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Books > Reference & Interdisciplinary > Communication studies > Decision theory
A fully updated, step-by-step guide for implementing COSO's
Enterprise Risk Management
"COSO Enterprise Risk Management, Second Edition" clearly
enables organizations of all types and sizes to understand and
better manage their risk environments and make better decisions
through use of the COSO ERM framework. The "Second Edition"
discusses the latest trends and pronouncements that have affected
COSO ERM and explores new topics, including the PCAOB's release of
AS5; ISACA's recently revised CobiT; and the recently released IIA
Standards.Offers you expert advice on how to carry out internal
control responsibilities more efficientlyUpdates you on the ins and
outs of the COSO Report and its emergence as the new platform for
understanding all aspects of risk in today's organizationShows you
how an effective risk management program, following COSO ERM, can
help your organization to better comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley
ActKnowledgeably explains how to implement an effective ERM
program
Preparing professionals develop and follow an effective risk
culture, "COSO Enterprise Risk Management, Second Edition" is the
fully revised, invaluable working resource that will show you how
to identify risks, avoid pitfalls within your corporation, and keep
it moving ahead of the competition.
In the next wave of conduct regulation in financial markets, from
2021 conduct regulators in the UK and elsewhere expect firms to
produce evidence on how they are improving behaviour and culture.
Facing this, many practitioners are anxious that their current
reporting and management information (MI) are irrelevant to meeting
as-yet unclear regulatory expectations. This book provides the
insights and tools firms need to report on culture, securing both
enhanced business value and the regulator's approval. Culture is
now seen as a key contributor to good governance, feeding into
existing discourse on environmental, social and governance (ESG)
factors and the emerging dialogue on 'non-financial (mis)conduct',
but conventional measures of business quality are unfit for the new
reporting agenda. Culture Audit in Financial Services follows the
arc of 'behavioural regulation' to examine what the regulator
really wants, before offering guidance on how culture audit differs
from conventional auditing, how to put the latest pure-research
findings to work, and the key features of well-designed conduct and
culture reports. Written by an impartial author and a variety of
contributors with extensive experience working with practitioners,
regulators, and many of the world's finest academic initiatives,
this book is filled with practical, grounded advice on how best to
approach this new challenge and avoid infractions.
Brian Hedden defends a radical view about the relationship between
rationality, personal identity, and time. On the standard view,
personal identity over time plays a central role in thinking about
rationality. This is because, on the standard view, there are
rational norms for how a person's attitudes and actions at one time
should fit with her attitudes and actions at other times, norms
that apply within a person but not across persons. But these norms
are problematic. They make what you rationally ought to believe or
do depend on facts about your past that aren't part of your current
perspective on the world, and they make rationality depend on
controversial, murky metaphysical facts about what binds different
instantaneous snapshots (or 'time-slices') into a single person
extended in time. Hedden takes a different approach, treating the
relationship between different time-slices of the same person as no
different from the relationship between different people. For
purposes of rational evaluation, a temporally extended person is
akin to a group of people. The locus of rationality is the
time-slice rather than the temporally extended agent. Taking an
impersonal, time-slice-centric approach to rationality yields a
unified approach to the rationality of beliefs, preferences, and
actions where what rationality demands of you is solely determined
by your evidence, with no special weight given to your past beliefs
or actions.
Framing effects are everywhere. An estate tax looks very different
to a death tax. Gun safety seems to be one thing and gun control
another. Yet, the consensus from decision theorists, finance
professionals, psychologists, and economists is that
frame-dependence is completely irrational. This book challenges
that view. Some of the toughest decisions we face are just clashes
between different frames. It is perfectly rational to value the
same thing differently in two different frames, even when the
decision-maker knows that these are really two sides of the same
coin. Frame It Again sheds new light on the structure of moral
predicaments, the nature of self-control, and the rationality of
co-operation. Framing is a powerful tool for redirecting public
discussions about some of the most polarizing contemporary issues,
such as gun control, abortion, and climate change. Learn effective
problem-solving and decision-making to get the better of difficult
dilemmas.
This book, based on the author's Clarendon Lectures in Finance,
examines the empirical behavior of corporate default risk. A new
and unified statistical methodology for default prediction, based
on stochastic intensity modeling, is explained and implemented with
data on U.S. public corporations since 1980. Special attention is
given to the measurement of correlation of default risk across
firms. The underlying work was developed in a series of
collaborations over roughly the past decade with Sanjiv Das,
Andreas Eckner, Guillaume Horel, Nikunj Kapadia, Leandro Saita, and
Ke Wang. Where possible, the content based on methodology has been
separated from the substantive empirical findings, in order to
provide access to the latter for those less focused on the
mathematical foundations.
A key finding is that corporate defaults are more clustered in time
than would be suggested by their exposure to observable common or
correlated risk factors. The methodology allows for hidden sources
of default correlation, which are particularly important to include
when estimating the likelihood that a portfolio of corporate loans
will suffer large default losses. The data also reveal that a
substantial amount of power for predicting the default of a
corporation can be obtained from the firm's "distance to default,"
a volatility-adjusted measure of leverage that is the basis of the
theoretical models of corporate debt pricing of Black, Scholes, and
Merton. The findings are particularly relevant in the aftermath of
the financial crisis, which revealed a lack of attention to the
proper modelling of correlation of default risk across firms.
In Being Rational and Being Right, Juan Comesana argues for a
cluster of theses related to the rationality of action and belief.
His starting point is that rational action requires rational belief
but tolerates false belief. From there, Comesana provides a novel
account of empirical evidence according to which said evidence
consists of the content of undefeated experiences. This view, which
Comesana calls Experientialism, differs from the two main views of
empirical evidence on offer nowadays: Factualism, according to
which our evidence is what we know, and Psychologism, according to
which our experiences themselves are evidence. He reasons that
Experientialism fares better than these rival views in explaining
different features of rational belief and action. Comesana embeds
this discussion in a Bayesian framework, and discusses in addition
the problem of normative requirements, the easy knowledge problem,
and how Experientialism compares to forms of evidentialism and
reliabilism.
The concept of rationality is a common thread through the human and
social sciences -- from political science to philosophy, from
economics to sociology, and from management science to decision
analysis. But what counts as rational action and rational behavior?
Jose Luis Bermudez explores decision theory as a theory of
rationality. Decision theory is the mathematical theory of choice
and for many social scientists it makes the concept of rationality
mathematically tractable and scientifically legitimate.
Yet rationality is a concept with several dimensions and the theory
of rationality has different roles to play. It plays an
action-guiding role (prescribing what counts as a rational solution
of a given decision problem). It plays a normative role (giving us
the tools to pass judgment not just on how a decision problem was
solved, but also on how it was set up in the first place). And it
plays a predictive/explanatory role (telling us how rational agents
will behave, or why they did what they did).
This controversial but accessible book shows that decision theory
cannot play all of these roles simultaneously. And yet, it argues,
no theory of rationality can play one role without playing the
other two. The conclusion is that there is no hope of taking
decision theory as a theory of rationality.
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