First published in 1945, this book is filled with humorous and touching stories of occupational exposure incidents from the early to middle 1900s. This book is the recounting of a series of detective stories: the never-ending search for occupational diseases. The criminal line-up is a fascinating array - microbes and metals, chlorine and cults, dermatitis and dementia, silica and sensitivity, dust in the air and "dust" in the blood cell, miasmas and myths, poisons and plagues, crotchets and eccentricities. They are all here. The narrative autobiography travels the bizarre gamut of occupations and their effects on health. The incidents are carefully chosen from the rich store in the author's notebooks. A classic of industrial and occupational medicine.

In "Malaria: Poverty, Race, and Public Health in the United States," Margaret Humphreys presents the first book-length account of the parasitic, insect-borne disease that has infected millions and influenced settlement patterns, economic development, and the quality of life at every level of American society, especially in the south.

Humphreys approaches malaria from three perspectives: the parasite's biological history, the medical response to it, and the patient's experience of the disease. It addresses numerous questions including how the parasite thrives and eventually becomes vulnerable, how professionals came to know about the parasite and learned how to fight them, and how people view the disease and came to the point where they could understand and support the struggle against it.

In addition "Malaria: Poverty, Race, and Public Health in the United States "argues that malaria control was central to the evolution of local and federal intervention in public health, and demonstrates the complex interaction between poverty, race, and geography in determining the fate of malaria.

Evaluates the findings of close to 600 studies aimed at determining whether the health risks associated with tobacco use are enhanced by co-exposure to numerous chemical, biological, and physical agents commonly found in the workplace. Co-exposures in the domestic and general environment, which are especially important in newly industrializing countries, are also considered in this comprehensive review. Although all forms of tobacco use are covered, particular attention is given to risks arising from exposure to mainstream and sidestream smoke from cigarettes. The book has four chapters. The first summarizes what is known about the health risks caused by tobacco use. A brief overview of the history of tobacco use is followed by a detailed explanation of the chemistry of processed tobacco and the many toxic compounds found in tobacco and in mainstream and sidestream smoke. The chapter also includes an overview of all documented acute and chronic adverse effects of tobacco, including smokeless tobacco. The second and most extensive chapter evaluates the evidence on health effects caused by interactions between tobacco smoke and asbestos, non-asbestos fibres, seven inorganic chemicals, five organic chemical agents, including ethanol, four physical agents, and seven biological agents, including two widespread infectious agents. The chapter also includes an explanation of the concept of interaction and how it can be measured, a discussion of vector effects, whereby cigarettes become contaminated with toxic chemicals in the workplace, and a review of data indicating that tobacco smoking can alter the metabolism of therapeutic drugs and other chemicals. Chapter three considers whether adverseeffects following co-exposure to tobacco smoke and other agents are separate effects or possible interactions. The report found evidence for synergism in the production of adverse effects, including cancer, between tobacco smoking and exposure to asbestos, ethanol, silica, and radiation. The report also found evidence that tobacco smoking affects the health risks of exposure in coal mining, pesticide handling, and in the rubber and petroleum industries. In addition, tobacco smoking can increase the risk of byssinosis produced by exposure to cotton dust, and nasal cancer caused by exposure to wood dusts. On the basis of this evaluation, the final chapter concludes that all possible measures should be taken to eliminate tobacco use, particularly smoking. To avoid interaction with occupational exposure and to eliminate hazards arising from exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, the report concludes that smoking in the workplace should be prohibited.

A state-of-the-art review of methods and procedures for assessing the risks to human health posed by environmental chemicals. Addressed to regulatory authorities, risk managers and other decision-makers, the book aims to demystify the principles of risk assessment and thus encourage wider use of this powerful tool for protecting populations. Since the detection of chemical hazards may have socioeconomic and political consequences, the book gives particular attention to methods for the accurate identification of risks and determination of their severity. The book has four chapters covering each logical step in the process of risk assessment. The first, on hazard identification, explains how data on a chemical's toxicity and mode of action can be used to determine whether the chemical will cause adverse effects on health. The strengths and limitations of different types of data are discussed together with criteria commonly used to establish causality. Methods for assessing dose-response relationships are reviewed in chapter two, which explains how to characterize the relationship between the dose administered or received and the incidence of an adverse effect. Exposure assessment is covered in the next chapter, which describes methods for determining the nature and extent of contact with chemical substances and discusses the characteristics of exposure in the general environment, in the workplace, and from consumer products. The final chapter explains the procedure of risk characterization as a decision-making tool that brings together estimates of exposure levels and risks and summarizes sources of uncertainty in the scientific data. Practical options for risk management are presented asa range of regulatory, non-regulatory, economic, and technological measures.

