This book presents the basics and applications of photonic materials. It focuses on the utility of these devices for sensing, biosensing, and displays. The book includes fundamental aspects with a particular focus on the application of photonic materials. The field of photonic materials is both a burgeoning, and mature field. There are new advances being made on a daily basis, all based on the fundamental roots set by work by those like Ozin, Thomas, Asher, and others.

This book provides expert coverage of the physical properties of new non-crystalline solids-tellurite glass smart materials-and the latest applications of these materials, offering insights into innovative applications for radiation shielding, energy harvesting, laser devices, and temperature sensing, among others. In particular, there is a focus on optics, energy conversion technology and laser devices, structural and luminescence properties for laser applications, optothermal and optical properties in the presence of gold nanoparticles, and lanthanide doped zinc oxyfluoro-tellurite glass as a new smart material. Additional chapters address the properties and uses of tellurite glasses in optical sensing, the significance of Near Infrared (NIR) emissions, solar cells, solar energy harvesting, luminescent displays, and the development of bioactive-based tellurite-lanthanide (Te-Ln) doped hydroxyapatite composites for biomedical applications. As the world's reliance on glass increases, this book serves as a link between the latest findings on tellurite glasses and real-world technological advancement. Academic researchers and industry professionals alike will find this book a useful resource in keeping abreast of recent developments in the field.

Microwave photonics and information optics provide high bandwidth and precision along with ultrafast speed at a low cost. In order to reduce noise at the communication trans-receivers, scattering in the devices needs to be decreased, which can be achieved by replacing optoelectronic devices with photonic devices because in the latter only photons propagate electromagnetic waves. Contemporary Developments in High-Frequency Photonic Devices is a crucial research book that examines high-frequency photonics and their applications in communication engineering. Featuring coverage on a wide range of topics such as metamaterials, optoelectronic devices, and plasmonics, this book is excellent for students, researchers, engineers, and professionals.

This volume presents selected aspects of non-integer, or fractional order systems, whose analysis, synthesis and applications have increasingly become a real challenge for various research communities, ranging from science to engineering. The spectrum of applications of the fractional order calculus has incredibly expanded, in fact it would be hard to find a science/engineering-related subject area where the fractional calculus had not been incorporated. The content of the fractional calculus is ranged from pure mathematics to engineering implementations and so is the content of this volume. The volume is subdivided into six parts, reflecting particular aspects of the fractional order calculus. The first part contains a single invited paper on a new formulation of fractional-order descriptor observers for fractional-order descriptor continous LTI systems. The second part provides new elements to the mathematical theory of fractional-order systems. In the third part of this volume, a bunch of new results in approximation, modeling and simulations of fractional-order systems is given. The fourth part presents new solutions to some problems in controllability and control of non-integer order systems, in particular fractional PID-like control. The fifth part analyzes the stability of non-integer order systems and some new results are offered in this important respect, in particular for discrete-time systems. The final, sixth part of this volume presents a spectrum of applications of the noninteger order calculus, ranging from bi-fractional filtering, in particular of electromyographic signals, through the thermal diffusion and advection diffusion processes to the SIEMENS platform implementation. This volume's papers were all subjected to stimulating comments and discussions from the active audience of the RRNR'2014, the 6th Conference on Non-integer Order Calculus and Its Applications that was organized by the Department of Electrical, Control and Computer Engineering, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland.

The updated book presents Matlab illustrations on various digital signal processing (DSP) techniques such as random process, time varying wireless system model, and detection and estimation theory used in wireless communication. The book also covers recent wireless techniques like OFDM, massive MIMO techniques, non-orthogonal multiple access, millimeter wave MIMO, full duplex, cognitive radio, co-operating communication, unmanned aerial vehicles etc. This book is suitable for those who are doing basic and applied research in digital signal processing for wireless communication.

