What This Book Is This book is about radar. It will teach you the essentials of radar, the underlying principles. It is not like an engineering handbook which pro vides detailed design equations without explaining either derivation or rationale. It is not like a graduate school textbook which may be abstruse and esoteric to the point of incomprehensibility. And it is not like an anthology of popular magazine articles which may be gaudy but superfi cial. It is an attempt to distill the very complex, rich technology of radar into its fundamentals, tying them to the laws of nature on one end and to the most modern and complex systems on the other. Who It's For If your work requires you to supervise or meet as coequals with radar systems engineers or designers, this book will allow you to understand them, to question them intelligently and perhaps to provide them with a perspective (a dispassionate yet competent view) that they lack. If you are trained in another discipline but have been made the man ager of a radar project or a system program that has one or more radars as sub-systems, this book will provide you with the tools you need, not only to give your team members confidence, but also to make a substantive technical contribution yourself."

Meteorology is by nature a multidisciplinary and transnational subject and COST cooperation has proved to be a flexible and suitable framework at European level for meteorological activities such as the standardisation of observation techniques and harmonised transmission of meteorological data. Although meteorology is not covered by a specific Community programme as such, various Community actions dealing with meteorology are now included in the EEC research programme on climatology (the "EPOCH" programme - 1989-92) of mechanisms of extreme and sudden concerning particularly the study meteorological events, in order to predict catastrophies and consequently to reduce human and material losses. In the context of COST cooperation, which is supported by the Commission of the European Communities, the COST 73 project (1986-1991) associates 16 countries in Western Europe with the aim of setting up a weather radar network providing real-time measurements of rain, snow or hail precipitations. In this project, radar data are transmitted and combined if appropriate with satellite data - in one or more "compositing centres" of the participating countries, in order to improve weather forecasting. Together with the COST 73 Management Committee, the Commission of the European Communities organized a seminar on this matter, in Brussels on 5-8 September 1989, at the half-way stage of the project.

The purpose of the Ultra-Wideband Short-Pulse Electromagnetics Conference series is to focus on advanced technologies for the generation, radiation and detection of ultra-wideband short pulse signals, taking into account their propagation and scattering from and coupling to targets of interest. This Conference series reports on developments in supporting mathematical and numerical methods and presents current and potential future applications of the technology. Ultra-Wideband Short-Pulse Electromagnetics 8 is based on the American Electromagnetics 2006 conference held from June 3-7 in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Topical areas covered in this volume include pulse radiation and measurement, scattering theory, target detection and identification, antennas, signal processing, and communications.

From the basic principles through to more in-depth expertise, Essential Boat Radar is your no-nonsense introduction to radar.

It guides you into the subject by providing sufficient information to understand what's going on, proceeding directly with basic radar use.

Bill Johnson clearly explains what radar is, outlining what is does and doesn't do. He describes how to make simple adjustments to get a decent picture, and explores how to use the basic radar. This is followed by greater information on the various confusions and anomalies that the picture can present, progressing to the more complex functionality of a modern digital (raster) set. Finally, you learn the key elements to consider when choosing a radar system for your boat, and also how to install it.

Essential Boat Radar includes full explanation of what radar does, and how it does it
how to use radar for collision avoidance, with reference to the relevant COLREGS
how to use radar for navigation and pilotage
practical exercises for using radar
detail on related subjects, such as: AIS, radar reflectors
guidance on choosing and installing radar systems

A comprehensive guide to state-of-the-art phased array-based systems and applications

First developed in 1937 to help improve communication links between the United States and the United Kingdom, phased arrays have evolved far beyond their original purpose. In addition to their value in radio communications, phased arrays are now a vital component in national defense, space exploration, astronomy, and electronic warfare.

Phased Array-Based Systems and Applications was written for researchers and engineers with a professional interest in phased array-based systems. Timely, authoritative, and comprehensive, it discusses the most current uses of phased arrays (operating at cm and mm wavelengths) in radar, radio astronomy, remote sensing, electronic warfare, spectrum surveillance, and communications. This exploration of systems that share the same principles and perform similar functions helps phased array users in all these fields learn more about the systems and applications in which they specialize. More important, the complementary nature of a variety of sensors is emphasized throughout the book.

While his consistent focus is on practical applications, the author also provides generous coverage of basic theoretical principles to help readers understand the systems trade-offs made in the design of various phased arrays.

