This book bridges a crucial gap in the literature on gender and organizational culture by providing an historical account of how discriminatory practices develop, are maintained but also change over time. Drawing on in-depth interviews and extensive archival material, the author presents an historical account of the way specific discriminatory practices developed and changed over the life of three airline companies--British Airways, Air Canada, and Pan American Airways. The book covers the period 1919 to 1991 and is organized around key periods in the hiring and treatment of female employees but the focus is on gender in the broadest sense of the word (looking at the social construction of male and female sexuality; heterosexuality and homosexuality). Gender is explored through analysis of organizational symbolism, workplace practices and organizational structuring. As a history of discriminatory practices the book is unique in the field of business and corporate history.

Urban freight transport has become an important issue in urban planning. There are many challenges and problems relating to increasing levels of traffic congestion, environmental impacts and energy consumption. City logistics schemes are relatively new concepts that are aimed at increasing the efficiency of urban freight transport systems as well as reducing traffic congestion and impacts on the environment. However, new modelling, evaluation and planning techniques are required to conduct in-depth investigations before city logistics measures can be effectively deployed.

This book, Logistics Systems for Sustainable Cities, is an outcome of the Third International Conference on City Logistics (City Logistics III held in Madeira in 2003) organised by the Institute for City Logistics (www.citylogistics.org). It includes recent developments in the modelling, evaluation and planning of city logistics schemes. Since city logistics measures have already been implemented in several cities, a review of the performance of these innovative schemes is presented. As well, an overview of the visions for city logistics and public private partnerships for city logistics is given. A summary of the OECD report, Delivering the Goods ??? 21st Century Challenges for Urban Goods Transport, is included. Recent developments in e-Commerce and e-Logistics are covered.

The cover shows the beautiful Madeira Island, Portugal where the Third International Conference on City Logistics was held.

The Routledge Handbook of Commercial Space Law provides a definitive survey of the transitions and adjustments across the stakeholder community contributing to outer space activities. The interaction between NewSpace, traditional aerospace industrials, and non-traditional space-related technologies is driving market changes which will affect state practice in what has until now been a government dominated market. Greater private commercial participation will lead to new economic approaches to risk-sharing models driven by a space services dominated market. This handbook is a detailed reference source of original articles which analyse and critically evaluate the scope of the current paradigm change, and explain why space contracts and risk apportionment as currently known will change in tune with ongoing market transitions. Reference is made to the scope of best practices across various leading states involved in space activities. With contributions from a selection of highly regarded and leading scholars and practitioners in the Commercial Space Law field, and the inclusion of salient documents, regulatory and contractual documents, the Routledge Handbook of Commercial Space Law is an essential resource for students, scholars, and practitioners who are interested in the field of Commercial Space Law.

Japanese carmaker Honda has pioneered a new breed of multinational enterprise - true manufacturing at the global scale. Honda has been a leader in confounding predictions that Japan's carmakers would and could never transfer their success abroad, and that a wholesale 'Japanization' of the west would be provoked if they did. The book covers manufacture, research and development, sourcing of components, human resources and labour relations, collaboration with western firms, political controversy, and the role of concepts and ideas, in Japan, North America, and Europe.

The technological developments as well as urban future of an information age where the development of ICT sets the pace and options is explored in this book. The text examines the current state of daily travelling, and highlights the achievable impact and acceptability of transport policy measures. Freight transport is discussed from an industry viewpoint. In addition, the text presents various innovative approaches to rearranging current freight transport networks. Methods to evaluate the societal consensus related to the spatial development - linked to transport infrastructures - are also described. Still further, the text discuses methods for assessing spatial planning policies.

This book focuses on different facets of flight data analysis, including the basic goals, methods, and implementation techniques. As mass flight data possesses the typical characteristics of time series, the time series analysis methods and their application for flight data have been illustrated from several aspects, such as data filtering, data extension, feature optimization, similarity search, trend monitoring, fault diagnosis, and parameter prediction, etc. An intelligent information-processing platform for flight data has been established to assist in aircraft condition monitoring, training evaluation and scientific maintenance. The book will serve as a reference resource for people working in aviation management and maintenance, as well as researchers and engineers in the fields of data analysis and data mining.

Imperial Steam explores the early history of steamship travel to Britain's imperial East. Drawing upon the wealth of voyage narratives which were produced in the first decades of the new route to India, the book examines the thoughts, emotions and experiences of those whose lives were caught up with the imperial project. The potent symbolism of the steamship, which exceeded the often harsh realities of travel, provided a convincing narrative for coming to terms with Britain's global empire - not just for passengers, but for those at home who consumed the ubiquitous accounts of steamship travel. Imperial Steam thus contributes to our understanding of the role of imperial networks in the production of the British imperial world view. -- .

