Applied Soft Computing and Embedded System Applications in Solar Energy deals with energy systems and soft computing methods from a wide range of approaches and application perspectives. The authors examine how embedded system applications can deal with the smart monitoring and controlling of stand-alone and grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) systems for increased efficiency. Growth in the area of artificial intelligence with embedded system applications has led to a new era in computing, impacting almost all fields of science and engineering. Soft computing methods implemented to energy-related problems regularly face data-driven issues such as problems of optimization, classification, clustering, or prediction. The authors offer real-time implementation of soft computing and embedded system in the area of solar energy to address the issues with microgrid and smart grid projects (both renewable and non-renewable generations), energy management, and power regulation. They also discuss and examine alternative solutions for energy capacity assessment, energy efficiency systems design, as well as other specific smart grid energy system applications. The book is intended for students, professionals, and researchers in electrical and computer engineering fields, working on renewable energy resources, microgrids, and smart grid projects. Examines the integration of hardware with stand-alone PV panels and real-time monitoring of factors affecting the efficiency of the PV panels Offers real-time implementation of soft computing and embedded system in the area of solar energy Discusses how soft computing plays a huge role in the prediction of efficiency of stand-alone and grid-connected solar PV systems Discusses how embedded system applications with smart monitoring can control and enhance the efficiency of stand-alone and grid-connected solar PV systems Explores swarm intelligence techniques for solar PV parameter estimation Dr. Rupendra Kumar Pachauri is Assistant Professor - Selection Grade in the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, India. Dr. Jitendra Kumar Pandey is Professor & Head of R&D in the University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, India. Mr. Abhishek Sharma is working as a research scientist in the research and development department (UPES, India). Dr. Om Prakash Nautiyal is working as a scientist in Uttarakhand Science Education & Research Centre (USERC), Department of Information and Science Technology, Govt. of Uttarakhand, Dehradun, India. Prof. Mangey Ram is working as a Research Professor at Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, India.

For over 80 years, the National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE) has been a leader in the promotion of ethical practice within the field of engineering. One of the Society's greatest contributions is the formation and adoption of the NSPE Code of Ethics. But the code, with its six "Fundamental Canons," is only truly instructive if engineers can bridge the gap between principles and action. Here there is no substitute for personal reflection on the ethical and philosophical issues that underlie the code. If done well, such reflection provides an indispensable basis for moral problem solving. Beyond the Code: A Philosophical Guide to Engineering Ethics is designed to complement the NSPE Code of Ethics by helping readers "go beyond" in their understanding of the philosophical issues bound up in the code. Each chapter addresses one of the Fundamental Canons of the NSPE code, and provides a philosophical analysis of the various parts of each canon by employing contemporary and classical texts. This unique approach to engineering ethics guides students and professionals in their readings of the appended selections to refine their understanding of the code in order to apply it to the practical challenges of today's engineers. Key Features: Is the first introduction to engineering ethics that helps students understand and apply the NSPE Code of Ethics to engineering practice Includes a Preface from Arthur E. Schwartz, NSPE Deputy Executive Director and General Counsel, and NAFE Executive Director As a hybrid text, includes primary philosophical texts with extensive introductions and guided reading questions from the book's three authors Offers case studies from the NSPE Board of Ethical Review, allowing students to see a direct connection between the issues discussed in the text and real-world engineering practice Includes the following pedagogical aids: "Key Terms and Concepts" for each chapter "Preparing to Read" sections before each primary source reading "Guided Reading Questions" after each primary source reading "Going Beyond-Our Questions for a Deep Dive" after each case study.

This book presents a concise introduction to the latest advances in robust cooperative control design for multi-agent systems with input delay and external disturbances, especially from a prediction and observation perspective. The volume covers a wide range of applications, such as the trajectory tracking of quadrotors, formation flying of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and fixed-time formation of ground vehicles. Robust cooperative control means that multi-agent systems are able to achieve specified control tasks while remaining robust in the face of both parametric and nonparametric model uncertainties. In addition, the authors cover a wide range of key issues in cooperative control, such as communication and input delays, parametric model uncertainties and external disturbances. Moving beyond the scope of existing works, a systematic prediction and observation approach to designing robust cooperative control laws is presented. About the Authors Chunyan Wang is an Associate Professor in the School of Aerospace Engineering at Beijing Institute of Technology, China. Zongyu Zuo is a full Professor with the School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, China. Jianan Wang is an Associate Professor in the School of Aerospace Engineering at Beijing Institute of Technology, China. Zhengtao Ding is a Professor in the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at University of Manchester, U.K.

