This book review series presents current trends in modern biotechnology. The aim is to cover all aspects of this interdisciplinary technology where knowledge, methods and expertise are required from chemistry, biochemistry, microbiology, genetics, chemical engineering and computer science. Volumes are organized topically and provide a comprehensive discussion of developments in the respective field over the past 3-5 years. The series also discusses new discoveries and applications. Special volumes are dedicated to selected topics which focus on new biotechnological products and new processes for their synthesis and purification. In general, special volumes are edited by well-known guest editors. The series editor and publisher will however always be pleased to receive suggestions and supplementary information. Manuscripts are accepted in English.

Plant molecular biology came to the fore in the early 1980s and there has been tremendous growth in the subject since then. The study of plant genes and genomes and the development of techniques for the incorporation of novel or modified genes into plants eventually led to the commercialisation of genetically modified (GM) crops in the mid-1990s. This was seen as the start of a biotechnological revolution in plant breeding. However, plant biotechnology has become one of the hottest debates of the age and, in Europe at least, one of the greatest challenges that plant scientists have ever faced.This book covers the history and development of the science and techniques that underpin plant biotechnology. It describes the GM crops that are or have been grown commercially around the world, including failures as well as successes, and the new varieties that are being developed. The safety record of GM crops is reviewed together with the legislation that has been adopted to cover their use. The book also deals with the concerns of consumers, the GM crop debate and the prospects for the technology. In the second edition, sections on current GM crops and future developments in plant biotechnology have been greatly expanded, while those on techniques, legislation and the GM crop debate have also been updated.The book is a concise, comprehensive and readable study that is accessible to a general readership with a scientific background but also provides useful information for the specialist.

Although many papers have been published describing methods for the inorganic analysis of petroleum no book has previously appeared devoted exclusively to this subject. The purpose of this work is to provide a laboratory handbook for industrial analysts of various degrees of professional training covering the determination of those elements commonly occurring in various types of petroleum products. The procedures represent, from the author's point of view, a reasonable compromise among the usual conflicting interests of speed, accuracy, and cost, and emphasize manufacturing rather than research applications. CONTENTS: Introduction 1. The Inorganic Components of Petroleum 2. Preparation of Samples for Inorganic Analysis: Direct Ashing, Soft Ashing and Wet Oxidation, Direct Wet Oxidation, Fusion with Pyrosulfate, The Oxygen Bomb, The Peroxide Bomb, Sodium Dehalogenation, Extraction Methods, Combustion Methods, Alkaline Sulfide Treatment, Direct Methods, Combustion Tube, Emission Spectrograph, X-rays 3. Aluminum: Colorimetric Determination, Gravimetric Determination 4. Arsenic 5. Barium: Determination in New Lubricating Oils, Determination in Used Lubricating Oils 6. Boron: Colorimetric Determination, Alkalimetric Determination 7. Calcium: Determination in New Lubricating Oils and Additives, Determination in Used Lubricating Oils, Estimation of Smaller Concentrations 8. Chromium 9. Cobalt: Electrolytic Determination, Volumetric Determination 10. Copper: Determination in Gasoline, Determination in Naphthenate Driers, Determination in Distillates, Determination in Used Lubricating Oils 11. The Halogens: Peroxide Bomb Combustion, Sodium Dehalogenation, Extraction Procedures, Wickbold Oxyhydrogen Combustion, Potentiometric Determination of Bromide and Chloride, Colorimetric Determination of Chloride, Volumetric Determination of Fluoride 12. Iron: Determination in Distillates, Determination in Used Lubricating Oils, Determination in Naphthenate Driers, Colorimetric Determination, Volumetric Determination 13. Lead: Determination in Naphthenate Driers, Determination in Light Distillates, Determination in Lubricating Oils 14. Manganese 15. Molybdenum: Determination in New Lubricating Oils, Determination in Used Lubricating Oils 16. Nickel: Determination in Distillates, Gravimetric Determination 17. Nitrogen: Determination of Total Nitrogen by Kjeldahl Method, Determination of Basic Nitrogen, Determination of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds 18. Phosphorus: Decomposition by Ashing in Presence of Zinc Oxide, Colorimetric Methods, Alkalimetric Determination of Phosphorus 19. Selenium: Colorimetric Determination, Volumetric Determination 20. Silicon: Determination in Synthetic Oils, Determination of Silica in Used Lubricating Oils 21. Sodium: Decomposition of Sample by Direct Ashing, Gravimetric Determination, Determination by Flame Photometer 22. Sulfur: Determination by Peroxide Fusion Bomb, Determination by Wickbold Oxyhydrogen Combustion 23. Vanadium: Determination in Distillates, Determination in Fuel Oils, Volumetric Determination 24. Zinc: Determination in Additives and Naphthenate Driers, Determination in New and Used Lubricating Oils, Potentiometric Determination, Gravimetric Determination; Appendix; Wickbold Apparatus for Oxyhydrogen Combustion; Index