This volume discusses the effects of indoor air environment and pollution in modern buildings on human health. Highlighting epidemiological studies and the determining factors, it offers proposals for improving indoor air quality (IAQ) in different environments. Focusing not only on homes and offices, but also vehicles and aircrafts, it details practical methods of measuring and assessing indoor air quality. Written by pioneering researchers, Indoor Environmental Quality and Health Risk toward Healthier Environment for All is a valuable resource for both new and established researchers as well as students seeking a comprehensive overview of the facts on indoor air quality and health. Also is also of interest to hygiene experts in industry, occupational health and safety professionals, governmental public health sectors and school physicians.

Summary: Explains the many simple things that community health workers can do to treat malaria, prevent new cases, and thus help reduce the alarming number of deaths, particularly in young children and pregnant women. Practical in its approach, the manual concentrates on activities that are within the competence of health workers and feasible and affordable at the community level. Information ranges from a basic explanation of the disease and its transmission, to tables illustrating correct treatment schedules for different age groups. The manual, which is abundantly illustrated, can be used in training courses, as a support to the health worker's day-to-day activities, or as a tool for health education in the community. The main purpose is to communicate basic facts and messages that, if widely understood within a community, could do much to reduce the incidence and severity of malaria. Chloroquine is presented as the first-line treatment. The manual has three parts. The first explains what community health workers can do to control malaria, and lists the essential medicines and equipment needed.Part two introduces basic facts about malaria and the behaviour of mosquitos, and elaborates three main approaches to malaria prevention in communities. The third and most extensive part sets out step-by-step instructions for the recognition and treatment of malaria, giving particular attention to standard malaria treatment schedules, measures for ensuring compliance, what to do when standard treatment fails, and how to recognize, treat, and refer severe cases. The management of malaria in young children and pregnant women also receives special attention.

Medical Consequences Of The Chernobyl Nuclear Accident

Der Band "Umweltbeauftragte im Krankenhaus" basiert auf Vortdigen einer Fach tagung des Umweltinstituts Offenbach im Marz 1994, die nun in teils tiberarbeiteter und erganzter Form vorliegen. Umweltbeauftragte - in der Industrie langst institutionalisiert - erreichen im Untemehmen Krankenhaus erst langsam den Stellenwert, der ihnen von der Bedeu tung her zukommt. Neben den klassischen Betriebsbeauftragten flir Umweltschutz, den Abfall-, Gewasserschutz- und Immissionsschutzbeauftragten, wird im Krankenhaus zuneh mend dartiber nachgedacht, wie sich Umweltschutz organisatorisch in den Betrieb einbinden Hillt. Die Beitrage beleuchten zunachst die Situation der gesetzlich vorgeschriebenen Umweltschutzbeauftragten, ihre Aufgaben, den rechtlichen Hintergrund und ihr Anforderungsprofil. Umweltbeauftragte, oftmals im Spannungsfeld zwischen oko nomischen Interessen und gesetzlichen Anforderungen, haben es besonders im Krankenhaus nicht leicht, ihren Standort in der Betriebsorganisation zu finden. In ihrer yom Gesetzgeber definierten Kontroll- und Uberwachungsfunktion bleibt ihnen zudem wenig Zeit ftir konzeptionelle Arbeit. Losungsmoglichkeiten, diese Mangel zu beheben, werden hier beschrieben und neue Organisationsformen vorgestellt, urn eine effektive Umweltschutzarbeit zu gewahrleisten."

"Reads like a murder mystery. . . . [Desowitz] writes with uncommon lucidity and verse, leaving the reader with a vivid understanding of malaria and other tropical diseases, and the ways in which culture, climate and politics have affected their spread and containment."—New York Times

Why, Robert S. Desowitz asks, has biotechnical research on malaria produced so little when it had promised so much? An expert in tropical diseases, Desowtiz searches for answers in this provocative book.