This work is dedicated to CMOS based imaging with the emphasis on the noise modeling, characterization and optimization in order to contribute to the design of high performance imagers in general and range imagers in particular. CMOS is known to be superior to CCD due to its flexibility in terms of integration capabilities, but typically has to be enhanced to compete at parameters as for instance noise, dynamic range or spectral response. Temporal noise is an important topic, since it is one of the most crucial parameters that ultimately limits the performance and cannot be corrected. This work gathers the widespread theory on noise and extends the theory by a non-rigorous but potentially computing efficient algorithm to estimate noise in time sampled systems. This work contributed to two generations of LDPD based ToF range image sensors and proposed a new approach to implement the MSI PM ToF principle. This was verified to yield a significantly faster charge transfer, better linearity, dark current and matching performance. A non-linear and time-variant model is provided that takes into account undesired phenomena such as finite charge transfer speed and a parasitic sensitivity to light when the shutters should remain OFF, to allow for investigations of largesignal characteristics, sensitivity and precision. It was demonstrated that the model converges to a standard photodetector model and properly resembles the measurements. Finally the impact of these undesired phenomena on the range measurement performance is demonstrated.

This book is a detailed reference on biomedical applications using Deep Learning. Because Deep Learning is an important actor shaping the future of Artificial Intelligence, its specific and innovative solutions for both medical and biomedical are very critical. This book provides a recent view of research works on essential, and advanced topics. The book offers detailed information on the application of Deep Learning for solving biomedical problems. It focuses on different types of data (i.e. raw data, signal-time series, medical images) to enable readers to understand the effectiveness and the potential. It includes topics such as disease diagnosis, image processing perspectives, and even genomics. It takes the reader through different sides of Deep Learning oriented solutions. The specific and innovative solutions covered in this book for both medical and biomedical applications are critical to scientists, researchers, practitioners, professionals, and educations who are working in the context of the topics.

This book is a summary of a series of achievements made by the authors and colleagues in the areas of radio frequency power amplifier modeling (including neural Volterra series modeling, neural network modeling, X-parameter modeling), nonlinear analysis methods, and power amplifier predistortion technology over the past 10 years. The book is organized into ten chapters, which respectively describe an overview of research of power amplifier behavioral models and predistortion technology, nonlinear characteristics of power amplifiers, power amplifier behavioral models and the basis of nonlinear analysis, an overview of power amplifier predistortion, Volterra series modeling of power amplifiers, power amplifier modeling based on neural networks, power amplifier modeling with X-parameters, the modeling of other power amplifiers, nonlinear circuit analysis methods, and predistortion algorithms and applications. Blending theory with analysis, this book will provide researchers and RF/microwave engineering students with a valuable resource.

This volume elaborates on mechatronics as the synergistic integration of mechanical engineering with electronics and intelligent computer control in the design and manufacturing of industrial products and processes. It considers the integration of mechanical systems (mechanical elements, components, machines), electronic systems (microelectronics, sensor and actuator technology), and information technology. The book's chapters present the principles of mechatronic systems design and solid materials in small elementary steps, provide an abundance of examples, and feature problems that are as practical as possible without becoming too involved with many extraneous details.

This new volume, Cognitive Computing Systems: Applications and Technological Advancements, explores the emerging area of artificial intelligence that encompasses machine self-learning, human-computer interaction, natural language processing, data mining and more. It introduces cognitive computing systems, highlights their key applications, discusses the technologies used in cognitive systems, and explains underlying models and architectures. Focusing on scientific work for real-world applications, each chapter presents the use of cognitive computing and machine learning in specific application areas. These include the use of speech recognition technology, application of neural networks in construction management, elevating competency in education, comprehensive health monitoring systems, predicting type 2 diabetes, applications for smart agricultural technology, human resource management, and more. With chapters from knowledgeable researchers in the area of artificial intelligence, cognitive computing, and allied areas, this book will be an asset for researchers, faculty, advances students, and industry professionals in many fields.