The series Topics in Current Chemistry Collections presents critical reviews from the journal Topics in Current Chemistry organized in topical volumes. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field. Chapters "Sonocatalysis: A Potential Sustainable Pathway for the Valorization of Lignocellulosic Biomass and Derivatives", "Valorisation of Biowastes for the Production of Green Materials Using Chemical Methods" and "Green and Sustainable Separation of Natural Products from Agro-Industrial Waste: Challenges, Potentialities, and Perspectives on Emerging Approaches" are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This book review series presents current trends in modern biotechnology. The aim is to cover all aspects of this interdisciplinary technology where knowledge, methods and expertise are required from chemistry, biochemistry, microbiology, genetics, chemical engineering and computer science. Volumes are organized topically and provide a comprehensive discussion of developments in the respective field over the past 3-5 years. The series also discusses new discoveries and applications. Special volumes are dedicated to selected topics which focus on new biotechnological products and new processes for their synthesis and purification. In general, special volumes are edited by well-known guest editors. The series editor and publisher will however always be pleased to receive suggestions and supplementary information. Manuscripts are accepted in English.

Due to various special physiological features and a genome that greatly differs in structure, gene content and organization from other yeasts, Y. lipolytica is widely used as a host system. With its characteristics, such as the ability to grow on lipids or grease, to accumulate oil and the high capacity for secretion of proteases and lipases, the yeast is of great interest for biotechnological applications. The main topics covered in this Microbiology Monograph are: expression and secretion of heterologous proteins; acid and alkaline extracellular proteases; genetics, production, biochemical characterization and biotechnological application of lipases; production and secretion of several organic acids and flagrances; as well as the functional expression of P450 systems and its use in steroid biotransformation.

Contents - 1. The Free Atom- The contribution of spectroscopy - The Rutherford-Bohr model of the atom - Modern quantum theory - The Pauli exclusion principle - The periodic system - Isotopes - 2. The Bound Atom - Band structure - The attractive and repulsive forces in binding - Stable electron configurations - Ionic bonding - Covalent bonding - Van der Waals' forces - The metallic bond - Implications of the type of bond on the structure of elements - Implications on conductivity - 3. Constitution - Crystallographic principles - The unit cell - The face centred cubic lattice - The close-packed hexagonal lattice. The body-centred cubic lattice - Twin crystals - The rhombohedral lattice - The tetragonal lattice - The structure of compounds - The silicate structure - Glasses - Carbon compounds - 4. Imperfections in Crystals - The surface - Vacant lattice sites - Interstitial atoms - Line and plane defects - Dislocations - Dislocation climb - Dislocation jogs - Imperfect dislocations - Sessile dislocations - Frank-Read sources - 5. The Vibration of Atoms and their Thermal Properties - The lattice vibration - Specific heat - Thermal expansion - Melting - Anisotropy - Thermal conductivity of insulators - Thermal shock - Thermal conductivity of good conductors - 6. Electrical, Magnetic, and Optical Properties - Electrical conductivity - Ionic conductivity - Semiconductors - Thermoelectric effects - Magnetic properties - Ferromagnetism - Antiferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism - Dielectrics - Optical properties - Other electromagnetic radiations - 7. Mechanical Properties - General aspects - Electricity - Plasticity - Resolved shear stress - The role of dislocations in plastic flow - The effect of temperature - Fracture - Creep - Fatigue - Thermal cycling - 8. Metals and Alloys - Properties of pure metals - Compatibility - Interstitial solid solution - Substitutional solid solution - Intermetallic compounds - Equilibrium and non-equilibrium - The properties of alloys - Precipitation in alloys - Complex alloys - 9. Non-metallic Materials - General - Timber - Stone, concrete, and asphalt - Plastics - Ceramics and glasses - Cermets - 10. Service Factors - General - Heterogeneity - Residual stresses - Corrosion - Radiation damage - Conclusion - Further Reading - Author Index - Subject Index - Preface - This book attempts to provide the broad background, to illustrate the basic reasons for the properties of elements, and to explain the consequences of chemical combination, alloying, and mixing. Most previous books have touched only lightly on the atom itself, but my experience in teaching engineers in the University of Manchester suggests that a greater depth of approach is welcome, perhaps because it can account for so much of the subsequent behaviour of metals.

