In this book, the molecular recognition of DNA using small molecules is discussed, with a study of the photochemistry of BrU-labeled DNA. The purposes of the study were to develop small molecules for regenerative medicine, to develop a method to detect the recognition site of small molecules, and to detect the most important biological phenomena using the photochemistry of BrU-labeled DNA. The study began with the design and development of small molecules that can induce pluripotency genes. To deal with the important issue of cell permeability of the original compound, a new analogue of the original with improved gene expression was designed and synthesized. Using the photochemistry of BrU-labeled DNA, crucial biological phenomena such as cooperativity between transcription factors were detected. For the first time, the cooperativity was examined by excess electron transfer assay. DNA was also studied very carefully in order to understand the mechanism of the double-strand break in the UVA micro-irradiation technique. The mechanism of the double strand remained untouched. Nevertheless, the double-strand break mechanism was clearly demonstrated by Hoechst dye, as shown in this book.

This groundbreaking book covers every aspect of deadly toxic chemicals used as weapons of mass destruction and employed in conflicts, warfare and terrorism. Including findings from experimental as well as clinical studies, this one-of-a-kind handbook is prepared in a very user- friendly format that can easily be followed by students, teachers and researchers, as well as lay people. Stand-alone chapters on individual chemicals and major topics allow the reader to easily access required information without searching through the entire book.
This is the first book that offers in-depth coverage of individual toxicants, target organ toxicity, major incidents, toxic effects in humans, animals and wildlife, biosensors, biomarkers, on-site and laboratory analytical methods, decontamination and detoxification procedures, prophylactic, therapeutic and countermeasures, and the role of homeland security.
Presents a comprehensive look at all aspects of chemical warfare toxicology in one reference work. This saves researchers time in quickly accessing the very latest definitive details on toxicity of specific agents used in chemical warfare as opposed to searching through thousands of journal articles. Will include the most agent-specific information on the market.
Includes detailed coverage of the most exhaustive list of agents possibly used as chemical warfare agents in one source. Section 4: Agents That Can Be Used as Weapons of Mass Destruction ? 25 chapters long. Other books on the market only include a sample selection of specific agents. Offering all possible agents detailed under one cover makes this appealing to a wider audience and saves researchers time.

The Forward will be written by Dr. Tetsuo Satoh, Chiba University, Japan. He is one of the most respected, recognizable authorities on chemical warfare agents which will set the authoritative tone for the book.

Covers risk to humans, animals and the environment equally. Researchers involved in assessing the risks involved with a possible chemical warfare attack and those who are developing response plans to such attacks must look at not only the risks to human health but to our wildlife and environment as well. The holistic approach taken in this book ensures that the researchers have ready access to the details no matter which aspect of the effects of CWA's they might be concerned with.

This book argues that, to be healthy, human beings should love nature and stay in balance with it as much as possible. In other words: do not unbalance nature so that your own balance is not disturbed. The best and healthiest way for human beings to live is to find balance in life and nature. In this regard, the book discusses useful, nutritious, functional foods, nutraceuticals and antioxidants, and how natural molecules, which are provided by nature, can be the best medicine for human beings. At a molecular level, stress is defined by the presence of unbalanced free radicals in the body. Most diseases - especially type 2 diabetes, which accounts for the majority of diabetics - can be traced back to this problem. Our scientific evidence indicates that type 2 diabetes isn't just a disease resulting from sugar, but also from stress. The book seeks to promote a healthier lifestyle by considering the psychoemotional dimension of wellness. And finally, it contends that good sleep is at the root of health and happiness for humanity, and that unbalanced free radicals are expelled from the body during restful sleep. The authors hope that this book will be a helpful guide and source of peace for readers, especially given their need for inner calm during the COVID-19 pandemic, and that the suggestions provided will show them the way to a better life.

Contents

Philip C. Sharpe, Rosemary S. Harrison, and David P. Fairlie: Amyloid Peptides and Proteins in Review. - Marilena Kampa, Artemissia-Phoebe Nifli, George Notas, Elias Castanas: Polyphenols and Cancer Cell Growth. - Michal Janitz: Assigning Functions to Genes The Main Challenge of the Post-Genomic Era. - Brigittte M. Jockusch, Kai Murk and Martin Rothkegel: The Profile of Profilins.

This volume highlights the role of proteostasis in human health and associated disease model systems, reflecting its rising importance which has led to the development of new technologies to obtain insight into underling protein mechanistic events. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Proteostasis: Methods and Protocols aims to become a reference book on proteostasis in human health.

