Snow in the Tropics by Thomas Taro Lennerfors and Peter Birch offers the first comprehensive history of the independent reefer operators. These shipping companies, such as Lauritzen, Salen, Seatrade, Star Reefers, and NYK Reefer, developed the dedicated transport of refrigerated products like meat, fish, and fruit by ship, from the early 20th century to the present. Snow in the Tropics describes how the history of the reefer operators has been formed in relation to shippers, such as Dole and Chiquita, in a constant struggle with the liner companies, such as Maersk, and in relation to global economic and political trends. It also covers how the industry is discursively constructed and the psychological drivers of the business decisions in it.

On-Road Intelligent Vehicles: Motion Planning for Intelligent Transportation Systems deals with the technology of autonomous vehicles, with a special focus on the navigation and planning aspects, presenting the information in three parts. Part One deals with the use of different sensors to perceive the environment, thereafter mapping the multi-domain senses to make a map of the operational scenario, including topics such as proximity sensors which give distances to obstacles, vision cameras, and computer vision techniques that may be used to pre-process the image, extract relevant features, and use classification techniques like neural networks and support vector machines for the identification of roads, lanes, vehicles, obstacles, traffic lights, signs, and pedestrians. With a detailed insight into the technology behind the vehicle, Part Two of the book focuses on the problem of motion planning. Numerous planning techniques are discussed and adapted to work for multi-vehicle traffic scenarios, including the use of sampling based approaches comprised of Genetic Algorithm and Rapidly-exploring Random Trees and Graph search based approaches, including a hierarchical decomposition of the algorithm and heuristic selection of nodes for limited exploration, Reactive Planning based approaches, including Fuzzy based planning, Potential Field based planning, and Elastic Strip and logic based planning. Part Three of the book covers the macroscopic concepts related to Intelligent Transportation Systems with a discussion of various topics and concepts related to transportation systems, including a description of traffic flow, the basic theory behind transportation systems, and generation of shock waves.

Liquid Acquisition Devices for Advanced In-Space Cryogenic Propulsion Systems discusses the importance of reliable cryogenic systems, a pivotal part of everything from engine propulsion to fuel deposits. As some of the most efficient systems involve advanced cryogenic fluid management systems that present challenging issues, the book tackles issues such as the difficulty in obtaining data, the lack of quality data and models, and the complexity in trying to model these systems. The book presents models and experimental data based on rare and hard-to-obtain cryogenic data. Through clear descriptions of practical data and models, readers will explore the development of robust and flexible liquid acquisition devices (LAD) through component-level and full-scale ground experiments, as well as analytical tools. This book presents new and rare experimental data, as well as analytical models, in a fundamental area to the aerospace and space-flight communities. With this data, the reader can consider new and improved ways to design, analyze, and build expensive flight systems.

Lightweight Composite Structures in Transport: Design, Manufacturing, Analysis and Performance provides a detailed review of lightweight composite materials and structures and discusses their use in the transport industry, specifically surface and air transport. The book covers materials selection, the properties and performance of materials, and structures, design solutions, and manufacturing techniques. A broad range of different material classes is reviewed with emphasis on advanced materials. Chapters in the first two parts of the book consider the lightweight philosophy and current developments in manufacturing techniques for lightweight composite structures in the transport industry, with subsequent chapters in parts three to five discussing structural optimization and analysis, properties, and performance of lightweight composite structures, durability, damage tolerance and structural integrity. Final chapters present case studies on lightweight composite design for transport structures.

Commercial Aircraft Hydraulic Systems: Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press Aerospace Series focuses on the operational principles and design technology of aircraft hydraulic systems, including the hydraulic power supply and actuation system and describing new types of structures and components such as the 2H/2E structure design method and the use of electro hydrostatic actuators (EHAs). Based on the commercial aircraft hydraulic system, this is the first textbook that describes the whole lifecycle of integrated design, analysis, and assessment methods and technologies, enabling readers to tackle challenging high-pressure and high-power hydraulic system problems in university research and industrial contexts. Commercial Aircraft Hydraulic Systems is the latest in a series published by the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press Aerospace Series that covers the latest advances in research and development in aerospace. Its scope includes theoretical studies, design methods, and real-world implementations and applications. The readership for the series is broad, reflecting the wide range of aerospace interest and application. Titles within the series include Reliability Analysis of Dynamic Systems, Wake Vortex Control, Aeroacoustics: Fundamentals and Applications in Aeropropulsion Systems, Computational Intelligence in Aerospace Engineering, and Unsteady Flow and Aeroelasticity in Turbomachinery.