An indispensable professional resource for radar and antenna engineers, Phased Array-Based Systems and Applications is also a superior graduate-level text for students in these fields.

This book gives an introduction to the possibilities of radar technology based on active array antennas, giving examples of modern practical systems, many of which were developed in Europe. In addition to coverage of antennas, array signal processing, adaptive digital beamforming, adaptive monopulse, superresolution, and sequential detection, several modern systems are described including space-time adaptive processing (STAP), moving target detection using synthetic aperture radar (SAR), and several other experimental phased array radar systems. There are many valuable lessons presented for designers of future high standard multifunction radar systems for military and civil applications. The book will appeal to graduate level engineers, researchers, and managers in the field of radar, aviation and space technology.

This full color book is a comprehensive visual reference for the interpretation of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images with examples of how technological specifications may affect interpretation solutions. It contains a summary review of image acquisition parameters of consequence on the visual representation of objects, introduces traditional interpretation keys under different light and applies them for considering regional landscape components and identifying large-scale geographical ensembles. Through elements of interpretation such as the construct of tone, texture, pattern, size, and shape, the book explains the rich unique context of many terrains. It provides also several SAR X- and C-band image examples of regional and large-scale land use and land cover (LULC) ensembles, includes important explanations for each illustration, and highlights selected SAR image applications. Ancillary information includes acquisition specifications, a geographic scale, and the image-center latitude and longitude. Features: Provides ready access to any type of information for an image interpretation problem related to current LULC classification schemes. Presents scalable geographic information interpreted at a regional scale and land cover ensembles that can also be interpreted locally. Provides comparative examples of images acquired from X- and C-band, opposed look directions, near- and far-range incidence angles, like- and cross-polarization modes. Includes practical explanations easily transferred to individual's research projects. Designed as "visual dictionary," SAR Image Interpretation for Various Land Covers: A Practical Guide, is an excellent introduction to the visual interpretation of SAR images for numerous types of LULC. Both practitioners and students will familiarize themselves with and expand their knowledge of geographic information conveyed from radar images while government agencies and businesses that use LULC-related data for emergency response cases of for urban and regional planning, will find this book invaluable.

This book describes the application of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar to earth remote sensing based on research at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). This book synthesizes all current research to provide practical information for both the newcomer and the expert in radar polarimetry. The text offers a concise description of the mathematical fundamentals illustrated with many examples using SAR data, with a main focus on remote sensing of the earth.

The book begins with basics of synthetic aperture radar to provide the basis for understanding how polarimetric SAR images are formed and gives an introduction to the fundamentals of radar polarimetry. It goes on to discuss more advanced polarimetric concepts that allow one to infer more information about the terrain being imaged. In order to analyze data quantitatively, the signals must be calibrated carefully, which the book addresses in a chapter summarizing the basic calibration algorithms. The book concludes with examples of applying polarimetric analysis to scattering from rough surfaces, to infer soil moisture from radar signals.

Bistatic radars have been a focus of study since the earliest days of radar research. Despite this, until recently only a few bistatic systems have crossed the experimental study threshold and, consequently, there is little known about them compared to their monostatic counterparts. Now, however, there is fast growing interest in bistatic radar, due to its importance in the development of defence, remote sensing, aerospace, meteorological and navigation application fields, as well as its unique peculiarities. These include: covert operational ability relevant to the receiver position, counter-stealth ability, and a potentially reduced cost as one transmitter can be used to send information to several receivers.

With contributions from international experts working with bistatic radar, this book, the first in a series on bistatic radar, provides an introduction to the technology, covering information on basic principles and design. Starting with a detailed look at monostatic radar, examining the development of the field as a whole, the book then goes on to:

introduce the classical aspects of bistatic radar such as geometry, power budget and resolution; present an in depth analysis of bistatic scattering of electromagnetic waves; provide an overview of the bistatic radar potential which follows from their bistatic nature; discuss forward scattering radar; investigate forward scattering radar for air targets detection and tracking; set out an experimental study of real world forward scattering radar.

Bistatic Radars: Principles and Practice gives an up-to-date overview of this important technology for practising engineers and researchers involved in the design andimplementation of bistatic radar in a range of industries. It is also a valuable reference for advanced students taking special courses in radar technology.

