Adaptive Optics for Biological Imaging brings together groundbreaking research on the use of adaptive optics for biological imaging. The book builds on prior work in astronomy and vision science. Featuring contributions by leaders in this emerging field, it takes an interdisciplinary approach that makes the subject accessible to nonspecialists who want to use adaptive optics techniques in their own work in biology and bioengineering. Organized into three parts, the book covers principles, methods, and applications of adaptive optics for biological imaging, providing the reader with the following benefits: Gives a general overview of applied optics, including definitions and vocabulary, to lay a foundation for clearer communication across disciplines Explains what kinds of optical aberrations arise in imaging through various biological tissues, and what technology can be used to correct for these aberrations Explores research done with a variety of biological samples and imaging instruments, including wide-field, confocal, and two-photon microscopes Discusses both indirect wavefront sensing, which uses an iterative approach, and direct wavefront sensing, which uses a parallel approach Since the sample is an integral part of the optical system in biological imaging, the field will benefit from participation by biologists and biomedical researchers with expertise in applied optics. This book helps lower the barriers to entry for these researchers. It also guides readers in selecting the approach that works best for their own applications.

Foreword by Nobel laureate Professor Theodor W. Hansch of Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen

Based on the authors experimental work over the last 25 years, Laser-Based Measurements for Time and Frequency Domain Applications: A Handbook presents basic concepts, state-of-the-art applications, and future trends in optical, atomic, and molecular physics. It provides all the background information on the main kinds of laser sources and techniques, offers a detailed account of the most recent results obtained for time- and frequency-domain applications of lasers, and develops the theoretical framework necessary for understanding the experimental applications.

After a historical introduction, the book describes the basic concepts and mathematical tools required for studying the physics of oscillators. It then discusses microwave and optical resonators, crucial aspects of operation and fundamental properties of lasers, and precision spectroscopy and absolute frequency metrology. It also focuses on microwave and optical frequency standards and explores current and potential research directions.

Accessible to scientists, postdoc researchers, and advanced undergraduate students, this self-contained book gives a wide-ranging, balanced overview of the areas including frequency standards and clocks, ultra-high-precision spectroscopy, quantum information, and environmental metrology revolutionized by the recent advent of optical frequency comb synthesizers (OFCSs) based on femtosecond mode-locked lasers. The book is also a useful guide to cutting-edge research for manufacturers of advanced laser systems and optical devices."

The collection of articles in this book offers a penetrating shaft into the still burgeoning subject of light propagation and localization in photonic crystals and disordered media. While the subject has its origins in physics, it has broad significance and applicability in disciplines such as engineering, chemistry, mathematics, and medicine. Unlike other branches of physics, where the phenomena under consideration require extreme conditions of temperature, pressure, energy, or isolation from competing effects, the phenomena related to light localization survive under the most ordinary of conditions. This provides the science described in this book with broad applicability and vitality. However, the greatest challenge to the further development of this field is in the reliable and inexpensive synthesis of materials of the required composition, architecture and length scale, where the proper balance between order and disorder is realized.
Similar challenges have been faced and overcome in fields such as semiconductor science and technology. The challenge of photonic crystal synthesis has inspired a variety of novel fabrication protocols such as self-assembly and optical interference lithography that offer much less expensive approaches than conventional semiconductor microlithography.
Once these challenges are fully met, it is likely that light propagation and localization in photonic microstructures will be at the heart of a 21st-century revolution in science and technology.
From the Introduction, Sajeev John, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada

One of the first books specifically focused on disorder in photonic structures, Optical Properties of Photonic Structures: Interplay of Order and Disorder explores how both order and disorder provide the key to the different regimes of light transport and to the systematic localization and trapping of light. Collecting contributions from leaders of research activity in the field, the book covers many important directions, methods, and approaches. It describes various one-, two-, and three-dimensional structures, including opals, aperiodic Fibonacci-type photonic structures, photonic amorphous structures, photonic glasses, Levy glasses, and hypersonic, magnetophotonic, and plasmonic photonic crystals with nanocavities, quantum dots, and lasing action. The book also addresses practical applications in areas such as optical communications, optical computing, laser surgery, and energy. "