The field of protein NMR spectroscopy has rapidly expanded into new areas of biochemistry, molecular biology and cell biology research that were impossible to study as recently as ten years ago. This third edition of Protein NMR Techniques, expands upon the previous editions with current, detailed authoritative but down-to-earth descriptions of new methodologies. These include techniques for NMR sample preparation, solution and solid state NMR methodologies and data processing. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology (TM) series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Protein NMR Techniques,Third Edition, seeks to aid scientists in understanding the latest innovations in the field of protein NMR.

Human exposure to toxic substances that cause cancer, reproductive abnormalities, and other adverse health effects is a topic of increasing interest to scientists, journalists, workers, business executives, advocacy groups, and the public at large. Citizen concern has prompted the government to establish an elaborate regulatory system designed to protect people from chemical exposures. Harnessing Science examines the role of science in toxic chemical regulation at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The book postulates that scientific knowledge and advice from experts outside of government is critical to the competence and credibility of regulations designed to protect public health.

This unique volume takes a close look at the contributions of three specific organizations that were designed to improve regulatory science: the Chemical Industry Institute of Toxicology (CIIT), the Science Advisory Board of the EPA, and the Health Effects Institute. Early chapters trace the origins and histories of each of these three organizations. Then regulatory case studies of selected chemical substances (unleaded gasoline, perchloroethylene, formaldehyde, nitrates, and carbon monoxide) are used to assess the contributions of CIIT, SAB, and HEI. The final chapter makes specific recommendations designed to strengthen these organizations. Harnessing Science for Environmental Regulation is essential reading for anyone who is interested in how science influences regulatory decisions about human exposure to toxic chemicals. It will be of special interest to federal and state policy makers, practicing scientists, environmental advocates, risk assessors, corporate managers, and environmental journalists.

At the intersection of metabolite analysis, metabolic fingerprinting, and metabolomics, the study of metabolic profiling has evolved steadily over the course of time as have the methods and technologies involved in its study. In Metabolic Profiling: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers in the field present protocols that are illustrative of the evolution of metabolic profiling from single molecule analysis to global metabolome profiling. Comprised of the most essential techniques, this volume covers topics from inborn errors of metabolism and drug metabolite analysis to nuclear magnetic resonance metabolic profiles. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology (TM) series format, chapters include introductions to their respective subjects, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Metabolic Profiling: Methods and Protocols serves as a resource for both established and new investigators in this vital and ever-developing field.

Patch Clamp Methods and Protocols surveys the typical patch clamp applications and advises scientists on identifying problems and selecting the best technique in each instance. The experiments described aid the researcher in pursuing new areas of electrophysiology and using the patch clamp technique effectively.

The volume includes an extensive theoretical treatise concerning single channel kinetic analysis.

The series Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry presents critical reviews on present and future trends in the research of heterocyclic compounds. Overall the scope is to cover topics dealing with all areas within heterocyclic chemistry, both experimental and theoretical, of interest to the general heterocyclic chemistry community. The series consists of topic related volumes edited by renowned editors with contributions of experts in the field. All chapters from Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry are published Online First with an individual DOI. In references, Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry is abbreviated as Top Heterocycl Chem and cited as a journal.

Structural genomics is the systematic determination of 3-dimensional structures of proteins representative of the range of protein structure and function found in nature. The goal is to build a body of structural information that will predict the structure and potential function for almost any protein from knowledge of its coding sequence. This is essential information for understanding the functioning of the human proteome, the ensemble of tens of thousands of proteins specified by the human genome.
While most structural biologists pursue structures of individual proteins or protein groups, specialists in structural genomics pursue structures of proteins on a genome wide scale. This implies large-scale cloning, expression and purification. One main advantage of this approach is economy of scale.
Key Features
*Examines the three dimensional structure of all proteins of a given organism, by experimental methods such as X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy
* Looks at structural genomics as a foundation of drug discovery as discovering new medicines is becoming more challenging and the pharmaceutical industry is looking to new technologies to help in this mission

The importance of protein folding has been recognized for many years. It is the underlying etiology in a large number of human diseases and it appears to be a novel method for cellular regulation of the expression of newly translated proteins. These volumes (Parts A & B) address this important topic. As a volume in Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology, this book provides the latest information on the expanding research being conducted on protein folding.
*Follow the new editor-in-chief, P. Michael Conn, as he introduces this first thematic volume in the series an in-depth aid to researchers who are looking for the best techniques and tools for understanding the complexities of protein folding
*Understand the advantages of protein folding over other therapeutic approaches and see how protein folding plays a critical role in the development of diseases such as Alzheimer s and diabetes
*Decipher the rules of protein folding through compelling and timely reviews combined with chapters written by international authors in engineering, biochemistry, physics and computer science"

"Molecular Modeling of Proteins, Second Edition" provides a theoretical background of various methods available and enables non-specialists to apply methods to their problems by including updated chapters and new material not covered in the first edition. This detailed volume opens by featuring classical and advanced simulation methods as well as methods to set-up complex systems such as lipid membranes and membrane proteins and continues with chapters devoted to the simulation and analysis of conformational changes of proteins, computational methods for protein structure prediction, usage of experimental data in combination with computational techniques, as well as protein-ligand interactions, which are relevant in the drug design process. Written for the highly successful "Methods in Molecular Biology" series, chapters include thorough introductions, step-by-step instructions and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding common pitfalls.

