatment of the subject. The emphasis throughout is on the application of these techniques to remote sensing and the book concludes with a set of practical examples to illustrate the theoretical ideas.

Bistatic radar consists of a radar system which comprises a transmitter and receiver which are separated by a distance comparable to the expected target distance. This book provides a general theoretical description of such bistatic technology in the context of synthetic aperture, inverse synthetic aperture and forward scattering radars from the point of view of analytical geometrical and signal formation as well as processing theory. Signal formation and image reconstruction algorithms are developed with the application of high informative linear frequency and phase code modulating techniques, and numerical experiments that confirm theoretical models are carried out. The authors suggest the program implementation of developed algorithms. A theoretical summary of the latest results in the field of bistatic radars is provided, before applying an analytical geometrical description of scenarios of bistatic synthetic aperture, inverse synthetic aperture and forward scattering radars with cooperative and non-cooperative transmitters. Signal models with linear frequency and phase code modulation are developed, and special phase modulations with C/A (coarse acquisition) and P (precision) of GPS satellite transmitters are considered. The authors suggest Matlab implementations of all geometrical models and signal formation and processing algorithms. Contents 1. Bistatic Synthetic Aperture Radar (BSAR) Survey. 2. BSAR Geometry. 3. BSAR Waveforms and Signal Models. 4. BSAR Image Reconstruction Algorithms. 5. Analytical Geometrical Determination of BSAR Resolution. 6. BSAR Experimental Results. 7. BSAR Matlab Implementation. A general theoretical description of bistatic technology within the scope of synthetic aperture, inverse synthetic aperture and forward scattering radars from the point of view of analytical geometrical and signal formation and processing theory. Signal formation and image reconstruction algorithms are developed in this title, with application of high informative linear frequency and phase code modulating techniques. Numerical experiments that confirm theoretical models are carried out and the authors suggest program implementation for the algorithms developed.

This bestselling book - now in its second edition - introduces the basic principles of passive radar technology and provides a comprehensive overview of the recent developments and advances in this field. It shows you how passive radar works, how it differs from the active type, and helps you understand the benefits and drawbacks of this novel technology. The book gives you the knowledge you need to get a full understanding of this fascinating technology. All chapters have been fully revised and updated and are written in a clear and accessible style. New chapters have been added to cover advances in the technology that have already been built and demonstrated, including systems on moving platforms (aircraft and UAVs), as well as advances in types of transmission - notably single-frequency broadcast transmissions, and 5G - and in processing techniques. This book remains an important resource for engineers working in academic, industry, or government research laboratories; academics teaching graduate level students; and those working in the specification and procurement of radar systems who need to understand the performance and limitations of the technology.

Understand the theory and function of wireless antennas with this comprehensive guide As wireless technology continues to develop, understanding of antenna properties and performance will only become more critical. Since antennas can be understood as junctions of waveguides, eigenmode analysis--the foundation of waveguide theory, concerned with the unexcited states of systems and their natural resonant characteristics--promises to be a crucial frontier in the study of antenna theory. Foundations of Antenna Radiation Theory incorporates the modal analysis, generic antenna properties and design methods discovered or developed in the last few decades, not being reflected in most antenna books, into a comprehensive introduction to the theory of antennas. This book puts readers into conversation with the latest research and situates students and researchers at the cutting edge of an important field of wireless technology. The book also includes: Detailed discussions of the solution methods for Maxwell equations and wave equations to provide a theoretical foundation for electromagnetic analysis of antennas Recent developments for antenna radiation in closed and open space, modal analysis and field expansions, dyadic Green's functions, time-domain theory, state-of-the-art antenna array synthesis methods, wireless power transmission systems, and more Innovative material derived from the author's own research Foundations of Antenna Radiation Theory is ideal for graduate or advanced undergraduate students studying antenna theory, as well as for reference by researchers, engineers, and industry professionals in the areas of wireless technology.

This ground-breaking resource gives you the background theories and know-how you need to effectively design active phased array antennas with wider bandwidth and scan volume utilizing sparse array technology. The book shows you how to incorporate aperiodic arrays and sparse arrays as a solution for overcoming the restrictions faced in conventional phased antenna designs - such as blind spots, limited scan volume, large power and cooling requirements, RF path losses, and increased complexity - while adhering to the maintenance of SWAP-C resources widely used in aerospace and defence. Packed with step-by-step information and research results unavailable in any other single source to date, the book presents new concepts and techniques that potentially can be applied to many critical defense and commercial requirements such as: radars, satcom on move, sonars, weather monitoring, 5G and 6G for mobile communication, fault and crack detection in buildings and underground pipelines, automotive anti-collisions mechanism in automobiles, mine detection, through wall imaging, and more. The book helps you to understand the fundamental antenna technology being deployed in modern systems and equips you to design problem-solving sparse array models proven by electromagnetic simulations that can reduce the cost and overall complexity of the existing systems. Numerous design studies are documented to validate the theories presented. The book takes into account the functional constraints in designing commercial and military systems while demonstrating provable techniques that are practical and achievable. This is an important resource for phased array antenna designers interested in utilizing sparse array technology with wider bandwidth and scan volume. The book's straightforward approach and easy-to-follow language also make it accessible to students and those new to the field.