The definition of optical material has expanded in recent years, largely because of IT advances that have led to rapid growth in optoelectronics applications. Helping to explain this evolution, Optical Materials and Applications presents contributions from leading experts who explore the basic concepts of optical materials and the many typical applications in which they are used. An invaluable reference for readers ranging from professionals to technical managers to graduate engineering students, this book covers everything from traditional principles to more cutting-edge topics. It also details recent developmental trends, with a focus on basic optical properties of material. Key topics include: Fundamental optical properties of solids Fundamental optical materials (including thin films) from both linear and nonlinear perspectives Use of bulk materials in the design of various modifications Application of optical thin films in artificial components Formation of artificial structures with sub-wavelength dimensions Use of physical or chemical techniques to control lightwave phase One-, two-, and three-dimensional structures used to control dispersion of materials for nanophotonics Progress of the optical waveguide, which makes optical systems more compact and highly efficient This book carefully balances coverage of theory and application of typical optical materials for ultraviolet, visible and infrared, non-linear optics, solid state lasers, optical waveguides, optical thin films and nanophotonics. It addresses both basic ideas and more advanced topics, making it an equally invaluable resource for beginners and active researchers in this growing field.

This book presents select proceedings of the Virtual International Conference on Futuristic Communication and Network Technologies (VICFCNT 2021). It covers various domains in communication engineering and networking technologies. This volume comprises recent research in areas like cyber-physical systems, acoustics, speech & video signal processing, and IoT. This book is a collated work of academicians, researchers, and industry personnel from the international arena. This book will be useful for researchers, professionals, and engineers working in the core areas of electronics and communication.

From officially sanctioned, high-tech operations to budget spy cameras and cell phone video, this updated and expanded edition of a bestselling handbook reflects the rapid and significant growth of the surveillance industry. The Handbook of Surveillance Technologies, Third Edition is the only comprehensive work to chronicle the background and current applications of the full-range of surveillance technologies-offering the latest in surveillance and privacy issues. Cutting-Edge-updates its bestselling predecessor with discussions on social media, GPS circuits in cell phones and PDAs, new GIS systems, Google street-viewing technology, satellite surveillance, sonar and biometric surveillance systems, and emerging developments Comprehensive-from sonar and biometric surveillance systems to satellites, it describes spy devices, legislation, and privacy issues-from their historical origins to current applications-including recent controversies and changes in the structure of the intelligence community at home and abroad Modular-chapters can be read in any order-browse as a professional reference on an as-needed basis-or use as a text forSurveillance Studies courses Using a narrative style and more than 950 illustrations, this handbook will help journalists/newscasters, privacy organizations, and civic planners grasp technical aspects while also providing professional-level information for surveillance studies, sociology and political science educators, law enforcement personnel, and forensic trainees. It includes extensive resource information for further study at the end of each chapter. Covers the full spectrum of surveillance systems, including: Radar * Sonar * RF/ID * Satellite * Ultraviolet * Infrared * Biometric * Genetic * Animal * Biochemical * Computer * Wiretapping * Audio * Cryptologic * Chemical * Biological * X-Ray * Magnetic

Tighter regulations of harmful substances such as NOx, CO, heavy metals, particles, emissions from commercial plants and automobiles reflect a growing demand for lowering the anthropogenic burdens on the environment. It is equally important to monitor controlling factors to improve the operation of industrial machinery and plants. Among the many methods for doing this, laser diagnostics stands out. Taking a practical approach, Industrial Applications of Laser Diagnostics discusses how to apply laser diagnostics to engines, gas turbines, thermal and chemical plant systems, and disposal facilities. It also briefly discusses their growing application in biochemical fields.

The book introduces the guidelines for industrial applications of laser diagnostics, briefly describes the main components of laser diagnostics systems, and summarizes application codes of laser diagnostics to industrial systems. The author them discusses laser induced fluorescence, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, spontaneous Raman spectroscopy and CARS, tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy, and time of flight mass spectroscopy. He provides theoretical explanations and complex equations, which are usually main inhibitors, in appendices or indicates them with citations.

Although the diagnostics have been well documented in the scientific literature, and the techniques in journals, the applications have not. And usually these books are comprehensible only to those in this field, not researchers from other fields or from industry. Until now. Incorporating a plethora of real life industrial examples and applications, this text underscores the real potential for these techniques in industrial applications.

