This book systematically introduces readers to laser imaging target detection principles and techniques. It covers the fundamentals of laser imaging and presents an extensive, up-to-date analysis of how to best use laser imaging to detect targets. This is followed by a comprehensive discussion of laser imaging target detection principles, laser imaging generation, and target detection methods. The book offers an invaluable resource for researchers, especially those who are engaged in the fields including target detection based on a laser imaging system, target detection and identification, remote sensing imaging and image processing. Additionally, it can be used as a reference book for advanced undergraduates and postgraduates of relevant majors.

This book fills in details that are often left out of modern books on the theory of antennas. The starting point is a discussion of some general principles that apply to all electronic systems and to antennas in particular. Just as time domain functions can be expanded in terms of sine waves using Fourier transforms, spatial domain functions can be expanded in terms of plane waves also using Fourier transforms, and K-space gain is the spatial Fourier transform of the aperture weighting function. Other topics discussed include the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) formulation of antenna gain and what is missing in this formulation, the effect of sky temperature on the often specified G/T ratio of antennas, sidelobe control using conventional and novel techniques, and ESA digital beamforming versus adaptive processing to limit interference. Presents content the author derived when first asked to evaluate the performance of an electronically scanned array under design with manufacturing imperfections and design limitations; Enables readers to understand the firm theoretical foundation of antenna gain even when they must start from well-known formulations rather than first principles; Explains in a straightforward manner the relationship between antenna gain and aperture area; Discusses the relationship between sidelobe control algorithms and aperture shape, how to take advantage of it, and what the penalties are; Shows the equivalence of Minimum-Variance, Distortionless Response (MVDR) and Space-Time Adaptive Processing (STAP) and how these algorithms can be used with ESA subarrays to mitigate interference.

This book offers a holistic framework to study behavior and evolutionary dynamics in large-scale, decentralized, and heterogeneous crowd networks. In the emerging crowd cyber-ecosystems, millions of deeply connected individuals, smart devices, government agencies, and enterprises actively interact with each other and influence each other's decisions. It is crucial to understand such intelligent entities' behaviors and to study their strategic interactions in order to provide important guidelines on the design of reliable networks capable of predicting and preventing detrimental events with negative impacts on our society and economy. This book reviews the fundamental methodologies to study user interactions and evolutionary dynamics in crowd networks and discusses recent advances in this emerging interdisciplinary research field. Using information diffusion over social networks as an example, it presents a thorough investigation of the impact of user behavior on the network evolution process and demonstrates how this can help improve network performance. Intended for graduate students and researchers from various disciplines, including but not limited to, data science, networking, signal processing, complex systems, and economics, the book encourages researchers in related research fields to explore the many untouched areas in this domain, and ultimately to design crowd networks with efficient, effective, and reliable services.

Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics, Volume 204, merges two long-running serials, Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics and Advances in Optical and Electron Microscopy. The series features extended articles on the physics of electron devices (especially semiconductor devices), particle optics at high and low energies, microlithography, image science, and digital image processing, electromagnetic wave propagation, electron microscopy, and the computing methods used in all these domains.

This book includes a selection of peer-reviewed papers presented at the 10th China Academic Conference on Printing and Packaging, which was held in Xi'an, China, on November 14-17, 2019. The conference was jointly organized by the China Academy of Printing Technology, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, and Shaanxi University of Science and Technology. With 9 keynote talks and 118 papers on graphic communication and packaging technologies, the conference attracted more than 300 scientists. The proceedings cover the latest findings in a broad range of areas, including color science and technology, image processing technology, digital media technology, mechanical and electronic engineering, Information Engineering and Artificial Intelligence Technology, materials and detection, digital process management technology in printing and packaging, and other technologies. As such, the book appeals to university researchers, R&D engineers and graduate students in the graphic arts, packaging, color science, image science, material science, computer science, digital media, and network technology.

This book highlights the latest research presented at the International Conference on Translational Medicine and Imaging (ICTMI) 2017. This event brought together the world's leading scientists, engineers and clinicians from a wide range of disciplines in the field of medical imaging. Bioimaging has continued to evolve across a wide spectrum of applications from diagnostics and personalized therapy to the mechanistic understanding of biological processes, and as a result there is ever-increasing demand for more robust methods and their integration with clinical and molecular data. This book presents a number of these methods.

