This book presents innovative research and its applications in the development of transportation infrastructure, and discusses the latest trends, challenges and unsolved problems in the field of transport technology. The book also presents a range of solutions to problems faced by the rapidly growing economies of the developing world. Core challenges confronting policymakers in the field of transport technology include traffic congestion, air pollution, traffic fatalities and injuries, and petroleum dependence. At the same time, the increased use of hybrid and electric vehicles is changing consumer needs and behaviors. The solutions discussed in this book will encourage and inspire researchers, industry professionals and policymakers alike to put these methods into practice.

Emerging Transactive Energy Technology for the Future Modern Energy Networks looks at the importance of transactive energy technology in modern multi-carrier energy networks, exploring modeling and optimization and analyzing the necessity of transactive energy technology for future modern energy networks. Along with energy technology, the book covers applications of transactive energy technology, strategies in optimal operation of the hybrid energy networks, reliable and sustainable development of the modern energy networks, and design, integration and operation of a full level of renewable energy resources. This reference is intended for energy, power, mechanical and environmental engineers, researchers and postgraduate students who work in various types of energy systems.

"Recent Trends in the Condition Monitoring of Transformers" reflects the current interest in replacing traditional techniques used in power transformer condition monitoring with non-invasive measures such as polarization/depolarization current measurement, recovery voltage measurement, frequency domain spectroscopy and frequency response analysis. The book stresses the importance of scrutinizing the condition of transformer insulation which may fail under present day conditions of intensive use with the resulting degradation of dielectric properties causing functional failure of the transformer.

The text shows the reader how to overcome the key challenges facing today s maintenance policies, namely:

The selection of appropriate techniques for dealing with each type of failure process accounting for the needs of plant owners, plant users and wider society; and

Cost-efficiency and durability of effect.

Many of the failure-management methods presented rely on the fact that most failures give warning when they are imminent. These potential failures give rise to identifiable physical conditions and the novel approaches described detect them so that action can be taken to avoid degeneration into full-blown functional failure. This on-condition maintenance means that equipment can be left in service as long as a specified set of performance standards continue to be met, avoiding the costly downtime imposed by routine and perhaps unnecessary maintenance but without risking equally expensive failure.

"Recent Trends in the Condition Monitoring of Transformers" will be of considerable interest to both academic researchers in power systems and to engineers working in the power generation and distribution industry showing how new and more efficient methods of fault diagnosis and condition management can increase transformer efficiency and cut costs."

Fuel cells are a very promising technology for the clean and efficient production of power. Fuel Cell Technology is an up-to-date survey of the development of this technology and will be bought by researchers and graduate students in materials control and chemical engineering working at universities and institutions and researchers and technical managers in commercial companies working in fuel cell technology.

Power engineering has become a multidisciplinary field ranging from linear algebra, electronics, signal processing to artificial intelligence including recent trends like bio-inspired computation, lateral computing and so on. In this book, Ukil builds the bridge between these inter-disciplinary power engineering practices. The book looks into two major fields used in modern power systems: intelligent systems and the signal processing.

The intelligent systems section comprises of fuzzy logic, neural network and support vector machine. The author looks at relevant theories on the topics without assuming much particular background. Following the theoretical basics, he studies their applications in various problems in power engineering, like, load forecasting, phase balancing, or disturbance analysis. These application studies are of two types: full application studies explained like in-depth case-studies, and semi-developed application ideas with scope for further extension. This is followed by pointers to further research information.

In the second part, the book leads into the signal processing from the basics of the system theory, followed by fundamentals of different signal processing transforms with examples. A section follows about the sampling technique and the digital filters which are the ultimate processing tools. The theoretical basics are substantiated by some of the applications in power engineering, both in-depth and semi-developed as before. This also ends up with pointers to further research information.

Intelligent Systems and Signal Processing in Power Engineering is helpful for students, researchers and engineers, trying to solve power engineering problems using intelligent systems and signal processing, or seeking applications of intelligent systems and signal processing in power engineering."

This book consolidates some of the most promising advanced smart grid functionalities and provides a comprehensive set of guidelines for their implementation/evaluation using DIgSILENT Power Factory. It includes specific aspects of modeling, simulation and analysis, for example wide-area monitoring, visualization and control, dynamic capability rating, real-time load measurement and management, interfaces and co-simulation for modeling and simulation of hybrid systems. It also presents key advanced features of modeling and automation of calculations using PowerFactory, such as the use of domain-specific (DSL) and DIgSILENT Programming (DPL) languages, and utilizes a variety of methodologies including theoretical explanations, practical examples and guidelines. Providing a concise compilation of significant outcomes by experienced users and developers of this program, it is a valuable resource for postgraduate students and engineers working in power-system operation and planning.