Motor vehicles are prominent among the flows of exports and/or imports for Canada, Germany, Japan, and the United States, and these trade flows are heavily influenced by the basic relative competitiveness of the production processes for automotive manufacturing. In this book the authors analyze the factors that contributed to the comparative cost competitiviness of the four countries' automotive industries over the period 1961-1984 and disentangle the factors contributing to the Japanese cost and efficiency advantages. The authors provide estimates of comparative costs of automobile production (both short-run and long-run) and the sources of these cost differences, based on the econometric cost function methodology. An innovation is the careful treatment of capacity utilization, one of the most important sources of short-run cost and efficiency differences. This methodology is also used effectively in an analysis of the Canada-U.S. Auto Pact, a unique experiment in trade liberalization. Previous estimates of cost and efficiency differences using the plant inspection and comparison of company financial reports methodologies are also evaluated.

Contrary to popular belief, the automobile is not a twentieth-century invention. A steam-powered version of this vehicle was in use in Great Britain as early as the 1830s, and both steam- and petroleum-powered automobiles were operating in France and Germany by 1880. This volume traces the world political and economic forces that brought about the suppression of the first steam-powered carriage and the ultimate triumph of the gas-fueled automobile, which has played a crucial role in shaping the modern capitalist economy.

This book aims at stimulating discussion between researchers working on state of the art approaches for operational control and design of transport of water on the one hand and researchers working on state of the art approaches for transport over water on the other hand. The main contribution of the book as a whole is to present novel perspectives ultimately leading to the management of an envisioned unified management framework taking the recent advances from both worlds as a baseline. The book is intended to be a reference for control-oriented engineers who manage water systems with either or both purposes in mind (transport of water, transport of goods over water). It highlights the possible twofold nature of water projects, where water either acts as primary object of study or as a means. The book is dedicated to comparing and relating to one another different strategies for (operational) management and control of different but strongly related systems in the framework of the water. In that sense, the book presents different approaches treating both the transport of water and transport over water. It compares the different approaches within the same field, highlighting their distinguishing features and advantages according to selected qualitative indices, and demonstrates the interaction and cross-relations between both fields. It will also help to determine the gaps and common points for both fields towards the design of such a unifying framework, which is lacking in the literature. Additionally, the book looks at case studies where the design of modeling/control strategies of either transport of water or transport over water have been proposed, discussed or simulated.

- Authoritative but highly accessible introduction to the underlying economics of airports, their role, regulation and implications. - Written for all aviation managers, relevant local authorities and regulators, as well as serving as teaching material for air transport Masters programmes. - The book uniquely offers economic analysis and presents facts in the context of economic reasoning with clear policy recommendations.

In 1938 the U.S. Government took under its wing an infant airline industry. Government agencies assumed responsibility not only for airline safety but for setting fares and determining how individual markets would be served. Forty years later, the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 set in motion the economic deregulation of the industry and opened it to market competition. This study by Steven Morrison and Clifford Winston analyzes the effects of deregulation on both travelers and the airline industry. The authors find that lower fares and better service have netted travelers some $6 billion in annual benefits, while airline earnings have increased by $2.5 billion a year. Morrison and Winston expect still greater benefits once the industry has had time to adjust its capital structure to the unregulated marketplace, and they recommend specific public polices to ensure healthy competition.

This book presents an original empirical investigation of the market structure of airline city pair markets, shedding new light on the workings of competitive processes between firms. Examining a cross-section of US airline city pairs, Tabacco proposes for the first time that the industry can be understood as a natural oligopoly, each airline market being dominated by one to three airline carriers regardless of market size. The author questions the extent to which airlines deliberately prevent head-to-head competition within city pair markets, and draws intriguing conclusions about competitive forces from the observed market structure. Uncovering some of the main corporate strategies of the airline industry, the book is of immediate relevance to industry managers and practitioners, as well as academic economists.

Our transportation networks are the basic infrastructure supporting our daily life and economic activities and are in constant need of improvement and maintenance - but who should pay for their improvement? The state through direct and indirect taxes? The user through tolls and fares? The transport operator? And who should pay for the environmental impact?

This book discusses the basic concept and practical conditions of financial resources for transportation systems. After describing the theoretical basis of burden, the book introduces the policies and financial systems established for transportation in some developed countries (Germany, France, UK, USA, Japan) and compares them from an analysis viewpoint. The book then offers a methodology for comparing the structure of financial resources and presents calculations based on the investment amounts the different groups (eg. transport operators, the state) must contribute to sustain and improve the transport system.

In the first half of the book, the focus is on what positions each country takes in regard to:
1) The responsibility of the public sector and the range of participation by the private sector
2) The balance of burden covered by general funds and that covered by users
3) The balance of burden covered by present financial resources and that as set aside for the future as debt.

The second half clarifies how such national policies are reflected in the actual financial resources. Here, after a detailed review of the financial systems related to transportation in various countries, a methodology for an international comparison of financial resources for the improvements of transportation systems is shown.