Advances in Laser Materials Processing: Technology, Research and Application, Second Edition, provides a revised, updated and expanded overview of the area, covering fundamental theory, technology and methods, traditional and emerging applications and potential future directions. The book begins with an overview of the technology and challenges to applying the technology in manufacturing. Parts Two thru Seven focus on essential techniques and process, including cutting, welding, annealing, hardening and peening, surface treatments, coating and materials deposition. The final part of the book considers the mathematical modeling and control of laser processes. Throughout, chapters review the scientific theory underpinning applications, offer full appraisals of the processes described and review potential future trends.

This book discusses some research results for CMOS-compatible silicon-based optical devices and interconnections. With accurate simulation and experimental demonstration, it provides insights on silicon-based modulation, advanced multiplexing, polarization and efficient coupling controlling technologies, which are widely used in silicon photonics. Researchers, scientists, engineers and especially students in the field of silicon photonics can benefit from the book. This book provides valuable knowledge, useful methods and practical design that can be considered in emerging silicon-based optical interconnections and communications. And it also give some guidance to student how to organize and complete an good dissertation.

This book gathers selected papers presented at 3rd International Conference on Communication and Computational Technologies (ICCCT 2021), jointly organized in virtual format by Rajasthan Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jaipur and Rajasthan Technical University Kota in association with Soft Computing Research Society, during 27-28 February 2021. The volume is a collection of state-of-the-art research work in the cutting-edge technologies related to communication and intelligent systems. The topics covered are algorithms and applications of intelligent systems, informatics and applications, and communication and control systems.

This book presents some of the latest achievements in nanotechnology and nanomaterials from leading researchers in Ukraine, Europe, and beyond. It features selected peer-reviewed contributions from participants in the 5th International Science and Practice Conference Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials (NANO2017) held in Chernivtsi, Ukraine on August 23-26, 2017. The International Conference was organized jointly by the Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv (Ukraine), University of Tartu (Estonia), University of Turin (Italy), and Pierre and Marie Curie University (France). Internationally recognized experts from a wide range of universities and research institutions share their knowledge and key results on topics ranging from nanooptics and nanoplasmonics to interface studies. This book's companion volume also addresses topics such as energy storage and biomedical applications.

This book presents selected papers from the 2021 International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ICEEE 2020), held on January 2-3, 2021. The book focuses on the current developments in various fields of electrical and electronics engineering, such as power generation, transmission and distribution; renewable energy sources and technologies; power electronics and applications; robotics; artificial intelligence and IoT; control, automation and instrumentation; electronics devices, circuits and systems; wireless and optical communication; RF and microwaves; VLSI; and signal processing. The book is a valuable resource for academics and industry professionals alike.

This book presents a technology to help speech-, hearing- and sight-impaired people. It explains how they will benefit from an enhancement in their ability to recognize and produce speech or to detect sounds in their surroundings. Additionally, it is considered how sound-based assistive technology might be applied to the areas of speech recognition, speech synthesis, environmental recognition, virtual reality and robots. The primary focus of this book is to provide an understanding of both the methodology and basic concepts of assistive technology rather than listing the variety of assistive devices developed. This book presents a number of different topics which are sufficiently independent from one another that the reader may begin at any chapter without lacking background information. Much of the research quoted in this book was conducted in the author's laboratories at Hokkaido University and University of Tokyo. This book offers the reader a better understanding of a number of unsolved problems that still persist in the field of sound-based assistive technology.

This book proposes a general methodology to introduce Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) integrity, starting from a rigorous mathematical description of the problem. It highlights the major issues that designers need to resolve during the development of GNSS-based systems requiring a certain level of confidence on the position estimates. Although it follows a general approach, the final chapters focus on the application of GNSS integrity to rail transportation, as an example. By describing the main requirements in the context of train position function, one of which is the safe function of any train control system, it shows the critical issues associated with the concept of safe position integrity. In particular, one case study clarifies the key differences between the avionic domain and the railway domain related to the application of GNSS technologies, and identifies a number of railway-signaling hazards linked with the use of such technology. Furthermore, it describes various railway-signaling techniques to mitigate such hazards to prepare readers for the future evolution of train control systems, also based on the GNSS technology. This unique book offers a valuable reference guide for engineers and researchers in the fields of satellite navigation and rail transportation.