"Like such eminent science writers as Stephen Jay Gould and Lewis Thomas, Mr. Desowitz manages to make the basic principles of his subject immediately comprehensible to the general reader. He has also succeeded in giving us a profound appreciation of the ways in which scientific and medical knowledge advances, through hypothesis, error and experiment, through serendipity, dedication, and perseverance."—Michiko Kakutani, New York Times

"Like a novelist, [Desowitz] draws the reader into the human tragedy of disease. . . . Rich in historical-medical detective stories."—Betty Ann Kevles, Los Angeles Times

"A gripping account of how a one-celled protozoan has triumphed over modern science."—Wall Street Journal

"Just as it was not necessary to be an astrophysicist to feel the grandeur and scope of Stephen Hawking's A Brief History of Time, it is not necessary to be a parasitologist or specialist in tropical medicine to relate to the drama, tragedy and even romance of Desowitz's fascinating and provocative story. . . . Interesting and important."—New England Journal of Medicine

Generally accepted scientific priniciples and requirements applied to neurotoxicology.

With clear explanations, real-world examples and updated questions and answers, the tenth edition of Environmental Chemistry emphasizes the concepts essential to the practice of environmental science, technology and chemistry while introducing the newest innovations in the field. The author follows the general format and organization popular in preceding editions, including an approach based upon the five environmental spheres and the relationship of environmental chemistry to the key concepts of sustainability, industrial ecology and green chemistry. This readily adaptable text has been revamped to emphasize important topics such as the world water crisis. It details global climate change to a greater degree than previous editions, underlining the importance of abundant renewable energy in minimizing human influences on climate. Environmental Chemistry is designed for a wide range of graduate and undergraduate courses in environmental chemistry, environmental science and sustainability as well as serving as a general reference work for professionals in the environmental sciences and engineering.

A wide-ranging account of traditional medical practices is intended to provide health administrators and practitioners with background information that may help them improve health care coverage, especially in developing countries, through a judicious blending of orthodox and unorthodox health resources.

Dieses Handbuch dient als Praxisleitfaden fur Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutzbeauftragte. Es gibt Hilfestellung beim Aufbau der Organisation des betrieblichen Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutzes. Dies soll Unternehmen dazu befahigen, basierend auf den gesetzlichen Anforderungen ein zum jeweiligen Betrieb passendes System zu installieren. Neben der rechtlichen Einordnung beschreiben die Autoren in kleinen Schritten und praxisgerecht die erforderlichen planerischen und organisatorischen Aspekte. Das Handbuch enthalt Vorlagen und Checklisten. Diese koennen direkt verwendet und auf die eigenen betrieblichen Belange angepasst werden. Unternehmen, die das Handbuch nutzen und mit Leben fullen, haben damit die Grundlage fur ein Arbeitsschutzsystem geschaffen, dass zu einem Arbeitsschutzmanagement ausgebaut werden kann. Dieses Handbuch wird Betriebspraktiker interessieren, ihnen hilfreiche Impulse fur die eigene Arbeit sowie fur die Umsetzung vor Ort geben.

This invaluable handbook provides a basic knowledge of muscle action and co-ordination with which students of occupational therapy can applying specific techniques to specific conditions of muscle insufficiency for the restoration of function. It is particularly designed for those who have already studied anatomy and physiology, and will be useful in conjunction with an authorized anatomy text. Students and teachers of physio-therapy will find considerable value in it. Miss McMurrich's book is the result of many years' experience in teaching anatomy to students of occupational and physical therapy. In her introductory chapter, she endeavours to clarify for beginners any difficulties in the subject matter, and to condense for the advanced reader the existing knowledge on muscle action. Her main contention is that the application of craft-work, games or exercises for the restoration of function can be varied indefinitely if the therapist's knowledge of muscle action and co-ordination is sound. She makes suggestions for certain muscles or muscle groups; and leaves to the ingenuity of the therapist, with sound knowledge of muscle action, appropriate additions. Her accounts of the signs of nerve lesions and falsification of movement will be of great us to students.