This book provides a platform to understand Internet of things with Raspberry Pi and the basic knowledge of the programming and interfacing of the devices and designed systems. It broadly covers introduction to Internet of Things and enabling technologies, interfacing with Raspberry Pi and Arduino and interfacing with Raspberry Pi GPIO. Internet of Things with Raspberry pi and Arduino is aimed at senior undergraduate, graduate students and professionals in electrical engineering, computer engineering including robotics.

Covers the fundamentals of shape feature extraction from images Discusses different applications of image shape feature in the field of content based image retrieval Includes polygonal approximation techniques of shape features Details moment based, scale space and geometric shape features Different approaches for extracting image shape features are reviewed affecting image retrieval from a large database

MICROWAVE INTEGRATED CIRCUIT COMPONENTS DESIGN THROUGH MATLAB (R) This book teaches the student community microwave integrated circuit component design through MATLAB (R), helping the reader to become conversant in using codes and, thereafter, commercial software for verification purposes only. Microwave circuit theory and its comparisons, transmission line networks, S-parameters, ABCD parameters, basic design parameters of planar transmission lines (striplines, microstrips, slot lines, coplanar waveguides, finlines), filter theory, Smith chart, inverted Smith chart, stability circles, noise figure circles and microwave components, are thoroughly explained in the book. The chapters are planned in such a way that readers get a thorough understanding to ensure expertise in design. Aimed at senior undergraduates, graduates and researchers in electrical engineering, electromagnetics, microwave circuit design and communications engineering, this book: * Explains basic tools for design and analysis of microwave circuits such as the Smith chart and network parameters * Gives the advantage of realizing the output without wiring the circuit by simulating through MATLAB code * Compares distributed theory with network theory * Includes microwave components, filters and amplifiers S. Raghavan was a Senior Professor (HAG) in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Trichy, India and has 39 years of teaching and research experience at the Institute. His interests include: microwave integrated circuits, RF MEMS, Bio MEMS, metamaterial, frequency selective surfaces (FSS), substrate integrated waveguides (SIW), biomedical engineering and microwave engineering. He has established state-of-the-art MICs and microwave research laboratories at NIT, Trichy with funding from the Indian government. He is a Fellow/Senior Member in more than 24 professional societies including: IEEE (MTT, EMBS, APS), IETE, IEI, CSI, TSI, ISSS, ILA and ISOI. He is twice a recipient of the Best Teacher Award, and has received the Life Time Achievement Award, Distinguished Professor of Microwave Integrated Circuit Award and Best Researcher Award.

The development of computer software for nonlinear control systems has provided many benefits for teaching, research, and the development of control systems design. MATLAB is considered the dominant software platforms for linear and nonlinear control systems analysis. This book provides an easy way to learn nonlinear control systems such as feedback linearization technique and Sliding mode control (Structure variable control) which are one of the most used techniques in nonlinear control dynamical systems; therefore teachers-students and researchers are all in need to handle such techniques; and since they are too difficult for them to handle such nonlinear controllers especially for a more complicated systems such as induction motor, satellite, and vehicles dynamical models. Thus, this document it is an excellent resource for learning the principle of feedback linearization and sliding mode techniques in an easy and simple way: Provides a briefs description of the feedback linearization and sliding mode control strategies Includes a simple method on how to determine the right and appropriate controller (P-PI-PID) for feedback linearization control strategy. A Symbolic MATLAB Based function for finding the feedback linearization and sliding mode controllers are developed and tested using several examples. A simple method for finding the approximate sliding mode controller parameters is introduced Where the program used to construct the nonlinear controller uses symbolic computations; such that the user should provide the program with the necessary functions f(x), g(x) and h(x) using the symbolic library.

Computational Methods for Electric Power Systems introduces computational methods that form the basis of many analytical studies in power systems. The book provides the background for a number of widely used algorithms that underlie several commercial software packages, linking concepts to power system applications. By understanding the theory behind many of the algorithms, the reader can make better use of the software and make more informed decisions (e.g., choice of integration method and step size in simulation packages). This Third Edition contains new material on preconditioners for linear iterative methods, Broyden's method, and Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov methods. It includes additional problems and examples, as well as updated examples on sparse lower-upper (LU) factorization. It also adds coverage of the eigensystem realization algorithm and the double-shift method for computing complex eigenvalues.