This book presents the fundamentals of polarimetric radar remote sensing through understanding wave scattering and propagation in geophysical media filled with hydrometers and other objects. The text characterizes the physical, statistical, and electromagnetic properties of hydrometers and establishes the relations between radar observables and physical state parameters. It introduces advanced remote sensing techniques (such as polarimetric phased array radar) and retrieval methods for physical parameters. The book also illustrates applications of polarimetric radar measurements in hydrometer classification, particle size distribution retrievals, microphysical parameterization, and weather quantification and forecast.

Radar Hydrology: Principles, Models, and Applications provides graduate students, operational forecasters, and researchers with a theoretical framework and practical knowledge of radar precipitation estimation. The only text on the market solely devoted to radar hydrology, this comprehensive reference: Begins with a brief introduction to radar Focuses on the processing of radar data to arrive at accurate estimates of rainfall Addresses advanced radar sensing principles and applications Covers radar technologies for observing each component of the hydrologic cycle Examines state-of-the-art hydrologic models and their inputs, parameters, state variables, calibration procedures, and outputs Discusses contemporary approaches in data assimilation Concludes with methods, case studies, and prediction system design Includes downloadable MATLAB (R) content Flooding is the #1 weather-related natural disaster worldwide. Radar Hydrology: Principles, Models, and Applications aids in understanding the physical systems and detection tools, as well as designing prediction systems.

Radar Expert, Esteemed Author Gregory L. Charvat on CNN and CBS

Author Gregory L. Charvat appeared on CNN on March 17, 2014 to discuss whether Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 might have literally flown below the radar. He appeared again on CNN on March 20, 2014 to explain the basics of radar, and he explored the hope and limitations of the technology involved in the search for Flight 370 on CBS on March 22, 2014.

Get His Book Now

Coupling theory with reality, from derivation to implementation of actual radar systems, Small and Short-Range Radar Systems analyzes and then provides design procedures and working design examples of small and short-range radar systems. Discussing applications from automotive to through-wall imaging, autonomous vehicle, and beyond, the practical text supplies high-level descriptions, theoretical derrivations, back-of-envelope calculations, explanations of processing algorithms, and case studies for each type of small radar system covered, including continuous wave (CW), ultrawideband (UWB) impulse, linear frequency modulation (FM), linear rail synthetic aperture radar (SAR), and phased array. This essential reference:

• Explains how to design your own radar devices
• Demonstrates how to process data from small radar sensors
• Provides real-world, measured radar data to test algorithms before investing development time

Complete with downloadable MATLAB(r) scripts and actual radar measurements, Small and Short-Range Radar Systems empowers you to rapidly develop small radar technology for your application.

Expanding the range of antenna frequency is the main objective of this book. Solutions proposed are based on the development of new theoretical methods for analyzing and synthesizing antennas. The book shows that concentrated capacitive loads connected along linear and V-antennas provide a high level of matching with a cable over a wide frequency range and improves directional characteristics of antennas, i.e. increases the communication distance. New theoretical methods are proposed for analysis and synthesis of antennas under consideration: 1) method of calculating directional characteristics of radiators with a given current distribution, and 2) method of electrostatic analogy for calculating mutual and total fields of complex multi-element radiating structures. These methods allow us to obtain optimal directional characteristics for director-type antennas (arrays of Yagi-Uda) and log-periodic antennas with concentrated capacitances and show that use of capacitors makes it possible to extend the frequency range of the director antennas and to decrease dimensions of the log-periodic antennas Multi-element (flat and three-dimensional) self-complementary antennas with different variants of connecting generator poles and cable wires to antenna elements are proposed, which improves the matching with a cable. Characteristics of flat structures are compared with characteristics of volume structures: conical, parabolic, and located on a pyramid edges. The book describes new versions of transparent antennas, antennas for cellular communication, multi-tier and multi-radiator antennas, and much more.

Over the last ten years, the numbers of unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) or "drones" have changed from being just a few specialist systems, used for scientific data gathering and military purposes, to them proliferating in huge numbers. They are used across a broad range of different leisure, commercial and military activities. UAVs can be used for: movement of items in factories for manufacturing, passenger and freight transportation, can take various roles in the agriculture and forestry industries (dispensing seeds, watering and monitoring crops), remote sensing for the oil and gas industries, traffic flow monitoring, support of emergency services, hobbies, security, military and many other applications. The expansion in the use of unmanned air vehicles has come about due to the development of low cost, high performance stable platforms, employing equally low-cost communication and navigation systems supplemented by simple to use software and interfaces. Therefore, there is a need to be able to monitor the rapidly changing use of airspace, especially at low and normally neglected altitudes to ensure UAVs do not compromise safety or are used for malicious purposes. Radar is the only sensor able to perform this function on a 24-hour, all weather, wide-area basis. This book, concerned with radar surveillance of UAVs, has been compiled using contributions from the leading experts around the world to create a single body of knowledge on this important, yet still emerging, topic. It is aimed at advanced students and researchers with an interest in radar systems.