Ultrashort Pulse Lasers. All Solid-State Tunable Ultrafast Laser Oscillators and Amplifiers for Real-World Applications Including Medical Imaging; N.P. Barry, et al. Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Atoms and Molecules. Vibrational Coherence in Photoisomerization Reaction of Cis-stilbene in Solution; D.K. Palit, et al. Ultrafast Non-Linear Optical Phenomena. Ultrafast Temporal Dynamics in an Optical Microscopic Cavity; P. Mataloni, et al. Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Semiconductors. Optical Cross-talk between Quantum Wells; D. Weber, et al. Generation and Applications of Intense Ultrashort Pulse. High-Brightness Excimer Lasers; S. Szatmari, et al. Frequency Conversion. Femtosecond Pulse Compression by Sum-Frequency Generation in BBO; A. Varanavicius, et al. Ultrafast Non-Linear Optics in Organics. Femtosecond Dynamics in Conjugated Polymers; T. Kobayashi. Applications of Ultrafast Lasers in Medicine and Ultrafast Processes in Biophysics. Imaging Through Diffusing Media with Time Resolved Transmittance; R. Cubeddu, et al. Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Metals, Insulators and Confined Systems. New Ultrafast Measurement Techniques. Superconductors and the Terahertz Spectroscopy. Ultrafast Optoelectronics. 139 Additional Articles. Index.

Mathematics and Physics 1: New Ways to Use Old Ideas for High Quality Acoustic Images; G. Wade. Mathematics and Physics 2: A Modified Algorithm for Ultrasound Holographic Q Imaging; Q. Zhengdi. Application in Nondestructive Testing: Imaging and Inverse Scattering in Nondestructive Evaluation; K.J. Langenberg, et al. Acoustical and Optoacoustical Microscope: Nearfield Scanning Acoustic Microscopy; A. Kulik, et al. Transducers and Array: Formation and Propagation of Limited Diffraction Beams; J. Lu, J.F. Greenleaf. Application in Medicine and Biology 1: Multidimensional Cardiac Imaging; J.F. Greenleaf, et al. Application in Medicine and Biology 2: A Restoration Method of Ultrasonic Medical Tomogram; K. Zhou, et al. Seismic Imaging: A Method of Diffraction Tomography; K. Nagai, et al. Underwater Acoustical Imaging: A New Generation Side Scan Sonar; P. Alais, et al. 96 additional articles. Index.

This book offers readers a single-source reference to the implementation aspects of multirate systems, advances in design of comb decimation filters and multirate filter banks. The authors describe a variety of the most recent applications in fields such as, image and video processing, digital communications, software and cognitive radio.

This book presents new and advanced concepts, theories and methodologies in polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) target scattering mechanism modeling and interpretation, which is dedicated to bridge the gap between the acquired data and practical applications. It proposes adaptive and generalized polarimetric target decompositions, to precisely interpret the target scattering mechanisms. Further, it develops a uniform polarimetric matrix rotation theory and a polarimetric coherence pattern visualization and interpretation tool to completely explore and characterize the deep information and target signatures in the rotation domain. Finally, it demonstrates land cover classification, target detection, natural disaster damage investigation and mapping applications which use the novel scattering mechanism investigation tools. The book is a valuable resource for senior undergraduate and postgraduate students, teachers, engineers and researchers in the field of microwave remote sensing, radar polarimetry, imaging radar, and environmental studies.

This book addresses Software-Defined Radio (SDR) baseband processing from the computer architecture point of view, providing a detailed exploration of different computing platforms by classifying different approaches, highlighting the common features related to SDR requirements and by showing pros and cons of the proposed solutions. It covers architectures exploiting parallelism by extending single-processor environment (such as VLIW, SIMD, TTA approaches), multi-core platforms distributing the computation to either a homogeneous array or a set of specialized heterogeneous processors, and architectures exploiting fine-grained, coarse-grained, or hybrid reconfigurability.

A textbook for elementary optical design that treats lasers, modulators, and scanners as part of the design process. Moves from the simplest concepts in optics to a basic understanding of ray tracing in optical systems, the components of those systems, and the process by which a design is produced. Features numerous problems, examples, and figures.

The propagation of light in 'dense media' where dipole-dipole interactions play a role is a fundamental topic that was first studied in the work of Clausius, Mossotti, Lorenz and Lorentz in the latter half of the nineteenth century. However, until recently there remained some areas of controversy: for example, whereas the Lorentz model for a gas predicts a resonance shift, a discrete dipole model does not. This thesis makes the first combined measurement of both the Lorentz shift and the associated collective Lamb shift. This clear experimental result stimulated new theoretical work that has significantly advanced our understanding of light propagation in interacting media.