The past 30 years have seen the emergence of a growing desire worldwide that positive actions be taken to restore and protect the environment from the degrading effects of all forms of pollution - air, water, soil, and noise. Since pollution is a direct or indirect consequence of waste production, the seemingly idealistic demand for "zero discharge" can be construed as an unrealistic demand for zero waste. However, as long as waste continues to exist, we can only attempt to abate the subsequent pollution by converting it to a less noxious form. Three major questions usually arise when a particular type of pollution has been identi ed: (1) How serious is the pollution? (2) Is the technology to abate it available? and (3) Do the costs of abatement justify the degree of abatement achieved? This book is one of the volumes of the Handbook of Environmental Engineering series. The principal intention of this series is to help readers formulate answers to the last two questions above. The traditional approach of applying tried-and-true solutions to speci c pollution problems has been a major contributing factor to the success of environmental engineering, and has accounted in large measure for the establishment of a "methodology of pollution control. " However, the realization of the ever-increasing complexity and interrelated nature of current environmental problems renders it imperative that intelligent planning of pollution abatement systems be undertaken.

There is hardly a technical library in the world in which the volumes of the Chemical Formulary (Volumes 1-34) do not occupy a prominent place. Chemists both experienced and beginner, continually refer to them. It does not duplicate any of the formulas included in previous volumes, but lists a wide array of modern and salable products from all branches of the chemical industries. An excellent reference for formulation problems. - CONTENTS - I. Introduction - II. Adhesives - III. Beverages and Foods - IV. Cosmetics - V. Coatings - VI. Detergents and Disinfectants - VII. Drug Products - VIII. Metal Treatments - IX. Polishes - X. Textile Specialties - XI. Miscellaneous - Appendix - Index - Preface - Chemistry, as taught in our schools and colleges, concerns chiefly synthesis, analysis, and engineering-and properly so. It is part of the right foundation for the education of the chemist. Many a chemist entering an Industry soon finds that most of the products manufactured by his concern are not synthetic or definite complex compounds, but are mixtures, blends, or highly complex compounds of which he knows little or nothing. The literature in this field, if any, may be meager, scattered, or obsolete. Even chemists with years of experience In one or more Industries spend considerable time and effort in acquainting themselves with any new field which they may enter. Consulting chemists similarly have to solve problems brought to them from industries foreign to them. There was a definite need for an up-to-date compilation of formulae for chemical compounding and treatment. Since the fields to be covered are many and varied, an editorial board of chemists and engineers engaged in many industries was formed. Many publications, laboratories, manufacturing firms, and Individuals have been consulted to obtain the latest and best information. It is felt that the formulas given in this volume will save chemists and allied workers much time and effort. Manufacturers and sellers of chemicals will find, In these formulae, new uses for their products. Non-chemical executives, professional men, and Interested laymen will make through this volume a "speaking acquaintance" with products which they may be using, trying or selling. It often happens that two Individuals using the same Ingredients in the same formula get different results. This may be due to slight deviations in the raw materials or unfamiliarity with the intricacies of a new technique. Accordingly, repeated experiments may be necessary to get the best results. Although many of the formulas given are being used commercially, many have been taken from the literature and may be subject to various errors and omissions. This should be taken into consideration. Wherever possible, it is advisable to consult with other chemists or technical workers regarding commercial production.

Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) represent predictive models derived from the application of statistical tools correlating biological activity or other properties of chemicals with descriptors representative of molecular structure and/or property. Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships in Drug Design, Predictive Toxicology, and Risk Assessment discusses recent advancements in the field of QSARs with special reference to their application in drug development, predictive toxicology, and chemical risk analysis. Focusing on emerging research in the field, this book is an ideal reference source for industry professionals, students, and academicians in the fields of medicinal chemistry and toxicology.

