Recent advances in imaging have renewed interest in uterine adenomyosis. The disease can now be diagnosed before hysterectomy which has advanced our understanding of its clinical impact, such as its effect on fertility. This book will provide an in-depth reference to recent scientific advances in the pathophysiology of uterine adenomyosis. It will represent some of the most up-to date and authoritative work in the field. This book is aimed at specialist clinicians and postgraduates wishing to acquire in-depth understanding of adenomyosis, and will be an essential reading for research scientists who will find a distillation of an up-to-date critical reading of literature.

Preoperative and intraoperative echocardiography has become an indispensable tool for guiding mitral valve surgery and has fostered the development of many innovative surgical techniques. Mitral valvuloplasty is now an established surgical method for the treatment of mitral insufficiency but the success is largely dependent on the extent of the underlying disease of the mitral valve. The book by Dr. Ng and coauthors is an extraordinary presentation of the relation between echocardiographic display of mitral valve pathology and reconstructive mitral valve surgery. The atlas provides an excellent illustrative guide to teach echocardiographic-anatomic correlations and educates the reader on the techniques of mitral valve repair. The quality of the illustrations, particularly the surgical photographs is exquisite. The book will be helpful for cardiologists and cardiac surgeons.

Compact, hand-carried ultrasound devices are revolutionizing how healthcare providers practice medicine in nearly every specialty. The 2nd Edition of this award-winning text features all-new chapters, a greatly expanded video library, and new review questions to keep you fully up to date with the latest technology and its applications. Access to this product, which may be at the discretion of your institution, is up to 3 years of online and perpetual offline access. Elsevier reserves the right to restrict or remove access due to changes in product portfolio or other market conditions. Provides comprehensive guidance for any specialty on the latest point-of-care ultrasound applications for physicians and other health care providers. Helps you interpret findings with a peer-reviewed, online video library with more than 1,000 ultrasound videos of normal and pathologic findings. These videos are complemented by anatomical illustrations and text descriptions to maximize learning. Offers new online resources, including over 120 clinical cases and 350 review questions in every chapter. Features fully updated content throughout, plus all-new chapters on hemodynamics, transesophageal echocardiography, transcranial Doppler ultrasound, pediatrics, neonatology, and 2nd/3rd trimester pregnancy. Shares the knowledge and expertise of expert contributors who are internationally recognized faculty from more than 60 institutions. Recipient of British Medical Association's President's Choice Award and Highly Commended in Internal Medicine at the BMA Medical Book Awards 2015 (first edition). Enhanced eBook version included with purchase gives you access to all the text, figures, videos, cases, review questions, and references while on the go.

The definitive guide to sonography in obstetrics and gynecology-thoroughly updated and enhanced by the addition of teaching cases This acclaimed guide is a clinically relevant reference text, an atlas, and a teaching/learning resource. Presented in full color and enriched by more than 2,000 illustrations, it expertly examines the full spectrum of disorders and conditions likely to be encountered in gynecologic and maternal-fetal care. You will find expert, all-inclusive coverage of everything from sonographic operating instruments and screening the fetal patient for syndromes and anomalies, to diagnosing the female patient for cysts, infertility, and incontinence. This edition has been updated to include coverage of the latest procedures and diagnostic guidelines for the use of sonography in ob/gyn, including 3D and 4D US and enhanced image processing, contrast enhanced sonography, ultrasound guided fetal therapy, sonographic evaluation of pelvic pain, and much more. The Eighth Edition also features an extensive series of teaching cases. Each case consists of the patient's medical history, representative US images, cineloop videos, Q&A, and teaching points with references. Fleischer's Sonography in Obstetrics & Gynecology, Eighth Edition opens with general obstetric sonography, covering such pivotal topics as normal pelvic anatomy and fetal echocardiography, before moving into fetal anomalies and disorders. Risk assessment and therapy, including first trimester screening and amniocentesis, are explored in the next section, while the remaining parts of the book focus on maternal disorders, gynecologic sonography, and the newest complementary imaging modalities.

