A Practical Guide to Instrumental Analysis covers basic methods of instrumental analysis, including electroanalytical techniques, optical techniques, atomic spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermoanalytical techniques, separation techniques, and flow analytical techniques. Each chapter provides a brief theoretical introduction followed by basic and special application experiments. This book is ideal for readers who need a knowledge of special techniques in order to use instrumental methods to conduct their own analytical tasks.

Ultrafast Dynamics at the Nanoscale provides a combined experimental and theoretical insight into the molecular-level investigation of light-induced quantum processes in biological systems and nanostructured (bio)assemblies. Topics include DNA photostability and repair, photoactive proteins, biological and artificial light-harvesting systems, plasmonic nanostructures, and organic photovoltaic materials, whose common denominator is the key importance of ultrafast quantum effects at the border between the molecular scale and the nanoscale. The functionality and control of these systems have been under intense investigation in recent years in view of developing a detailed understanding of ultrafast nanoscale energy and charge transfer, as well as fostering novel technologies based on sustainable energy resources. Both experiment and theory have made big strides toward meeting the challenge of these truly complex systems. This book, thus, introduces the reader to cutting-edge developments in ultrafast nonlinear optical spectroscopies and the quantum dynamical simulation of the observed dynamics, including direct simulations of two-dimensional optical experiments. Taken together, these techniques attempt to elucidate whether the quantum coherent nature of ultrafast events enhances the efficiency of the relevant processes and where the quantum-classical boundary sets in, in these high-dimensional biological and material systems. The chapters contain well-illustrated accounts of the authors' research work, including didactic introductory material, and address a multidisciplinary audience from chemistry, physics, biology, and materials sciences. The book is, therefore, a must-have for graduate- and postgraduate-level researchers who wish to learn about molecular nanoscience from a combined spectroscopic and theoretical viewpoint.

Analytical Instrumentation examines analyzers for detecting pollutants and other hazardous matter, including carbon monoxide, chlorine, fluoride, hydrogen sulfide, mercury, and phosphorous. Also covers selection, application, and sampling procedures.

This work focuses on the environmental availability and effects, toxicological properties and numerous applications of cationic surfactants, detaling the modern analytical processes by which this important class of compounds may be studied. It discusses the types of microorganisms that are susceptible or refractory to the actions of cationic agents.

Modern ESCA: The Principles and Practice of X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy is a unique text/reference that focuses on the branch of electron spectroscopy generally labeled as either Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA) or X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The book emphasizes the use of core level and valence band binding energies, their shifts, and line widths. It describes the background, present status, and possible future uses of a number of recently developed branches of ESCA, including:

This volume provides an overview of the applications of modern solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques to the study of catalysts, catalytic processes, species adsorbed on catalysts and systems relevant to heterogeneous catalysis. It characterizes the structure of catalytic materials and surfaces.

Applications of Numerical Methods in Molecular Spectroscopy provides a mathematical background, theoretical perspective, and review of spectral data processing methods. The book discusses methods of complex spectral profile separation into bands, factor analysis methods, methods of quantitative analysis in molecular spectroscopy and reflectance spectroscopy, and new data processing methods. Mathematical methods in special areas of molecular spectroscopy, such as color science, electron spin resonance, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies are also covered. The book will benefit researchers and postgraduate students in fields of chemistry, physics, and biology.

This work provides a clear presentation of the chromatographic process - demonstrating the functions of all associated instrumentation and the procedures necessary to obtain accurate qualitative and quantitative results. The work supplies a host of applications from a variety of sources to help identify the best equipment, the most appropriate columns and the most suitable phase systems for specific samples.