Promptly growing demand for telecommunication services and information interchange has led to the fact that communication became one of the most dynamical branches of an infrastructure of a modern society. The book introduces to the bases of classical MDP theory; problems of a finding optimal CAC in models are investigated and various problems of improvement of characteristics of traditional and multimedia wireless communication networks are considered together with both classical and new methods of theory MDP which allow defining optimal strategy of access in teletraffic systems. The book will be useful to specialists in the field of telecommunication systems and also to students and post-graduate students of corresponding specialties.

Energy Harvesting Technologies provides a cohesive overview of the fundamentals and current developments in the field of energy harvesting. In a well-organized structure, this volume discusses basic principles for the design and fabrication of bulk and MEMS based vibration energy systems, theory and design rules required for fabrication of efficient electronics, in addition to recent findings in thermoelectric energy harvesting systems.

Combining leading research from both academia and industry onto a single platform, Energy Harvesting Technologies serves as an important reference for researchers and engineers involved with power sources, sensor networks and smart materials.

The interstate integration of power grids provides multiple advantages concerning operation security, integration of renewable energy as well as energy trading. Due to these facts grid interconnections, such as ENTSO-E in Continental Europe, expand continually since its establishment. Due to the increasing scale and distance of interconnected power systems as well as an increasing number of countries involved with increasing complexity of operation, comprehensive R&D and innovations are urgently required to assure reliable and efficient operation of power systems.

In this book new tools and methods are presented for monitoring, control and protection of large scale power systems. These tools and methods consider Smart Grid technologies based on wide area data exchange in combination with modern measurement devices, such as PMUs and advanced network controllers such as FACTS and HVDC systems. Within this topic the impact and reliability of different communication technologies play a key role. The material of this book is based on final results from the international research project ICOEUR Intelligent Coordination of Operation and Emergency Control of EU and Russian Power Grids, supported by the European Commission and the Russian Federal Agency of Science and Innovation. This book provides a great value for professional power system engineers as well as for students interested in topics related to large scale power system monitoring, control, protection and operation."

Increasing demands on the output performance, exhaust emissions, and fuel consumption necessitate the development of a new generation of automotive engine functionality. This monograph is written by a long year developmental automotive engineer and offers a wide coverage of automotive engine control and estimation problems and its solutions. It addresses idle speed control, cylinder flow estimation, engine torque and friction estimation, engine misfire and CAM profile switching diagnostics, as well as engine knock detection. The book provides a wide and well structured collection of tools and new techniques useful for automotive engine control and estimation problems such as input estimation, composite adaptation, threshold detection adaptation, real-time algorithms, as well as the very important statistical techniques. It demonstrates the statistical detection of engine problems such as misfire or knock events and how it can be used to build a new generation of robust engine functionality. This book will be useful for practising automotive engineers, black belts working in the automotive industry as well as for lecturers and students since it provides a wide coverage of engine control and estimation problems, detailed and well structured descriptions of useful techniques in automotive applications and future trends and challenges in engine functionality.

The book adopts an innovative analytical approach to agenda setting by not only presenting successful cases in which energy issues were addressed by means of public policy, but by also analyzing failed attempts to make issues part of the European policy agenda. Another outstanding feature of the book is its use of the latest empirical data on a broad range of energy issues. When are energy issues likely to find their way to the agenda of European policymakers? This is the key research question guiding this collection of empirical studies, which will shed light on both successful and unsuccessful attempts to include energy issues in the European agenda. The multi-level political system of the European Union represents a particularly fruitful setting for addressing this question due to the multiple institutional access points it provides for different groups of actors. The book has three key benefits. First, it provides a theory-informed analysis of agenda setting processes in general and in the European Union in particular. Second, it presents an overview of the most important and emerging dimensions on European energy policy, and third, it helps to develop a research agenda for future research in the field.

