The explosive increase in information and the miniaturization of electronic devices demand new recording technologies and materials that combine high density, fast response, long retention time and rewriting capability. As predicted, the current silicon-based computer circuits are reaching their physical limits. Further miniaturization of the electronic components and increase in data storage density are vital for the next generation of IT equipment such as ultra high-speed mobile computing, communication devices and sophisticated sensors. This original book presents a comprehensive introduction to the significant research achievements on high-density data storage from the aspects of recording mechanisms, materials and fabrication technologies, which are promising for overcoming the physical limits of current data storage systems. The book serves as an useful guide for the development of optimized materials, technologies and device structures for future information storage, and will lead readers to the fascinating world of information technology in the future.

Pro Tools for Music Production is a definitive guide to the system for new and professional users. Extensively illustrated in colour and packed with time saving hints and tips, you will want to keep to hand as a constant source of information. The book takes a real-world approach and shows how to build the right system to suit your needs. Detailed chapters on recording, editing and mixing blend essential knowledge with tutorials and practical examples from actual recordings.
The second edition features a wealth of new and updated material, including:
- Pro Tools HD systems explained
- Pro Tools 6.1 software (and up to version 6.2.3)
- Mac OSX installation and troubleshooting
- A new chapter on MIDI
- Additional and expanded tutorials
- More on Identify Beat, Beat Detective and tempo maps
- Extra coverage of plug-ins and virtual instruments
- How to use Propellerheads Reason and Ableton Live with Pro Tools
- What you need to know about the new file management capabilities
- How to transfer projects between Pro Tools and other MIDI and audio software, and between Pro Tools TDM on the Mac and Pro Tools LE on the PC
Pro Tools for Music Production is a vital source of reference to keep by your side, whether you are a working professional or a serious hobbyist looking for professional results.
* Get creative with recording, editing and mixing projects and unlock the potential of your system!
* Become an expert on Pro Tools, its third party components and discover how to maintain a healthy computer system
* Colour-illustrated and now including HD systems and Pro Tools 6.2 software

Modern Magnetooptics and Magnetooptical Materials provides a comprehensive account of the principles and applications of magnetooptics, bridging the gap between textbooks and specialist accounts in the research and review literature. The book is aimed at the graduate physicist and electrical engineer, but assumes no specialist knowledge of magnetooptics. Chapters have been designed to be reasonably independent, so that readers in search of information on a particular topic can go straight to the appropriate place in the book, with only occasional reference to material elsewhere.
Divided into three main parts, the book begins with the principles of magnetooptics to provide the necessary theoretical background. This section's emphasis is on introducing practical considerations through examples taken from real-life situations. The next part surveys a wide range of magnetooptic materials, including metals, alloys, and granular structures. The final part explores applications of magnetooptics in practical devices, such as modulators, switches, memory devices, and waveguides. This book provides a thorough introduction for graduate students of physics and electrical engineering, and a useful reference for researchers.

Written by ten leading experts in the field, Optical Computing cover topics such as optical bistability, optical interconnects and circuits, photorefractive devices, spatial light modulators, associative memory, and optical computer architectures.

Gain Critical Insight into the Parallel I/O Ecosystem Parallel I/O is an integral component of modern high performance computing (HPC), especially in storing and processing very large datasets to facilitate scientific discovery. Revealing the state of the art in this field, High Performance Parallel I/O draws on insights from leading practitioners, researchers, software architects, developers, and scientists who shed light on the parallel I/O ecosystem. The first part of the book explains how large-scale HPC facilities scope, configure, and operate systems, with an emphasis on choices of I/O hardware, middleware, and applications. The book then traverses up the I/O software stack. The second part covers the file system layer and the third part discusses middleware (such as MPIIO and PLFS) and user-facing libraries (such as Parallel-NetCDF, HDF5, ADIOS, and GLEAN). Delving into real-world scientific applications that use the parallel I/O infrastructure, the fourth part presents case studies from particle-in-cell, stochastic, finite volume, and direct numerical simulations. The fifth part gives an overview of various profiling and benchmarking tools used by practitioners. The final part of the book addresses the implications of current trends in HPC on parallel I/O in the exascale world.

