Blind image deconvolution is constantly receiving increasing attention from the academic as well the industrial world due to both its theoretical and practical implications. The field of blind image deconvolution has several applications in different areas such as image restoration, microscopy, medical imaging, biological imaging, remote sensing, astronomy, nondestructive testing, geophysical prospecting, and many others. Blind Image Deconvolution: Theory and Applications surveys the current state of research and practice as presented by the most recognized experts in the field, thus filling a gap in the available literature on blind image deconvolution. Explore the gamut of blind image deconvolution approaches and algorithms that currently exist and follow the current research trends into the future. This comprehensive treatise discusses Bayesian techniques, single- and multi-channel methods, adaptive and multi-frame techniques, and a host of applications to multimedia processing, astronomy, remote sensing imagery, and medical and biological imaging at the whole-body, small-part, and cellular levels. Everything you need to step into this dynamic field is at your fingertips in this unique, self-contained masterwork. For image enhancement and restoration without a priori information, turn to Blind Image Deconvolution: Theory and Applications for the knowledge and techniques you need to tackle real-world problems.

Fourier analysis is one of the most important concepts when you apply physical ideas to engineering issues. This book provides a comprehensive understanding of Fourier transform and spectral analysis in optics, image processing, and signal processing. Written by a world renowned author, this book looks to unify the readers understanding of principles of optics, information processing and measurement. This book describes optical imaging systems through a linear system theory. The book also provides an easy understanding of Fourier transform and system theory in optics. It also provides background of optical measurement and signal processing. Finally, the author also provides a systematic approach to learning many signal processing techniques in optics. The book is intended for researchers, industry professionals, and graduate level students in optics and information processing.

Recently developed organic photovoltaics (OPVs) show distinct advantages over their inorganic counterparts due to their lighter weight, flexible shape, versatile materials synthesis and device fabrication schemes, and low cost in large-scale industrial production. Although many books currently exist on general concepts of PV and inorganic PV materials and devices, few are available that offer a comprehensive overview of recently fast developing organic and polymeric PV materials and devices.

Organic Photovoltaics: Mechanisms, Materials, and Devices fills this gap. The book provides an international perspective on the latest research in this rapidly expanding field with contributions from top experts around the world. It presents a unified approach comprising three sections: General Overviews; Mechanisms and Modeling; and Materials and Devices. Discussions include sunlight capture, exciton diffusion and dissociation, interface properties, charge recombination and migration, and a variety of currently developing OPV materials/devices. The book also includes two forewords: one by Nobel Laureate Dr. Alan J. Heeger, and the other by Drs. Aloysius Hepp and Sheila Bailey of NASA Glenn Research Center.

Organic Photovoltaics equips students, researchers, and engineers with knowledge of the mechanisms, materials, devices, and applications of OPVs necessary to develop cheaper, lighter, and cleaner renewable energy throughout the coming decades.

Digital image sequences (including digital video) are increasingly common and important components in technical applications ranging from medical imaging and multimedia communications to autonomous vehicle navigation. The immense popularity of DVD video and the introduction of digital television make digital video ubiquitous in the consumer domain. Digital Image Sequence Processing, Compression, and Analysis provides an overview of the current state of the field, as analyzed by leading researchers. An invaluable resource for planning and conducting research in this area, the book conveys a unified view of potential directions for further industrial development. It offers an in-depth treatment of the latest perspectives on processing, compression, and analysis of digital image sequences. Research involving digital image sequences remains extremely active. The advent of economical sequence acquisition, storage, and display devices, together with the availability of computing power, opens new areas of opportunity. This volume delivers the background necessary to understand the strengths and weaknesses of current techniques and the directions that consumer and technical applications may take over the coming decade.

Covering both underlying theory and practical applications, Laser Safety provides a unique and readily-understandable review of current laser safety. This resource explains in detail the biological effects of laser radiation, particularly on the eye, and the provisions and requirements of the international laser safety standard IEC 60825-1, including a full description of the recently revised system of laser classification. It elucidates the rationale for the often-complex laser emission and exposure limits given in the standard, and provides detailed guidance for using the standard to carry out quantitative laser assessments. The authors also discuss practical issues of risk assessment, safety controls, eye protection, and laser safety management. This practical and comprehensive handbook will be useful for anyone involved in laser safety, including academic and medical researchers, laser manufacturers, and compliance officers.