Dieses essential stellt ein wissenschaftlich fundiertes System der psychischen Gefahrdungsbeurteilung vor, das den gesetzlichen Vorgaben entspricht. Es zeigt auf, welche Schritte ein umfassendes und betriebsspezifisches Gefahrdungscontrolling beinhaltet und welche Rolle der psychischen Gefahrdungsbeurteilung in diesem Prozess zukommt. Die Methode der evidenzbasierten psychischen Gefahrdungsbeurteilung dient als Grundlage, um Gefahrdungen adaquat zu erfassen und wirksame (Gegen-)Massnahmen einzuleiten und hilft bei der Implementierung des Gefahrdungscontrollings. So kann ein kontinuierlicher und nachhaltiger Lernprozess im Unternehmen angeregt werden, von dem Arbeitnehmer und Arbeitgeber profitieren.

Wars in the 19th Century were accompanied by a very heavy loss of life from infectious diseases. Typhus fever, dysentery, malaria, typhoid fever and yellow fever caused many more deaths than wounds inflicted by enemy actions. During the Peninsular War, for example, for every soldier dying of a wound, four succumbed to disease. This book examines the development and evolution of surgical practice against this overwhelming risk of death due to disease. It reviews three major conflicts during this time: the Peninsular War, the Crimean War and the Boer War and also considers many minor wars fought by the British Empire in the intervening years, and highlights significant medical and surgical developments during these conflicts. War surgery in the first part of the 19th Century was brutal, and it had to be carried out swiftly. It was performed at speed because there were no anaesthetics and the wounded often died during the procedure. Surgeons focussed their attention on wounds of the arms and legs, because limbs were both easily accessible to the surgeon (unlike organs inside the abdomen and chest) and lent themselves well to amputation. This was commonly the operation of choice for many war wounds of arms and legs. Some surgeons performed more difficult surgical procedures to try to preserve the limbs and attempted to repair damaged tissues, but these operations took longer and caused greater suffering to the patient. Abdominal and chest wounds were not treated since surgeons did not have the means, the ability, or the understanding, to cut into the abdomen and chest to repair the damaged organs successfully. An important development which contributed to surgery moving forwards was the discovery of general anaesthesia, which became available in time for the Crimean War. However, whilst it certainly rendered operations pain-free, it was associated with significant numbers of deaths during surgery on wounded soldiers because of the poorly understood effects that anaesthetics had, particularly on the heart. As a result, operative surgery did not extend its scope a great deal, and military surgery remained focussed on surgery of the limbs. However, fewer amputations were performed during the Boer War at the end of this period. Britain sent observers to several wars in which it was not involved to learn military lessons and to understand the medical and surgical aspects of war. The American Civil War and the Franco-Prussian War were two such conflicts. The Russo-Japanese War resulted in a very significant advance in surgery for abdominal wounds, but Western observers either failed to notice or ignored pioneering work performed by a Russian female surgeon called Vera Gedroits. As a result, when the Great War began in 1914, lessons had to be re-learned by British surgeons, and many soldiers who suffered penetrating abdominal wounds lost their lives when they should have survived. Unfortunately, one of the hallmarks of war surgery is that successive generations of surgeons make the same mistakes as their forebears and the same lessons have to be learned time and again.

In the developing countries, pollution through solid waste, sludge from water and wastewater treatment plants and pollution of natural water resources have become one of the grave issues. The root cause is population explosion, industrialization, urbanization and other anthropogenic activities. The increase rate of solid waste has become a major challenge for sustainable development of the environment. Poor management of solid waste and sludge from water and wastewater treatment plants may be the cause of health hazards and environmental problems. The book presents new methods and technologies to combat the aforementioned problems and focuses on the importance of using the recycled products. The technologies related to waste and sludge treatment are economical, eco-friendly and bring economic returns, and can be applied to most of the developing countries where waste treatment technologies, viz. composting, anaerobic digestion, recycling of plastic and agricultural waste in construction can be used. The aim of the book is to support everyone who is involved in academics, teaching, research related to solid waste management and water and wastewater treatment study in the leading academic and research organizations globally. This book will be of prodigious value to upcoming researchers, scholars, scientists and professionals in Environmental Science and Engineering fields, and global and local authorities and policy makers responsible for the management of solid wastes and sludge. Globally, universities can develop new prospectuses on sustainable and eco-friendly waste and sludge management, which are relating to the book's theme. This book can also be of great source for designing and operation of waste reuse and recycling programmes.

