This book concentrates on the topic of physical and chemical equilibrium. Using the simplest mathematics along with numerous numerical examples it accurately and rigorously covers physical and chemical equilibrium in depth and detail. It continues to cover the topics found in the first edition however numerous updates have been made including: Changes in naming and notation (the first edition used the traditional names for the Gibbs Free Energy and for Partial Molal Properties, this edition uses the more popular Gibbs Energy and Partial Molar Properties, ) changes in symbols (the first edition used the Lewis-Randal fugacity rule and the popular symbol for the same quantity, this edition only uses the popular notation, ) and new problems have been added to the text. Finally the second edition includes an appendix about the Bridgman table and its use.

Azide compounds are high energy materials with applications in many chemical reactions and applications. In this compilation, several methods are applied to calculate the thermal decomposition properties of azide compounds comprising of differential scanning calorimetery, differential thermal analysis and thermogravimeteric analysis which demonstrate temperature, energy and weight loss. Following this, the authors assess the catalytic efficacy of nanosized bimetallic transition metal oxides of copper, iron and cobalt, with iron synthesized using the solution combustion method in a laboratory reactor. The prepared catalysts are characterized for their structure and particle size. The authors also discuss thermal runaway in alkaline batteries. It is shown that a lot of experimental data exists that contradicts the generally accepted thermal runaway mechanism. In conclusion, a novel kinetic model for pyrolysis of medium-density fiberboard derived Beech sawdust is proposed. The complete procedure includes a combined four parallel reaction model and three-component Log-Normal distributed reactivity model.

The book covers recent developments in the theory of non-equilibrium thermodynamics and its applications. Four chapters are devoted to the foundations; an overview chapter is followed by recent results addressing the underlying principles of the theory. The applications are concerned with bulk systems, with heterogeneous systems where interfaces are central and with process units in industry where entropy production minimization is useful. There is also a collection of chapters under the heading mesoscopic non-equilibrium thermodynamics, giving in the end an overview of extensions of the theory into the non-linear regime. Bringing the literature up to date and detailing new approaches in this area of research, it is aimed at a predominantly, but not exclusively, academic audience of practitioners of thermodynamics and energy conversion.

Environmental problems are becoming an important aspect of our lives as industries grow apace with populations throughout the world. Thermodynamics, Solubility and Environmental Issues highlights some of the problems and shows how chemistry can help to reduce these them. The unifying theme is Solubility - the most basic and important of thermodynamic properties. This informative book looks at the importance and applications of solubility and thermodynamics, in understanding and in reducing chemical pollution in the environment.
Written by experts in their respective fields and representing the latest findings in this very important and broad area. A collection of twenty-five chapters cover a wide range of topics including; mining, polymer manufacture and applications, radioactive wastes, industries in general, agro-chemicals, soil pollution and biology, together with the basic theory and recent developments in the modelling of environmental pollutants.
* Latest research into solving some of the most important environmental problems
* Covering new technologies, new chemicals and new processes eg, biodegradable polymers, ionic liquids and green chemistry
* Contains the basic theories and underlying importance of solubility

Laser approaches to combustion diagnostics are of considerable interest due to their remote, non-intrusive and in-situ character, unlimited temperature capability, and potential for simultaneous temporal and spatial resolution. This book aims to make these powerful and important new tools in combustion research understandable. Focuses on spectroscopically-based, spatially-precise, laser techniques for temperature and chemical composition measurements in reacting and non-reacting flows. Following introductory chapters on basic spectroscopy, laser physics, experimental methods and practical considerations, treats each of the major techniques in some detail, replete with measurement examples and references. Concludes with a treatment of field methods which employs the various techniques to perform measurements simultaneously over a two-dimensional slice of the medium being probed.

The seventy-five refereed papers in this volume represent the second in a series of biannual benchmarks for technologies that maximize energy conversion while minimizing undesirable emissions. Covering the entire range of industrial and transport combustion as well as strategies for energy R&D, these state-of-the-art contributions will be indispensable to mechanical and chemical engineers in academia and industry, and technical personnel in military, energy, and environmental agencies of government.