This comprehensive and self-contained text presents the fundamentals of optical imaging from the viewpoint of both ray and wave optics, within a single volume. Comprising three distinct parts, it opens with an introduction to electromagnetic theory, including electromagnetic diffraction problems and how they can be solved with the aid of standard numerical methods such as RCWA or FDTD. The second part is devoted to the basic theory of geometrical optics and the study of optical aberrations inherent in imaging systems, including large-scale telescopes and high-resolution projection lenses. A detailed overview of state-of-the-art optical system design provides readers with the necessary tools to successfully use commercial optical design software. The final part explores diffraction theory and concludes with vectorial wave propagation, image formation and image detection in high-aperture imaging systems. The wide-ranging perspective of this important book provides researchers and professionals with a comprehensive and rigorous treatise on the theoretical and applied aspects of optical imaging.

As more images and videos are becoming available in compressed formats, researchers have begun designing algorithms for different image operations directly in their domains of representation, leading to faster computation and lower buffer requirements. Image and Video Processing in the Compressed Domain presents the fundamentals, properties, and applications of a variety of image transforms used in image and video compression. It illustrates the development of algorithms for processing images and videos in the compressed domain. Developing concepts from first principles, the book introduces popular image and video compression algorithms, in particular JPEG, JPEG2000, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, and H.264 standards. It also explores compressed domain analysis and performance metrics for comparing algorithms. The author then elucidates the definitions and properties of the discrete Fourier transform (DFT), discrete cosine transform (DCT), integer cosine transform (ICT), and discrete wavelet transform (DWT). In the subsequent chapters, the author discusses core operations, such as image filtering, color enhancement, image resizing, and transcoding of images and videos, that are used in various image and video analysis approaches. He also focuses on other facets of compressed domain analysis, including video editing operations, video indexing, and image and video steganography and watermarking. With MATLAB (R) codes available as a download from the CRC Press website, this book takes you through the steps involved in processing and analyzing compressed videos and images. It covers the algorithms, standards, and techniques used for coding images and videos in compressed formats.

Provides clear explanations of physical concepts supporting the field of fiber lasers Covers fiber laser manufacturing Analyzes fiber lasers characteristics theoretically through simulations derived from numerical models Describes the simulation of fiber laser system and proposes numerical modelling of various fiber laser schemes MATLAB files are included to provide a basic grounding in the simulation of fiber laser systems

Fiber Optic Video Transmission: The Complete Guide is the only comprehensive reference to the techniques and hardware required to transmit video signals over optical fiber. As the broadcast industry moves to HDTV and enhanced television standards become the norm, fiber will become the medium of choice for video transmission, and this book is the essential guide to transmitting video over fiber optic cables.
From the most basic video signal to complex multi-channel high definition video, this book details the methods of encoding video signals (including AM, FM, and digital encoding), the advantages and disadvantages of all encoding methods, and the expected performance of each method. A discussion of the the fiber optic components - such as lasers, LEDs, detectors, connectors, and other components - that are best for video transmission applications is also included. A glossary of terms, appendices of standards and publications, and a complete index round out this comprehensive guide.
*A detailed guide to the techniques and hardware required to transmit video over optical fiber
*Covers broad range of applications: cable T.V., studio-to-studio transmissions, medical imaging, distance learning, security and surveillance, and intelligent traffic systems

Understanding Laser Accidents provides a comprehensive reference addressing a wide a spectrum of laser accidents. The under-reporting and misreporting of laser accidents creates a blind spot for the laser management of institutions, laser users and laser safety officers. This book attempts to lift that veil. By giving details of why laser accidents occur, accident preparation, where to find laser accident information, elements of laser accident investigation, role of lessons learned and regulatory oversight of laser use. Chapters include a look at pilot illumination, fiber telecommunication, light show incidents and more as well as a detailed and honest review of three laser events that hold a mirror up to researchers and industrial laser users. * Provides a comprehensive, single source devoted to laser accidents * Covers elements of laser accident preparedness * Provides detailed analysis of some laser accidents that share common threads across the research and industrial environment * Contains information on where to find laser accident information * Extensive information on the illumination of pilots * Reviews laser regulatory oversight, non-beam hazards and laser safety tools

For years scientists turned to the CRC Handbook of Laser Science & Technology for reliable data on optical materials. Out of print for several years, that standard-setting work now has a successor: the Handbook of Optical Materials.