The book is based on the best papers of IEEE IRI 2018 and IEEE FMI 2018, Salt Lake City, July, 2018. They have been enhanced and modified suitably for publication. The book comprises recent works covering several aspects of reuse in intelligent systems - including Scientific Theory and Technology-Based Applications. New data analytic algorithms, technologies, and tools are sought to be able to manage, integrate, and utilize large amounts of data despite hardware, software, and/or bandwidth constraints; to construct models yielding important data insights, and to create visualizations to aid in presenting and understanding the data. Furthermore, it addresses the representation, cleansing, generalization, validation, and reasoning strategies for the scientifically-sound and cost-effective advancement of all kinds of intelligent systems - including all software and hardware aspects. The book addresses problems such as, how to optimally select the information/data sets for reuse and how to optimize the integration of existing information/knowledge with new, developing information/knowledge sources!

The field of rock mechanics and rock engineering utilizes the basic laws of continuum mechanics and the techniques developed in computational mechanics. This book describes the basic concepts behind these fundamental laws and their utilization in practice irrespective of whether rock/rock mass contains discontinuities. This book consists of nine chapters and six appendices. The first four chapters are concerned with continuum mechanics aspects, which include the basic operations, definition of stress and strain tensors, and derivation of four fundamental conservation laws in the simplest yet precise manner. The next two chapters are the preparation for computational mechanics, which require constitutive laws of geomaterials relevant to each conservation law and the procedures for how to determine required parameters of the constitutive laws. Computational mechanics solves the resulting ordinary and partial differential equations. In Chapter 7, the methods of exact (closed-form) solutions are explained and they are applied to ordinary/partial differential equations with solvable boundary and initial conditions. In Chapter 8, the fundamentals of approximate solution methods are explained for one dimension first and then how to extend them to multi-dimensional problems. The readers are expected to learn and clearly understand how they are derived and applied to various problems in geomechanics. The final chapter involves the applications of the approximate methods to the actual problems in practice for geomechanical engineers, which cover the continuum to discontinuum, including the stress state of the earth as well as the ground motions induced by earthquakes. Six appendices are provided to have a clear understanding of continuum mechanics operations and procedures for how to deal with discontinuities/interfaces often encountered in rock mechanics and rock engineering.

This book describes capacity building in strategic and non-strategic machine tool technology. It includes machine building in sectors such as machine tools, automobiles, home appliances, energy, and biomedical engineering, along with case studies. The book offers guidelines for capacity building in academia, covering how to promote enterprises of functional reverse engineering enterprises. It also discusses machine tool development, engineering design, prototyping of strategic, and non-strategies machine tools, as well as presenting communication strategies and IoT, along with case studies. Professionals from the CNC (Computer Numeric Control) machine tools industry, industrial and manufacturing engineers, and students and faculty in engineering disciplines will find interest in this book.

Far from being separate entities, many social and engineering systems can be considered as complex network systems (CNSs) associated with closely linked interactions with neighbouring entities such as the Internet and power grids. Roughly speaking, a CNS refers to a networking system consisting of lots of interactional individuals, exhibiting fascinating collective behaviour that cannot always be anticipated from the inherent properties of the individuals themselves. As one of the most fundamental examples of cooperative behaviour, consensus within CNSs (or the synchronization of complex networks) has gained considerable attention from various fields of research, including systems science, control theory and electrical engineering. This book mainly studies consensus of CNSs with dynamics topologies - unlike most existing books that have focused on consensus control and analysis for CNSs under a fixed topology. As most practical networks have limited communication ability, switching graphs can be used to characterize real-world communication topologies, leading to a wider range of practical applications. This book provides some novel multiple Lyapunov functions (MLFs), good candidates for analysing the consensus of CNSs with directed switching topologies, while each chapter provides detailed theoretical analyses according to the stability theory of switched systems. Moreover, numerical simulations are provided to validate the theoretical results. Both professional researchers and laypeople will benefit from this book.