From their origins, railways produced an intense competition between the two major continental systems in France and Germany. Fitting a new technology into existing political institutions and social habits, these two nations became inexorably involved in an industrial and commercial rivalry that eventually escalated into the armed conflict of 1914. Based on many years of research in French and German archives, this study examines the adaptation of railroads and steam engines from Britain to the Continent of Europe after the Napoleonic age. A fascinating example of how the same technology, borrowed at the same time from the same source, was assimilated differently by these two continental powers, this book offers a groundbreaking analysis of the crossroads of technology and politics during the First Industrial Revolution.

Transport policy has dramatically changed over the last ten years with major regulatory reforms and privatisation of transport enterprises. Part 1 presents an authoritative statement of the theoretical arguments for and against regulatory reform, the changing political scene in North America and the different mechanisms that can be used to return state-owned monopolies to the private sector. Part 2 presents the empirical evidence on ten years of airline deregulation in the United States and this review is matched by an assessment of the different situation in Europe where national governments are under pressure to follow the same path.

For more than a century Blue Funnel ships, managed from Liverpool by Alfred Holt and Company, held a unique place in Britain's shipping industry. Starting as pioneers of cargo liners between Liverpool and the Far East in 1866, the Company maintained a fine reputation built on its vessels, crews, shore staff, and management. This book traces the origins and evolution of the Line, charting its history through both world wars, its experiences in the great depression of the 1930s, and its vigorous response to the challenge of containerisation in the 1960s. Integrated into the text are discussions of the current roles of agencies and conferences, the singular management structure, and assessments of the parts played by key individuals.

Microsystems are an important success factor in the automobile industry. In order to fulfil the customers requests for safety convenience and vehicle economy, and to satisfy environmental requirements, microsystems are becoming indispensable. Thus a large number of microsystem applications came into the discussion. With the international conference AMAA 2002, VDI/VDE-IT provides a platform for the discussion of all MST relevant components for automotive applications. The conference proceedings gather the papers by authors from automobile suppliers and manufacturers.

An essential reference for merchant seamen around the world, Cargo Work provides a guide to the key characteristics of a wide range of cargoes. Fully revised and expanded to comprehensively reflect the unit load containerised systems that are now employed in all aspects of cargo handling and international shipping, while retaining the necessary detail on transporting key classes of cargoes safely, efficiently and profitably. This book covers general principles and the latest international regulations that affect all cargo work, including cargo types, coverage of roll-on/roll-off cargo handling, containerisation, equipment and offshore supply. A crucial reference for both students and serving crew Covers the latest International Maritime Organisation (IMO) codes, plus key elements of the International Port and Ship Security Code (ISPS) Includes two new chapters on Passenger Vessels and Offshore Trades

Panels for Transportation Planning argues that panels - repeated measurements on the same sets of households or individuals over time - can more effectively capture dynamic changes in travel behavior, and the factors which underlie these changes, than can conventional cross-sectional surveys. Because panels can collect information on household attributes, attitudes and perceptions, residential and employment choices, travel behavior and other variables - and then can collect information on changes in these variables over time - they help us to understand how and why people choose to travel as they do, and how and why these choices are likely to evolve in the future. This book is designed for a wide audience: survey researchers who seek information on methodological advancements and applications; transportation planners who want an improved understanding of dynamic changes in travel behavior; and instructors of graduate courses in urban and transportation planning, research methods, economics, sociology, and public policy. Each chapter has been prepared to stand alone to illustrate a particular theme or application. The book is divided into topical parts which address the most salient issues in the use of panels for transportation planning: panels as evaluation tools, regional planning applications, accounting for response bias, and modeling and forecasting issues. These parts describe panel applications in the US, Australia, Great Britain, Japan, and the Netherlands. Each chapter is supplemented by extensive references; more than 400 studies, reflecting the work of more than 700 authors, are cited in the text.

Airline Operations and Management: A Management Textbook presents a survey of the airline industry, with a strong managerial perspective. It integrates and applies the fundamentals of several management disciplines, particularly operations, marketing, economics and finance, to develop a comprehensive overview. It also provides readers with a solid historical background, and offers a global perspective of the industry, with examples drawn from airlines around the world. Updates for the second edition include: Fresh data and examples A range of international case studies exploring real-life applications New or increased coverage of key topics such as the COVID-19 pandemic, state aid, and new business models New chapters on fleet management and labor relations and HRM Lecture slides for instructors This textbook is for advanced undergraduate and graduate students of airline management, but it should also be useful to entry and junior-level airline managers and professionals seeking to expand their knowledge of the industry beyond their functional area.

- Offers a factual in-depth analysis of the VFH market, without bias, to inform the practitioner and seeks to provoke further discussion amongst the academic community. - Illuminates the current situation surrounding the for-hire industry, and its dominance by a few large players such as Uber, Lyft and Didi Chuxing, and offers insights into the future of this fast-moving sector. - A unique examination conducted by renowned experts, relevant to all global markets.