This book identifies the challenges faced by large electricity consumers when they use several sources to procure their energy. The huge penetration of distributed energy resources and the intermittent nature of renewables can put the operations of the large electricity consumer at risk. The book discusses the different types of energy sources including the pool market, bilateral contracts, electrical vehicles, energy storage systems, and demand response programs in detail and presents solutions for robust and risk based scheduling. The author provides models for determining and considering uncertainties and optimal bidding strategies. The book is useful to engineers and students involved in the integration of various energy types as well as those working in state and federal governmental organizations who regulate different aspects of electricity market operation and planning. Presents solutions for robust and risk based scheduling; Discusses the operation and planning of energy storage systems; Presents the most-up-to-date technological approaches to energy integration.

In this book, recent progress in batteries is firstly reviewed by researchers in three leading Japanese battery companies, SONY, Matsushita and Sanyo, and then the future problems in battery development are stated. Then, recent development of solid state ionics for batteries, including lithium ion battery, metal-hydride battery, and fuel cells, are reviewed. A battery comprises essentially three components: positive electrode, negative electrode, and electrolyte. Each component is discussed for the construction of all-solid-state Batteries. Theoretical understanding of properties of battery materials by using molecular orbital calculations is also introduced.

These Proceedings gather outstanding papers submitted to the 2014 SAE-China Congress, the majority of which are from China, the most dynamic car market in the world. The book covers a wide range of automotive topics, presenting the latest technical achievements in the industry. Many of the approaches it presents can help technicians to solve the practical problems that most affect their daily work.

The continous development of computer technology supported by the VLSI revolution stimulated the research in the field .of multiprocessors systems. The main motivation for the migration of design efforts from conventional architectures towards multiprocessor ones is the possibi I ity to obtain a significant processing power together with the improvement of price/performance, reliability and flexibility figures. Currently, such systems are moving from research laboratories to real field appl ications. Future technological advances and new generations of components are I ikely to further enhance this trend. This book is intended to provide basic concepts and design methodologies for engineers and researchers involved in the development of mul tiprocessor systems and/or of appl ications based on multiprocessor architectures. In addition the book can be a source of material for computer architecture courses at graduate level. A preliminary knowledge of computer architecture and logical design has been assumed in wri ting this book. Not all the problems related with the development of multiprocessor systems are addressed in th i s book. The covered range spans from the electrical and logical design problems, to architectural issues, to design methodologis for system software. Subj ects such as software development in a multiprocessor environment or loosely coupled multiprocessor systems are out of the scope of the book. Since the basic elements, processors and memories, are now available as standard integrated circuits, the key design problem is how to put them together in an efficient and reliable way."

This book is the fourth volume of the sub series of the Lecture Notes in Mobility dedicated to Road Vehicle Automation. lts chapters have been written by researchers, engineers and analysts from all around the globe. Topics covered include public sector activities, human factors and challenges, ethical, legal, energy and technology perspectives, vehicle systems development, as well as transportation infrastructure and planning. The book is based on the Automated Vehicles Symposium which took place in San Francisco, California (USA) in July 2016.

Energy Storage for Multi-generation: Desalination, Power, Cooling and Heating Applications is designed to help readers implement and manage highly-efficient energy storage enabled industrial processes. The book provides an overview on energy storage technologies, recent trends around the world, and a discussion on the sustainability components of energy storage in different applications. Case studies for integrated power-water production schemes integrated with energy storage are also included, along with tactics to critically evaluate drivers that influence energy storage integration into power-water production schemes, including desalination, tri-generation and poly-generation concepts and configurations. This book will provide all engineers and researchers a better understanding of the application of renewable energy in desalination and the thermodynamic processes and laws involved.

This book constitutes the Final Report of COST Action 279, Analysis and DesignofAdvancedMultiserviceNetworkssupportingMultimedia, Mobility, andInterworking, a guided tour of the state-of-the-art work on diverse aspects of modern telecommunications networks design developed within this Action during the four years of its operation, started on July 1, 2001, and ended on June 30, 2005. As stated in its founding charter, its Memorandum of Understanding, the work area of COST 279 is the analysis, design, and control aspects of prese- day networks-quite a wide scope. Behind the unifying fac, ade put on by the Internet Protocol (IP) network layer, todays networks hide a mess of hete- geneity: heterogeneity at the level of applications, both concerning the traf?c they produce and the network Quality of Service (QoS) they require, and h- erogeneity at the level of network component subsystems, in particular an - creasingly important mobile/wireless access segment. A common ground for the treatment of this disparate set of topics was given by the strong meth- ological component contained in the approach followed in COST 279, with importance placed on the development and application, whenever possible, of analytical techniques and models for the mathematical understanding of the systems under study. The results expected from the Action ranged thus from mathematical models and algorithms as entities of own interest to the und- standing of systembehavior via their application."