The book focuses on fractal control and applications in various fields. Fractal phenomena occur in nonlinear models, and since the behaviors depicted by fractals need to be controlled in practical applications, an understanding of fractal control is necessary. This book introduces readers to Julia set fractals and Mandelbrot set fractals in a range of models, such as physical systems, biological systems and SIRS models, and discusses controllers designed to control these fractals. Further, it demonstrates how the fractal dimension can be calculated in order to describe the complexity of various systems.Offering a comprehensive and systematic overview of the practical issues in fractal control, this book is a valuable resource for readers interested in practical solutions in fractal control. It will also appeal to researchers, engineers, and graduate students in fields of fractal control and applications, as well as chaos control and applications.

This book presents current trends that are dominating technology and society, including privacy, high performance computing in the cloud, networking and IoT, and bioinformatics. By providing chapters detailing accessible descriptions of the research frontiers in each of these domains, the reader is provided with a unique understanding of what is currently feasible. Readers are also given a vision of what these technologies can be expected to produce in the near future. The topics are covered comprehensively by experts in respective areas. Each section includes an overview that puts the research topics in perspective and integrates the sections into an overview of how technology is evolving. The book represents the proceedings of the International Symposium on Sensor Networks, Systems and Security, August 31 - September 2, 2017, Lakeland Florida.

This book presents recent research on the hybridization of intelligent methods, which refers to combining methods to solve complex problems. It discusses hybrid approaches covering different areas of intelligent methods and technologies, such as neural networks, swarm intelligence, machine learning, reinforcement learning, deep learning, agent-based approaches, knowledge-based system and image processing. The book includes extended and revised versions of invited papers presented at the 6th International Workshop on Combinations of Intelligent Methods and Applications (CIMA 2016), held in The Hague, Holland, in August 2016. The book is intended for researchers and practitioners from academia and industry interested in using hybrid methods for solving complex problems.

This book computes the first- and second-order derivative matrices of skew ray and optical path length, while also providing an important mathematical tool for automatic optical design. This book consists of three parts. Part One reviews the basic theories of skew-ray tracing, paraxial optics and primary aberrations - essential reading that lays the foundation for the modeling work presented in the rest of this book. Part Two derives the Jacobian matrices of a ray and its optical path length. Although this issue is also addressed in other publications, they generally fail to consider all of the variables of a non-axially symmetrical system. The modeling work thus provides a more robust framework for the analysis and design of non-axially symmetrical systems such as prisms and head-up displays. Lastly, Part Three proposes a computational scheme for deriving the Hessian matrices of a ray and its optical path length, offering an effective means of determining an appropriate search direction when tuning the system variables in the system design process.

This book presents design methods and considerations for digitally-assisted wideband millimeter-wave transmitters. It addresses comprehensively both RF design and digital implementation simultaneously, in order to design energy- and cost-efficient high-performance transmitters for mm-wave high-speed communications. It covers the complete design flow, from link budget assessment to the transistor-level design of different RF front-end blocks, such as mixers and power amplifiers, presenting different alternatives and discussing the existing trade-offs. The authors also analyze the effect of the imperfections of these blocks in the overall performance, while describing techniques to correct and compensate for them digitally. Well-known techniques are revisited, and some new ones are described, giving examples of their applications and proving them in real integrated circuits.

This book addresses the nature of sound, focusing on the characteristics of sound waves in the context of time structures. This time domain approach provides an informative and intuitively understandable description of various acoustic topics such as sound waves travelling in an acoustic tube or in other media where spectral or modal analysis can be intensively performed. Starting from the introductory topic of sinusoidal waves, it discusses the formal relationship between the time and frequency domains, summarizing the fundamental notions of Fourier or z-transformations and linear systems theory, along with interesting examples from acoustical research. The books novel approach is of interest to research engineers and scientists In particular, the expressions concerning waveforms including the impulse responses are important for audio engineers who are familiar with digital signal analysis. Every chapter includes simple exercises designed to be solved without the need for a computer. Thus they help reconfirm the fundamental ideas and notions present in every chapter. The book is self-contained and concise, and requires only basic knowledge of acoustics and signal processing, making it valuable as a textbook for graduate and undergraduate university courses.