Since the turn of the twenty-first century, applications of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) have diversified, expanding their utility in the military and security spheres and entering the realms of clinical practice and pharmaceutical exploration. Updated and expanded, the third edition of Ion Mobility Spectrometry begins with a comprehensive discussion of the fundamental theory and practice of IMS. Divided into four sections-Overview, Technology, Fundamentals, and Applications-the authors treat innovations and advances in all aspects of IMS in a fresh, thorough, and revised format. Features: Introduces the definitions, theory, and practice of IMS and summarizes its history from the beginnings of the study of ions to present commercial and scholarly activities Presents the technology of IMS from a measurement perspective-covering inlet through ion formation, ion injection, electric fields, drift tube structures, and detectors Covers the end results of measurement, the mobility spectrum, and the transformative trend of ion mobility: mass spectrometry Discusses the influence on the experimental parameters on the mobility of ions Mobility-based methods are no longer restricted to volatile substances and indeed the many benefits of this technology-simplicity, convenience, and the low cost of technology-have become recognized as meritorious in a wide range of uses. This is also true for the advantages of measurements-high speed, distinctive spectral features, and operation in ambient pressure with thermalized ions. Ion Mobility Spectrometry, Third Edition serves specialists in the field of IMS who are interested in the potential of recent developments and researchers, engineers, and students who want a comprehensive overview of this technology.

Written by experts on current innovations in their fields, this 33rd volume of Advances in Chromatography covers subjects such as planar chips technology, molecular biochromatography, fusion reaction chromatography and enantioselective liquid chromatographic separations.

Presents chemical state imaging methods useful on distance scales ranging from individual atoms to millimeters. This work is intended for chemists familiar with modern spectroscopies, but includes tutorial material on basic imaging processes for those with little background in the field.

There are many advantages to stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) for isolating and concentrating flavor-active chemicals from foods, including its simplicity and wide application appeal. Written from a practical, problem-solving perspective, the second edition of Flavor, Fragrance, and Odor Analysis highlights this powerful technique and emphasizes the range of applications available. Topics discussed include Sequential SBSE, a novel extraction procedure A simplified method for switching from one-dimensional to two-dimensional GC-MS How analytical sensitivity and recovery of phenolic compounds can be improved using aqueous acylation prior to SBSE GC-MS Analyzing and combating off-flavors caused by metabolites from microorganisms A technique for measuring synergy effects between odorants The identification of the characterizing aroma-active compounds of tropical fruits with high economic potential The parameters utilized during the production of aqueous formulations rich in pyrazines How spectral deconvolution can be used to speciate the subtle differences in essential oil content and track key ingredients through the manufacturing process The final chapter summarizes chemical identities of characterizing aroma chemicals in fruits, vegetables, nuts, herbs and spices, and savory and dairy flavors. It also provides a brief compendium of the characterization of off-flavors and taints that are reported in foods. With contributions from a distinguished panel of international experts, this volume provides chemists and researchers with the latest techniques for analyzing and enhancing food flavor and fragrance.

The techniques and methods that can be applied to materials characterization on the microscale are numerous and well-established. Divided into two parts, Characterization of Nanostructures provides thumbnail sketches of the most widely used techniques and methods that apply to nanostructures, and discusses typical applications to single nanoscale objects, as well as to ensembles of such objects. Section I: Techniques and Methods overviews the physical principles of the main techniques and describes those operational modes that are most relevant to nanoscale characterization. It provides sufficient technical detail so that readers and prospective users can gain an appreciation of the strengths and limitations of particular techniques. The section covers both mainstream and less commonly used techniques. Section II: Applications of Techniques to Structures of Different Dimensionalities and Functionalities deals with the methods for materials characterization of generic types of systems, using carefully chosen illustrations from the literature. Each chapter begins with a brief description of the materials and supplies a context for the methods for characterization. The volume concludes with a series of flow charts and brief descriptions of tactical issues. The authors focus on the needs of the research laboratory but also address those of quality control, industrial troubleshooting, and online analysis. Characterization of Nanostructures describes those techniques and their operational modes that are most relevant to nanoscale characterization. It is especially relevant to systems of different dimensionalities and functionalities. The book builds a bridge between generalists, who play vital roles in the post-disciplinary area of nanotechnology, and specialists, who view themselves as more in the context of the discipline.