Contents Contributors xiii 1. Basic Principles of Diagnostic Ultrasound 3 Sound Wave Characteristics 3 Generation of Sound Waves 5 The Interaction of Sound with Tissue 7 Instrumentation 10 Practical Considerations 17 References 20 Cases 22 2. Hepatic Ultrasonography 62 Hepatic Ultrasound Technique 62 Normal Ultrasonographic Anatomy of the Liver 63 Hepatic Pathology 64 References 67 Cases 68 3. Ultrasonography of the Gallbladder and Biliary System 116 Ultrasound Technique 116 Normal Anatomy 117 Pathological States 119 References 121 Cases 124 4. Ultrasonography of the Pancreas 168 Introduction 168 Normal Anatomy 169 Ultrasound Technique for Pancreatic Examination 170 Examination of the Normal Pancreas 172 Pathology of the Pancreas 172 Pitfalls in Pancreatic Examination 175 References 176 Cases 178 5. Ultrasonography of the Abdominal Aorta 226 Ultrasound Technique 226 Anatomy of the Abdominal Aorta 226 Pathology of the Abdominal Aorta 227 A Comparison of Ultrasound with Other Methods of Examination 228 References 229 Cases 230 6. Ultrasonography of the Spleen 244 9. Ultrasonography of Thyroid and Examination Technique 244 Neck Masses 452 Examination of the Normal Spleen 245 Introduction 452 Pathological Conditions 245 Anatomy fo the Thyroid Gland 453 References 247 Examination Technique 453 Cases 248 Pathology of the Thyroid Gland and Neck 454 References 457 7. Renal, Adrenal, Retroperitoneal, and Cases 458 Scrotal Ultrasonography 268 Renal Anatomy 268 10.

Intravascular ultrasound imaging (IVUS) plays very important roles in clinical cardiology. This book describes the newest advances in vascular ultrasound imaging and the surrounding technologies for high frequency vascular ultrasound imaging. Most important topics of the book are technical applications of IVUS (elasticity imaging, chromaflow...) and the basic data (vibration, acoustic microscopy) that should provide very important information to understand clinical IVUS imaging.

Methods
- Thorough description of the current imaging and functional investigation techniques in nuclear medicine and radiology
- Detailed portrayal of indications and differential diagnoses
Clinical Applications
- Exhaustive description of the features of paediatric urological diseases relevant for diagnostic imaging
- Embryologic and pathophysiologic background
- Clear recommendations on application of diagnostic imaging techniques based on the latest findings and consensus guidelines
Case Studies
- Large number of case reports illustrating standard procedures in diagnostic imaging
- Case descriptions highlighting common diagnostic problems
- Presentation of unusual and rare cases

Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has evolved from an obscure method of investigation in the 1980s to a distinct endoscopy subspecialty with interventional and therapeutic capabilities. The art of interpreting EUS images is a skill every endoscopist needs to master. This book helps to meet that need as it is concise, simple to read, and amply illustrated, and describes the technique in a step-by-step manner. Many high-resolution EUS images of diseases are included, and literature reviews are kept short and concise while separate discussions and illustrations are devoted to radial and linear techniques. The book can be used as a reference handbook in the endoscopy room, yet contains all of the relevant information required to perform EUS, interpret images, and reach a diagnosis. Important pathological conditions are thoroughly discussed using representative EUS images, pointing out salient differentiating features, and relevant literature reviews are included. The section on interventional EUS deals with advanced interventional or therapeutic procedures, and potential complications and methods to avoid them are discussed. For the novice, the book is designed to teach EUS using a step-by-step approach, and for the seasoned endosonographer it is a practical reference tool for use while performing EUS and may also serve in the differentiation of various pathologies.