Cycling is an important part of the urban transport system and short-distance travel in many modern cities around the world. With no emissions and occupying much less road space than cars, bikes are clean and sustainable. Bicycle traffic needs to be tracked and analysed in order to generate reliable predictions and make correct decisions when adapting and building traffic infrastructure, to account for bikes in road traffic systems, and to model and plan interactions between bikes and autonomous vehicles. Offering a systematic analysis of the movements and behaviours of bicycles and their riders, this book discusses data collection and evaluation approaches, and the development of a framework for the theory and modelling of bike traffic followed by model verification techniques and riding characteristics for context. This book contains valuable information for researchers involved with intelligent transportation systems, traffic modelling and simulation, and particularly those with an especial interest in bicycle traffic. The book will also be of interest to advanced students in these and related fields, and transportation policymakers.

Rare event probability (10-4 and less) estimation has become a large area of research in the reliability engineering and system safety domains. A significant number of methods have been proposed to reduce the computation burden for the estimation of rare events from advanced sampling approaches to extreme value theory. However, it is often difficult in practice to determine which algorithm is the most adapted to a given problem. Estimation of Rare Event Probabilities in Complex Aerospace and Other Systems: A Practical Approach provides a broad up-to-date view of the current available techniques to estimate rare event probabilities described with a unified notation, a mathematical pseudocode to ease their potential implementation and finally a large spectrum of simulation results on academic and realistic use cases.

Structural Health Monitoring of Aerospace Composite Structures offers a comprehensive review of established and promising technologies under development in the emerging area of structural health monitoring (SHM) of aircraft composite structures.

Beginning with a description of the different types of composite damage, which differ fundamentally from the damage states encountered in metallic airframe materials, the book moves on to describe the SHM methods and sensors currently under consideration before considering application examples related to specific composites, SHM sensors and detection methods. Expert author Victor Giurgiutiu closes with a valuable discussion of the advantages and limitations of various sensors and methods, helping you to make informed choices in your structure research and development.

With nondestructive continual and on-demand damage detection high on the agenda in aerospace to manage the structural unknowns associated with new composite dominated models making their way into commercial use, Structural Health Monitoring of Aerospace Composite Structures is an authoritative reference on a critical topic.
The first comprehensive review of one of the hottest areas in aerospace structures, providing breadth and detail to bring engineers and researchers up to speed on this rapidly developing field

Covers the main classes of SHM sensors, including fiber optic sensors, piezoelectric wafer active sensors, electrical properties sensors and conventional resistance strain gauges, and considers their applications and limitation

Includes details of active approaches, including acousto-ultrasonics, vibration, frequency transfer function, guided-wave tomography and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (ECIS), among other emerging methods

Handbook of Materials Failure Analysis: With Case Studies from the Aerospace and Automotive Industries provides a thorough understanding of the reasons materials fail in certain situations, covering important scenarios, including material defects, mechanical failure as a result of improper design, corrosion, surface fracture, and other environmental causes. The book begins with a general overview of materials failure analysis and its importance, and then logically proceeds from a discussion of the failure analysis process, types of failure analysis, and specific tools and techniques, to chapters on analysis of materials failure from various causes. Later chapters feature a selection of newer examples of failure analysis cases in such strategic industrial sectors as aerospace, oil & gas, and chemicals.