This new handbook is an authoritative compilation of the physical properties of materials used in all types of lasers and optical systems. In it, scientist, author, and editor Dr. Marvin J. Weber provides extensive data tabulations and references for the most important optical materials, including crystals, glasses, polymers, metals, liquids, and gases. The properties detailed include both linear and nonlinear optical properties, mechanical properties, thermal properties together with many additional special properties, such as electro-, magneto-, and elasto-optic properties.

Using a minimum of narration and logically organized by material properties, the handbook's unique presentation simplifies the process of comparing different materials for their suitability in particular applications. Appendices furnish a wealth of other useful information, including lists of the many abbreviations and acronyms that proliferate in this field. The Handbook of Optical Materials is simply the most complete one-stop source available for materials data essential to lasers and optical systems.

The Interaction of High-Power Lasers with Plasmas provides a thorough self-contained discussion of the physical processes occurring in laser-plasma interactions, including a detailed review of the relevant plasma and laser physics. The book analyzes laser absorption and propagation, electron transport, and the relevant plasma waves in detail. It also discusses the physics of the electric and magnetic fields in a laser-induced plasma medium, laser-induced shock waves, rarefaction waves, heat waves, and the related hydrodynamic instabilities (Rayleigh-Taylor, Richtmyer-Meshkov, and Kelvin-Helmholtz).
A pedagogical presentation, the book addresses the basic physics issues from first principles, using simple models wherever appropriate. The coverage provides a foundation on which the graduate student can build an understanding of the past and present research in this field. For the experienced researcher, the book is a comprehensive and useful presentation of laser-plasma interactions.

Providing insider viewpoints and perspectives unavailable in any other text, this book presents useful guidelines and tools to produce effective coatings and films. Covering subjects ranging from materials selection and process development to successful system construction and optimization, it contains expanded discussions on design visualization, dense wavelength division multiplexing, new coating equipment, electrochromic and chemically active coatings, ion-assisted deposition, and optical monitoring sensitivity. Furnishing real-world examples and know-how, the book introduces Fourier analysis and synthesis without difficult mathematical concepts and equations.

Contents:
Introduction to the Series Preface List of Notation and Symbols Introduction 1. Development of the Combined Laser-Arc Processes for Joining and Treatment of Materials (Survey) 1.1 Effects of the Simultaneous Action of the Laser Beam and the Electric Arc on a Workpiece 1.2 Schemes for Partical Realisation of Laser-Arc Welding, Cutting and Surface Treatment 1.3 Energy Characteristics and Technological Potentialities of the Combined Laser-Arc Heat Source 1.4 Mutual Effects of the Laser Beam and the Electric Arc in Combined Processes 2. Laser Beam-Arc Plasma Interaction and the Combined Discharge 2.1 Physical Basis of Laser Beam and Arc Plasma Interaction and Mathematical Model of the Laser-Arc Discharge 2.2 Thermal, Transport and Optical Properties of the Combined Discharge Plasma 2.3 Analysis of the Results of the Laser-Arc Discharge Simulation 3. Integrated Plasma Torches for Laser-Arc Processes 3.1 Methods and Devices for Practical Realisation of the Combined Discharge 3.2 Theoretical Basis and Calculation Technique of the Laser-Arc Plasma Torches 3.3 Simulation of the Integrated Plasma Torch for Laser-Plasma Powder Deposition 4. Practical Applications of Laser-Arc Processes 4.1 Hybrid Serial (Combined) Methods - Two Kinds of Laser-Arc Processes 4.2 Laser + Gas Tungsten Arc Welding 4.3 Laser + Gas Metal Arc Welding 4.4 Laser + Plasma Arc Welding 4.5 Combined Laser Beam + Submerged Arc Welding 4.6 Combined Laser Beam + HIGH SPEED Welding 4.7 Hybrid Carbon Dioxide + High Power Diode Laser Welding 4.8 Laser Aided Thermal Spraying and Powder Cladding References Index