Update-to-date and authoritative, "Molecular Modeling of Proteins, Second Edition" aims to aid researchers in the physical, chemical and biosciences interested in utilizing this powerful technology.

Nucleic acids are the fundamental building blocks of DNA and RNA and are found in virtually every living cell. Molecular biology is a branch of science that studies the physicochemical properties of molecules in a cell, including nucleic acids, proteins, and enzymes. Increased understanding of nucleic acids and their role in molecular biology will further many of the biological sciences including genetics, biochemistry, and cell biology. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology is intended to bring to light the most recent advances in these overlapping disciplines with a timely compilation of reviews comprising each volume.
*Follow the new editor-in-chief, P. Michael Conn, as he introduces this second thematic volume in the series an in-depth aid to researchers who are looking for the best techniques and tools for understanding the complexities of protein folding
*Understand the advantages of protein folding over other therapeutic approaches and see how protein folding plays a critical role in the development of diseases such as Alzheimer s and diabetes
*Decipher the rules of protein folding through compelling and timely reviews combined with chapters written by international authors in engineering, biochemistry, physics and computer science"

There are several books on properties of chitin and associated biomolecules and their biochemical significance. However, the present volume deals with a wide variety of biogeochemical and organic geochemical aspects of this vital macromolecule written by leading authors and experts in the field. Each chapter is carefully peer reviewed and is an updated account of recent research in isotopic, nanostructural, biochemical, microstructural, geochemical, paleontological and experimental aspects of chitin formation, distribution and preservation in the environment and earth history.

Display technologies have become a very powerful way of generating therapeutic lead molecules and specific reagents for increasing our understanding of biology; however, despite being first described shortly after phage display, the use of ribosome display and related methods have been much less widespread. Since this is in part due to the complexity of the methods, "Ribosome Display and Related Technologies: Methods and Protocols" seeks to extend their use by collecting expert contributions describing these detailed protocols. The protocols described range from well-established methods that have been used for a decade to generate high affinity antibodies, which are already in the clinic, to methods that are in their early stages of application such as display of peptides incorporating non-canonical amino acids. Written in the highly successful "Methods in Molecular Biology " series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.

Invaluable and easy to use, "Ribosome Display and Related Technologies: Methods and Protocols" will be of great benefit to those with general molecular biology or protein engineering experience who wish to select peptides or proteins by display, those with phage display experience who would benefit from the application of ribosome display, as well as those with some ribosome display experience who would like to expand the range of applications to which they are applying the technology."

This new edition provides updated and novel protocols of neuroproteomics methods that encompass both global-scale as well as targeted and specialized topics, which are timely additions for the molecular and phenotypic analysis of the central nervous system and CNS-related disorders. The detailed contents of this book include the exploration of several exciting areas of advanced methods used for neuroproteomics research including relative and absolute protein quantitation by mass spectrometry, characterization of post-translational modifications, as well as bioinformatics and computational approaches. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, methodology chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Updated and accessible, Neuroproteomics: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition serves researchers and clinical scientists involved in the area of biomarker research and protein biochemistry, as well as molecular biologists and biochemists who have been involved in proteomics research already or even for those new to the field.

ABPP Methodology: Introduction and Overview, by Matthew B. Nodwell und Stephan A. Sieber Activity-Based Protein Profiling for Natural Product Target Discovery, by Joanna Krysiak und Rolf Breinbauer Photoaffinity Labeling in Activity-Based Protein Profiling, by Paul P. Geurink, Laurette M. Prely, Gijs A. van der Marel, Rainer Bischoff und Herman S. Overkleeft Application of Activity-Based Protein Profiling to the Study of Microbial Pathogenesis, by William P. Heal und Edward W. Tate Functional Analysis of Protein Targets by Metabolomic Approaches, by Yun-Gon Kim und Alan Saghatelian

In recent years, there has been a great deal of progress in the understanding and management of milk proteins across the production chain. This book takes a uniquely comprehensive look at those developments and presents them in a one-source overview.
By providing a brief overview of each topic area, and then describing the most important recent advances therein, the "field-to-table" approach of this book provides specialists with new and directly relevant information in their own areas, along with information from complementary research fields, allowing them to contextualize their work within the larger pictures. At the same time it provides generalists with a complete overview and offers insights into topics for more in-depth reading.
Covering areas that are receiving attention from people of many fields -- genomics, functional foods -- and including the latest research and developments in milk-protein phenomenon and interactions, this book will be an ideal resource for professionals and students alike.
*A fresh look at recent developments across the entire production chain -- from animal genetics to nutritional and nutrigenomic needs of the customer
*Up-to-date information from internationally-recognised authors from both academic and commercial resources