This textbook provides materials for an introductory course in Engineering Acoustics for students with a basic knowledge of mathematics. The contents are based on extensive teaching experience at the graduate level. Each of the 14 main chapters deals with a well-defined topic and represents the material for a two-hour lecture. The chapters alternate between more theoretical and more application-oriented concepts. The presentation is organized to be suitable for self-study as well. For this third edition, the complete text and many figures have been revised. Several current amendments take account of advancements in the field. Further, a completely new chapter has been added which presents approaches and solutions to all assigned exercise problems. The new chapter offers the opportunity to explore the underlying theoretical background in more detail. However, the study of the problems and their proposed solutions is no prerequisite for comprehending the material presented in the book's lecture part.

Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics, Volume 200, the latest release in a series that merges two long-running serials, Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics and Advances in Optical and Electron Microscopy features extended articles on the physics of electron devices (especially semiconductor devices), particle optics at high and low energies, microlithography, image science, digital image processing, electromagnetic wave propagation, electron microscopy, and computing methods. Topics in this latest release include Past and Present Attempts to Attain the Resolution Limit of the Transmission Electron Microscope, Phase Plates for Transmission Electron Microscopy, and X-Ray Lasers in Biology: Structure and Dynamics.

Resonator Designs for High Brightness Solid-State Lasers; G. Cerullo et al. Defining and Measuring Laser Beam Quality; A.E. Siegman. Model-Locked Solid-State Lasers; A.I. Ferguson, G.P.A. Malcolm. High Power Rod, Slab, and Tube Lasers; U. Wittrock. Solid-State Laser Materials; G. Huber. Quantum Confined Semiconductor Lasers; R. Cingolani. Diode Pumped Solid-State Lasers; R.L. Byer. Generation of Visible Light with Diode Pumped Solid-State Lasers; K.J. Boller, et al. High Power Diode Lasers; C. Hanke. Efficient Narrowband Optical Parametric Oscillators of Beta-Barium-Borate and Lithium-Triborate; A. Fix, et al. Travelling Wave Parametric Generation of Highly Coherent Femtosecond Pulses Tunable from 750 to 3000 nm; G.P. Banfi, et al. Frequency Conversion of PS-Pulses; R. Beigang, A. Nebel. Quasi-Three-Level Lasers; T.Y. Fan. Er, Tm, Ho; P. Minguzzi, et al. 9 additional articles. Index.

This book provides information regarding spectrum sharing between wireless systems, motivated by emerging new technologies. Readers will benefit from information about how to conduct research on the interference mitigation between IMT-Advanced and FSS. The author presents a deterministic analysis for interference to noise ratio (I/N), adjacent channel interference ratio (ACIR), field strength, and path loss propagation, in order to determine the separation distances in the co-channel interference (CCI) and adjacent channel Interference (ACI) scenarios. An analytical model is discussed, for the shielding mitigation technique based on the deterministic analysis of the propagation model. The shielding technique has been developed based on test bed measurements for evaluating the attenuation of the proposed materials. Matlab (TM) and Transfinite Visualyse Pro (TM) have been used as simulation tools for the verification of the obtained results, whereas the IMT-Advanced parameters have been represented by Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) 802.16e.

The book presents selected papers at the 8th Conference on Sound and Music Technology (CSMT) held in November 2020, at Taiyuan, Shanxi, China. CSMT is a multidisciplinary conference focusing on audio processing and understanding with bias on music and acoustic signals. The primary aim of the conference is to promote the collaboration between art society and technical society in China. In this proceeding, the paper included covers a wide range topic from speech, signal processing, music understanding, machine learning and signal processing for advanced medical diagnosis and treatment applications; which demonstrates the target of CSMT merging arts and science research together.its content caters to scholars, researchers, engineers, artists, and education practitioners not only from academia but also industry, who are interested in audio/acoustics analysis signal processing, music, sound, and artificial intelligence (AI).