DVD Authoring and Production is an authoritative and comprehensive guide to publishing content in the DVD-Video, DVD-ROM, and WebDVD formats. Readers learn everything they need to create, produce, and master DVDs - including a firsthand look at professional production techniques employed in the author's StarGaze DVD. Professionals and aspiring DVD artists alike learn the latest tools and techniques as well as how to succeed in the business realm of the DVD world, including optimal methods of marketing, distributing, and selling.

A presentation of the use of computer vision systems to control manufacturing processes and product quality in the hard disk drive industry. Visual Inspection Technology in the Hard Disk Drive Industry is an application-oriented book borne out of collaborative research with the world s leading hard disk drive companies. It covers the latest developments and important topics in computer vision technology in hard disk drive manufacturing, as well as offering a glimpse of future technologies.

This book takes the reader through the actual manufacturing process of making a typical chip, from start to finish, including a detailed discussion of each step, in plain language. The evolution of today's technology is added to the story, as seen through the eyes of the engineers who solved some of the problems. The authors are well suited to that discussion since they are three of those same engineers. They have a broad exposure to the industry and its technology that extends all the way back to Shockley Laboratories, the first semiconductor manufacturer in Silicon Valley.
The CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) process flow is the focus of the discussion and is covered in ten chapters. The vast majority of chips made today are fabricated using this general method. In order to ensure that all readers are comfortable with the vocabulary, the first chapter carefully and clearly introduces the science concepts found in later chapters. A chapter is devoted to pointing out the differences in other manufacturing methods, such as the gallium arsenide technology that produces chips for cell phones. In addition, a chapter describing the nature of the semiconductor industry from a business perspective is included.
"The entire process of making a chip is surprisingly easy to understand. The part of the story that defies belief is the tiny dimensions: the conducting wires and other structures on a chip are more than a hundred times thinner than a hair - and getting thinner with every new chip design."
* Included CD gives the reader a much greater comprehension of the process than a strictly print book with static illustrations provides
* Authors are actual engineers who have a broad range of exposure and experience with chip technology
* Contains a unique chapter describing the nature of the semiconductor industry from a business perspective

This book provides an introduction to digital storage for consumer electronics. It discusses the various types of digital storage, including emerging non-volatile solid-state storage technologies and their advantages and disadvantages. It discusses the best practices for selecting, integrating, and using storage devices for various applications. It explores the networking of devices into an overall organization that results in always-available home storage combined with digital storage in the cloud to create an infrastructure to support emerging consumer applications and the Internet of Things. It also looks at the role of digital storage devices in creating security and privacy in consumer products.

This book provides students and practicing chip designers with an easy-to-follow yet thorough, introductory treatment of the most promising emerging memories under development in the industry. Focusing on the chip designer rather than the end user, this book offers expanded, up-to-date coverage of emerging memories circuit design. After an introduction on the old solid-state memories and the fundamental limitations soon to be encountered, the working principle and main technology issues of each of the considered technologies (PCRAM, MRAM, FeRAM, ReRAM) are reviewed and a range of topics related to design is explored: the array organization, sensing and writing circuitry, programming algorithms and error correction techniques are reviewed comparing the approach followed and the constraints for each of the technologies considered. Finally the issue of radiation effects on memory devices has been briefly treated. Additionally some considerations are entertained about how emerging memories can find a place in the new memory paradigm required by future electronic systems. This book is an up-to-date and comprehensive introduction for students in courses on memory circuit design or advanced digital courses in VLSI or CMOS circuit design. It also serves as an essential, one-stop resource for academics, researchers and practicing engineers.

This book describes the technology of charge-trapping non-volatile memories and their uses. The authors explain the device physics of each device architecture and provide a concrete description of the materials involved and the fundamental properties of the technology. Modern material properties, used as charge-trapping layers, for new applications are introduced. Provides a comprehensive overview of the technology for charge-trapping non-volatile memories; Details new architectures and current modeling concepts for non-volatile memory devices; Focuses on conduction through multi-layer gate dielectrics stacks.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Unconventional Computation and Natural Computation, UCNC 2018, held in Fontainebleau, France, in June 2018. The 15 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 22 submissions. The paper cover topics such as hypercomputation; chaos and dynamical systems based computing; granular, fuzzy and rough computing; mechanical computing; cellular, evolutionary, molecular, neural, and quantum computing; membrane computing; amorphous computing, swarm intelligence; artificial immune systems; physics of computation; chemical computation; evolving hardware; the computational nature of self-assembly, developmental processes, bacterial communication, and brain processes.

