Using the Bayesian inference framework, this book enables the reader to design and develop mathematically sound algorithms for dealing with tracking problems involving multiple targets, multiple sensors, and multiple platforms. It shows how non-linear Multiple Hypothesis Tracking and the Theory of United Tracking are successful methods when multiple target tracking must be performed without contacts or association. With detailed examples illustrating the developed concepts, algorithms, and approaches, the book helps the reader track when observations are non-linear functions of target site, when the target state distributions or measurements error distributions are not Gaussian, when notions of contact and association are merged or unresolved among more than one target, and in low data rate and low signal to noise ratio situations.

The drive is on to devise LPI radar systems that evade hostile detection as well as develop non-cooperative intercept devices that outsmart enemy LPI radar. Based on the author's own design experience, this comprehensive, hands-on book gives you the latest design and development techniques to innovate new LPI radar systems and discover new ways to intercept enemy LPI radar. Over 200 graphics illustrate the underlying principles of LPI waveform design and help you visually identify waveform parameters. Filled with more than 500 equations that provide rigorous mathematical detail, this book can be used by both entry-level and seasoned engineers. Besides thoroughly treating LPI radar theory and intercept signal processing, this book includes such real-world applications as anti-ship cruise missile LPI seeker solutions. The CD-ROM contains MATLAB code that you can use on the job to evaluate complex LPI radar-receiver interactions.

This book presents selected contributions of the Ultra-Wideband Short-Pulse Electromagnetics 7 Conference, including electromagnetic theory, scattering, Ultrawideband (UWB) antennas, UWB systems, ground penetrating radar, UWB communications, pulsed-power generation, time-domain computational electromagnetics, UWB compatibility, target detection and discrimination, propagation through dispersive media, and wavelet and multi-resolution techniques.

Synthetic aperture radar and inverse synthetic aperture radar (SAR/ISAR) images have been largely used for monitoring small to large areas and more specifically for target recognition/identification. However, the technology has limitations due to the use of classical monostatic, single channel, single frequency and single polarization systems. To overcome these limitations, solutions have been proposed that show the benefit of using multiple frequencies, spatial channels, polarisations and perspective, in one word multi-dimensional radar imaging systems when dealing with non-cooperative targets. Multidimensional Radar Imaging introduces a new framework within which to address the problem of radar imaging and target recognition as it jointly looks at optimising the use of multiple channels to significantly outperform classical radar imaging systems. It has been used in the military within NATO for the last few years and the technology is now declassified. Topics covered include three-dimensional ISAR; STAP-ISAR; wide-band multi-look passive ISAR; radar tomography; multistatic PCL-SAR; fusion of multistatic ISAR images with large angular separation; rotor blade parameter estimation with multichannel passive radar; multistatic 3D ISAR imaging of maritime targets; challenges of semi-cooperative bi/multistatic SAR using Cosmo SkyMEd as an illuminator; and lessons learnt from the NATO SET-196 RTG on multi-channel/multi-static radar imaging of non-cooperative targets.

Discusses theory and design of pulsed Doppler radar and MTI with details on clutter, clutter modelling and theory of optimum processing. The book also covers special topics related to the use of the Doppler effect in radar systems which involve the application of special Doppler signal processing techniques that provide unique, otherwise unachievable features within the radar system.

Synthetic Aperture Radar Processing simply and methodically presents principles and techniques of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image generation by analyzing its system transfer function. The text considers the full array of operation modes from strip to scan, emphasizes processing techniques, enabling the design of operational SAR codes. A simple example then follows.
This book will be invaluable to all SAR scientists and engineers working in the field. It may be used as the basis for a course on SAR image generation or as a reference book on remote sensing. It contains a wide spectrum of information presented with clarity and rigor.