Metamaterials have established themselves as one of the most important topics in physics and engineering, and have found practical application across a wide variety of fields including photonics, condensed matter physics, materials science, and biological and medical physics. This modern and self-contained text delivers a pedagogical treatment of the topic, rooted within the fundamental principles of nanophotonics. A detailed and unified description of metamaterials and metasurfaces is developed, beginning with photonic crystals and their underlying electromagnetic properties before introducing plasmonic effects and key metamaterial configurations. Recent developments in research are also presented along with cutting-edge applications in the field. This advanced textbook will be invaluable to students and researchers working in the fields of optics and nanophotonics.

Optoelectronic devices are now ubiquitous in our daily lives, from light emitting diodes (LEDs) in many household appliances to solar cells for energy. This handbook shows how we can probe the underlying and highly complex physical processes using modern mathematical models and numerical simulation for optoelectronic device design, analysis, and performance optimization. It reflects the wide availability of powerful computers and advanced commercial software, which have opened the door for non-specialists to perform sophisticated modeling and simulation tasks. The chapters comprise the know-how of more than a hundred experts from all over the world. The handbook is an ideal starting point for beginners but also gives experienced researchers the opportunity to renew and broaden their knowledge in this expanding field.

This work provides a perspective on the creation of a scientific discipline. The reader is led to meet the actual people who have contributed to this field and know their trials as well as breakthroughs. From 1800 to 1930, Brand preserves the thread of scientific thought and activity through six generations of working scientists.

Laser-Based Optical Detection of Explosives offers a comprehensive review of past, present, and emerging laser-based methods for the detection of a variety of explosives. This book: Considers laser propagation safety and explains standard test material preparation for standoff optical-based detection system evaluation Explores explosives detection using deep ultraviolet native fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, reflectometry, and hyperspectral imaging Examines photodissociation followed by laser-induced fluorescence, photothermal methods, cavity-enhanced absorption spectrometry, and short-pulse laser-based techniques Describes the detection and recognition of explosives using terahertz-frequency spectroscopic techniques Each chapter is authored by a leading expert on the respective technology, and is structured to supply historical perspective, address current advantages and challenges, and discuss novel research and applications. Readers are left with an in-depth understanding and appreciation of each technology's capabilities and potential for standoff hazard detection.

Organic Nonlinear Optical Materials provides an extensive description of the preparation and characterization of organic materials for applications in nonlinear and electro-optics. The book discusses the fundamental optimization and practical limitations of a number of figures of merit for various optical parameters and gives a clinical appraisal of the potential of organic materials for applicators in optical technology. Among the topics addressed are the basic molecular design of;nonlinear optical chromophores, fundamentals and novel techniques of organic crystal growth, preparation and characterization of Langmuir-Blodgett and polymer films, experimental methods for determining microscopic and macroscopic optical properties. Also included is a discussion of first results of the photorefractive effect in organic crystals and the potential of organics for photorefractive applications, as well as an extensive review of published linear and nonlinear optical measurement of organic materials.

The book introduces optical wave propagation in the irregular turbulent atmosphere and the relations to laser beam and LIDAR applications for both optical communication and imaging. It examines atmosphere fundamentals, structure, and content. It explains specific situations occurring in the irregular atmosphere and for specific natural phenomena that affect optical ray and laser beam propagation. It emphasizes how to use LIDAR to investigate atmospheric phenomena and predict primary parameters of the irregular turbulent atmosphere and suggests what kinds of optical devices to operate in different atmospheric situations to minimize the deleterious effects of natural atmospheric phenomena.

Discusses the essential principles, operating characteristics, and cur rent technology of the main fiber laser and amplifier devices based on rare-earth-doped silica and fluorozirconate fibers. Describes the pri nciples, designs, and properties of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier a nd its role as the cornerstone component in optical communication syst ems. Second Edition contains more than 75% new or revised materials re flecting major developments in academia and industry.