This book pioneers the field of gain-cell embedded DRAM (GC-eDRAM) design for low-power VLSI systems-on-chip (SoCs). Novel GC-eDRAMs are specifically designed and optimized for a range of low-power VLSI SoCs, ranging from ultra-low power to power-aware high-performance applications. After a detailed review of prior-art GC-eDRAMs, an analytical retention time distribution model is introduced and validated by silicon measurements, which is key for low-power GC-eDRAM design. The book then investigates supply voltage scaling and near-threshold voltage (NTV) operation of a conventional gain cell (GC), before presenting novel GC circuit and assist techniques for NTV operation, including a 3-transistor full transmission-gate write port, reverse body biasing (RBB), and a replica technique for optimum refresh timing. Next, conventional GC bitcells are evaluated under aggressive technology and voltage scaling (down to the subthreshold domain), before novel bitcells for aggressively scaled CMOS nodes and soft-error tolerance as presented, including a 4-transistor GC with partial internal feedback and a 4-transistor GC with built-in redundancy.

4 zettabytes (4 billion terabytes) of data generated in 2013, 44 zettabytes predicted for 2020 and 185 zettabytes for 2025. These figures are staggering and perfectly illustrate this new era of data deluge. Data has become a major economic and social challenge. The speed of processing of these data is the weakest link in a computer system: the storage system. It is therefore crucial to optimize this operation. During the last decade, storage systems have experienced a major revolution: the advent of flash memory. Flash Memory Integration: Performance and Energy Issues contributes to a better understanding of these revolutions. The authors offer us an insight into the integration of flash memory in computer systems, their behavior in performance and in power consumption compared to traditional storage systems. The book also presents, in their entirety, various methods for measuring the performance and energy consumption of storage systems for embedded as well as desktop/server computer systems. We are invited on a journey to the memories of the future.

This book examines the field of parallel database management systems and illustrates the great variety of solutions based on a shared-storage or a shared-nothing architecture. Constantly dropping memory prices and the desire to operate with low-latency responses on large sets of data paved the way for main memory-based parallel database management systems. However, this area is currently dominated by the shared-nothing approach in order to preserve the in-memory performance advantage by processing data locally on each server. The main argument this book makes is that such an unilateral development will cease due to the combination of the following three trends: a) Today's network technology features remote direct memory access (RDMA) and narrows the performance gap between accessing main memory on a server and of a remote server to and even below a single order of magnitude. b) Modern storage systems scale gracefully, are elastic and provide high-availability. c) A modern storage system such as Stanford's RAM Cloud even keeps all data resident in the main memory. Exploiting these characteristics in the context of a main memory-based parallel database management system is desirable. The book demonstrates that the advent of RDMA-enabled network technology makes the creation of a parallel main memory DBMS based on a shared-storage approach feasible.

This brief describes how non-volatile change of the resistance , due to the application of electric voltage allows for fabrication of novel digital memory devices. The author explains the physics of the devices and provides a concrete description of the materials involved as well as the fundamental properties of the technology. He details how charge trapping, charge transfer and conductive filament formation effect resistive switching memory devices.

No standard work of reference, dealing with dc linear motor in all its aspects has ever been published. However, a considerable amount of literature in the form of published papers dealing with this subject, and also an amount of hitherto unpublished work, particularly of an industrial or applied nature, has been accumulated during the last 25 years. An attempt has been made to collate all this information and present it in a comprehensive and orderly manner in this unique volume. This book has been designed to be useful to two main categories of readers, namely, electrical and mechanical engineers in the user industries, and post-graduates and students embracing mechanical and electrical engineers. This book is intended for researchers and graduate students in electrical machinery. Computer peripherals engineers and engineers in industry

Hardware Based Packet Classification for High Speed Internet Routers presents the most recent developments in hardware based packet classification algorithms and architectures. This book describes five methods which reduce the space that classifiers occupy within TCAMs; TCAM Razor, All-Match Redundancy Removal, Bit Weaving, Sequential Decomposition, and Topological Transformations. These methods demonstrate that in most cases a substantial reduction of space is achieved. Case studies and examples are provided throughout this book. About this book: * Presents the only book in the market that exclusively covers hardware based packet classification algorithms and architectures. * Describes five methods which reduce the space that classifiers occupy within TCAMs: TCAM Razor, All-Match Redundancy Removal, Bit Weaving, Sequential Decomposition, and Topological Transformations. * Provides case studies and examples throughout. Hardware Based Packet Classification for High Speed Internet Routers is designed for professionals and researchers who work within the related field of router design. Advanced-level students concentrating on computer science and electrical engineering will also find this book valuable as a text or reference book.