Newly organized and featuring new editors and hundreds of new images, Peters' Atlas of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seventh Edition, brings you up to date with today's greatest challenges in tropical medicine. Increased global travel, climate change, human conflict, short-term/large-scale human assemblies, potent therapeutic agents, drug resistance, and vaccine misinformation have contributed to a greatly changed landscape in this complex field. This practical, highly visual guide provides more than 1,300 stunning illustrations, making it an authoritative parasitology resource for accurate diagnosis of complex diseases. Contains hundreds of new images, including more than 50 completely revised life cycles and epidemiological maps. Provides current information on Zika virus, chikungunya virus, Ebola virus, SARS and MERS-CoV caused by enzootic corona virus, tuberculosis, ceftriaxone-resistant gonorrhea, malaria, and much more. Features a completely updated and significantly streamlined text, now organized not only by primary mode of disease transmission, but extended to define disease more strictly according to the route of acquisition - a logical change that reflects the principles applied to control measures for most infections. Presents the knowledge and expertise of new editors Drs. Laura Nabarro, Stephen Morris-Jones, and David A. J. Moore. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

Bereits in der 5. Auflage erfolgreich! Sowohl Grundlagen der Tauchmedizin als auch Ergebnisse der experimentellen tauchmedizinischen Forschung werden behandelt. Die Probleme des Tieftauchens mit Gasgemischen, des Sporttauchens mit Luft im konventionellen Bereich und der stundenlangen Uberexposition der Caissonarbeiter in Tunneln werden abgehandelt. Seit 1985 wird bei Gasembolie, Dekompressionskrankheit des Gehirns/Ruckenmarks und Innenohrschaden die Behandlung mit hyperbarem Sauerstoff (HBO) angewandt; die Ergebnisse werden mit aussagekraftigen Zahlen belegt. Das Rechenmodell ZH-L8 ADT, bei Tauchcomputern der jungsten Generation in Anwendung, wird beschrieben. Ein aussagefahiger Uberblick uber praktische Tauchmedizin, experimentelle Forschung und Aufbau und Funktion von Dekompressionscomputern!"

Das Buch gibt Laborleitern, ihren Mitarbeitern in Industrie, Handel und Forschung, aber auch Fachkraften fur Arbeitssicherheit, Sicherheitsbeauftragten und Aufsichtsbeamten, sowie Gutachtern und Sachverstandigen einen Leitfaden nach dem neuesten Stand des Wissens an die Hand. Der erfahrene Autor - selbst Chemiker und Technischer Aufsichtsbeamter in der Berufsgenossenschaft der Chemischen Industrie - zeigt Losungen auf, beantwortet die haufigsten Fragen und bietet Hilfe bei der Umsetzung der nicht immer leicht verstandlichen Vorschriften an. Das Buch geht daher uber den Inhalt der gesetzlichen Vorschriften und Richtlinien weit hinaus."

Malaria sickens hundreds of millions of people--and kills one to three million--each year. Despite massive efforts to eradicate the disease, it remains a major public health problem in poorer tropical regions. But malaria has not always been concentrated in tropical areas. How did other regions control malaria and why does the disease still flourish in some parts of the globe?

From Russia to Bengal to Palm Beach, Randall Packard's far-ranging narrative traces the natural and social forces that help malaria spread and make it deadly. He finds that war, land development, crumbling health systems, and globalization--coupled with climate change and changes in the distribution and flow of water--create conditions in which malaria's carrier mosquitoes thrive. The combination of these forces, Packard contends, makes the tropical regions today a perfect home for the disease.

Authoritative, fascinating, and eye-opening, this short history of malaria concludes with policy recommendations for improving control strategies and saving lives.