The biorefinery, integration of processes and technologies for biomass conversion, demands efficient utilization of all components. Hydrothermal processing is a potential clean technology to convert raw materials such as lignocellulosic and aquatic biomass into bioenergy and high added-value compounds. This book aims to show fundamental concepts and key technological developments that enabled industrial application of hydrothermal processing. The scope of this book is primarily for scientists working in the biorefinery field as well as engineers from industry and potential investors in biofuels. Therefore, the information in this book will provide an overview of this technology applied to lignocellulosic materials and aquatic biomass, and especially new knowledge. Critically, this book brings together experts in the application of hydrothermal processes on lignocellulosic and aquatic biomass.

This textbook is written as a unified approach to various topics, ranging from drug discovery to manufacturing, techniques and technology, regulation and marketing. The key theme of the book is pharmaceuticals - what every student of pharmaceutical sciences should know: from the active pharmaceutical ingredients to the preparation of various dosage forms along with the relevant chemistry, this book makes pharmaceuticals relevant to undergraduate students of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences.
This book explains how a particular drug was discovered and then converted from lab-scale to manufacturing scale, to the market. It explains the motivation for drug discovery, the reaction chemistry involved, experimental difficulties, various dosage forms and the reasoning behind them, mechanism of action, quality assurance and role of regulatory agencies. After having a course based on this book, the student will be able to understand: 1) the career prospects in the pharmaceutical industry, 2) the need for interdisciplinary teamwork in science, 3) the techniques and technology involved in making pharmaceuticals starting from bulk drugs, and 4) different dosage forms and critical factors in the development of pharmaceutical formulations in relation to the principles of chemistry.
A few blockbuster drugs including atorvastatin, sildanefil, ranitidine, ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin, and the longest serving drugs such as aspirin and paracetamol are discussed in detail. Finally, the book also covers the important current pharmaceutical issues like quality control, safety, counterfeiting and abuse of drugs, and future prospects for pharmaceutical industry.
Unified approach explaining drug discovery, bulk drug manufacturing, formulation of dosage forms, with pharmacological and therapeutic actionsManufacturing processes of representative active pharmaceutical ingredients and their chemistry plus formulation of dosage forms presented in this book are based on actual industrial processesCovers many aspects relevant to students of the pharmaceutical sciences or newly employed pharmaceutical researchers/employees. It contains summary information about regulatory agencies of different countries

This book highlights the advances in essential oil research, from the plant physiology perspective to large-scale production, including bioanalytical methods and industrial applications. The book is divided into 4 sections. The first one is focused on essential oil composition and why plants produce these compounds that have been used by humans since ancient times. Part 2 presents an update on the use of essential oils in various areas, including food and pharma industries as well as agriculture. In part 3 readers will find new trends in bioanalytical methods. Lastly, part 4 presents a number of approaches to increase essential oil production, such as in vitro and hairy root culture, metabolic engineering and biotechnology. Altogether, this volume offers a comprehensive look at what researchers have been doing over the last years to better understand these compounds and how to explore them for the benefit of the society.

Commercially, D-xylitol is produced by chemical reactions that are tailored to the requirements of various sectors. However, due to the rising interest in sustainable development and ecologically benign practices, microbial transformation processes are generally preferred over the conventional chemical conversion process. The former have multiple advantages, including less chemical load on the environment, higher efficiency, and the ability to dilute multiple downstream transformation attempts while maintaining product yield and recovery.

This book aims to disseminate the most current advances in the biotechnological production of D-xylitol and its applications in medical and health care. It is a unique collection of 15 book chapters split into 5 sections and written by experts in their respective fields, who present critical insights into several topics, review current research, and discuss future progress in this area. This book also provides essential information on hemicellulose hydrolysis to recover D-xylose, detoxification of hemicellulose hydrolysates, and improved fermentation methods for increased D-xylitol production. The highlights of strain improvement to increase the D-xylitol titers and downstream recovery of D-xylitol are also discussed in several sections. The current applications of D-xylitol in medical and health care have been used to justify the cost incurred for setting up the demonstration plant for D-xylitol production in the market. Apart from researchers and post-graduate students in the field of microbial biotechnology, this book will assist those in the business community who deal with the economic analysis of bio-based products and their marketing.

Synthetic biology encompasses a variety of different approaches, methodologies and disciplines, and many different definitions exist. This Volume of Methods in Enzymology has been split into 2 Parts and covers topics such as Measuring and Engineering Central Dogma Processes, Mathematical and Computational Methods and Next-Generation DNA Assembly and Manipulation.

Encompasses a variety of different approaches, methodologies and disciplines.