It has often surprised me that in order to study the subject of obstructive uropathy, it is necessary to search through various sections of several urological, surgical and radiological textbooks rather than turn to one work on the subject. It is also true that, even now, many descriptions tend to concentrate on the causative conditions rather than their relationship to the proximal outflow tract, in a way which is predominantly structural and anatomical rather than functional and urodynamic. The subject of obstructive uropathy has changed radically in recent years. Inspired research from several centres has given us great insight into the mechanisms of obstruction and its effects on the outflow tract and nephron. It has been accompanied by the development of new methods of investigation in both the experimental and the clinical field. This book is an attempt to update and distill the subject of obstructive uropathy in one volume. For the purpose of the work, obstructive uropathy is taken to include any condition involving the outflow tract of the kidney, from minor calyces to urethra, which results in obstruction to the flow of urine. Emphasis is on physiology and pathophysiol ogy, function and urodynamics. These considerations should not be thought of as purely theoretical. Far from it. They hold the key to subsequent decisions on diagnosis and management and form the basis for a practical approach to the patient with obstruction. The only details the reader will not find here are descriptions of surgical technique."

As it is quick, inexpensive, and non-invasive, ultrasound is the modality of choice for guidance of interventional procedures in the soft tissues. Furthermore, the rising mean age of the general population is being accompanied by increasing demand among patients for minimally invasive procedures to treat painful chronic and degenerative syndromes of the musculoskeletal system. This handbook is a clear, practical guide to ultrasound-guided minimally invasive treatments of musculoskeletal pain in the upper limb. Each chapter is clearly structured, with brief but comprehensive descriptions of the disease to be treated and of the materials and drugs needed. High-quality images and easy-to-follow schemes explain the best approach in each situation, and practical tips and tricks of value in daily clinical routine are provided.

The book provides a comprehensive description of the ultrasound anatomy of the musculoskeletal system and clear guidance on the technique. Ultrasound images are coupled with anatomic pictures explaining probe positioning and scanning technique for the various joints of the musculoskeletal system: shoulder, elbow, hand and wrist, hip, knee, foot, and ankle. For each joint there is also a brief explanation of normal anatomy as well as a list of tricks and tips and advice on how to perform the ultrasound scan in clinical practice. This book will be an excellent practical teaching guide for beginners and a useful reference for more experienced sonographers.

Physical Ultrasonics of Composites is a rigorous introduction to the characterization of composite materials by means of ultrasonic waves. Composites are treated here not simply as uniform media, but as inhomogeneous layered anisotropic media with internal structure characteristic of composite laminates. The objective here is to concentrate on exposing the singular behavior of ultrasonic waves as they interact with layered, anisotropic materials, materials which incorporate those structural elements typical of composite laminates.
This book provides a synergistic description of both modeling and experimental methods in addressing wave propagation phenomena and composite property measurements. After a brief review of basic composite mechanics, a thorough treatment of ultrasonics in anisotropic media is presented, along with composite characterization methods. The interaction of ultrasonic waves at interfaces of anisotropic materials is discussed, as are guided waves in composite plates and rods. Waves in layered media are developed from the standpoint of the "Stiffness Matrix," a major advance over the conventional, potentially unstable Transfer Matrix approach. Laminated plates are treated both with the stiffness matrix and using Floquet analysis. The important influence on the received electronic signals in ultrasonic materials characterization from transducer geometry and placement are carefully exposed in a dedicated chapter. Ultrasonic wave interactions are especially susceptible to such influences because ultrasonic transducers are seldom more than a dozen or so wavelengths in diameter. The book ends with a chapter devoted to the emerging field of air-coupled ultrasonics. This new technology has come of age with the development of purpose-built transducers and electronics and is finding ever wider applications, particularly in the characterization of composite laminates.

Written by a pioneer in critical care ultrasound, this book discusses the basic technique and "signatures" of lung ultrasound and explains its main clinical applications. The tools and clinical uses of the BLUE protocol, which allows diagnosis of most cases of acute respiratory failure, are first described in detail. Careful attention is then devoted to protocols derived from the BLUE protocol - the FALLS protocol for diagnosis and management of acute circulatory failure, the Pink protocol for use in ARDS, and the SESAME protocol for use in cardiac arrest - and to the LUCI-FLR program, a means of answering clinical questions while reducing radiation exposure. Finally, the book discusses all the possible settings in which lung ultrasound can be used, discipline by discipline and condition by condition. Lung Ultrasound in the Critically Ill comprehensively explains how ultrasound can become the stethoscope of modern medicine. It is a superb complement to the author's previous book, Whole Body Ultrasonography in the Critically Ill.

