1871. Designed for the Use of Students of the University. Contents: General Recognition of the Air as the Medium which Conveys Sound; Properties of Air, on which the Formation and Transmission of Sound Depend; Theory of Undulations, as Applied to Sound; and Investigation of the Passage of a Wave of Air Through a Cylindrical Pipe or of a Plane Wave Through the Atmosphere Generally; Investigation of the Motion of a Wave of Air through the Atmosphere Considered as of Two or Three Dimensions; Transmission of Waves of Soniferous Vibrations through Different Gases, Solids and Fluids; Experiments on the Velocity of Sound and on the Pressure Accompanying Atmospheric Waves; and Comparison of the Experimental Results with the Results of Theory; On Musical Sounds and the Manner of Producing Them; On the Elements of Musical Harmony and Melody and of Simple Musical Composition; On Instrumental Music and the Adaptations of Music Required by Special Instruments; and On the Human Organs of Speech and Hearing.

The conformal group is the invariance group of geometry (which is not understood), the largest one. Physical applications are implied, as discussed, including reasons for interactions. The group structure as well as those of related groups are analyzed. An inhomogeneous group is a subgroup of a homogeneous one because of nonlinearities of the realization. Conservation of baryons (protons can't decay) is explained and proven. Reasons for various realizations, so matrix elements, of the Lorentz group given. The clearly relevant mass level formula is compared with experimental values. Questions, implications and possibilities, including for differential equations, are raised.

This text considers waves the great unifying concept of physics. With minimal mathematics, it emphasizes the behavior common to phenomena such as earthquake waves, ocean waves, sound waves, and mechanical waves. Topics include velocity, vector and complex representation, energy and momentum, coupled modes, polarization, diffraction, and radiation. 1974 edition.

This book deals with density, temperature, velocity and concentration fluctuations in fluids and fluid mixtures. The book first reviews thermal fluctuations in equilibrium fluids on the basis of fluctuating hydrodynamics. It then shows how the method of fluctuating hydrodynamics can be extended to deal with hydrodynamic fluctuations when the system is in a stationary nonequilibrium state. In contrast to equilibrium fluids where the fluctuations are generally short ranged unless the system is close to a critical point, fluctuations in nonequilibrium fluids are always long-ranged encompassing the entire system. The book provides the first comprehensive treatment of fluctuations in fluids and fluid mixtures brought out of equilibrium by the imposition of a temperature and concentration gradient but that are still in a macroscopically quiescent state. By incorporating appropriate boundary conditions in the case of fluid layers, it is shown how fluctuating hydrodynamics affects the fluctuations close to the onset of convection. Experimental techniques of light scattering and shadowgraphy for measuring nonequilibrium fluctuations are elucidated and the experimental results thus far reported in the literature are reviewed.
- Systematic exposition of fluctuating hydrodynamics and its applications
- First book on nonequilibrium fluctuations in fluids
- Fluctuating Boussinesq equations and nonequilibrium fluids
- Fluid layers and onset of convection
- Rayleigh scattering and Brillouin scattering in fluids
- Shadowgraph technique for measuring fluctuations
- Fluctuations near hydrodynamic instabilities

Geometry through its fundamental transformations, the Poincare group, requires that wavefunctions belong to representations. Massless and massive representations are very different and their coupling almost impossible. Helicity-1 gives electromagnetism, helicity-2 gives gravitation; no higher helicities are possible. Basis states, thus the fundamental fields, are the potential and connection. General relativity is derived and is the unique theory of gravity, thus the only possible quantum theory of gravity. It is explained why it is. Because of transformations trajectories must be geodesics. Momenta are covariant derivatives and must commute. Covariant derivatives of the metric are zero.

No branch of classical physics is older in its origins yet more modern in its applications than acoustics. Courses on acoustics very naturally begin with a study of vibrations, as a preliminary to the introduction of the wave equations. Both vibrations and waves, of course, are vastly important to all branches of physics and engineering. But it is very helpful to students to gain an understanding of mechanical waves before trying to comprehend the more subtle and abstract electromagnetic ones.
This undergraduate-level text opens with an overview of fundamental particle vibration theory, and it proceeds to examinations of waves in air and in three dimensions, interference patterns and diffraction, and acoustic impedance, as illustrated in the behavior of horns. Subsequent topics include longitudinal waves in different gases and waves in liquids and solids; stationary waves and vibrating sources, as demonstrated by musical instruments; reflection and absorption of sound waves; speech and hearing; sound measurements and experimental acoustics; reproduction of sound; and miscellaneous applied acoustics. Supplementary sections include four appendixes and answers to problems. Introduction. Appendixes. List of Symbols. References. Index. Answers to Problems.

This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work.

A personal story of the ways in which persistence, chance, and creativity interact in biomedical research. This first book by the author of Zen and the Brain examines the role of chance in the creative process. James Austin tells a personal story of the ways in which persistence, chance, and creativity interact in biomedical research; the conclusions he reaches shed light on the creative process in any field. Austin shows how, in his own investigations, unpredictable events shaped the outcome of his research and brought about novel results. He then goes beyond this story of serendipity to propose a new classification of the varieties of chance, drawing on his own research and examples from the history of science-including the famous accidents that led Fleming to the discovery of penicillin. Finally, he explores the nature of the creative process, considering not only the environmental and neurophysiological correlates of creativity but also the role of intuition in both scientific discoveries and spiritual quests. This updated MIT Press paperback edition includes a new introduction and recent material on medical research, creativity, and spirituality.