Homing Endonucleases: Methods and Protocols aims at providing molecular biologists with a comprehensive resource to identify and characterize homing endonucleases from genomic sequence, to deduce the biological basis of binding and cleavage specificity, as well as to provide protocols to redesign endonuclease target specificity for genome-editing applications. Engineering of designer homing endonucleases has set the stage for genome editing of complex eukaryotic genomes with a broad range of potential applications including targeted gene knockouts in model organisms and gene therapy in humans, making this book a valuable resource for future research. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Homing Endonucleases: Methods and Protocols serves as a key reference for all labs studying site-specific DNA endonucleases.

This book includes a collection of chapters illustrating the application of geochemical methods to investigate the interactions between geological materials and fluids with humans. Examples include the incorporation and human health effects of inhaling lithogenic materials, the reactivity of biological fluids with geological materials, and the impact on nascent biomineral formation. Biomineralization is investigated in terms of mineralogy, morphology, bone chemistry, and pathological significance with a focus on the health impacts of "foreign" geological/environmental trace element incorporation. One of the contribution is devoted to particulate matter, the presence of metals and metalloids in the environment, and the possibility of using human hair as a biomarker between environmental/geological exposure and human bioincorporation. Other chapters focus on the last advances on the analytical methods and instrumentational approaches to investigating the chemistry of biological fluids and tissues.

Contents: Gerard Jaouen, Nils Metzler-Nolte : Introduction ; Stephane GIBAUD and Gerard JAOUEN: Arsenic - based drugs: from Fowler's solution to modern anticancer chemotherapy; Ana M. Pizarro, Abraha Habtemariam and Peter J. Sadler : Activation Mechanisms for Organometallic Anticancer Complexes; Angela Casini, Christian G. Hartinger, Alexey A. Nazarov, Paul J. Dyson : Organometallic antitumour agents with alternative modes of action; Elizabeth A. Hillard, Anne Vessieres, Gerard Jaouen : Ferrocene functionalized endocrine modulators for the treatment of cancer; Megan Hogan and Matthias Tacke : Titanocenes - Cytotoxic and Anti-Angiogenic Chemotherapy Against Advanced Renal-Cell Cancer; Seann P. Mulcahy and Eric Meggers : Organometallics as Structural Scaffolds for Enzyme Inhibitor Design; Christophe Biot and Daniel Dive : Bioorganometallic Chemistry and Malaria; Nils Metzler-Nolte : Biomedical applications of organometal-peptide conjugates; Roger Alberto : Organometallic Radiopharmaceuticals; Brian E. Mann : Carbon Monoxide - an essential signaling molecule.

Introduction to Electron Microscopy for Biologists is ideal for the scientist who may be considering electron microscopy as a tool to extend molecular, biochemical, or light microscope observations to the next level of structural information, only available by electron microscopy. Each chapter briefly surveys the present state of structural information in a particular area, be it an individual but widely occurring molecule such as actin or collagen, together with the methods for visualization, either as an extracted and purified entity, or in situ within its biological context. Not only is this book an introduction to electron microscopy in general, but it is also useful for those within the field who wish to move to a different area of expertise, for instance an approach based on rapid freezing, rather than more conventional protocols. This should be a first choice reference for any biologist wanting to know 'what does it look like' across the full spectrum of cell and molecular biology of life science.
*Illustrates the advantages of electron microscopy and the protocols required for fine structural visualization of individual molecules upwards, ranging from mammalian tissues to experimental organisms.
*Comprehensive chapters cover both structural information on each area as well as the protocols themselves
*Includes methods covering specific labeling, as well as methods for quantification and three dimensional reconstruction from molecular to tissue levels.

The 2002 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Sydney Brenner (United Kingdom), H. Robert Horvitz (US) and John E. Sulston (UK) "for their discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death." Cell death is a fundamental aspect of embryonic development, normal cellular turnover and maintenance of homeostasis (maintaining a stable, constant environment) on the one hand, and aging and disease on the other. This volume addresses the significant advances with the techniques that are being used to analyze cell death.
* This volume provides the necessary, trusted methods to carry out this research on the latest techniques. Once researchers understand the molecular mechanisms of the apoptotic pathways, they can begin to develop new therapies.
* Presents key methods on studying tumors and how these cancer cells evade cell death.
* Eliminates searching through many different sources to avoid pitfalls so the same mistakes are not made over and over.