Real-time testing and simulation of open- and closed-loop radio frequency (RF) systems for signal generation, signal analysis and digital signal processing require deterministic, low-latency, high-throughput capabilities afforded by user reconfigurable field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). This comprehensive book introduces LabVIEW FPGA, provides best practices for multi-FPGA solutions, and guidance for developing high-throughput, low-latency FPGA based RF systems. Written by a recognized expert with a wealth of real-world experience in the field, this is the first book written on the subject of FPGAs for radar and other RF applications. The companion website for this book can be found at https://github.com/LVFPGABOOK/

During the 1930s the popular press were carrying stories of a death ray that could disable aircraft, and it became such a popular notion that an investigation was carried out by a government scientist, Robert Watson-Watt. His discovery was that it was not that electro-magnetic waves could interfere with aircraft, but that aircraft could interfere with radio transmissions. The strategic importance of this was appreciated and a secret establishment was set up to develop a means of using radio transmissions to detect the approach of enemy aircraft - the birth of radar. As World War II broke out Ian Goult joined this elite group of scientists - aged only sixteen - as a lab assistant, working on GEE, a navigational aid allowing accurate location of targets. Its success allowed Bomber command to effectively navigate as far as the Ruhr. In Secret Location, Goult describes taking part in work on radar and microwave techniques that gave Britain supremacy in the air, and greatly improved submarine detection during the Battle of the Atlantic, saving thousands of tons of materiel and many lives. Told in an engaging style, this book offers a unique insight in those men whose achievements during the war have been underappreciated, but whose efforts were a key factor in the Allied victory. Postwar, Ian Goult was closely involved in the development of ground proximity warning systems and and the very first ATOL.

This book covers the latest advances in optimal and adaptive MIMO radar for enhanced detection and target ID in challenging environments and demonstrates its utility in real-world applications. It discusses signal processing prerequisites, such as radar signals, orthogonal waveforms, matched filtering, multi-channel beam forming, and Doppler processing. It also outlines MIMO implantation challenges like computational complexity, adaptive clutter mitigation, calibration and equalization, and hardware constraints. The book contains exclusive flight testing data from DARPA, and digs into applications for GMTI radar, OTH radar, maritime radar, and automotive radar.

Novel deep learning approaches are achieving state-of-the-art accuracy in the area of radar target recognition, enabling applications beyond the scope of human-level performance. This book provides an introduction to the unique aspects of machine learning for radar signal processing that any scientist or engineer seeking to apply these technologies ought to be aware of. The book begins with three introductory chapters on radar systems and phenomenology, machine learning principles, and optimization for training common deep neural network (DNN) architectures. Subsequently, the book summarizes radar-specific issues relating to the different domain representations in which radar data may be presented to DNNs and synthetic data generation for training dataset augmentation. Further chapters focus on specific radar applications, which relate to DNN design for micro-Doppler analysis, SAR-based automatic target recognition, radar remote sensing, and emerging fields, such as data fusion and image reconstruction. Edited by an acknowledged expert, and with contributions from an international team of authors, this book provides a solid introduction to the fundamentals of radar and machine learning, and then goes on to explore a range of technologies, applications and challenges in this developing field. This book is also a valuable resource for both radar engineers seeking to learn more about deep learning, as well as computer scientists who are seeking to explore novel applications of machine learning. In an era where the applications of RF sensing are multiplying by the day, this book serves as an easily accessible primer on the nuances of deep learning for radar applications.

Expert coverage of the design and implementation of state estimation algorithms for tracking and navigation

Estimation with Applications to Tracking and Navigation treats the estimation of various quantities from inherently inaccurate remote observations. It explains state estimator design using a balanced combination of linear systems, probability, and statistics.

The authors provide a review of the necessary background mathematical techniques and offer an overview of the basic concepts in estimation. They then provide detailed treatments of all the major issues in estimation with a focus on applying these techniques to real systems. Other features include:

• Problems that apply theoretical material to real-world applications
• In-depth coverage of the Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) estimator
• Companion DynaEst™ software for MATLAB™ implementation of Kalman filters and IMM estimators
• Design guidelines for tracking filters

Suitable for graduate engineering students and engineers working in remote sensors and tracking, Estimation with Applications to Tracking and Navigation provides expert coverage of this important area.