Contents:
1. Introduction 2. Fabrication Techniques and Applications 3. The Method of Manufacturing Microlenses by Melting Photoresist 4. Improvements to the Performance of Microlens Arrays 5. Measurement of Microlenses 6. Interferometers to Measure Microlenses 7. Optical Performance of Individual Microlenses 8. Summary 9. References

This eagerly anticipated, revised and updated reference discusses applications of machine vision technology in the semiconductor, electronic, automotive, wood, food, pharmaceutical, printing, and container industries-describing systems that enable projects to move forward swiftly and efficiently. Minimize the risk and avoid the pitfalls associated with working for the first time in an area of new technology Focusing on the nuances of the engineering and system integration of machine vision technology, the Second Edition of Understanding and Applying Machine Vision considers three-dimensional and color machine vision techniques offers the means to perform a back-of-the-envelope estimate to determine the feasibility of a specific application outlines the step-by-step introduction of machine vision into a factory details how to integrate machine vision systems into production processes reviews the algorithms available in commercial machine vision systems provides methodology to evaluate machine vision system vendors explains how to conduct buy-off procedures reviews the underlying principles of image processing and analysis and more Surveying the history of machine vision and including recent developments in the field in the 10 years since publication of the first edition, the Second Edition of Understanding and Applying Machine Vision is an excellent reference for manufacturing, production, quality, industrial, electrical, mechanical, packaging, process, control, automotive, plant, plastics, methods, automation, robotics, and optical engineers and managers; application engineers and trainees at merchant machine vision companies and machine vision system integrators; and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines.

Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices provides a single source of information covering all aspects of OLEDs, including the systematic investigation of organic light-emitting materials, device physics and engineering, and manufacturing and performance measurement techniques. This Second Edition is a compilation of the advances made in recent years and of the challenges facing the future development of OLED technology. Featuring chapters authored by internationally recognized academic and industrial experts, this authoritative text: Introduces the history, fundamental physics, and potential applications of OLEDs Reviews the synthesis, properties, and device performance of electroluminescent materials used in OLEDs Reflects the current state of molecular design, exemplifying more than 600 light-emitting polymers and highlighting the most efficient materials and devices Explores small molecules-based OLEDs, detailing hole- and electron-injection and electron-transport materials, electron- and hole-blocking materials, sensitizers, and fluorescent and phosphorescent light-emitting materials Describes solution-processable phosphorescent polymer LEDs, energy transfer processes, polarized OLEDs, anode materials, and vapor deposition manufacturing techniques employed in OLED fabrication Discusses flexible display, the backplane circuit technology for organic light-emitting displays, and the latest microstructural characterization and performance measurement techniques Contains abundant diagrams, device configurations, and molecular structures clearly illutrating the presented ideas Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices, Second Edition offers a comprehensive overview of the OLED field and can serve as a primary reference for those needing additional information in any particular subarea of organic electroluminescence. This book should attract the attention of materials scientists, synthetic chemists, solid-state physicists, and electronic device engineers, as well as industrial managers and patent lawyers engaged in OLED-related business areas.

This book updates the advancements made in the level of achievable integration of optical circuits and components in the last ten years-highlighting the commercial success of particular devices as well as introducing multiple facets of integrated optics. Written by experts from companies and countries around the world and indexed for easy reference with nearly 800 citations, Integrated Optical Circuits and Components explores factors involved in moving technology from concept to end use provides an overview of the close coupling between drive technology capability and requirements for successful systems applications describes the fabrication process and the design and performance of the multiplexer discusses the creation and behavior of erbium doped waveguide devices in glass and in lithium niobate explains the use of silicon in the hybrid integration of optical devices considers the employment of integrated optics in chemical and biochemical sensors examines the layout and operation of complex devices such as optical switch arrays and dynamic wavelength routing devices analyzes the problem of optimal crosstalk in depth and applies crosstalk analysis to semiconductor amplifier switch matrices includes descriptions of currently available device modeling software and more Containing over 400 illustrations, tables, figures, and equations, and focusing on established commercial technologies applicable for on-the-job challenges, Integrated Optical Circuits and Components is a comprehensive multidisciplinary reference suitable for optical, electrical, and electronics engineers; research and applied physicists; quality and technical managers in the optoelectronics industry; and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines. Here are some of the prestigious companies representing an international view of integrated optical circuit and component design and application: Akzo Nobel Central Research, Arnh