The value of ultrasound contrast agents (USCA) in clinical practice depends on the pharmacokinetics, the signal processing, and the contrast-specific imaging modalities. USCA are exogenous non-toxic substances smaller than red blood cells, which after intravenous administration must be stable enough to pass through the pulmonary capillary bed and enter the blood pool producing the necessary contrast enhancement for the duration of the examination. Recently, second-generation agents, such as SonoVue (Bracco Imaging SpA, Milan, Italy), have been introduced into the market. These agents, taking advantage of the stability of their microbubbles, withstand the acoustic pressure of insonation much better than previous USCA, resulting in an increased half-life of the agent and thus in a prolonged diagnostic window. These agents are blood pool agents that remain in the intravascular compartment and do not leak into the organ tissue. Therefore, they are used to - crease the Doppler signal amplitude during their dynamic vascular phase. Concomitant with the improvement of contrast agents, d- ferent contrast-specific imaging modalities have been developed which, used in combination with USCA and a low mechanical - dex (MI), allow continuous real-time grey-scale imaging. These - cent technical improvements have opened new possibilities in the use of USCA in a variety of indications, as shown in the contributions contained in this book. In the following chapters, some of the most distinguished users of second-generation USCA will share their knowledge and experience. The first contributor is Dr. Thomas Albrecht, Department of - diology, University Hospital of Be

Acoustical imaging has become an indispensable tool in a variety of fields. Since its introduction, the applications have grown and cover a variety of techniques, producing significant results in fields as disparate as medicine and seismology. Cutting-edge trends continue to be discussed worldwide.

This book contains the proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Acoustical Imaging (AI27), which took place in Saarbrucken, Germany, from March 24th to March 27th 2003. The Symposium belongs to a conference series in existence since 1968. AI27 comprised sessions on: Medical Imaging, Non-Destructive Testing, Seismic Imaging, Physics and Mathematics of Acoustical Imaging, Acoustic Microscopy.

During two well-attended workshops the applications of quantitative acoustical imaging in biology and medical applications, and in near-field imaging of materials, were discussed. Based on its cross-disciplinary aspects, the authors of the papers of AI27 present experiments, theory and construction of new instruments. "

Concise, fact-based and packed with images and illustrations The EACVI Echo Handbook is the perfect companion for making both every day and complex clinical decisions. Designed and written by leading experts in the field of echocardiography for use in the clinical arena, this practical handbook provides the necessary information for reviewing, or consulting while performing or reporting on an echo or making clinical decisions based on echo findings. Disease-focussed and succinct, it covers the information needed to accurately perform and interpret echocardiograms, including how to set up the echo-machine to optimize an examination and how to perform echocardiographic disease assessment; the clinical indicators, procedures and contraindications. Linked to EACVI recommendations and the EACVI Core Curriculum The EACVI Echo Handbook is an essential and easily accessible manual on using echocardiography for sonographers and trainee cardiologists that should never be left behind when performing an echocardiogram.

General ultrasound in the critically ill describes a new clinical tool: ultrasound for the intensive care and emergency physician. Written by an intensivist familiar with ultrasound, it specifically details findings of immediate clinical relevance throughout its approx. 220 pages. Through a whole-body approach, this book considers new emergency applications regarding the abdomen, venous system, head, heart, and the most original topic, the lung. Flow charts are proposed to resolve daily intensive care and emergency occurrences: acute dyspnea, shock, unexplained fever, etc. The strong points and pitfalls of ultrasound are reviewed in detail. This book shows just how critical ultrasound has proven to be in satisfying a major concern in the intensive care and emergency medicine fields: speed and accuracy. With this ever-present requirement for rapid diagnosis in mind, General ultrasound in the critically ill provides a key to practicing a visual medicine, a great benefit to the critically ill patient, especially since ultrasound is noninvasive and can be done at the bedside. This volume is not only an exhaustive atlas dealing with the most variable aspects of the critically ill patient, but it is above all a guide, a permanent aid in the therapeutic decision.