Completely modernized, greatly expanded, but retaining all the magic of the 2nd edition, Introduction to Airborne Radar has been brought into the 21st century without losing the hallmarks that made George Stimson's previous editions unique. Every chapter has been updated to reflect the constant transformations in radar technology and end-of-chapter exercises have also been added, improving its employment as a textbook. Over 100 radar and EW experts from around the world were involved in reviewing, writing, and editing this book, each one a longtime user of the previous editions. Each one of them was tasked with making sure this third edition lives up to its legacy of 'Introduction.' Stimson's is written specifically as an overview without going overboard on the math. Virtually anyone with a knowledge of high school algebra, trigonometry, and physics will be able to read and absorb the vast majority of the material. The first 17 chapters provide fundamentals that can be used by air, ground, and sea-based personnel. Every chapter provides extensive fundamental materials and practical applications, using visual system exemplars to aid explanations. The unique full color layout is enhanced with an immense number of illustrations, figures, tables, and color photographs. Key features: Modernized to reflect changes in the past 20 years including electronic scanning antennas and high resolution imaging. Completely covers the wide range of techniques employed in modern airborne and space borne radars. Fundamentals are applicable to ground and sea-based radar. Clear, understandable writing supplemented by extensive graphic illustration of concepts and offset boxes taking those concepts to the next level. Community reviewed by over 100 radar experts from organizations worldwide.

Introduction to Radar Analysis, Second Edition is a major revision of the popular textbook. It is written within the context of communication theory as well as the theory of signals and noise. By emphasizing principles and fundamentals, the textbook serves as a vital source for students and engineers. Part I bridges the gap between communication, signal analysis, and radar. Topics include modulation techniques and associated Continuous Wave (CW) and pulsed radar systems. Part II is devoted to radar signal processing and pulse compression techniques. Part III presents special topics in radar systems including radar detection, radar clutter, target tracking, phased arrays, and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). Many new exercise are included and the author provides comprehensive easy-to-follow mathematical derivations of all key equations and formulas. The author has worked extensively for the U.S. Army, the U.S. Space and Missile Command, and other military agencies. This is not just a textbook for senior level and graduates students, but a valuable tool for practicing radar engineers. Features Authored by a leading industry radar professional. Comprehensive up-to-date coverage of radar systems analysis issues. Easy to follow mathematical derivations of all equations and formulas Numerous graphical plots and table format outputs. One part of the book is dedicated to radar waveforms and radar signal processing.

The third edition of an Artech House classic, Phased Array Antenna Handbook, provides new material on array and multibeam antennas and systems, including new methods, devices and machine learning techniques. The authors cover the antenna system design, pattern synthesis, array architecture and components and current developments in subarray technology. Researchers and communication engineers will find the numerous equations and illustrations particularly helpful to evaluate antenna parameters, such as gain, sidelobe levels and noise.

Radar networks are increasingly regarded as an efficient approach to enhancing radar capabilities in the face of popular anti-radar techniques and hostile operating environments. Reader-friendly and self-contained, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest radar networking technologies. The text addresses basic, relevant aspects of radar signal processing and statistical theories, including both civilian and military radar applications. It also discusses emerging topics that directly relate to networks, such as multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radars, waveform design, and diversity via multiple transmitters. Other topics covered include target recognition and imaging using radar networks. Features Gives a comprehensive view of the latest radar network technologies Covers both civilian and military applications of radar Provides basic statistics and signal processing necessary for understanding radar networks Includes up-to-date information on MIMO radars Presents waveform design and diversity for radar networks with multiple transmitters

This book provides a comprehensive and systematic framework for the design of adaptive architectures, which take advantage of the available a priori information to enhance the detection performance. Moreover, this framework also provides guidelines to develop decision schemes capable of estimating the target position within the range bin. To this end, the readers are driven step-by-step towards those aspects that have to be accounted for at the design stage, starting from the exploitation of system and/or environment information up to the use of target energy leakage (energy spillover), which allows inferring on the target position within the range cell under test.In addition to design issues, this book presents an extensive number of illustrative examples based upon both simulated and real-recorded data. Moreover, the performance analysis is enriched by considerations about the trade-off between performances and computational requirements.Finally, this book could be a valuable resource for PhD students, researchers, professors, and, more generally, engineers working on statistical signal processing and its applications to radar systems.