This is an introduction to the branch of fluid mechanics concerned with the production of sound by hydrodynamic flows. It is designed for a one semester introductory course at the advanced undergraduate or graduate level. Great care is taken to explain underlying fluid mechanical and acoustic concepts, and to describe fully the steps in a complicated derivation. The discussion deals specifically with low Mach number flows, which enables the sound produced by `vortex-surface' interactions to be analyzed using the `compact Green's function'. This provides a routine procedure for estimating the sound, and an easy identification of those parts of a structure that are likely to be important sources of sound.

The respected classic, now in a handy paperback edition

Originally published in 1971, Harry Van Trees’ Detection, Estimation, and Modulation Theory, Part II is one of the classic references in the area of nonlinear modulation theory and analog communication. Highly readable and well organized, it is as valuable today for professionals, researchers, and students interested in the estimation of continuous waveforms as it was over thirty years ago.

Part II focuses on the problem of finding the optimum estimate of a waveform which is embedded in a signal in a nonlinear manner. The following topics are covered in detail:

• Bayesian Cramér-Rao bound on the mean-square estimation error
• Optimum demodulators for frequency-modulation systems
• Phase estimation: the synchronization problem
• Fokker-Planck techniques for nonlinear analysis in the presence of noise
• Optimum angle-modulation systems
• Rate distortion bounds for analog message transmission
• Analog communication over randomly time-varying channels
• State variable analysis procedures

For students in signal processing or professionals looking for a reliable refresher on waveform estimation, Detection, Estimation, and Modulation Theory, Part II provides authoritative, practical coverage by one of the most renowned figures in the field. Although most current systems are implemented digitally, the bounds on performance developed in Part II are still applicable.

The Science of Sound is widely recognized as the leading textbook in the field. It provides an excellent introduction to acoustics for students without college physics or a strong background in mathematics. In the Third Edition, Richard Moore and Paul Wheeler join Tom Rossing in updating The Science of Sound to include a wide range of important technological developments in the field of acoustics. New exercises and review questions have been added to the end of each chapter to help students study the material.

In his breathtaking debut, The View From Here, Brian Keith Jackson took us inside the heart of black family life in the rural South. Now, in a novel that resonates with pure emotion, he sends photographer Jeremy Bishop back to Elsewhere, Louisiana, for the funeral that marks the end of his father's life -- and the true beginning of his own.

His grandmother, Mama B, called him Patience. Jeremy was, she said, the most agreeable child. He would have liked to tell her that, even while growing up, his hidden wants festered deep inside him. His mother died just hours after his birth, and he was raised by Mama B and his Aunt Jess after his father disappeared. Even after his dad returned one day with his new family, Jeremy kept his distance. But it is a decade later, and Jeremy, now a successful New York photographer, gets a phone call from Louisiana. It is time for Jeremy Bishop to journey the long way home to help bury his father. In the graveyard where his father's body will be laid to rest; in a stranger's appearance at the wake; in a suicide; a murder; and finally inside a cardboard box that had belonged to his father, Jeremy will find himself in ways he never imagined. Conjuring Jeremy's youth in flashbacks as textured as the denim patch on his grandmother's rocking chair, Jackson weaves together past and present in a novel at once astonishing and universally human.

The cross-section method is an analytical tool used in the design of components required for low-loss, highly efficient transmission of electromagnetic waves in nonuniform waveguides. When the waveguide dimensions are large compared with the wavelength, a fully three-dimensional analysis employing modern numerical methods based on finite element, finite difference, finite integration or transmission line matrix formalisms is practically impossible and the cross-section method is the only feasible analysis technique. The method is not limited to oversized tubular metallic waveguides, but is employed intensively in areas such as fibre optic communications, antenna synthesis, natural waveguides (submarine, tropospheric and seismic), microwave radio links (Earth or space) and the design of absorbing surfaces and it may also be applied to many acoustic problems. The application of the method in special cases such as cut-off and resonant frequencies is covered, as well as the design of oversized waveguide components such as tapers, bends, polarisers and mode converters. Many useful formulas are given for the practical layout of such transmission line components. The use of computers in the application of the method and problems related to numerical analysis are also covered.

Junior or Senior level Vibration courses in Departments of Mechanical Engineering.

A thorough treatment of vibration theory and its engineering applications, from simple degree to multi degree-of-freedom system.

Meticulous, precise account of the theory of finite elasticity covers the application of the theory to the solution of boundary-value problems, and to the analysis of the mechanical properties of solid materials capable of large elastic deformations. Setting is purely isothermal. Widely regarded as a classic in the field. Problems. References. Appendixes. 544p.

These 28 contributions by leading researchers - from such diverse disciplines as chemistry, biology, physics, mathematics, and physiology - describe recent experiments, numerical simulations, and theoretical analyses of the formation of spatial patterns in chemical and biological systems.Chemical patterns have been systematically studied since the field was established by Alan Turing's landmark 1952 paper, "The chemical basis for morphogenesis," yet only recently have new experimental techniques and numerical analyses of reaction-diffusion equations opened the way to understanding stationary and traveling wave patterns.This collection summarizes the exciting developments in this rapidly growing field. It shows that some biological patterns have been found to be strikingly similar to patterns found in simple, well-controlled laboratory chemical systems, that new chemical reactor designs make it possible to sustain chemical patterns and to study transitions between different kinds of patterns, and that nearly 40 years after Turing's paper, the patterns predicted by Turing have finally been observed in laboratory experiments.Harry L. Swinney is Sid Richardson Foundation Regents Chair, Department of Physics, and Director of the Center for Nonlinear Dynamics at the University of Texas at Austin. Valentin I. Krinsky is Head of the Autowave Laboratory, Institute of Biological Physics, Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, USSR.Chapters cover: Spiral, Ring, and Scroll Patterns: Experiments. Spiral, Ring, and Scroll Patterns: Theory and Simulations. Fronts and Turing Patterns. Waves and Patterns in Biological Systems.