Telecommunications have underpinned social interaction and economic activity since the 19th century and have been increasingly reliant on optical fibers since their initial commercial deployment by BT in 1983. Today, mobile phone networks, data centers, and broadband services that facilitate our entertainment, commerce, and increasingly health provision are built on hidden optical fiber networks. However, recently it emerged that the fiber network is beginning to fill up, leading to the talk of a capacity crunch where the capacity still grows but struggles to keep up with the increasing demand. This book, featuring contributions by the suppliers of widely deployed simulation software and academic authors, illustrates the origins of the limited performance of an optical fiber from the engineering, physics, and information theoretic viewpoints. Solutions are then discussed by pioneers in each of the respective fields, with near-term solutions discussed by industrially based authors, and more speculative high-potential solutions discussed by leading academic groups.

A comprehensive presentation of the theory and simulation of optical waveguides and wave propagations in a guided environment, Guided Wave Photonics: Fundamentals and Applications with MATLAB(r) supplies fundamental and advanced understanding of integrated optical devices that are currently employed in modern optical fiber communications systems and photonic signal processing systems. While there are many texts available in this area, none provide the breadth and depth of coverage and computational rigor found in this one.

The author has distilled the information into a very practical, usable format. In a logical progression of theory and application, he starts with Maxwell's equations and progresses directly to optical waveguides (integrated optic and fiber optic), couplers, modulators, nonlinear effects and interactions, and system applications. With up-to-date coverage of applicable algorithms, design guides, material systems, and the latest device and system applications, the book addresses:

• Fundamentals of guiding optical waves, including theoretical and simplified techniques
• Linear and nonlinear aspects of optical waveguiding
• Manipulating lightwaves by coupling and splitting
• Interactions of lightwaves and ultra-fast electrical travelling waves in modern optical modulators
• Applications of guided wave devices in optical communication systems and optical signal processing

Providing fundamental understanding of lightwave guiding and manipulating techniques, the text covers the field of integrated photonics by giving the principles, theoretical and applications. It explains how to solve the optical modes and their coupling as well as how to manipulate lightwaves for applications in communications and signal processing.

The Handbook of Optical and Laser Scanning reveals the fundamentals of controlling light beam deflection, factors in image fidelity and quality, and the newest technological developments currently impacting scanner system design and applications. This highly practical reference features a logical chapter organization, authoritative yet accessible writing, and hundreds of supporting illustrations. Contributions from 27 subject specialists from the United States, Europe, and Asia afford a valuable range of perspectives as well as global coverage of optical and laser beam scanning. With more than 550 works cited, this Handbook is essential for optical engineers, technologists, scientists, and undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines. About the Editor: GERALD F. MARSHALL is a Consultant in Optical Design and Engineering, Niles, Michigan. Specializing in optical scanning and display systems, his extensive experience includes senior positions with Kaiser Electronics, San Jose, California; Energy Conversion Devices, Troy, Michigan; Axsys Technologies (formerly Speedring Systems), Rochester Hills, Michigan; and Medical Lasers, Burlington, Massachusetts. Previously he was engaged as a Senior R&D Engineer for airborne navigational display systems at Ferranti Ltd., Edinburgh, Scotland, and as a Physicist with Morganite International Ltd., London, England. The author of many papers, he holds a number of patents and is the editor of two internationally recognized reference books, Laser Beam Scanning and Optical Scanning (both titles, Marcel Dekker, Inc.). He is a Fellow of The Institute of Physics, the Optical Society of America, and SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering, of which he is a former director. He received the B.Sc. degree from London University, England.

Biomedical optics holds tremendous promise to deliver effective, safe, non- or minimally invasive diagnostics and targeted, customizable therapeutics. Handbook of Biomedical Optics provides an in-depth treatment of the field, including coverage of applications for biomedical research, diagnosis, and therapy. It introduces the theory and fundamentals of each subject, ensuring accessibility to a wide multidisciplinary readership. It also offers a view of the state of the art and discusses advantages and disadvantages of various techniques. Organized into six sections, this handbook: Contains introductory material on optics and the optical properties of tissue Describes the various forms of spectroscopy and its applications in medicine and biology, including methods that exploit intrinsic absorption and scattering contrast; dynamic contrast; and fluorescence and Raman contrast mechanisms Provides extensive coverage of tomography from the microscopic (optical coherence tomography) to the macroscopic (diffuse optical tomography) to photoacoustic tomography Discusses cutting-edge translations to biomedical applications in both basic sciences and clinical studies Details molecular imaging and molecular probe development Highlights the use of light in disease and injury treatment The breadth and depth of multidisciplinary knowledge in biomedical optics has been expanding continuously and exponentially, thus underscoring the lack of a single source to serve as a reference and teaching tool for scientists in related fields. Handbook of Biomedical Optics addresses this need, offering the most complete up-to-date overview of the field for researchers and students alike.