Radar's ever-expanding role in the modern world has spawned a demand for professionals well-versed in the latest system-level analysis and performance modeling techniques. This expanded second edition of an Artech House bestseller helps engineers, mathematicians, and programmers answer the call, by providing the clearest presentation of radar system principles and system-level modeling procedures available. It serves as both a reference and a text, and features new material on airborne and space-based radar, radar tracking techniques, radar system design, and operational and performance issues. It also provides detailed examples, problem sets and solutions, and a comprehensive self-test. Extensive references, bibliographies, and over 100 illustrations help make this work an indispensable resource for radar specialists and non-specialists alike. CD-ROM Included! Provides custom radar functions and equations that let practitioners calculate the radar performance parameters covered by the book in Excel worksheets.

This book provides a comprehensive and systematic framework for the design of adaptive architectures, which take advantage of the available a priori information to enhance the detection performance. Moreover, this framework also provides guidelines to develop decision schemes capable of estimating the target position within the range bin. To this end, the readers are driven step-by-step towards those aspects that have to be accounted for at the design stage, starting from the exploitation of system and/or environment information up to the use of target energy leakage (energy spillover), which allows inferring on the target position within the range cell under test.In addition to design issues, this book presents an extensive number of illustrative examples based upon both simulated and real-recorded data. Moreover, the performance analysis is enriched by considerations about the trade-off between performances and computational requirements.Finally, this book could be a valuable resource for PhD students, researchers, professors, and, more generally, engineers working on statistical signal processing and its applications to radar systems.

This book, based on Transport and Urban Development COST Action TU1208, presents the most advanced applications of ground penetrating radar (GPR) in a civil engineering context, with documentation of instrumentation, methods and results. It explains clearly how GPR can be employed for the surveying of critical transport infrastructure, such as roads, pavements, bridges and tunnels and for the sensing and mapping of underground utilities and voids. Detailed attention is also devoted to use of GPR in the inspection of geological structures and of construction materials and structures, including reinforced concrete, steel reinforcing bars and pre/post-tensioned stressing ducts. Advanced methods for solution of electromagnetic scattering problems and new data processing techniques are also presented. Readers will come to appreciate that GPR is a safe, advanced, non destructive and noninvasive imaging technique that can be effectively used for the inspection of composite structures and the performance of diagnostics relevant to the entire life cycle of civil engineering works.

This introductory reference covers the technology and concepts of ultra-wideband (UWB) radar systems. It provides up-to-date information for those who design, evaluate, analyze, or use UWB technology for any application. Since UWB technology is a developing field, the authors have stressed theory and hardware and have presented basic principles and concepts to help guide the design of UWB systems. Introduction to Ultra-Wideband Radar Systems is a comprehensive guide to the general features of UWB technology as well as a source for more detailed information.

This book shows you how to consider AGC, signal thresholding, and range tracking loops from a practical viewpoint.

This book presents a comprehensive discussion of the commercial and military applications of small-aperture radio direction finding. Supported by 154 equations and 108 illustrations, it also details the functional elements of radio-direction finding and a definition of small-aperture DF based on linear wavelength criteria.

Engineers will exploit the simplicity and utility of high-frequency predictions of radar cross section (RCS). Managers will appreciate the impact of radar echo reduction measures on overall system performance. Analysts will use the exact and general formulation of the radar echo prediction problem. The reference information and advanced material will be used by students, practising engineers, and radar echo specialists. Upgraded and expanded by over 20% this second edition helps the nonspecialist understand how radar echo requirements may influence design objectives.

"Covers a wide range of topics. Should be both interesting and challenging to the novice. ...a handy guide for those in the field." -- Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

Compiles the latest techniques for those who design advanced systems for tracking, surveillance and navigation. This second volume expands upon the first with 11 new chapters. The text includes pertinent contributions from leading international experts in this field.