Variability is one of the most challenging obstacles for IC design in the nanometer regime. In nanometer technologies, SRAM show an increased sensitivity to process variations due to low-voltage operation requirements, which are aggravated by the strong demand for lower power consumption and cost, while achieving higher performance and density. With the drastic increase in memory densities, lower supply voltages, and higher variations, statistical simulation methodologies become imperative to estimate memory yield and optimize performance and power. This book is an invaluable reference on robust SRAM circuits and statistical design methodologies for researchers and practicing engineers in the field of memory design. It combines state of the art circuit techniques and statistical methodologies to optimize SRAM performance and yield in nanometer technologies. Provides comprehensive review of state-of-the-art, variation-tolerant SRAM circuit techniques; Discusses Impact of device related process variations and how they affect circuit and system performance, from a design point of view; Helps designers optimize memory yield, with practical statistical design methodologies and yield estimation techniques.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th National Conference on Computer Engineering and Technology, NCCET 2013, held in Xining, China, in July 2013. The 26 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 234 submissions. They are organized in topical sections named: Application Specific Processors; Communication Architecture; Computer Application and Software Optimization; IC Design and Test; Processor Architecture; Technology on the Horizon.

Oracle Exadata Survival Guide is a hands-on guide for busy Oracle database administrators who are migrating their skill sets to Oracle's Exadata database appliance. The book covers the concepts behind Exadata, and the available configurations for features such as smart scans, storage indexes, Smart Flash Cache, hybrid columnar compression, and more. You'll learn about performance metrics and execution plans, and how to optimize SQL running in Oracle's powerful, new environment. The authors also cover migration from other servers. Oracle Exadata is fast becoming the standard for large installations such as those running data warehouse, business intelligence, and large-scale OLTP systems. Exadata is like no other platform, and is new ground even for experienced Oracle database administrators. The Oracle Exadata Survival Guide helps you navigate the ins and outs of this new platform, de-mystifying this amazing appliance and its exceptional performance. The book takes a highly practical approach, not diving too deeply into the details, but giving you just the right depth of information to quickly transfer your skills to Oracle's important new platform.* Helps transfer your skills to the platform of the future * Covers the important ground without going too deep * Takes a practical and hands-on approach to everyday tasks What you'll learn * Learn the components and basic architecture of an Exadata machine * Reduce data transfer overhead by processing queries in the storage layer * Examine and take action on Exadata-specific performance metrics * Deploy Hybrid Columnar Compression to reduce storage and I/O needs * Create worry-free migrations from existing databases into Exadata * Understand and address issues specific to ERP migrations Who this book is for Oracle Exadata Survival Guide is for the busy enterprise Oracle DBA who has suddenly been thrust into the Exadata arena. Readers should have a sound grasp of traditional Oracle database administration, and be prepared to learn new aspects that are specific to the Exadata appliance.

Verification of real-time requirements in systems-on-chip becomes more complex as more applications are integrated. Predictable and composable systems can manage the increasing complexity using formal verification and simulation. This book explains the concepts of predictability and composability and shows how to apply them to the design and analysis of a memory controller, which is a key component in any real-time system.

This state-of-the-art survey features topics related to the impact of multicore, manycore, and coprocessor technologies in science and large-scale applications in an interdisciplinary environment. The papers included in this survey cover research in mathematical modeling, design of parallel algorithms, aspects of microprocessor architecture, parallel programming languages, hardware-aware computing, heterogeneous platforms, manycore technologies, performance tuning, and requirements for large-scale applications. The contributions presented in this volume are an outcome of an inspiring conference conceived and organized by the editors at the University of Applied Sciences (HfT) in Stuttgart, Germany, in September 2012. The 10 revised full papers selected from 21 submissions are presented together with the twelve poster abstracts and focus on combination of new aspects of microprocessor technologies, parallel applications, numerical simulation, and software development; thus they clearly show the potential of emerging technologies in the area of multicore and manycore processors that are paving the way towards personal supercomputing and very likely towards exascale computing.