This quick-reference guide contains over 400 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of commonly used pesticides and related metabolites. Systematically arranged for easy referral, the book: supplies relevant chemical, physical and structural data, in addition to the spectra; compares the improved quality of spectra performed on Fourier transform instruments, in terms of signal-to-noise ratio and optical resolution, to those recorded on dispersive spectrometers; and promotes Good Laborotory Practices (GLP) and Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) by applying infrared spectroscopy to identify control of standards prior to performing qualitative and quantitative analyses.

The Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction series treats ion exchange and solvent extraction both as discrete topics and as a unified, multidisciplinary study - presenting new insights for researchers in many chemical and related field. Containing current knowledge and results in ion exchange, this text: presents an overview of the chemical thermodynamics of cation-exchange reactions, with particular emphasis placed on liquid-phase- and solid-phase-activity coefficient models; describes the development of surface complexation theory and its application to the ion exchange phenomenon; discusses metal-natural colloid surface reactions and their consideration by surface complexation modelling complements; and covers the influence of humic substances on the uptake of metal ions by naturally occurring materials.

Recent advancements in signal processing and computerised methods are expected to underpin the future progress of biomedical research and technology, particularly in measuring and assessing signals and images from the human body. This book focuses on singular spectrum analysis (SSA), an effective approach for single channel signal analysis, and its bivariate, multivariate, tensor based, complex-valued, quaternion-valued and robust variants. SSA currently has numerous applications in detecting abnormalities in quasi-periodic biosignals, such as electrocardiograms, (ECGs or EKGs), oxygen levels, arterial pressure, and electroencephalograms (EEGs). Singular Spectrum Analysis of Biomedical Signals presents relatively newly applied concepts for biomedical applications of SSA, including: Signal source separation, extraction, decomposition, and factorization Physiological, biological, and biochemical signal processing A new SSA grouping algorithm for filtering and noise reduction of genetics data Prediction of various clinical events The book introduces a new mathematical and signal processing technique for the decomposition of widely available single channel biomedical data. It also provides illustrations of new signal processing results in the form of signals, graphs, images, and tables to reinforce understanding of the related concepts. Singular Spectrum Analysis of Biomedical Signals enhances current clinical knowledge and aids physicians in improving diagnosis, treatment and monitoring some clinical abnormalities. It also lays groundwork for progress in SSA by making suggestions for future research.

Offers coverage of internal reflection spectroscopy (IRS) and its applications to polymer, semiconductor, biological, electrochemical and membrane research. This work describes the theory and procedures and identifies the spectral regions, from materials characterization to process monitoring.

Flow Injection Analysis of Food Additives gives you the tools you need to analyze food and beverage additives using FIA. This sets it apart from other books that simply focus on the theoretical basis and principles of FIA or on the design of equipment, instrumentation, manifold, and setting mechanism. Truly unprecedented in its scope, this book represents the work of 80 authors from 14 countries who combine efforts to give you the first review on measurements of additives and other substances by FIA in relation to the use of additives in food. The book consists of ten sections. The first section provides an introduction to the topic and reviews the origin of FIA, including recent developments and future trends. The next six sections discuss the determination of additives. These sections are divided based on the official classification of additives according to function by the EU. In the final three sections, you will find a review of the determination of antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial effects, and acidity by FIA. All chapters are organized in the same way: The first part begins with a small introduction in relation to the importance of the additive or compound in foods and beverages and discusses the legislation affecting their use and control. The second part focuses on the determination of the compound or additive by FIA in different foods or beverages, with sample preparation and extraction from a food/beverage on the one hand and FIA methods used for the separation and detection on the other.

The Handbook of Organic Analytical Reagents, 2nd Edition, is an indispensable source book of physico-chemical properties, preparation, and analytical applications of the most commonly used organic reagents. Updated from the 1st Edition, this volume includes data on 40 new reagents (such as ultra-high sensitive azo dyes, fluorescent calcium indicators, and chromogenic crown ethers and porphyrin reagents), a new Reagent Index listing reagents according to the elements to be assayed, and completely updated references.