The domains of Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning have experienced exceptional interest and growth, however the overwhelming number of methods and applications can make the fields seem bewildering. This text offers an accessible and conceptually rich introduction, a solid mathematical development emphasizing simplicity and intuition. Students beginning to explore pattern recognition do not need a suite of mathematically advanced methods or complicated computational libraries to understand and appreciate pattern recognition; rather the fundamental concepts and insights, eminently teachable at the undergraduate level, motivate this text. This book provides methods of analysis that the reader can realistically undertake on their own, supported by real-world examples, case-studies, and worked numerical / computational studies.

As more images and videos are becoming available in compressed formats, researchers have begun designing algorithms for different image operations directly in their domains of representation, leading to faster computation and lower buffer requirements. Image and Video Processing in the Compressed Domain presents the fundamentals, properties, and applications of a variety of image transforms used in image and video compression. It illustrates the development of algorithms for processing images and videos in the compressed domain. Developing concepts from first principles, the book introduces popular image and video compression algorithms, in particular JPEG, JPEG2000, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, and H.264 standards. It also explores compressed domain analysis and performance metrics for comparing algorithms. The author then elucidates the definitions and properties of the discrete Fourier transform (DFT), discrete cosine transform (DCT), integer cosine transform (ICT), and discrete wavelet transform (DWT). In the subsequent chapters, the author discusses core operations, such as image filtering, color enhancement, image resizing, and transcoding of images and videos, that are used in various image and video analysis approaches. He also focuses on other facets of compressed domain analysis, including video editing operations, video indexing, and image and video steganography and watermarking. With MATLAB (R) codes on an accompanying CD-ROM, this book takes you through the steps involved in processing and analyzing compressed videos and images. It covers the algorithms, standards, and techniques used for coding images and videos in compressed formats.

Laser techniques offer possibilities for the examination and conservation of artwork, and for the prevention of cultural heritage. This collection of peer reviewed papers from the 8th International Conference on Lasers in the Conservation of Artworks, Sibiu, Romania, September 21-25, 2009, addresses various aspects of cultural heritage preservation (laser induced phenomenas, laser investigations and recent laboratory studies and onsite applications).

The main topics include:

Innovative approaches in laser cleaning researches and instrumentation development;

Laser investigation and diagnostics methods;

Monitoring, imaging and documentation of artwork.

Lasers in the Conservation of Artworks VIII will appeal to laser scientists, conservation scientists, scientists in the field of optoelectronics, chemistry, IT and biology, conservators-restorers, architects, art historians, archaeologists, and decision makers in the field of conservation and restoration of artworks.

Metal Oxides for Optoelectronics and Optics-based Medical Applications reviews recent advances in metal oxides and their mechanisms for optoelectronic, photoluminescent and medical applications. In addition, the book examines the integration of key chemistry concepts with nanoelectronics that can improve performance in a diverse range of applications. Sections place a strong emphasis on synthesis processes that can improve the metal oxides' physical properties and the reflected surface chemical changes that can impact their performance in various devices like light-emitting diodes, luminescence materials, solar cells, etc. Finally, the book discusses the challenges associated with the handling and maintenance of metal oxides crystalline properties. This book will be suitable for academics and those working in R&D in industry looking to learn more about cheaper and more effective methods to produce metal oxides for use in the fields of electronics, photonics, biophotonics and engineering.

With the exponential increase in computing power and broad proliferation of digital cameras, super-resolution imaging is poised to become the next "killer app." The growing interest in this technology has manifested itself in an explosion of literature on the subject. Super-Resolution Imaging consolidates key recent research contributions from eminent scholars and practitioners in this area and serves as a starting point for exploration into the state of the art in the field. It describes the latest in both theoretical and practical aspects of direct relevance to academia and industry, providing a base of understanding for future progress.