Split into 2 Parts and covers topics such as Measuring and Engineering Central Dogma Processes, Mathematical and Computational Methods and Next-Generation DNA Assembly and Manipulation.

The book focuses on the principles and practices of tropical maize improvement with special emphasis on early and extra-early maize to feed the increasing population in Sub-Saharan Africa. It highlights the similarities and differences between results obtained in temperate regions of the world and WCA in terms of corroboration or refutation of genetic principles and theory of maize breeding. The book is expected to be of great interest to maize breeders, advanced undergraduates, graduate students, professors and research scientists in the national and international research institutes all over the world, particularly Sub-Saharan Africa. It will also serve as a useful reference for agricultural extension and technology transfer systems, Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Community-Based Organizations (CBOs), seed companies and community-based seed enterprises, policy makers, and all those who are interested in generating wealth from agriculture and alleviating hunger and poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Synthetic biology encompasses a variety of different approaches, methodologies and disciplines, and many different definitions exist. This Volume of Methods in Enzymology has been split into 2 Parts and covers topics such as Measuring and Engineering Central Dogma Processes, Mathematical and Computational Methods and Next-Generation DNA Assembly and Manipulation.

Encompasses a variety of different approaches, methodologies and disciplines.

Split into 2 Parts and covers topics such as Measuring and Engineering Central Dogma Processes, Mathematical and Computational Methods and Next-Generation DNA Assembly and Manipulation.

Arguing that human evolution has come to a stand-still, this book sets out to explore the evolutionary steps that have defined life on this planet. It describes the stages from cosmic to chemical and biological evolution and to the development of civilization and culture. From this scientific approach, the author concludes that new rules of ethics are required in order to maintain and improve the civilization and culture of humanity. Matare argues for corrective genetic interference and explores the moral implications.

MATLAB(r) in bioscience and biotechnology presents an introductory Matlab course oriented towards various collaborative areas of biotechnology and bioscience. It concentrates on Matlab fundamentals and gives examples of its application to a wide range of current bioengineering problems in computational biology, molecular biology, bio-kinetics, biomedicine, bioinformatics, and biotechnology. In the last decade Matlab has been presented to students as the first computer program they learn. Consequently, many non-programmer students, engineers and scientists have come to regard it as user-friendly and highly convenient in solving their specific problems. Numerous books are available on programming in Matlab for engineers in general, irrespective of their specialization, or for those specializing in some specific area, but none have been designed especially for such a wide, interdisciplinary, and topical area as bioengineering. Thus, in this book, Matlab is presented with examples and applications to various school-level and advanced bioengineering problems - from growing populations of microorganisms and population dynamics, reaction kinetics and reagent concentrations, predator-prey models, mass-transfer and flow problems, to sequence analysis and sequence statistics.
This is the first book intended as a manual introducing biologists and other biotechnology engineers to work with MatlabIt is suitable for beginners and inexperienced users; however, applications of Matlab to advanced problems such as the Monte Carlo method, curve fitting, and reliable machine diagnostics make the book relevant to university teachers as wellThe book is different in that it assumes a modest mathematical background for the reader and introduces the mathematical or technical concepts with a somewhat traditional approach; Matlab is then used as a tool for subsequent computer solution

Past, Present, and Future Industrial Biotechnology in China, by Zhenjiang Li, Xiaojun Ji, Suli Kan, Hongqun Qiao, Min Jiang, Dingqiang Lu, Jun Wang, He Huang, Honghua Jia, Pingkai Ouyuang, and Hanjie Ying.- Organic Chemicals from Bioprocesses in China, by Jin Huang, Lei Huang, Jianping Lin, Zhinan Xu, and Peilin Cen.- Biofuels in China, by Tianwei Tan, Jianliang Yu, Jike Lu, and Tao Zhang.- Bioreactors and Bioseparation, by Siliang Zhang, Xuejun Cao, Ju Chu, Jiangchao Qian, and Yingping Zhuang.- Environmental Biotechnology in China, by Shuang Jiang Liu , Lei Liu , Muhammad Tausif Chaudhry , Lei Wang , Ying Guang Chen , Qi Zhou , He Liu , and Jian Chen.- Traditional Chinese Biotechnology, by Yan Xu , Dong Wang , Wen Lai Fan , Xiao Qing Mu, and Jian Chen.- Modern Biotechnology in China, by Qing-Zhao Wang and Xue-Ming Zhao.