Advances in Bistatic Radar updates and extends bistatic and multistatic radar developments since the publication of Willis' Bistatic Radar in 1991. New and recently declassified military applications are documented, civil applications are detailed including commercial and scientific systems and leading radar engineers provide expertise to each of these applications. Advances in Bistatic Radar consists of two major sections: Bistatic/Multistatic Radar Systems and Bistatic Clutter and Signal Processing. Starting with a history update, the first section documents the early and now declassified military AN/FPS-23 Fluttar DEW-Line Gap-filler, and high frequency (HF) bistatic radars developed for missile attack warning. It then documents the recently developed passive bistatic and multistatic radars exploiting commercial broadcast transmitters for military and civilian air surveillance. Next, the section documents scientific bistatic radar systems for planetary exploration, which have exploited data link transmitters over the last forty years; ionospheric measurements, again exploiting commercial broadcast transmitters; and 3-D wind field measurements using a bistatic receiver hitchhiking off doppler weather radars. This last application has been commercialized. The second section starts by documenting the full, unclassified bistatic clutter scattering coefficient data base, along with the theory and analysis supporting its development. The section then details two major clutter-related developments, spotlight bistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR), which can now generate high resolution images using bistatic autofocus and related techniques; and adaptive moving target indication (MTI), which allows cancellation of nonstationary clutter generated by moving (i.e. airborne) platforms through the use of bistatic space-time adaptive processing (STAP).

This is the only English language book on bistatic radar. It starts with James Casper's fine chapter in the first edition of Skolnik's Radar Handbook (1970), capturing previously unpublished work before 1970. It then summarizes and codifies subsequent bistatic radar research and development, especially as catalogued in the special December 1986 IEE journal. It defines and resolves many issues and controversies plaguing bistatic radar, including predicted performance, monostatic equivalence, bistatic radar cross section and resolution, bistatic Doppler, hitchhiking, SAR, ECM/ECCM, and, most importantly, the utility of bistatic radars. The text provides a history of bistatic systems that points out to potential designers, the applications that have worked and the dead-ends not worth pursuing. The text reviews the basic concepts and definitions, and explains the mathematical development of relationships, such as geometry, Ovals of Cassini, dynamic range, isorange and isodoppler contours, target doppler, and clutter doppler spread.

An indispensable resource for all those who design, build, manage, and operate electronic navigation systems

Avionics Navigation Systems, Second Edition, is a complete guide to the art and science of modern electronic navigation, focusing on aircraft. It covers electronic navigation systems in civil and military aircraft, helicopters, unmanned aerial vehicles, and manned spacecraft. It has been thoroughly updated and expanded to include all of the major advances that have occurred since the publication of the classic first edition. It covers the entire field from basic navigation principles, equations, and state-of-the-art hardware to emerging technologies. Each chapter is devoted to a different system or technology and provides detailed information about its functions, design characteristics, equipment configurations, performance limitations, and directions for the future. You'll find everything you need to know about:

• Traditional ground-based radio navigation
• Satellite systems: GPS, GLONASS, and their augmentations
• New inertial systems, including optical rate sensors, micromechanical accelerometers, and high-accuracy stellar-inertial navigators
• Instrument Landing System and its successors
• Integrated communication-navigation systems used on battlefields
• Airborne mapping, Doppler, and multimode radars
• Terrain matching
• Special needs of military aircraft
• And much more

Since the publication of Kayton and Fried's classic work, Avionics Navigation Systems, almost thirty years ago, tremendous strides have been made in the science and practice of navigation: satellite systems, improved sensors, new computer technology and software, interconnected avionics subsystems, and more. Completely updated to include the latest advances in navigation theory, hardware, and software, this brand-new edition provides comprehensive, unified coverage of the principles of modern navigation equipment and systems.