This book thoroughly covers the fundamentals of the QFT robust control, as well as practical control solutions, for unstable, time-delay, non-minimum phase or distributed parameter systems, plants with large model uncertainty, high-performance specifications, nonlinear components, multi-input multi-output characteristics or asymmetric topologies. The reader will discover practical applications through a collection of fifty successful, real world case studies and projects, in which the author has been involved during the last twenty-five years, including commercial wind turbines, wastewater treatment plants, power systems, satellites with flexible appendages, spacecraft, large radio telescopes, and industrial manufacturing systems. Furthermore, the book presents problems and projects with the popular QFT Control Toolbox (QFTCT) for MATLAB, which was developed by the author.

This book covers structural and foundation systems used in high-voltage transmission lines, conductors, insulators, hardware and component assembly. In most developing countries, the term "transmission structures" usually means lattice steel towers. The term actually includes a vast range of structural systems and configurations of various materials such as wood, steel, concrete and composites. This book discusses those systems along with associated topics such as structure functions and configurations, load cases for design, analysis techniques, structure and foundation modeling, design deliverables and latest advances in the field. In the foundations section, theories related to direct embedment, drilled shaf ts, spread foundations and anchors are discussed in detail. Featuring worked out design problems for students, the book is aimed at students, practicing engineers, researchers and academics. It contains beneficial information for those involved in the design and maintenance of transmission line structures and foundations. For those in academia, it will be an adequate text-book / design guide for graduate-level courses on the topic. Engineers and managers at utilities and electrical corporations will find the book a useful reference at work.

Our lives and the functioning of modern societies are intimately intertwined with electricity consumption. We owe our quality of life to electricity. However, the electricity generation industry is partly responsible for some of the most pressing challenges we currently face, including climate change and the pollution of natural environments, energy inequality, and energy insecurity. Maintaining our standard of living while addressing these problems is the ultimate challenge for the future of humanity. The objective of this book is to equip engineering and science students and professionals to tackle this task. Written by an expert with over 25 years of combined academic and industrial experience in the field, this comprehensive textbook covers both fossil fuels and renewable power generation technologies. For each topic, fundamental principles, historical backgrounds, and state-of-the-art technologies are covered. Conventional power production technologies, steam power plants, gas turbines, and combined cycle power plants are presented. For steam power plants, the historical background, thermodynamic principles, steam generators, combustion systems, emission reduction technologies, steam turbines, condensate-feedwater systems, and cooling systems are covered in separate chapters. Similarly, the historical background and thermodynamic principles of gas turbines, along with comprehensive discussions on compressors, combustors, and turbines, are presented and then followed with combined cycle power plants. The second half of the book deals with renewable energy sources, including solar photovoltaic systems, solar thermal power plants, wind turbines, ocean energy systems, and geothermal power plants. For each energy source, the available energy and its variations, historical background, operational principles, basic calculations, current and future technologies, and environmental impacts are presented. Finally, energy storage systems as required technologies to address the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources are covered. While the book has been written with the needs of undergraduate and graduate college students in mind, professionals interested in widening their understanding of the field can also benefit from it.

Teaching Electromagnetics: Innovative Approaches and Pedagogical Strategies is a guide for educators addressing course content and pedagogical methods primarily at the undergraduate level in electromagnetic theory and its applications. Topics include teaching methods, lab experiences and hands-on learning, and course structures that help teachers respond effectively to trends in learning styles and evolving engineering curricula. The book grapples with issues related to the recent worldwide shift to remote teaching. Each chapter begins with a high-level consideration of the topic, reviews previous work and publications, and gives the reader a broad picture of the topic before delving into details. Chapters include specific guidance for those who want to implement the methods and assessment results and evaluation of the effectiveness of the methods. Respecting the limited time available to the average teacher to try new methods, the chapters focus on why an instructor should adopt the methods proposed in it. Topics include virtual laboratories, computer-assisted learning, and MATLAB (R) tools. The authors also review flipped classrooms and online teaching methods that support remote teaching and learning. The end result should be an impact on the reader represented by improvements to his or her practical teaching methods and curricular approach to electromagnetics education. The book is intended for electrical engineering professors, students, lab instructors, and practicing engineers with an interest in teaching and learning. In summary, this book: Surveys methods and tools for teaching the foundations of wireless communications and electromagnetic theory Presents practical experience and best practices for topical coverage, course sequencing, and content Covers virtual laboratories, computer-assisted learning, and MATLAB tools Reviews flipped classroom and online teaching methods that support remote teaching and learning Helps instructors in RF systems, field theory, and wireless communications bring their teaching practice up to date Dr. Krishnasamy T. Selvan is Professor in the Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, since June 2012. Dr. Karl F. Warnick is Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at BYU.