Information technology is the enabling foundation for all of human activity at the beginning of the 21st century, and advances in this area are crucial to all of us. These advances are taking place all over the world and can only be followed and perceived when researchers from all over the world assemble, and exchange their ideas in conferences such as the one presented in this proceedings volume regarding the 26th International Symposium on Computer and Information Systems, held at the Royal Society in London on 26th to 28th September 2011. Computer and Information Sciences II contains novel advances in the state of the art covering applied research in electrical and computer engineering and computer science, across the broad area of information technology. It provides access to the main innovative activities in research across the world, and points to the results obtained recently by some of the most active teams in both Europe and Asia.

The safe management of the complex distributed systems and critical infrastructures which constitute the backbone of modern industry and society entails identifying and quantifying their vulnerabilities to design adequate protection, mitigation, and emergency action against failure. In practice, there is no fail-safe solution to such problems and various frameworks are being proposed to effectively integrate different methods of complex systems analysis in a problem-driven approach to their solution. Vulnerable Systems reflects the current state of knowledge on the procedures which are being put forward for the risk and vulnerability analysis of critical infrastructures. Classical methods of reliability and risk analysis, as well as new paradigms based on network and systems theory, including simulation, are considered in a dynamic and holistic way. Readers of Vulnerable Systems will benefit from its structured presentation of the current knowledge base on this subject. It will enable graduate students, researchers and safety and risk analysts to understand the methods suitable for different phases of analysis and to identify their criticalities in application.

Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, energy security and sustainability are three of the greatest contemporary global challenges today. This year the Sino-German Cooperation Group "Underground Storage of CO2 and Energy", is meeting on the 21-23 May 2013 for the second time in Goslar, Germany, to convene its 3rd Sino-German conference on the theme "Clean Energy Systems in the Subsurface: Production, Storage and Conversion". This volume is a collection of diverse quality scientific works from different perspectives elucidating on the current developments in CO2 geologic sequestration research to reduce greenhouse emissions including measures to monitor surface leakage, groundwater quality and the integrity of caprock, while ensuring a sufficient supply of clean energy. The contributions herein have been structured into 6 major thematic research themes: Integrated Energy and Environmental Utilization of Geo-reservoirs: Law, Risk Management & Monitoring CO2 for Enhanced Gas and Oil Recovery, Coal Bedded Methane and Geothermal Systems Trapping Mechanisms and Multi-Barrier Sealing Systems for Long-Term CO2 Storage Coupled THMC-Processes and Numerical Modelling Rock Mechanical Behaviour Considering Cyclic Loading, Dilatancy, Damage, Self-sealing and Healing Underground Storage and Supply of Energy "Clean energy systems in the subsurface" will be invaluable to researchers, scientists and experts in both academia and industry trying to find a long lasting solution to the problems of global climate change, energy security and sustainability.

Power Quality Enhancement Using Custom Power Devices considers the structure, control and performance of series compensating DVR, the shunt DSTATCOM and the shunt with series UPQC for power quality improvement in electricity distribution.
Also addressed are other power electronic devices for improving power quality in Solid State Transfer Switches and Fault Current Limiters. Applications for these technologies as they relate to compensating busses supplied by a weak line and for distributed generation connections in rural networks, are included. In depth treatment of inverters to achieve voltage support, voltage balancing, harmonic suppression and transient suppression in realistic network environments are also covered. New material on the potential for shunt and series compensation which emphasizes the importance of control design has been introduced.

Genetic Optimization Techniques for Sizing and Management of Modern Power Systems explores the design and management of energy systems using a genetic algorithm as the primary optimization technique. Coverage ranges across topics related to resource estimation and energy systems simulation. Chapters address the integration of distributed generation, the management of electric vehicle charging, and microgrid dimensioning for resilience enhancement with detailed discussion and solutions using parallel genetic algorithms. The work is suitable for researchers and practitioners working in power systems optimization requiring information for systems planning purposes, seeking knowledge on mathematical models available for simulation and assessment, and relevant applications in energy policy.

This volume includes a comprehensive theoretical treatment and current state-of-the art applications of the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). It discusses interface circuits and the study of viscoelasticity and micromechanics as well as surface roughness with the QCM. Coverage also details the broad field of analytical applications of piezoelectric sensors.