The initial chapters establish the conceptual and technical foundations of the subject, with a concise overview of electronic navigation and a review of crucial principles and equations. Each of the ensuing chapters provides in-depth treatment of a specific navigation technology, including ground-based radio-navigation aids; satellite-based radio-navigation aids; integrated communication-navigation systems; inertial and stellar-inertial navigation systems; air-data sensors and algorithms that derive airspeed, angles of attack and sideslip, and barometric altitude; attitude and heading sensors and displays; Doppler radars, radar altimeters, and mapping radars; and terrain map-matching. The book concludes with a description of land-based and aircraft-carrier-based landing aids, air-traffic management, and avionic interfaces.

Retaining the user-friendly organization of the first edition, each chapter presents basic functions and principles, and then discusses design characteristics and equipment configurations, performance limitations, and sources of error. Each chapter concludes with a prediction of future trends. Comparative performance levels, weights, power consumption, and costs are described where possible. A thorough index makes it easy to find material quickly.

Avionics Navigation Systems, Second Edition, is an indispensable resource for all engineers and systems analysts who design, build, and maintain navigation and avionics equipment, as well as for the pilots and operations staff who use it.

Waveguide Junction Circulators brings together for the first time all the design aspects of this class of device. In a typical application the circulator allows a single antenna to be used for both transmission and reception. Together with semiconductor, passive and electronic devices, the circulator constitutes an essential building block in modern radar, satellite and telecommunication equipment. Features include:
* Examination of the properties and adjustments of the 3-port junction circulator and focus on the gyromagnetic resonator
* Description of the design of practical classic circulator arrangements
* Discussion of aspects of filter theory in the design of the classic 3-port junction circulator
* Consideration of practical concerns such as insertion loss and commercial specifications
Written by a leading academic authority and experienced industrial consultant, Waveguide Junction Circulators is a vital information source for designers working in microwave engineering. This valuable guide provides the academic researcher with a firm foundation in the theoretical aspects of this class of device whilst offering the industrial engineer an experimental platform for commercial design.

This is the first book to bring together the increasingly complex radar automotive technologies and tools being explored and utilized in the development of fully autonomous vehicles - technologies and tools now understood to be an essential need for the field to fully mature. The book presents state-of-the-art knowledge as shared by the best and brightest experts working in the automotive radar industry today -- leaders who have "been there and done that." Each chapter is written as a standalone "master class" with the authors, seeing the topic through their eyes and experiences. Where beneficial, the chapters reference one another but can otherwise be read in any order desired, making the book an excellent go-to reference for a particular topic or review you need to understand. You'll get a big-picture tour of the key radar needs for fully autonomous vehicles, and how achieving these needs is complicated by the automotive environment's dense scenes, number of possible targets of interest, and mix of very large and very small returns. You'll then be shown the challenges from - and mitigations to - radio frequency interference (RFI), an ever-increasing challenge as the number of vehicles with radars - and radars per vehicle grow. The book also dives into the impacts of weather on radar performance, providing you with insights gained from extensive real-world testing. You are then taken through the integration and systems considerations, especially regarding safety, computing needs, and testing. Each of these areas is influenced heavily by the needs of fully autonomous vehicles and are open areas of research and development. With this authoritative volume you will understand: How to engage with radar designers (from a system integrator / OEM standpoint); How to structure and set requirements for automotive radars; How to address system safety needs for radars in fully autonomous vehicles; How to assess weather impact on the radar and its ability to support autonomy; How to include weather effects into specifications for radars. This is an essential reference for engineers currently in the autonomous vehicle arena and/or working in automotive radar development, as well as engineers and leaders in adjacent radar fields needing to stay abreast of the rapid developments in this exciting and dynamic field of research and development.

This book presents the theory, analysis and design of microwave stepped-frequency radar sensors. Stepped-frequency radar sensors are attractive for various sensing applications that require fine resolution. The book consists of five chapters. The first chapter describes the fundamentals of radar sensors including applications followed by a review of ultra-wideband pulsed, frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW), and stepped-frequency radar sensors. The second chapter discusses a general analysis of radar sensors including wave propagation in media and scattering on targets, as well as the radar equation. The third chapter addresses the analysis of stepped-frequency radar sensors including their principles and design parameters. Chapter 4 presents the development of two stepped-frequency radar sensors at microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies based on microwave integrated circuits (MICs), microwave monolithic integrated circuits (MMICs) and printed-circuit antennas, and discusses their signal processing. Chapter 5 provides the electrical characterization and test results of the developed microwave and millimeter-wave stepped-frequency radar sensors. Finally, a summary and conclusion is provided.