This book focuses on how machine learning techniques can be used to analyze and make use of one particular category of behavioral biometrics known as the gait biometric. A comprehensive Ground Reaction Force (GRF)-based Gait Biometrics Recognition framework is proposed and validated by experiments. In addition, an in-depth analysis of existing recognition techniques that are best suited for performing footstep GRF-based person recognition is also proposed, as well as a comparison of feature extractors, normalizers, and classifiers configurations that were never directly compared with one another in any previous GRF recognition research. Finally, a detailed theoretical overview of many existing machine learning techniques is presented, leading to a proposal of two novel data processing techniques developed specifically for the purpose of gait biometric recognition using GRF. This book * introduces novel machine-learning-based temporal normalization techniques * bridges research gaps concerning the effect of footwear and stepping speed on footstep GRF-based person recognition * provides detailed discussions of key research challenges and open research issues in gait biometrics recognition* compares biometrics systems trained and tested with the same footwear against those trained and tested with different footwear

This book discusses non-conventional digital signal processing based on direct processing of delta-sigma modulated bit-stream. The main attributes of low-pass delta-sigma analog-to-digital converters are: simple and inexpensive design, robustness of design to component tolerances, low-power consumption, high input impedance, high resolution (more than 20 bits) and possibility of direct arithmetic operation on its bit-stream. The author presents a number of theoretical and simulation results related to newly proposed linear and non-linear circuits such as delta-sigma adders, delta-sigma rectifiers, delta-sigma RMS and AGC circuits, delta-sigma frequency deviation meters, etc. The proposed circuits are not application limited and can be used in instrumentation, sensor application, bio-medical application, communications, etc. Presents novel linear and nonlinear circuits for direct processing of delta-sigma modulated bit-stream; The proposed circuits are supported by theoretical and simulation results; Recommends potential applications of the proposed circuits, and proposes ideas for further investigation.

China Satellite Navigation Conference (CSNC 2021) Proceedings presents selected research papers from CSNC 2021 held during 22nd-25th May, 2021 in Nanchang, China. These papers discuss the technologies and applications of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), and the latest progress made in the China BeiDou System (BDS) especially. They are divided into 10 topics to match the corresponding sessions in CSNC2021 which broadly covered key topics in GNSS. Readers can learn about the BDS and keep abreast of the latest advances in GNSS techniques and applications.

X-ray computed tomography has been used for several decades as a tool for measuring the three-dimensional geometry of the internal organs in medicine. However, in recent years, we have seen a move in manufacturing industries for the use of X-ray computed tomography; first to give qualitative information about the internal geometry and defects in a component, and more recently, as a fully-quantitative technique for dimensional and materials analysis. This trend is primarily due to the ability of X-ray computed tomography to give a high-density and multi-scale representation of both the external and internal geometry of a component, in a non-destructive, non-contact and relatively fast way. But, due to the complexity of X-ray computed tomography, there are remaining metrological issues to solve and the specification standards are still under development. This book will act as a one-stop-shop resource for students and users of X-ray computed tomography in both academia and industry. It presents the fundamental principles of the technique, detailed descriptions of the various components (hardware and software), current developments in calibration and performance verification and a wealth of example applications. The book will also highlight where there is still work to do, in the perspective that X-ray computed tomography will be an essential part of Industry 4.0.

This book investigates the functional adequacy as well as the affective impression made by feedback messages on mobile devices. It presents an easily adoptable experimental setup to examine context effects on various feedback messages and applies it to auditory, tactile and auditory-tactile feedback messages. This approach provides insights into the relationship between the affective impression and functional applicability of these messages as well as an understanding of the influence of unimodal components on the perception of multimodal feedback messages. The developed paradigm can also be extended to investigate other aspects of context and used to investigate feedback messages in modalities other than those presented. The book uses questionnaires implemented on a Smartphone, which can easily be adopted for field studies to broaden the scope even wider. Finally, the book offers guidelines for the design of system feedback.

The Proceedings of The Third International Conference on Communications, Signal Processing and Systems provides the state-of-art developments of Communications, Signal Processing and Systems. The conference covered such topics as wireless communications, networks, systems, signal processing for communications. This book is a collection of contributions coming out of Third International Conference on Communications, Signal Processing and Systems held on July 2014 in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.