Teaching Electromagnetics: Innovative Approaches and Pedagogical Strategies is a guide for educators addressing course content and pedagogical methods primarily at the undergraduate level in electromagnetic theory and its applications. Topics include teaching methods, lab experiences and hands-on learning, and course structures that help teachers respond effectively to trends in learning styles and evolving engineering curricula. The book grapples with issues related to the recent worldwide shift to remote teaching. Each chapter begins with a high-level consideration of the topic, reviews previous work and publications, and gives the reader a broad picture of the topic before delving into details. Chapters include specific guidance for those who want to implement the methods and assessment results and evaluation of the effectiveness of the methods. Respecting the limited time available to the average teacher to try new methods, the chapters focus on why an instructor should adopt the methods proposed in it. Topics include virtual laboratories, computer-assisted learning, and MATLAB (R) tools. The authors also review flipped classrooms and online teaching methods that support remote teaching and learning. The end result should be an impact on the reader represented by improvements to his or her practical teaching methods and curricular approach to electromagnetics education. The book is intended for electrical engineering professors, students, lab instructors, and practicing engineers with an interest in teaching and learning. In summary, this book: Surveys methods and tools for teaching the foundations of wireless communications and electromagnetic theory Presents practical experience and best practices for topical coverage, course sequencing, and content Covers virtual laboratories, computer-assisted learning, and MATLAB tools Reviews flipped classroom and online teaching methods that support remote teaching and learning Helps instructors in RF systems, field theory, and wireless communications bring their teaching practice up to date Dr. Krishnasamy T. Selvan is Professor in the Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, since June 2012. Dr. Karl F. Warnick is Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at BYU.

Hybrid Energy Systems: Strategy for Industrial Decarbonization demonstrates how hybrid energy and processes can decarbonize energy industry needs for power and heating and cooling. It describes the role of hybrid energy and processes in nine major industry sectors and discusses how hybrid energy can offer sustainable solutions in each. Introduces the basics and examples of hybrid energy systems Examines hybrid energy and processes in coal, oil and gas, nuclear, building, vehicle, manufacturing and industrial processes, computing and portable electronic, district heating and cooling, and water sectors Shows that hybrid processes can improve efficiency and that hybrid energy can effectively insert renewable fuels in the energy industry Serves as a companion text to the author's book Hybrid Power: Generation, Storage, and Grids Written for advanced students, researchers, and industry professionals involved in energy-related processes and plants, this book offers latest research and practical strategies for application of the innovative field of hybrid energy.

Since the launch of Second-Generation Networks (2G), planning for each future mobile service was initiated many years before its commercial launch. In 2019, 5G Networks begun to be deployed commercially after almost ten years of planning. Similarly, the race for the 6G wireless networks that will be operational in 2030 has already started. To fulfill its potential in the upcoming decade, 6G will undoubtedly require an architectural orchestration based on the amalgamation of existing solutions and innovative technologies. The book will begin by evaluating the state of the art of all current mobile generations' while looking into their core building blocks. 6G implementation will require fundamental support from Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning on the network's edge and core, including a new Radio Frequency (RF) spectrum. The 6G use cases will require advanced techniques for enabling the future wireless network to be human-centric, ensuring enhanced quality of experience (QoE) for most of its applications. The concept of Human Bond Communication Beyond 2050 (Knowledge Home) and Communication, Navigation, Sensing, and Services (CONASENSE) will also profit from future wireless communication. Terahertz domains will exploit the ultra-Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output Antennas (UM-MIMO) technologies to support Terabits' data throughputs. Moreover, optical wireless communications (OWC) will also come into play to support indoor and outdoor high-data rates. Further expansion of 6G core entities will support the novel concept of Society 5.0. Quantum computing processing and communications is also likely to be added into the 6G ecosystem with security managed by blockchain orchestration for a robust network.