For those of us who have been associated with the field of ultrasound imaging of the arterial system since its infancy, this contribution by Friihwald and Blackwell provides the source where the results of over 30 years of hard-won advances can be found. The editors and contributors summarize this burgeoning field in their lucidly written, interesting, and accurate treatise. Beginning with chapters on physical principles and technical considerations, including how to adjust equipment for best images, they consider forthwith carotid and vertebral disease in two outstanding chapters with color images of startling defini tion. Also included are diagrams in which vascular structures are clearly related to well-labeled anatomical landmarks. No other atlas contains the quality of color images and graphic displays which these two editors have compiled. Now that surgical remediation of stenosis of the extracranial carotid and, perhaps, also the vertebral arteries has been demonstrated effective there will undoubtedly be an explosion in the use of this advanced technology to identify appropriate patients and to follow lesions longitudinally over time. To accomplish this, high-quality images made by skilled sonogra phers are the vital component and this book sets standards in this domain."

Mankind has evolved in a sea of radiation. We have been bombarded constantly by X rays, y rays, UV rays, and particulate radiations from outer space, and by terrestrial radiations from the ground we walk on, from our building materials, and from our own bodies. Recently, we have become increasingly subjected to man-made radiations, especially from the medical and defense industries. All of these radiations are capable of affecting us biologically, both to our benefit and to our detriment. This book provides a thorough review of the physical and biological dosimetry of these radiations. It is targeted to those health professionals who are concerned with understanding the mechanisms fundamental to the biological action of ionizing radiation or who are involved in the application, measurement, or treatment of the effects of such radiations. The first chapter, on "Bioeffect Dosimetry in Radiation Therapy," should be of special interest to anyone involved in the treatment of cancer by radiation. It includes a brief review of the history of the manipulation of time-dose parameters in order to improve therapeutic benefit, and an up-to-date analysis of time-dose relationships designed for use in fractionated radiotherapy and brachytherapy. This is followed by two chapters reviewing and comparing national and international protocols for the precise measurement of photon and electron radiations in therapy. These chapters should be invaluable to radiation physicists responsible for treatment machine calibrations.

Working practices for Head and Neck (HN) diagnostic and clinical teams have changed dramatically over the past 15 years with highlighted importance on specialist Multidisciplinary Teams (MDT) including radiologists and cytopathologists. To achieve high levels of diagnostic accuracy in this modern working environment, special training and commitment to cytopathology are required in addition to histopathology. Cytopathology of the Head and Neck: Ultrasound guided FNAC supports the learning of new skills expected of practicing pathologists by providing a comprehensive approach to cytopathology, including performing FNAC and on site interpretation. New to this edition is coverage of ultrasound (US) guidance the use of which has emerged as an essential adjunct to either Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) or needle core biopsy, and is expected to increase. US combined with US guided FNAC is now recommended as the investigation method of first choice for HN lesions for evaluating regional metastases in HN patients, for both those with and those without palpable lumps. This second edition also includes: * Companion website containing ultrasound case histories which detail imaging findings, list differential diagnosis and suggest further investigations compiled by Dr Simon Morley * Expanded coverage of clinical images of head and neck masses * Clear presentation of FNAC diagnostic features with images * Clinical management algorithms * Examples of diagnostic of pitfalls and complications in FNAC This timely book fills the training gap required for pathologists and offers a team approach to head and neck lesions, with valuable input from radiologists, ENT (ear, nose, and throat) surgeons, oncologists, and medico-legal experts. This new edition reflects the emergent multidisciplinary approach to head and neck practice.