THE ESSENTIAL WORK IN TRAVEL MEDICINE - NOW COMPLETELY UPDATED FOR 2018 As unprecedented numbers of travelers cross international borders each day, the need for up-to-date, practical information about the health challenges posed by travel has never been greater. For both international travelers and the health professionals who care for them, the CDC Yellow Book 2018: Health Information for International Travel is the definitive guide to staying safe and healthy anywhere in the world. The fully revised and updated 2018 edition codifies the U.S. government's most current health guidelines and information for international travelers, including pretravel vaccine recommendations, destination-specific health advice, and easy-to-reference maps, tables, and charts. The 2018 Yellow Book also addresses the needs of specific types of travelers, with dedicated sections on: * Precautions for pregnant travelers, immunocompromised travelers, and travelers with disabilities * Special considerations for newly arrived adoptees, immigrants, and refugees * Practical tips for last-minute or resource-limited travelers * Advice for air crews, humanitarian workers, missionaries, and others who provide care and support overseas Authored by a team of the world's most esteemed travel medicine experts, the Yellow Book is an essential resource for travelers - and the clinicians overseeing their care - at home and abroad.

How the body responds to high altitude--the classic study revised for the latest scientific findings. Cutting-edge information on how to prevent, diagnose, and treat altitude illness and hypoxia in everyday life.

The four Primary Surgery volumes are manuals written for the non-specialist doctor and medical students. Two other volumes Trauma and Primary Anaesthesia have already been published and a fourth, Primary Mother Care is in preparation. The manuals describe what a doctor can do if s/he cannot refer a patient, both in emergency and for cold surgery'. Surgery has become fragmented into many specialties, and these manuals select methods of which the generalist can make good use. Although common problems such as Caesarean section, the resection of dead gut, and the release of pus from infected bones are highlighted, it is recognized that rare problems are fairly common, and thus the manuals aim to be comprehensive. The organization and equipment found within an operating theatre is described, and an extensive equipment list is provided. The previous volumes have been well-received, as a reader from Africa testifies: With the volume on Trauma (which never leaves the theatre) open, my colleagues and I have done several operations successfully, which we previously knew nothing about. I was especially impressed with the descriptions of how to make burr holes for intracranial bleeding. Foll

Handbook of Neurological Sports Medicine: Concussion and Other Nervous System Injuries in the Athlete presents techniques for diagnosis and treatment of head-related injuries to enable medical professionals to provide the best care possible. Authored by a respected team of neurosurgeons, including highly regarded concussion researcher Julian Bailes, this evidence-based reference offers expert guidelines for managing these serious injuries. A strong focus is placed on concussion due to the risk involved with this common injury. The text outlines how to recognize, assess, and treat concussions, preparing practitioners to calmly respond to athletes who are exhibiting signs of this dangerous condition. It also reviews the biomechanics and pathophysiology at the core of concussions to better understand their clinical presentations. Critical return-to-play guidelines and participation recommendations for patients with preexisting neurological conditions or structural lesions arm medical professionals with the principles needed for making appropriate decisions for athletes' safety. The text explains the roles of pharmacological management, natural treatment approaches, rehabilitation strategies, and education. In addition, chapters provide coverage of postconcussion syndrome, subconcussion, and second-impact syndrome. Handbook of Neurological Sports Medicine also takes a look at other traumatic injuries, including injuries to the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine, and the soft tissue and fascia within the spinal unit. It provides an overview of peripheral nervous system injuries to ensure medical professionals understand those serious and potentially career-ending issues, reviews facets of optimal response with suspected or proven spinal injury, and discusses the evaluation and management of athletes with non-concussion-related headaches and heat illness or heatstroke. The text includes additional features to address issues surrounding critical injuries: * Guidance on developing an action plan for athletic events prepares first responders for emergency situations. * A review of cases of interest provides examples of situations that can-and do-occur. * Medicolegal considerations educate practitioners about negligence, standard of care, and proximate cause. * More than 150 photos and illustrations offer visual support to further explain the injuries. The evaluation and management of sport-related neurological injuries have matured at an unprecedented rate. Handbook of Neurological Sports Medicine is a critical resource for all who encounter and treat neurological injuries, providing the foundation for the clinical decisions that all athletic medical practitioners must make to give their patients the best treatment possible. Continuing education credits and units may also be earned based on the subject matter in this book. Explore online CE course options in Human Kinetics' Continuing Education store.