Each entry contains information on synonyms, sources and methods of synthesis, analytical applications, complexation reactions and the properties of complexes, purification and purity of the reagent, and other regeants with a related structure. The Handbook of Organic Analytical Reagents, 2nd Edition, is an invaluable bench-side reference for professional analytical chemists and graduate students.

This book provides a detailed description of technical elements of a microbore column liquid chromatograph suitable for use in trace analysis. It presents examples of analyses, especially from the spheres of biochemistry, pharmacology, and environmental analytical chemistry.

The only comprehensive guide to CIMS applications in structural elucidation and analytical studies

Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry, 2nd Edition, provides a comprehensive, up-to-date review of CIMS applications in structural elucidation and quantitative analytical studies. For the benefit of readers without a background in gaseous ion chemistry, a thorough review is presented in Chapter 2. Other chapters discuss such topics as reagent ion systems within the context of the thermochemistry and kinetics of the ionization process, including reactions and the type of information obtained; isotopic exchange reactions; stereochemical effects in chemical ionization; and reactive ion/molecule collisions in quadrupole cells. Chemical ionization mass spectra of 13 classes of compounds are discussed in detail to illustrate the influence of different functional groups on the spectra observed.

Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry, 2nd Edition will be a valuable reference for anyone interested in mass spectrometry and gaseous ion chemistry in general.

Gas Mixtures provides practical suggestions and calculations for producing multicomponent test gas atmospheres. General topics addressed include sorbent evaluation, methods development, dosimeter testing, instrument calibration, atmospheric simulation, and gas analysis. Learn the tricks of the trade for producing gas mixtures over a wide range of concentrations using even the most difficult-to-handle materials.
Gas Mixtures is a must for industrial hygienists, air pollution control specialists, analytical chemists, and others working in such areas as health and safety, air pollution, air cleaning, and respirator and carbon research.

Analytical Chemistry Refresher Manual provides a comprehensive refresher in techniques and methodology of modern analytical chemistry. Topics include sampling and sample preparation, solution preparation, and discussions of wet and instrumental methods of analysis; spectrometric techniques of UV, vis, and IR spectroscopy; NMR, mass spectrometry, and atomic spectrometry techniques; analytical separations, including liquid-liquid extraction, liquid-solid extraction, instrumental and non-instrumental chromatography, and electrophoresis; and basic theory and instrument design concepts of gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. The manual also covers automation, potentiometric and voltammetric techniques, and the detection and accounting of laboratory errors. Analytical Chemistry Refresher Manual will benefit all laboratory workers, water and wastewater professionals, and academic researchers who are looking for a readable reference covering the fundamentals of modern analytical chemistry.

Considers three fundamental aspects of molecular interactions important in chromatography, taking care not to duplicate information readily available in other references. Surveys the basic factors involved in complex formation, which governs the retention mechanism and selectivity in either donor or

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and microfluidic chip (MC) devices are relatively mature technologies, but this book demonstrates how they can be integrated into a single, revolutionary device that can provide on-site analysis of samples when laboratory services are unavailable. By introducing the combination of CE and MC technology, Microfluidic Chip-Capillary Electrophoresis Devices broadens the scope of chemical analysis, particularly in the biomedical, food, and environmental sciences. The book gives an overview of the development of MC and CE technology as well as technology that now allows for the fabrication of MC-CE devices. It describes the operating principles that make integration possible and illustrates some achievements already made by the application of MC-CE devices in hospitals, clinics, food safety, and environmental research. The authors envision further applications for private and public use once the proof-of-concept stage has been passed and obstacles to increased commercialization are addressed. A summary of the current methodology and application of MC-CE devices, including their merits, limitations, and potential, closes the book. It highlights the path to be taken for future development of MC-CE and anticipates new advances in technology that will increase their performance and use as powerful analytical tools. With enhanced power, their scope of applications will widen and yield new benefits to researchers and the general public.