The book covers the most crucial parts of real-time hyperspectral image processing: causality and real-time capability. Recently, two new concepts of real time hyperspectral image processing, Progressive HyperSpectral Imaging (PHSI) and Recursive HyperSpectral Imaging (RHSI). Both of these can be used to design algorithms and also form an integral part of real time hyperpsectral image processing. This book focuses on progressive nature in algorithms on their real-time and causal processing implementation in two major applications, endmember finding and anomaly detection, both of which are fundamental tasks in hyperspectral imaging but generally not encountered in multispectral imaging. This book is written to particularly address PHSI in real time processing, while a book, Recursive Hyperspectral Sample and Band Processing: Algorithm Architecture and Implementation (Springer 2016) can be considered as its companion book.

This book provides a comprehensive review of the state-of-the art of optical signal processing technologies and devices. It presents breakthrough solutions for enabling a pervasive use of optics in data communication and signal storage applications. It presents presents optical signal processing as solution to overcome the capacity crunch in communication networks. The book content ranges from the development of innovative materials and devices, such as graphene and slow light structures, to the use of nonlinear optics for secure quantum information processing and overcoming the classical Shannon limit on channel capacity and microwave signal processing. Although it holds the promise for a substantial speed improvement, today's communication infrastructure optics remains largely confined to the signal transport layer, as it lags behind electronics as far as signal processing is concerned. This situation will change in the near future as the tremendous growth of data traffic requires energy efficient and fully transparent all-optical networks. The book is written by leaders in the field.

Nonlinear optics is attracting attention because of its applications in telecommunications and its possibilities for optical computing. Optoelectronics has been singled out by many as being of considerable strategic importance. Optical fibre communications shows that optics is already a method of choice; nonlinear optics offers further improvements in efficiency and versatility. Textbooks on nonlinear optics are readily available, concentrating on phenomena and devices rather than on the materials. Materials for nonlinear optics have developed considerably, with novel semiconductor structures and organics attracting much attention. These too are treated in a variety of books, at a research level. To take advantage of these newer materials, those who use nonlinear optics may need a source of information on the materials available and their special characteristics. At the same time, materials specialists entering the field of nonlinear optics may need a source of information on the general features of nonlinear optics. Nonlinear optics also now forms part of a number of degree and Masters level programmes. This book is written as an overview of the subject for users of these materials, graduate level courses and those entering research in this area. Chapters cover individual classes of materials and try to provide an authoritative but approachable summary of the characteristics of each class, with emphasis on the advantages offered for applications in nonlinear optics. To ensure that the book is accessible to those not conversant with nonlinear optics, introductory chapters outline the principle nonlinear optical phenomena and how these are exploited in device configurations.

This book describes algorithmic methods and hardware implementations that aim to help realize the promise of Compressed Sensing (CS), namely the ability to reconstruct high-dimensional signals from a properly chosen low-dimensional "portrait". The authors describe a design flow and some low-resource physical realizations of sensing systems based on CS. They highlight the pros and cons of several design choices from a pragmatic point of view, and show how a lightweight and mild but effective form of adaptation to the target signals can be the key to consistent resource saving. The basic principle of the devised design flow can be applied to almost any CS-based sensing system, including analog-to-information converters, and has been proven to fit an extremely diverse set of applications. Many practical aspects required to put a CS-based sensing system to work are also addressed, including saturation, quantization, and leakage phenomena.

This book focuses on a research field that is rapidly emerging as one of the most promising ones for the global optics and photonics community: the "lab-on-fiber" technology. Inspired by the well-established "lab on-a-chip" concept, this new technology essentially envisages novel and highly functionalized devices completely integrated into a single optical fiber for both communication and sensing applications. Based on the R&D experience of some of the world's leading authorities in the fields of optics, photonics, nanotechnology, and material science, this book provides a broad and accurate description of the main developments and achievements in the lab-on-fiber technology roadmap, also highlighting the new perspectives and challenges to be faced. This book is essential for scientists interested in the cutting-edge fiber optic technology, but also for graduate students.

In this book, contributors provide insights into the latest developments of Edge Computing/Mobile Edge Computing, specifically in terms of communication protocols and related applications and architectures. The book provides help to Edge service providers, Edge service consumers, and Edge service developers interested in getting the latest knowledge in the area. The book includes relevant Edge Computing topics such as applications; architecture; services; inter-operability; data analytics; deployment and service; resource management; simulation and modeling; and security and privacy. Targeted readers include those from varying disciplines who are interested in designing and deploying Edge Computing. Features the latest research related to Edge Computing, from a variety of perspectives; Tackles Edge Computing in academia and industry, featuring a variety of new and innovative operational ideas; Provides a strong foundation for researchers to advance further in the Edge Computing domain.