The development of radar has been one of the most successful direct applications of physics ever attempted, and then implemented and applied at large scale. Certain watchwords of radar engineering have underpinned many of the developments of the past 80 years and remain potential avenues for improvement. For example, 'Narrow beams are good', 'Fast detection is good', 'Agility is good', and 'Clutter is bad'. All these statements of merit are true. The underlying principles for all these statements are the laws of physics, and they provide support for current radar designs. However, each of these statements is really a design choice, rather than their necessary consequence. This book shows that under the physical laws and with modern data processing, staring radar offers a new direction of travel. The process of detection and tracking can be updated through persistent signal discovery and target analysis, without losses in sensitivity, and while delivering detailed information on target dynamics and classification. The first part of the book introduces various forms of staring radar, which include the earliest and simplest forms of electromagnetic surveillance and its users. The next step is to summarise the physical laws under which all radar operates, and the requirements that these systems need or will need to meet to fulfil a range of applications. We are then able to be specific about the technology needed to implement staring radar.

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a powerful sensing technology widely used for the non-destructive assessment of a variety of structures with different properties including dimensions, electrical properties, and moisture. After an introduction to the underlying concepts, this book guides the reader through the development and use of a GPR system, with an emphasis on the parameters that can be optimized, the theory behind assessment, and a coherent methodology to obtain results from a measured or simulated GPR signal. The authors then embark on a detailed discussion of support tools and numerical modelling techniques that can be applied to improve readings from GPR systems. Ground Penetrating Radar is of interest to engineers, scientists, researchers and professionals working in the fields of ground penetrating radar, non-destructive testing, geoscience and remote sensing, antennas and propagation, microwaves, electromagnetics and imaging. It will also be of use to professionals and academics in the fields of electrical, mechanical, sensing, and civil engineering as well as material science and archaeology concerned with quality control and fault analysis.

This book gives you an in-depth look into the critical function of interference shielding for onboard radar of anti-aircraft missile systems. Intended for radar engineers and technicians specializing in anti-aircraft defense, the book reviews today's military and geo-political threats, helps you understand the functional needs of the various radar and anti-missile systems to meet those threats, and synthesizes considerations for devising practical and effective protection against interferences that affect the homing heads of anti-aircraft guided missiles. Three problematic interferences are presented and discussed in detail: polarization interference; interference to the sidelobe of onboard antennas; and interference from two points in space, including interference reflected from the earth (water) surface. The book covers the basic principles of radiolocation, including monopulse radars, and gives insight into the fundamental functional units of anti-aircraft missiles and surface-to-air missile systems. The book presents guidance methods, systems of direction finding, problems on firing over the horizon, and questions of accuracy and resolution - all important for better addressing solutions of interference shielding. You will learn how to estimate the stability of target auto-tracking under conditions of cited interferences, and better assess existing limitations on firing over the horizon by a long-range antiaircraft system, as well as hypersonic targets and satellites. This is a unique and valuable resource for engineers and technicians who are involved in the design and development of anti-aircraft guided missile systems, with special emphasis on interference immunity and protection. It can also be used as a textbook in advanced radar technology coursework and seminars.

Offering a practical alternative to the conventional methods used in signal processing applications, this book discloses numerical techniques and explains how to evaluate the frequency-domain attributes of a waveform without resorting to actual transformation through Fourier methods. This book should prove of interest to practitioners in any field who may require the analysis, association, recognition or processing of signals, and undergraduate students of signal processing.

Low Power UWB CMOS Radar Sensors deals with the problem of designing low cost CMOS radar sensors. The radar sensor uses UWB signals in order to obtain a reasonable target separation capability, while maintaining a maximum signal frequency below 2 GHz. This maximum frequency value is well within the reach of current CMOS technologies. The use of UWB signals means that most of the methodologies used in the design of circuits and systems that process narrow band signals, can no longer be applied.

Low Power UWB CMOS Radar Sensors provides an analysis between the interaction of UWB signals, the antennas and the processing circuits. This analysis leads to some interesting conclusions on the types of antennas and types of circuits that should be used. A methodology to compare the noise performance of UWB processing circuits is also derived. This methodology is used to analyze and design the constituting circuits of the radar transceiver. In order to validate the design methodology a CMOS prototype is designed and experimentally evaluated.