Stay up to date with recent advances in the use of ultrasound in early gestation with this comprehensive, full-color reference. First Trimester Ultrasound Diagnosis of Fetal Abnormalities is an authoritative, systematic guide to the role of first trimester ultrasound in pregnancy risk assessment and the early detection of fetal malformations. High-quality illustrations and numerous tables throughout enhance readability, making this text an excellent daily resource in clinical practice. Features: Presents state-of-the-art information accompanied by hundreds of superb illustrations reflecting today's best ultrasound technology. Covers general aspects of first trimester ultrasound, including physical principles and bioeffects, technical aspects, fetal biometry and pregnancy dating, screening for chromosomal aneuploidies, multiple pregnancies, and more. Features a chapter on detailed first trimester ultrasound which presents a new, comprehensive and systematic approach to ultrasound imaging in early gestation. Provides detailed coverage of first trimester ultrasound findings in normal and abnormal conditions, covering various organ systems as well as the placenta and umbilical cord. Your book purchase includes a complimentary download of the enhanced eBook for iOS, Android, PC & Mac. Take advantage of these practical features that will improve your eBook experience: The ability to download the eBook on multiple devices at one time - providing a seamless reading experience online or offline Powerful search tools and smart navigation cross-links that allow you to search within this book, or across your entire library of VitalSource eBooks Multiple viewing options that enable you to scale images and text to any size without losing page clarity as well as responsive design The ability to highlight text and add notes with one click -

Emergency bedside ultrasound assessment is well established for adult patients, but has only recently been introduced into everyday clinical practice for the care of pediatric patients. Pediatric Emergency and Critical Care Ultrasound is a concise, practical text which explains the principles of ultrasound, its diagnostic application in all organ systems and its use as a procedural adjunct. Both well-established and innovative applications are described, assisting the practitioner in incorporating ultrasound into daily practice, facilitating patient care and decreasing radiation exposure. Case studies and abundant illustrations enable the reader to study the appropriate techniques in detail and learn from real examples from the pediatric emergency department and intensive care unit. Pediatric Emergency and Critical Care Ultrasound is the first comprehensive bedside ultrasonography resource focusing on pediatric patients and is essential reading not only for pediatric emergency medicine subspecialists but for all emergency physicians, intensivists/critical care physicians and pediatricians.

This book elucidates on the examination technique, the sonographic changes in musculoskeletal rheumatic involvement and the ultrasound assessment of joint rheumatic diseases. The atlas is enriched with several figures, in which the US picture is compared with that of conventional radiography, CT and MRI. It provides a unique collection of black and white and color images for easy and reliable diagnosis. The book is a practice-oriented tool.

All healthcare professionals practising ultrasound in a clinical setting should receive accredited training in the principles and practice of ultrasound scanning. This second edition of Diagnostic Ultrasound: Physics and Equipment provides a comprehensive introduction to the physics, technology and safety of ultrasound equipment, with high quality ultrasound images and diagrams throughout. It covers all aspects of the field at a level intended to meet the requirements of UK sonography courses. New to this edition: * Updated descriptions of ultrasound technology, quality assurance and safety. * Additional chapters dedicated to 3D ultrasound, contrast agents and elastography. * New glossary containing definitions of over 500 terms. The editors and contributing authors are all authorities in their areas, with contributions to the scientific and professional development of ultrasound at national and international level.

A concise, superbly illustrated (print + electronic) textbook that brings together a reliable, clear and up to date guide to surface anatomy and its underlying gross anatomy, combined with a practical application of ultrasound and other imaging modalities. A thorough understanding of surface anatomy remains a critical part of clinical practice, but with improved imaging technology, portable ultrasound is also fast becoming integral to routine clinical examination and effective diagnosis. This unique new text combines these two essential approaches to effectively understanding clinical anatomy and reflects latest approaches within modern medical curricula. It is tailored specifically to the needs of medical students and doctors in training and will also prove invaluable to the wide range of allied health students and professionals who need a clear understanding of visible and palpable anatomy combined with anatomy as seen on ultrasound. Concise text and high quality illustrations, photographs, CT, MRI and ultrasound scans provide a clear, integrated understanding of the anatomical basis for modern clinical practice Highly accessible and at a level appropriate for medical students and a wide range of allied health students and professionals Reflects current curriculum trend of heavily utilizing living anatomy and ultrasound to learn anatomy Supplementary video content showing live ultrasound scans and guided areas of surface anatomy to bring content to life and reflect current teaching and clinical settings An international advisory panel appointed to add expertise and ensure relevance to the variety of medical and allied health markets Inclusion of latest ultrasound image modalities Designed to complement and enhance the highly successful Gray's family of texts/atlases although also effective as a stand-alone or alongside other established anatomy resources