This book provides an overview of current topics in intelligent and green transportation on land, sea and in flight, with contributions from an international team of leading experts. A wide range of chapters discuss: the importance of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); ICT for intelligent public transport systems; ITS and freight transport; energy-efficient and real-time database management techniques for wireless sensor networks; proactive safety - cooperative collision warning for vehicles; electronic toll collection systems; business models and solutions for user-centered intelligent transport systems; digital infrastructures for increased safety, efficiency and environmental sustainability in shipping logistics; integrated visual information for maritime surveillance; automatic identification system (AIS) AIS signal radiolocation, tracking and verification; the impact of satellite AIS to the environmental challenges of modern shipping; how green is e-Navigation?; optimal ship operation: monitoring technology of ship overall heat balance; regulation of ship-source pollution through international convention regimes; foresight application for the transport sector; and trends in aeronautical air ground communications. This book is essential reading for researchers, developers and students of ITS and clean and smart mobility.

High-speed turnouts, a key technology for high-speed railways, have a great influence on the safe and stable running of high-speed trains. Design of High-Speed Railway Turnouts: Theory and Applications, comprehensively introduces the technical characteristics and requirements of high-speed turnouts, including design theories and methods of turnout layout geometry, wheel and rail relations, track stiffness, welded turnout, turnout conversion, turnout components, and manufacture and laying technologies of turnouts. Analyzing the operational problems of China's high-speed turnout in particular, this book discusses the control of structure irregularity, state irregularity, geometrical irregularity and dynamic irregularity during the design, manufacture, laying, and maintenance of turnouts. At the end of this reference book, the author provides high-speed turnouts management methods, maintenance standards, testing and monitoring technology, and maintenance technology. Design of High-Speed Railway Turnouts: Theory and Applications will enable railway technicians all over the world to develop an in-depth knowledge of the design, manufacture, laying, and maintenance technology of high-speed turnouts.

The aviation industry has undergone a significant change since the 21st century as technological developments accelerated its development. Due to this, there is a need for modern research on the current situation, future expectations, and possible change scenarios in the aviation industry. Challenges and Opportunities for Aviation Stakeholders in a Post-Pandemic World focuses on contemporary studies addressing the effects of economic crises, pandemics, digitalization, and war environments on the aviation industry and draws attention to the aviation industry's current situation and future expectations, focusing on its stakeholders and various industry trends. Covering key topics such as technology, sustainability, digitalization, and aviation management, this reference work is ideal for industry professionals, policymakers, researchers, scholars, academicians, practitioners, instructors, and students.

Considering the ever-rising costs of traditional fuel paired and the increasing scarcity of its resources, it s easy to see why exploring renewable fuels has become an increasingly critical goal for engineers, researchers, and end-users alike. However, due to the great diversity of technologies, policies, and attitudes, it can be difficult to gain a good well-rounded understanding of these types of fuels. "Renewable Motor Fuels: The Past, the Present and the Uncertain Future" presents an opportunity to gain an insightful understanding of all the key aspects of alternative automotive fuels in one book. Author Arthur Brownstein describes various sources of renewable motor fuels (including ethanol, algae, isobutanol, natural gas, and battery power) and their production processes, specific properties, and economic advantages/disadvantages. This comprehensive coverage of such an important topic is crucial for anyone with an interest in renewable fuels, from researchers to engineers to end-users.
Presents a clear overview on a variety renewable motor fuel technologies, balancing history, technology, and policyProvides the status of current and developing renewable motor fuel technologies and their uses worldwideDiscusses the competitive economics of renewable fuel processes and their respective market interactions"

Vehicular Communications and Networks: Architectures, Protocols, Operation and Deployment discusses VANETs (Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks) or VCS (Vehicular Communication Systems), which can improve safety, decrease fuel consumption, and increase the capacity of existing roadways and which is critical for the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) industry. Part one covers architectures for VCS, part two describes the physical layer, antenna technologies and propagation models, part three explores protocols, algorithms, routing and information dissemination, and part four looks at the operation and deployment of vehicular communications and networks.

Welding and Joining of Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS): The Automotive Industry discusses the ways advanced high strength steels (AHSS) are key to weight reduction in sectors such as automotive engineering. It includes a discussion on how welding can alter the microstructure in the heat affected zone, producing either excessive hardening or softening, and how these local changes create potential weaknesses that can lead to failure. This text reviews the range of welding and other joining technologies for AHSS and how they can be best used to maximize the potential of AHSS.