Features downloadable tools to supplement material found in the book

Recent advances in camera sensor technology have led to an increasingly larger number of pixels being crammed into ever-smaller spaces. This has resulted in an overall decline in the visual quality of recorded content, necessitating improvement of images through the use of post-processing. Providing a snapshot of the cutting edge in super-resolution imaging, this book focuses on methods and techniques to improve images and video beyond the capabilities of the sensors that acquired them. It covers:

• History and future directions of super-resolution imaging
• Locally adaptive processing methods versus globally optimal methods
• Modern techniques for motion estimation
• How to integrate robustness
• Bayesian statistical approaches
• Learning-based methods
• Applications in remote sensing and medicine
• Practical implementations and commercial products based on super-resolution

The book concludes by concentrating on multidisciplinary applications of super-resolution for a variety of fields. It covers a wide range of super-resolution imaging implementation techniques, including variational, feature-based, multi-channel, learning-based, locally adaptive, and nonparametric methods. This versatile book can be used as the basis for short courses for engineers and scientists, or as part of graduate-level courses in image processing.

Structural health monitoring (SHM) uses one or more in situ sensing systems placed in or around a structure, providing real-time evaluation of its performance and ultimately preventing structural failure. Although most commonly used in civil engineering, such as in roads, bridges, and dams, SHM is now finding applications in other engineering environments, such as naval and aerospace engineering. Written by a highly respected expert in the field, Structural Sensing, Health Monitoring, and Performance Evaluation provides the first comprehensive coverage of SHM. The text begins with a review of the various types of sensors currently used in SHM, including point sensors and noncontact systems. Subsequent chapters explain the processing and interpretation of data from a number of sensors working in parallel. After considering issues related to the structures themselves, the author surveys the design of a tailor-made SHM system. He also presents a collection of case studies, many of which are drawn from his own experiences. Exploring the power of sensors, this book shows how SHM technologies can be applied to a variety of structures and systems, including multistory buildings, offshore wind energy plants, and ecological systems.

This proceeding is a collection of selected papers presented at Symposium O of Compound Semiconductor Photonics in the International Conference on Materials for Advanced Technology (ICMAT), which was held in Singapore from 28 June to 3 July 2009. The symposium covers a wide range of topics from fundamental semiconductor materials study to photonic device fabrication and application. The papers collected are of recent progress in the active and wide range of semiconductor photonics research. They include materials-related papers on III-As/P, III-nitride, quantum dot/wire/dash growth, ZnO, and chalcogenide, and devices-related papers on photonic crystals, VCSEL, quantum dot/dash lasers, LEDs, waveguides, solar cells and heterogeneous integration.

As different laser technologies continue to make it possible to change laser parameters and improve beam quality and performance, a multidisciplinary theoretical knowledge and grasp of cutting-edge technological developments also become increasingly important. The revised and updated Laser Technology, Second Edition reviews the principles and basic physical laws of lasers needed to learn from past developments and solve the many technical problems arising in this challenging field.

The first edition of Laser Technology was classified by the Chinese National Education Committee as a "national-level key textbook." This updated second edition logically presents the various types of laser technology currently available and discusses the transmission of information using optical waves with modulating technology. It assesses how to enhance beam energy or power through Q switching, mode-locking, and amplification, and it illustrates how mode selection and frequency stabilizing technology can improve light beam directionality or monochromaticity. The text also covers nonlinear optical techniques for obtaining new frequencies and light waves.

Features Self-Contained, Independent Chapters for Flexible Use

The author presents the fundamentals of physical effects in technical devices and implementation methods to create a clear and systematic understanding of the physical processes of different laser technologies.

Technical improvements to enhance laser performance in different applications have given rise to new physical phenomena. These have resulted in a series of new laser branches and fields of applied technologies, such as laser physics, nonlinear optics, laser spectroscopy, laser medicine, and information optoelectronic technology. This book analyzes this growth, stressing basic principles but also including key technical methods and examples where needed to properly combine practical and theoretical coverage of this distinct area.

From design and simulation through to testing and fabrication, this hands-on introduction to silicon photonics engineering equips students with everything they need to begin creating foundry-ready designs. In-depth discussion of real-world issues and fabrication challenges ensures that students are fully equipped for careers in industry. Step-by-step tutorials, straightforward examples, and illustrative source code fragments guide students through every aspect of the design process, providing a practical framework for developing and refining key skills. Offering industry-ready expertise, the text supports existing PDKs for CMOS UV-lithography foundry services (OpSIS, ePIXfab, imec, LETI, IME and CMC) and the development of new kits for proprietary processes and clean-room based research. Accompanied by additional online resources to support students, this is the perfect learning package for senior undergraduate and graduate students studying silicon photonics design, and academic and industrial researchers involved in the development and manufacture of new silicon photonics systems.

AAssembling an international team of experts, this book reports on the progress in the rapidly growing field of monolithic micro- and nano-resonators. The book opens with a chapter on photonic crystal-based resonators (nanocavities). It goes on to describe resonators in which the closed trajectories of light are supported by any variety of total internal reflection in curved and polygonal transparent dielectric structures. The book also covers distributed feedback microresonators for slow light, controllable dispersion, and enhanced nonlinearity. A portion of coverage is dedicated to the unique properties of resonators, which are extremely efficient tools when conducting multiple applications. A

Organized as a mini-encyclopedia of infrared optoelectronic applications, this long awaited new edition of an industry standard updates and expands on the groundbreaking work of its predecessor. Pioneering experts, responsible for many advancements in the field, provide engineers with a fundamental understanding of semiconductor physics and the technical information needed to design infrared optoelectronic devices.

Fully revised to reflect current developments in the field, Optoelectronics: Infrared-Visible-Ultraviolet Devices and Applications, Second Edition reviews relevant semiconductor fundamentals, including device physics, from an optoelectronic industry perspective. This easy-reading text provides a practical engineering introduction to optoelectronic LEDs and silicon sensor technology for the infrared, visible, and ultraviolet portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Utilizing a practical and efficient engineering approach throughout, the text supplies design engineers and technical management with quick and uncluttered access to the technical information needed to design new systems.

Industrial Tomography: Systems and Applications, Second Edition thoroughly explores the important techniques of industrial tomography, also discusses image reconstruction, systems, and applications. This book presents complex processes, including the way three-dimensional imaging is used to create multiple cross-sections, and how computer software helps monitor flows, filtering, mixing, drying processes, and chemical reactions inside vessels and pipelines. This book is suitable for materials scientists and engineers and applied physicists working in the photonics and optoelectronics industry or in the applications industries.

Explaining the chromatic methodology for the intelligent monitoring of complex systems, Chromatic Monitoring of Complex Conditions demonstrates that chromatic processing is analogous to human vision yet also extends into a wide range of nonoptical domains.

Taking a practical approach that utilizes many examples and graphs, the book presents the origin and methodology of chromaticity, before delving into the various applications of chromatic methods. It first describes characteristics of chromatic systems and chromatic processing algorithms, such as "H," "S," "V "transformation and basic "x," "y," "z "algorithms. The book then discusses the areas in which chromatic monitoring can be deployed, including electrical plasmas, industrial liquids, broadband interferometry and polarimetry, biological tissues and fluids, the environment, and acoustical and vibration signals.

With contributions from international authorities in the field, this volume shows how chromatic analysis is useful for investigating diverse complex systems and for processing large amounts of information about system behavior, from direct physical parameters to holistic system overviews. By covering the broad capabilities of the methodology, it provides the basis for adapting chromatic techniques in future work.

The importance of photonics in science and engineering is widely recognized and will continue to increase through the foreseeable future. In particular, applications in telecommunications, medicine, astronomy, industrial sensing, optical computing and signal processing continue to become more diverse.

Essentials of Photonics, Second Edition describes the entire range of photonic principles and techniques in detail. Previously named Essentials of Optoelectronics, this newly named second edition of a bestseller felects changes that have occurred in this field. The book presents a new approach that concentrates on the physical principbestles, demonstrating their interdependence, and developing them to explain more complex phenomena. It gives insight into the underlying physical processes in a way that is readable and easy to follow, as well as entirely self-contained.

Written by an author with many years of experience in teaching and research, this book includes a detailed treatment of lasers, waveguides (including optical fibres), modulators, detectors, non-linear optics and optical signal processing. This new edition is brought up-to-date with additional sections on photonic crystal fibres, distributed optical-fibre sensing, and the latest developments in optical-fibre communications.